Owners of a goldfish aquarium are usually interested in what gender their pets are. This is important for the possibility of breeding them. Of course, if they are kept only for decorative purposes, then gender does not matter, since they are not territorial, and they do not need a pack. Let's find out how you can distinguish a male goldfish from a female.
When is it easier to find out the gender of a goldfish?
Before puberty, it is almost impossible to determine their gender. This usually occurs around the age of one year. During the spawning period, the situation begins to change - differences appear in males and females.
At this time, males begin to actively pursue females, being somewhat behind them, pressing them against the walls of the aquarium or decorative elements, against vegetation, in order to provoke spawning. True, a pair of males in an aquarium without a female presence will also chase each other. 
1. The gill covers and scales of females do not have wart formations like those of males; 2. The anal opening of the female before spawning thickens and swells - it becomes convex and clearly noticeable; 3. The goldfish has a very prominent round body During the spawning period, they also undergo external changes - small white growths similar to millet appear on the gills and pectoral fins, and small notches called “saw” are observed on a pair of pectoral fins. However, in some males the growths do not appear at all, but sometimes they can appear in females.
Important! Puberty depends on the breed and gender of the goldfish. There are varieties in which males mature by 9 months, and females have to wait up to 3 years to mature.
During this period, the female becomes rounded, her abdomen swells and becomes asymmetrical. The body of males has a thinner, streamlined shape. However, it is difficult to determine by body shape in some breeds (for example, Ryukin), since all their representatives have a rounded and swollen body. 
1. High dorsal fin; 2. Sharp, spine-like at the ends, bony fin rays; 3. Sensitive organ of the lateral line; 4. Tail or caudal base; 5a. Warty growths on the gill covers of males mating season; 5b. Warty growths on the scales of males before spawning females; 6. Outgrowths on the head in the form of peculiar antennae with pom-poms - balls, tassels or fringe at their tips; 7. Nostrils; 8. Head; 9. Double caudal fin (there are goldfish with three and four veiled caudal fins); 10. Pectoral fins; 11. Anal fin; 12. Pelvic fins; 13. Mouth; 14. Eye; 15. Ovoid body shape of a goldfish; 16a. Capillary ducts of the lower half of the double tail; 16b. Capillary ducts of the upper half of the double tail; 17. Anal opening; 18. Gill covers
How to distinguish goldfish: female from male
Let's consider what else you should pay attention to to determine the sex of these representatives of the crucian genus. It should be noted that almost all physiological and behavioral signs listed in this article refer to healthy individuals with normal nutrition.
After all, a sick male will not pursue a female during the mating season; a female that has been underfed will look shaped like a male; a bloated belly may be a symptom of a disease and not a sign of a female.
Video: how to distinguish the gender of goldfish
Growth
You should take a good look at your pets from below. Males have a noticeable outgrowth located between the back of the ventral fin and the anus. In females it is absent or barely noticeable.
The area between the ventral and anal fins
In females, the area between the pelvic and anal fins is soft to the touch, while in males it is hard.
To determine gender, it is recommended to carefully examine the anus. In female goldfish, it has a more roundish shape, and also protrudes slightly during the mating season. When viewed from the side, in females the anus looks like a bulge in the abdominal area. 
Anal opening of a female
It should also be taken into account that in females the fin near the anus is denser than in males.
Did you know? Breeders breed goldfish only after they have reached their full development. This usually happens when the fish is 2-4 years old.
The very shape of the anus in males is narrower and elongated, that is, somewhat oval in shape. It is usually concave, and not convex, like that of the opposite sex. 
Male anus It should be borne in mind that in females the anus does not always protrude outwards, and sometimes this picture is observed in males.
Did you know? The longest living goldfish, named Fred, lived for 41 years in the UK. On average, these fish live from 4 to 5 years, and under optimal conditions they can live up to 10–15 years.
Pelvic fins
On the belly of females, the fins are more round and somewhat shorter in size than those of males. In males, they are correspondingly larger and pointed.
Coloring
Females have a slightly brighter color. In addition, they behave more actively than males of this species. One of distinctive features males is the presence of small but clearly visible growths in the form of whitish tubercles in the area of the gill covers. 
They appear during the spawning period, but in males who have lived for several years and have already gone through many mating periods, they can be observed constantly. When goldfish have not reached sexual development, it is impossible to determine whether they are female or male.
Important! Determining the sex of a goldfish follows from the combination of the above physiological characteristics. They are not always reliable, as there are exceptions to them.
But when they are ripe, during the spawning period physiological signs and changes in behavior appear, based on the combination of which you can easily do this. If you want your goldfish to reproduce, you should buy several specimens, not a couple. Then the probability of having different-sex individuals is higher, but the aquarium, accordingly, then you should choose a larger size.
Goldfish are quite demanding in terms of their maintenance and care, so their owners must have certain knowledge in this area, and also take into account a large number of nuances.
People who have overcome all the difficulties begin to think about breeding goldfish quite often. And the main problem they encounter is how to determine the sex of a goldfish.
Distinctive characteristics of a male and female goldfish
The sex of a goldfish can be determined by the following differences:
- The female has a more rounded body and appears bloated;
- The male has serrations, similar to small saw teeth, located on the pectoral fins;
- The female has shorter and more rounded pelvic fins;
- During the spawning period, white tubercles appear on the gill covers, as well as along the front fins, which is considered characteristic feature male goldfish. However, it should be noted that the appearance of such growths may indicate the disease ichthyophthyriosis, so the main thing is not to confuse the symptoms of the disease with different sexual characteristics. The female goldfish has a more aggressive and brighter coloration compared to the coloration of the male.
- In addition, you can determine the sex of a fish by its behavior. Thus, in the spring, the behavior of males becomes more active - he diligently tries to care for the female, accompanying her along the entire trajectory of her movement around the aquarium.
The period of appearance of distinctive sexual characteristics
It should be noted right away that any differences between male and female become visible no earlier than the goldfish reaches its sexual maturity, the onset of which on average occurs after the first year of life. Before this, it is not possible to visually distinguish the sex of the fish.
In addition, the onset of puberty can be significantly delayed due to the small volume of the aquarium and poor diet. Ideally for one goldfish More than 40 liters of water should be drained, and food should be rich in protein.
There is a false belief that goldfish primitive in care. In fact, they are very demanding, and when breeding them, a lot of nuances arise. But, having learned to overcome difficulties, many owners are thinking about breeding their aquarium pets. If in many species of aquarium fish it is quite primitive to distinguish a female from a male (by color, size), then with goldfish the situation is the opposite.
You will need
- Aquarium, goldfish, magnifying glass
Instructions
1. Goldfish become sexually mature by two years, although this depends on the completeness and diversity of the diet and the conditions in which they are kept. In this case, the volume of the aquarium plays a very significant role - for one goldfish you need at least 40 liters, and each “glass house” must be at least 100 liters. In small volumes, the fish do not progress well, they become as if “extended” and are incapable of spawning. In impeccable conditions, there were cases of even more early puberty - by one and a half years, while the diet was protein-rich. Consequently, before this age, even an experienced owner will not be able to distinguish between a male and a female.
2. When the fish become ready to reproduce, the first differences between male and female begin to appear. The female's body takes about round shape, a small spherical belly appears, while the male is more roasty.
3. The front paired fins of the male have characteristic serrations that appearance resemble small saw teeth. This is the core sign by which it is possible to distinguish a male from a female even outside the mating period.
4. With the beginning of spring, the courtship period begins for mature goldfish. At this time, the male invisibly differs from the female in his behavior. He behaves very energetically, violently courting his girlfriend, chasing her around every aquarium.
5. Another main sign of a male is the appearance of white tubercles on the head and gill covers during the spawning period. Occasionally, these tubercles may be on the front fins. The same signs may appear when serious illness aquarium fish – ichthyophthyriosis. Tubercles appear on the fins of fish, similar to semolina. The main thing is not to confuse the spawning signs of the male with this disease.
Goldfish are a subspecies of silver crucian carp. Despite the name, these fish may differ in color. Red, white, and black individuals are often found in nature. In addition, goldfish are able to change color throughout their lives. Basically, metamorphosis occurs in the 1st year of life, however, in some cases, fish can change the shade of their scales even after puberty. On average, goldfish are ready to spawn by 7-8 months, but it is better if they begin to reproduce later than they are 2-4 years old. During this period, they reach maximum brightness of the color of their scales and fins. Until this time, it is very problematic to realize what gender your goldfish is.
You will need
- In order to understand what gender your pet is, you need to take an observant look at it during the spawning period. If two fish of different sexes live in an aquarium, then you will immediately be able to determine which of them is male and which is female.
Instructions
1. First, compare the sizes fish. Males are usually somewhat smaller than females. At the same time, the latter have a more rounded belly. Males also have a slightly convex anal opening, while in females, on the contrary, it is possible to notice a depression in this area.
2. A few days before spawning, white specks appear on the gills of males. On the first rays of the pectoral fins you can also notice small clear notches, which some breeders call “saw”.
3. During the spawning period, males become very energetic. They begin to chase the females around the aquarium, and also “molest” the brides, pinning them in a corner.
Video on the topic
Note!
If you want to breed goldfish, then do not forget that they need a lot of space for typical coexistence. Therefore, before purchasing a companion or partner for your pet, take care to expand its living space.
Helpful advice
If a goldfish lives alone, it will be quite difficult to determine its gender. True, occasionally in males ready for spawning, sexual signs may occur regardless of whether there is a partner nearby. In this case, many novice breeders get scared and think that the fish is sick with something.
Chinese and Japanese breeders have developed several famous species of goldfish. Some people think that they are very easy to care for due to their enormous popularity. Occasionally, a person may be given a goldfish as a simple gift for some merit, or lightly as a virgin present, which will inevitably prompt a person to think about how to care for goldfish so that they can live well in his aquarium.
It is worth saying that in cases where the fish is not given proper care, it dies quite quickly. Occasionally she lives every three to four days. In order to provide positive care for goldfish, you must definitely take into account what kind of aquarium you have, and also know what needs to be done with the water before introducing the fish into it. It is also important to decide what to feed the animals. If we talk about choosing the right aquarium, it is worth saying that in small aquariums these fish die. The larger the fish itself or the larger their number, the larger the volume of the glass house should be. Also, future owners must know that the water must be enriched with oxygen. The main point is the choice of “contents” of the aquarium. For example, you need to put gravel on the bottom, because bacteria live on it, which absorb ammonia and its level in the water decreases. As for the temperature that needs to be maintained in order to keep a goldfish, it should not be less than or more than 21 degrees. In order to keep one goldfish you will need: 40 liter aquarium – 1 piece. Aquarium filter, with the ability to pump air – 1 piece. Thermometer for aquariums. Medium-sized gravel. Aquarium snails. Catfish – 2 individuals. Special food for goldfish. Literature dedicated to the table of contents of goldfish. 1. Install the aquarium in a suitable place in your house or apartment.2. Place medium-sized gravel on the bottom of the aquarium.3. install a filter that pumps air.4. Install a special thermometer. 5. Pour into the aquarium clean water. 6. Add snails and catfish to the aquarium. 7. Wait a few days or even a week. 8. Make sure that the temperature in the aquarium is 21 degrees. 9. Launch the goldfish.10. Check how much food the fish eats at one time.11. Never overfeed your goldfish!12. Never use small aquariums to house your goldfish.
Video on the topic
Goldfish are a decoration for any aquarium. Some people think that caring for them is very primitive, but in fact there are several nuances that require special comprehension. One of these issues is reproduction. How to find out floor this type of aquarium fish?
Instructions
1. Goldfish reach floor reaches maturity only at two years of age. Until then, don't try to identify them. floor, this is actually unrealistic. However, there were cases when, under impeccable conditions of contents and a protein-intensive diet, males matured to floor morning years. These fish progress poorly in small rooms, so the volume of the aquarium should be at least one hundred liters.
2. Observe the fish during the maturation period. At this time, the females’ bodies take on a rounded shape, and the males remain lean. It is at this time that one can notice the first differences in the structure gold various fish floor A.
3. Using a magnifying glass, look at the front paired fins. In mature males, you can see characteristic notches on them, reminiscent of a saw with small teeth. By this sign it is possible to distinguish floor fish not even during the mating period, but only in floor density of mature individuals.
4. At the beginning of spring floor Mature goldfish enter the period of courtship and mating games. Males begin to differ greatly from females in behavior. They are very energetic, chasing females around every aquarium, courting wildly and passionately. After watching mating game, you can easily distinguish floor their pets.
5. Also, by observing the head of the fish observantly through a magnifying glass, you will notice another core sign of the male. White tubercles appear on the head and gill covers during the spawning period. The main thing is not to confuse them with signs of ichthyophthyriosis - the disease gold fish, in which there appears on the fins white coating, somewhat similar to semolina. Spawning signs appear only during the breeding season.
6. After spawning, be sure to transfer the fish to a previously prepared reserve reservoir. This is done so that the aquarium inhabitants do not eat their offspring. The depositor, just like the core reservoir, must be equipped with a filter and a supply of clean air.
Video on the topic
Causes of death aquarium fish maybe a lot. Ideally, the environment in the aquarium should be as similar as possible to the natural habitat of the species of fish that you have placed in it. If there are any deviations, this can lead to health problems and even death of your pets.
Aquarium fish must be provided with ideal clean water Therefore, the aquarium must be perfectly lit and filtered. And, of course, it is impossible to forget about feeding and living plants. It would seem that fulfilling these requirements is quite easy, but what could go wrong? More often than not, fish die as a result of the following violations.
Main reasons
The first reason is poor quality water. If you do not frequently clean your aquarium satisfactorily, the waste products of the fish disintegrate and poison the water with nitrogen compounds. During the day, the fish accumulates a huge number of feces - up to a third of its weight. In addition, you should not overfeed your pets; on the contrary, uneaten food will begin to decompose. Unfortunately, many novice aquarists are poorly versed in similar issues and completely forget about timely cleaning. Nitrogen compounds such as ammonium, nitrate and nitrite make their presence felt unpleasant smell and turbidity The second reason is improper adaptation of purchased fish to new conditions. The catch is that the water in pet store aquariums and the water in your home can be strikingly different in parameters such as pH, temperature, and hardness. It is impossible to simply take and throw a newly acquired fish into your aquarium; it may experience shock. You need to attach the bag with the new fish to the glass of the aquarium, set the aeration to low and add aquarium water to the bag every 10-15 minutes. After an hour and a half, you can pour the water from the bag into the sink and put the fish in the aquarium. For better adaptation of new fish, it is advisable to add a special anti-stress drug to the aquarium.
What does an incorrect table of contents lead to?
The third fairly common reason is various diseases. But it is worth noting that the disease option should be considered only when the likelihood of clogging or maladaptation is excluded. And here we need to make a reservation that fish get sick due to decreased immunity caused by unfavorable conditions. If one of your fish has died, or a pestilence has begun, you need to consult with an expert who is not interested in selling expensive medicines. To prevent diseases, take proper care of your fish, and place sick and recently acquired imported fish in quarantine. Finally, you should list the unfavorable factors that can negatively affect the health of your fish, which can lead to death. These factors include tap water, broken winter time heater, lack of oxygen, and finally, aggression from other fish.
Video on the topic
Parrot fish belong to the cichlid family. Quite often this type of fish can be found in our aquariums. West Africa is the birthplace of parrot aquarium fish. The male at home reaches a length of no more than seven centimeters, the female grows up to five centimeters.
The male of this species of fish breeds only one pair, so it is recommended to raise future breeders in a separate aquarium, the volume of which should not be less than forty liters. Select ten fry there. If you don’t want to plant them separately, then it’s better to keep them during the spawning period of parrots with species that live in upper layers water - this will help avoid potential clashes. The fish are ready to reproduce at approximately one year of age. Males, when ready, find a mate and look for a suitable shelter. They won't let anyone in anymore. The water temperature to stimulate spawning should be no higher than 28 degrees. During the breeding season, a female parrot fish lays about 300 eggs, their color is reddish-chestnut. The fish first prepare special shelters for the larvae after hatching. These shelters look like holes. After five days, the young begin to swim little by little and feed on plankton.
Tip 7: How does the aquarium fish Zebrafish reproduce: conditions
Getting offspring of the aquarium fish zebrafish is not difficult even for a novice aquarist. Despite the fact that this is not a viviparous fish, but one that lays eggs, it will take a little time and expense: a small horizontal aquarium, several plants, pebbles and two weeks of patience.
Danios are small, peaceful, schooling fish of the carp family. In nature, they live in flowing or stagnant bodies of water in Asia. They can even live in flooded rice fields. They are not demanding in terms of living conditions and are suitable for beginners. Aquarium zebrafish grow up to 5 cm long and have an oblong body. The color comes in various shades - from whitish to silver, golden, pinkish, depending on the color of the close longitudinal stripes on a clear background. Danios are omnivores. They usually live in aquariums for 2 years, occasionally 4-5 years.
Preparing the spawning area
Zebrafish are small, so a horizontal glass container with a volume of 3-5 liters each is suitable as a spawning ground. 3-4 plants are laid out at the bottom, which are pressed down with smooth pebbles. Settled water at a temperature of 24-25°C is poured into the container. Zebrafish reach maturity at 4-10 months. For better spawning, experts recommend changing up to 20% of the water in the aquarium all day a week before. Fresh water should be settled and have a cool temperature - about 20 ° C. After this, 3 days before spawning, it is best to place the females and males in different aquariums. Females are distinguished from male zebrafish by a more rounded abdomen and more distinct stripes on the back. During this period, the fish are vigorously fed with high-calorie food, say, bloodworms or bark. On a certain day, the spawning ground is transferred to a well-lit place and one female with an obviously thickened abdomen at the anus and two or three energetic male zebrafish are placed in it.
Zebrafish Reproduction
After landing the fish, spawning occurs the next morning, at dawn, or a day later. It's fascinating to watch how the males begin to chase the female and chase her around each spawning area, striking directly at the belly of the fish. Thus, they stimulate it to release eggs, which are fertilized here. The eggs settle little by little, over about an hour, and attach to the bottom of the spawning ground. After the end of spawning, the zebrafish are transferred to a public aquarium. Pebbles are removed from the bottom of the spawning area so that the plants float to the surface. At the bottom, transparent egg balls are clearly visible. After 3-5 days, fish emerge from the eggs. They grow quite richly. The young are fed ciliates, “live dust,” and special food for fry. A female zebrafish lays up to 400 eggs, but no more than 100 fry survive to adulthood. Within a week the female is ready to spawn again.
Video on the topic
Goldfish are a type of freshwater crucian carp. They are very famous among aquarium fish lovers. However, not all of those who keep a goldfish care for it properly, although it is not at all difficult to do this.
Aquarium
There is a large variety of breeds related to the type of goldfish, say, “Ryukin”, “Lionhead”, “Vualehvost”, etc. Some of these fish reach 25 - 30 cm in length, so if you decide to have similar fish, be prepared for the fact that you will need a fairly large aquarium with a capacity of 100 to 200 liters. This size of the aquarium is needed so that the fish can live as long as possible. Small aquariums quickly accumulate ammonia, which causes the death of fish. When choosing soil for an aquarium, remember that goldfish often burrow into it in search of food, this can cause pieces of stones to get into their mouths. If you keep these fish, it is advisable to fill the aquarium with large stones or very fine sand. Neither one nor the other will cause damage to the fish. Wherever you get the soil, you need to rinse it thoroughly before putting it into the aquarium. This also applies to special soil, the kind that you can buy in specialized stores. Be sure to place real aquatic plants in the aquarium. They will help effectively fight ammonia and other harmful substances that accumulate in it over time. Also ensure there is sufficient light from the lamps. Goldfish on average require about 12 hours of light per day. To keep goldfish healthy, the aquarium must be equipped with a water filter. It will help keep the water as clean as possible and prevent fish from getting sick from harmful impurities, say, from rotten food particles.
Habitat care
Regularly test the water for the presence of ammonia; its level should always be at zero. In addition, the table of contents of goldfish imposes certain restrictions on the ph level of the water, make sure that this indicator is in the range from 6 to 8. Be diligent in regularly cleaning the aquarium from harmful particles that are not removed by the filter, do this at least once once a week. If you do not drain the water to replace it, be careful not to remove the fish from the aquarium; use a vacuum pump to clean it. If you change the water, transfer the fish with the help of a container, do not use a net for this. Always prepare the water for the aquarium properly; use special aquarium conditioners for this; they help bring the water to the desired state. Never use clean drinking water, it will lack many of the useful substances these fish need.
Feeding and illness
Note!
If the spawning is successful, then you need to remember that goldfish can eat their offspring. Consequently, immediately after spawning, they need to be transplanted into a fish tank. It should be equipped with a filter and air supply, and differ from an aquarium only in its smaller volume.
Helpful advice
It is best to keep goldfish at temperatures no higher than 24 degrees.
Everyone wants to know the gender of their goldfish, unless of course the goldfish are purely for decorative purposes. True goldfish lovers usually want to produce offspring from them, and this is where gender determination becomes especially important. There are several ways to determine the sex of goldfish.
During the spawning season, male goldfish are easier to identify than females. Males develop tubercles or white bumps, growths along the pectoral fins and gill covers. In addition, the male develops jagged teeth on the paired front fins, the so-called “saw”. Females become slightly asymmetrical, especially in the abdominal area. They look bloated.
Photo of the structure of a goldfish 
Photo of a male goldfish
The photo clearly shows the tubercles that cast the Golden male from the female.
At the end of the spawning period and after several seasons of spawning, some males have a hard chest area. This condition is quite difficult to determine, so those who are not capable of this can only console themselves with the knowledge that not many can distinguish a female goldfish from a male.
Here are a few more ways to determine the sex of a goldfish, but even they are useless, if the fish is not at least a year old*, that is, if the fish has not reached sexual maturity.
1. Males have a growth that extends through the back of the pelvic fin to the anus. In females this growth is either completely absent or much smaller.
2. In females, the area between the ventral and anal fins is soft, while in males it is hard.
3. Although it is difficult to see, the anus of females is round and convex, while the anus of males is thinner and concave.
4. The male's pelvic fins are pointed, while the female's pelvic fins are round and shorter.
5. The color of females is brighter and they are more active. This method will undoubtedly help to distinguish the female.
6. You can introduce a female goldfish into the aquarium and observe the reaction of the other goldfish. The males will swim up to the new fish, but the females will not show interest.
Here's another photo of male and female goldfish
photo male goldfish Oranda male goldfish Telescope
Photo of a female Telescope goldfish
photo of female goldfish Veiltail
photo of male and female goldfish Koi carp
Useful video on how to determine the gender of a goldfish - male or female, boy or girl :)
* Don’t be surprised if in a pet store, when buying goldfish, when you ask, give a male and a female, they will tell you that this is not possible! Sexual differences in the goldfish family appear only with the onset of maturity, i.e. after 1 year.
Oranda - little red cap fish
Appearance
The difference between a male and a female
The sexual characteristics of these fish are weakly expressed, and it is unlikely to be possible to determine the sex of a particular individual with a 100% guarantee before spawning. Males are usually slightly smaller than females, and during the breeding season they have white spots on their heads.
Orandas are long-lived and, if properly maintained, live in an aquarium for up to 15 years, growing up to 24 cm.
Compatibility with other fish
Features of behavior
Feeding
Oranda - fish with a headdress
Description
Feeding
Compatibility
Breeding
The aquarium red cap becomes sexually mature by 1.5 years. For breeding, individuals from 2 years old are selected. Oranda breeding is best done in spring time, when the belly of the females begins to fill with eggs, and the males stay at the ovipositor. You will need a container of at least 50 liters with a temperature of 23°-24°C. The female and a pair of males are pre-seated for 2 weeks and fed with live food. A smooth substrate, a protective net and plants are placed in the spawning tank. Spawning begins early in the morning and lasts several hours. The number of eggs depends on the health and maturity of the female; usually these prolific fish lay from 2 thousand eggs.
After spawning, the producers need to be removed. It is also necessary to inspect the eggs and remove cloudy and whitish ones. Incubation period lasts 2-3 days. The starting food for swimming fry is live dust. As the fry grow older, they are sorted to avoid eating smaller and weaker fish. The fry are also fed rotifers and special goldfish food. The fry are born with yellow caps and grow slowly. You can achieve a red tint on the cap with special food to improve the color and with coloring injections.
Black How to distinguish a female from a male fish:: aquarium fish analysis:: Aquarium fish
Distinguish fish It’s not easy based on gender. This can only be done visually, but even in this case, the result may be unreliable. It’s much easier to ask the seller right away when purchasing. But even the person selling fish does not always know who is male and who is female. Try to make a comparative analysis of individuals by their appearance.
Question: “Opened a pet store. Business is not going well. What to do? » - 2 answers
Instructions
1. Determining the sex of a fish by size is quite difficult. Females are not always smaller than males. During the period of preparation for spawning, an increase in the size of the abdomen is observed in females, while in males everything remains the same.
2. It is worth paying attention to their color. Males have bright color, females, on the contrary, more often have a nondescript appearance.
3. The fins and tail of males are usually longer than those of females. The color is bright and rich. Sometimes changes in the color of the fins are noticeable during the spawning period. At this time, they become even brighter and additional pigmentation appears.
The fin color of females remains unchanged.
4. If you can't tell the difference male from a female, but you see a visual difference in their structure, then most likely you have fish of different sexes and, perhaps, offspring will appear in the near future. If there are no differences, then contact a pet store. Consult a specialist and buy another fish.
How to distinguish a female molly:: how to grow molly:: Aquarium fish
Mollies- These are aquarium fish of the poeciliaceae family. IN wildlife different kinds Mollies live in water bodies of Mexico, Colombia, America, and Mexico. Males and female mollies are distinguished by the shape of their anal fin. Females have a more round body shape and are viviparous, i.e. They do not spawn, but give birth to live fry.
Instructions
1. Males differ from females in the shape, size and structure of their fins.
2. Males are usually smaller than females and reach only 8 cm in length, while females can be up to 12 cm.
3. Males have a more elongated body, in contrast to the rounded body of females.
4. Male mollies are distinguished by the presence of a tubular-shaped anal fin - gonopodium. This fin is a reproductive organ and is located under the abdomen of the fish.
5. It is believed that mollies are quite capricious in their maintenance. They require significant aquarium volumes (at least 6 liters per pair of adults), clean, clear, oxygen-rich water with weekly changes.
6. To be able to reproduce, it is necessary to provide a lot of food in the aquarium. open areas, as well as many thickets and snags for shelter. In addition, mollies are heat-loving (water temperature 25-30o C). Sea or table salt (2-3 g per liter) must be added to fresh water.
7. A mollies aquarium should be well lit most times of the day. Natural sunlight is also necessary.
8. Mollies They eat everything; their food can be live, plant-based or dry. Be sure to have various herbal supplements. These fish live up to 5 years, so even the most inexperienced aquarists are advised to breed them.
9. Female mollies are viviparous, i.e. They do not spawn, but give birth to live fry.
Sexual maturity occurs at 1 year. Females and males can be kept in the same tank until the female becomes pregnant.
10. Then it should be removed male from the aquarium so that it does not irritate the female. After 35-45 days, the female will be able to bear her first offspring. For the first time, a female can give birth to up to 30 fry. Labor can last several hours.
11. After giving birth to fry, some females look round because they contain fertilized eggs in the womb, which then develop into new fry. So, in a month she will again be able to give birth to another batch of small mollies. The female can give birth 5-6 times. Then she should be placed with the male again.
note
When buying a fish, pay attention to whether its anal fin ends in a brush. Often, industrial hybrids of mollies and guppies - guppinesia - are sold under the guise of luxurious mollies. These fish are sterile.
Helpful advice
After your female molly has given birth, examine her carefully. If the fish still looks round, do not rush to put it back into the community aquarium. Most likely, there are still fertilized eggs in her womb, and in a month she will give birth to another batch of fry.
Goldfish are a decoration for any aquarium. Some people think that caring for them is very simple, but in fact there are several nuances that require special study. One of these issues is reproduction. How to find out floor this type of aquarium fish?
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Instructions
1. Goldfish reach floor reaches maturity only at two years of age. Before this time, do not try to identify them floor, this is practically impossible. However, there were cases when ideal conditions content and diet rich in proteins, males matured to floor morning years. These fish do not develop well in small rooms, so the volume of the aquarium should be at least one hundred liters.
2. Observe the fish during the maturation period. At this time, the females’ bodies take on a rounded shape, and the males remain lean. It is at this time that you can notice the first differences in the structure gold fish miscellaneous floor A.
3. Using a magnifying glass, examine the front paired fins. In mature males, you can see characteristic notches on them, reminiscent of a saw with small teeth. By this feature one can distinguish floor fish not even during the mating season, but only in floor density of mature individuals.
4. At the beginning of spring floor Mature goldfish enter the period of courtship and mating games. Males begin to differ very much from females in behavior. They are very active, chasing females throughout the aquarium, vigorously and passionately courting. After watching the mating game, you can easily distinguish floor their pets.
5. Also, by carefully examining the head of the fish through a magnifying glass, you will notice another main sign of a male. White tubercles appear on the head and gill covers during the spawning period. The main thing is not to confuse them with signs of ichthyophthyriosis - a disease gold fish, in which a white coating appears on the fins, somewhat similar to semolina. Spawning signs appear only during the breeding season.
6. After spawning, be sure to plant fish into a previously prepared reserve reservoir. This is done to prevent aquarium inhabitants from eating their offspring. The sedimentation tank, just like the main reservoir, must be equipped with a filter and a supply of clean air.
Video on the topic
❶ How to find out the sex of a fish:: how to determine the sex of a fish:: Aquarium fish
It is not always easy for a novice aquarist to navigate such a colorful and incomprehensible world of exotic fish. What to feed, how to properly maintain it, and what to do if the fish get sick or decide to have offspring? Of course, one of the main questions of concern to novice hobbyists is how to distinguish males from females. Let's learn some of the tricks of the trade.
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Instructions
1. Take a close look at your players. In some fish, sexual dimorphism is very clearly expressed, so distinguishing boys from girls is not difficult. However, if you have no idea what exactly distinguishes ladies from gentlemen, external differences Although the fish will be noticeable to you, they will not give you any information. When breeding guppies, many people think that it is not so easy to distinguish a male from a female. It's a delusion. Take a close look at the fish's anal fin. If it is pointed, you are looking at a boy, but if it is rounded, you are looking at a girl. By this sign, by the way, it is possible to determine the sex of fish even before the onset of puberty, when, apart from the anal fin, males and females are practically no different. When the fish grow up, characteristic feature boys get a beautiful mottled tail and dorsal fin. Females, on the contrary, remain inconspicuous and gray, their caudal fins are much shorter and not so bright.
2. Pay attention to the shape of the anal fin. Not all aquarium fish have such a noticeable difference between the sexes. Guppies' relatives, mollies, have neither bright tails nor spots. Both males and females have a uniform black color and look alike, almost like two peas in a pod. Observation and a keen eye will help you here. Mollies also differ in their anal fins. In females they are rounded, and in males they have a pronounced peak-shaped shape. Some species of mollies even have an elongated and slightly curved anal fin, so that a boy can always be distinguished from the general crowd by it.
3. Look at the size of the fish. Often females are slightly larger than males, and in some species of fish this difference is quite noticeable. Of course, you shouldn’t focus on just one size, since pet stores often sell fish from different litters. That is why it is necessary to pay attention to other signs. In neons, for example, the stripe on the female’s abdomen has a slight break, slightly bending in the middle. Males have a completely straight back, and the stripe on their body is parallel to the horizon. If you decide to separate males from females in a school of zebrafish, also pay attention to their size and the location of the stripes. Females are larger, and the stripes on their abdomen are slightly blurred. Males have a more toned figure and even stripes.
note
Before you go to a pet store or market to buy fish, study specialized literature and acquire at least approximate knowledge about the differences between the sexes. Unfortunately, sellers often deceive gullible buyers by selling them fish of the same sex.
Helpful advice
In viviparous fish, females already in the store may have an expanded abdomen, by which they can be very easily distinguished from males.
❶ How to find out the gender of aquarium fish:: Breeding
Determining the sex of fish is difficult, since in some cases females look the same as males. And if you don’t know the characteristics that are characteristic of a given breed, then it’s completely impossible. But you can still try to distinguish them, especially if this is very important to you.
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Contact the seller if you are just planning to buy fish. Typically, such stores are sold by people who more or less understand fish. If they cannot explain to you who is male and who is female, then it is better to contact another zoological store.
Compare the shape and size of the fish. Often, females are somewhat larger than the opposite sex, as they bear future offspring. But there are also exceptions. If your fish have at least some visual differences, it means that fry will appear soon. Monitor your fish periodically. If some suddenly begin to increase in size and the abdomen becomes rounded, it is most likely that these are females. You just have to wait a little to determine the sex of your aquarium fish.
Pay attention to the color of the aquarium fish. Typically, the color scheme of males is brighter and more saturated - by this you can determine the sex of aquarium fish. Females in most cases have an outstanding appearance. But all this depends solely on the type of fish, so you may be wrong.
The fins and tail of males are somewhat longer and brighter. Their color may change during the mating season: various inclusions and additional pigmentation appear. This makes them more attractive to females. After spawning, the opposite changes occur.
Purchase special literature about this breed of fish. In the book you can read in detail about the characteristic sex differences. If you don't know what species your aquarium pets belong to, check their name in the store. It is usually indicated on aquariums.
If you still cannot accurately determine the sex of the fish, but you notice a number of differences, then just wait for an increase. Some species of fish do not visually differ in gender, so do not be upset if exactly identical individuals swim in the aquarium. It is possible that they are of different sexes.