The manifestation of pain in the lower abdomen most often forces women to consult a gynecologist to determine the causes of such symptoms. AND aching pain lower abdomen, and sharp pain the lower abdomen is equally alarming, especially if it hurts severely and for a long time.

However, very severe pain in the groin area may also indicate the manifestation of neurological or surgical pathologies. Therefore, both sharp cutting and dull aching pain in this part of the abdomen is a reason to immediately visit a doctor and undergo a full diagnosis.

Pain in the lower abdomen in women on the right and left

When determining the causes of pain in the lower abdomen in women, doctors divide them into two conditional groups. The reasons why a woman’s lower abdomen hurts may be organic And functional .

Organic causes of pain and cramping in women

• diseases of the genital area in women (, ovarian apoplexy , uterine fibroids , ovarian cyst , torsion of the pedicle of an ovarian cyst , );
• discomfort and pain associated with use intrauterine device ;
• acute surgical pathology, diseases of the gallbladder, urinary system (,);
• dull, cutting, pulling and other types of pain associated with (threat of miscarriage, colic after medical abortion, premature placental abruption).

Functional reasons

• disturbances of the monthly cycle ( dysfunctional uterine bleeding , algomenorrhea );
• pain when ovulation ;
• stagnation of blood that is released during menstruation ( hematometer , ).

It should be noted that pain in the lower abdomen can have a different character. It can be sharp, sharp, aching. Sometimes it is accompanied by bloating and severe discomfort in the lower back. In some cases, during sexual contact, a woman feels discomfort immediately after the act.

It is important to determine as quickly as possible what is causing spasms in women in this area. The causes of spasms will be determined by the gynecologist or referred to the appropriate specialist.

With diseases of the genitourinary system, pain in the lower abdomen may occur in women on the left. If a woman has pain in the left lower abdomen, the causes of this condition may be a number of diseases that manifest themselves as pulling, stabbing, aching pain. First of all, sharp pain and bloating may indicate intestinal diseases. Sometimes it hurts in the left side even after overeating or consuming low-quality food. It must be taken into account that one of the kidney diseases can manifest itself in this way. Pulling in the left side also occurs with a number of diseases of the reproductive system. But if there is pain or tension in the left side, a doctor must determine the reasons. Only a specialist clearly understands and determines what is located in the lower left abdomen of women.

The cause of discomfort can also be neurological diseases, in which the pain usually pulsates and shoots.

It happens that pain in the lower abdomen is associated with hypothermia – for example, a woman may suffer from such sensations after her feet are frozen, etc.

Pain in the lower abdomen on the right in women can also be different. Often aching, nagging pain can be associated with diseases of the intestines, kidneys, during attacks, acute. The specialist clearly understands what is on the right and, accordingly, the pathologies of which organs may occur.

Inflammation of the appendages and uterus

If the uterus or appendage becomes inflamed, the disease begins acutely: the temperature rises and pain is noted in the lower abdomen. If a woman has pain in the lower abdomen on the left or right - on either side. When There is aching or sharp pain and burning in the middle. If a woman consults a doctor with complaints of pain on the left or right side, the specialist will conduct a vaginal examination. In case of inflammation of the appendages, pasty appendages with sharp pain are noted. If there are complaints that it hurts in the middle, and there is a suspicion of endometritis, a softened and enlarged uterus can be felt, which can hurt on palpation.

Severe pain in the left side of the lower abdomen, as well as on the right or in the middle, is observed during the acute course of these ailments. With chronic endometritis and adnexitis, the pain is aching, dull. There is heaviness in the area of ​​the appendages; upon palpation, the sensitivity of the uterus is determined. If you press in the lower abdomen and then quickly release, the pain will be stronger when you release. Sometimes a woman complains that her rectum hurts.

With such diseases, a woman may feel that there is pain in the intestines in the left lower abdomen and stabbing pain, or that throbbing pain develops precisely there. But it is possible to determine exactly why it hurts on the left only through research. Men should also see a doctor, because only a specialist can determine why pain develops in the lower left abdomen in men.

When prescribing treatment for inflammation of the appendages and uterus, the doctor prescribes infusion therapy, vitamins, and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Endometriosis

When manifested endometriosis the uterus, appendages, and also the retrocervical space are affected. This disease is characterized by the spread outside the uterus of cells that look like. As a rule, in this condition, pain in the lower back and lower abdomen appears before menstruation and increases during menstruation.

If it develops endometriosis of the uterus , it hurts, pulls and stings in the middle below.

During development endometriosis of the appendages aches in the part where the groin area is identified.

At retrocervical endometriosis - behind the pubis.

Painful sensations become more intense when there is a pronounced adhesive process in the pelvis. But with endometriosis, the menstrual cycle is also disrupted, the nature of menstruation changes, and it develops.

In this condition, a woman sometimes thinks that the cause of the spasms is that her intestines hurt. A specialist must determine exactly what may be hurting and make a diagnosis. Endometriosis is treated hormonally, sometimes surgery is necessary.

Ovarian apoplexy

Apoplexy , that is, hemorrhage in the ovarian tissue, develops in women between menstruation.

This disease appears after ovulation. When it breaks follicle , damage to the ovarian vessels occurs, resulting in bleeding into the abdominal cavity and into the ovary. This can happen after an act, after physical activity. With intra-abdominal bleeding, a woman suffers severe bursting pain in the lower abdomen in the place where the damaged ovary is located. Also noted posthemorrhagic anemia , in which the pressure decreases, the skin turns pale, and the woman loses consciousness. In this condition, you need to urgently undergo surgery.

Uterine fibroids

Nagging pain in the lower abdomen is observed when uterine fibroids if the tumor reaches a large size and compresses organs that are located nearby. In this case, the stomach aches and stings, and there is a dull, nagging pain. During development submucosal myomatous node the pain is stabbing, cramping. Bleeding also develops. In such cases, surgical intervention is necessary.

Torsion of the pedicle of an ovarian cyst

This condition can develop as a result of sharp turns, bends, or physical exertion. Why the pain at the bottom in this case is explained simply: if the leg is twisted 90 degrees, the outflow of venous blood is disrupted, and swelling of the cyst develops. In this case, only a doctor can accurately confirm the reasons why a woman’s lower abdomen is aching.

If a 360-degree torsion occurs, arterial blood does not enter the cyst and, as a result, the pain is sharp, cutting, and sometimes shooting. There is also a picture of an “acute” abdomen: on the side where the cyst is enlarged, severe pain and spasm develop, the woman feels nauseous, and vomiting begins. The temperature rises, the lower back ache. This condition can develop regardless of the menstrual cycle: both in the middle of the cycle and during menstruation.

What should you do if a woman develops this condition? The answer is clear: emergency treatment is necessary - removal of the cyst, while the leg does not untwist.

Appendicitis

The causes of spasms may also be associated with an attack appendicitis . It should be taken into account that this disease begins with an increase in temperature and pain, which is first felt in the epigastrium, and then in the iliac region. In addition, there is intoxication, weakness, vomiting, sometimes diarrhea, and loss of appetite.

The pain in the iliac region is sharp, however, its intensity can vary - sometimes it is constant, sometimes it is intermittent pain. It starts in the center, gradually shifts to the right side, intensifies when moving, when coughing, when a person changes body position.

At the very beginning of the development of such symptoms, it is important to consult a doctor, since without timely surgical intervention it is possible peritonitis and then death.

It is important to note that the symptoms of appendicitis can easily be confused with signs of other diseases. It seems that pain in the intestines, bloating, stomach diseases, neurological ailments, and premenstrual colic appear. In some cases, stabbing pain is noted after eating due to overeating. The causes of lower abdominal pain in men may also be associated with urological diseases. Therefore, the abdomen must be palpated by a specialist.

Cholecystitis

More often gallbladder inflammation occurs if there are stones in it. The course of the disease is acute - there is a stabbing pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, the temperature rises, the person feels nauseous, and is bothered by itchy skin as a consequence of increased inflammation. It hurts in the right groin in women, in the lower abdomen, in the right hypochondrium, it radiates to other organs: the back hurts, it radiates to the lower back. The discomfort becomes more pronounced after eating.

For cholecystitis, the doctor prescribes a diet and medications that activate the flow of bile. If the stones are large, there is no other treatment method other than surgery.

Pyelonephritis, cystitis

The causes of such ailments are associated with infection in the urinary tract. With an inflammatory process in the bladder, acute pain develops in the groin area, which becomes more acute when urination occurs.

Sometimes it is very difficult for a woman to pee, since this process cuts a lot.

At pyelonephritis the lower abdomen and lower back hurt, as a rule, it radiates to the lower back and periodically pulls the lower back. Your back may hurt. The temperature also rises, sometimes nausea and diarrhea appear. But the most pronounced problems are with urination: women complain that at this time there is a cutting sensation in the lower abdomen. And often the complaint sounds like this: “I periodically pee when I sit down, I cough, it bothers me, if I tensed up, lifted something heavy, or when I pressed.” Laboratory tests reveal inflammatory urine tests.

Both pyelonephritis and cystitis are treated with antibiotics, as well as nitrofuran drugs

Pregnancy ectopic

When a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterine cavity (this could be the ovary, abdominal cavity, fallopian tube). In this condition, a woman with a tubal abortion experiences periodic pain in the groin area. Paroxysmal pain, as before or during menstruation. If a pipe ruptures, the pain will be acute. In this case, pain radiates to the vagina, is felt in the rectum, in the supraclavicular region. During an attack, bleeding may occur. With an ectopic pregnancy, menstruation is delayed and the pregnancy test is positive.

In this condition there is a pronounced intra-abdominal bleeding , therefore surgery must be performed immediately.

Pain before, during and after menstruation

Before menstruation

Sometimes pain in women and girls begins to appear already in the middle of the cycle. Before menstruation, stomach ache when algodismenorrhea . Most often, this condition is observed in young girls, due to the establishment of hormonal levels and the development and growth of the genital organs.

The lower abdomen in girls and women before menstruation may also hurt due to other reasons. The following reasons are possible:

• endometriosis ;
• bend of the uterus;
• inflammation of the pelvic organs;

If you feel pain like during menstruation, but do not have menstruation, and this happens regularly, you need to consult a doctor with such complaints.

During menstruation

Due to the same reasons, girls and women often suffer from severe pain during menstruation. Sometimes the lower abdomen just pulls and ache, but in some cases, menstruation can be very painful. Some women complain that it hurts so much that it prevents them from working fully.

Why such sensations develop during menstruation should be determined by a gynecologist.

• Often the reason for this is underdevelopment of the uterus , its incorrect position, inflammation of the genital organs, high level of central nervous system excitability.
• It often hurts severely during menstruation in nulliparous women.
• Also, a similar condition is observed when using intrauterine contraceptives, which occurs due to the fact that there is a foreign body in the uterus.
• During menstruation, sometimes the lower abdomen hurts in the first time after, in the first months when menstrual flow appears after.
• Secondary algodismenorrhea is diagnosed in the presence of fibromatous nodes, inflammatory processes, after undergoing abdominal and gynecological operations.

After menstruation

Only a specialist after an examination can accurately answer the question of why the lower abdomen hurts after menstruation. But most often the causes of such manifestations are associated with endometriosis of the uterus (as a consequence of increased blood circulation in the organ). In this case, your lower back may hurt. If endometrial tissue grows, the ovaries may hurt. If the ovary hurts on the right, the reasons may also be related to endometriosis.

The reasons for such sensations may also be associated with an increase in the size of the endometrioid cyst after menstruation. Discomfort also manifests itself in chronic endometritis. However, you can find out exactly why the lower abdomen feels tight after menstruation only after a special study.

Pain in the lower abdomen during ovulation

Many women are interested in why when ovulation does the lower abdomen hurt and can such a condition be dangerous? As a rule, such sensations develop in the middle of the cycle and do not cause too much discomfort. Women note that their stomach aches as before menstruation. Immediately after ovulation, the lower abdomen and lower back feel tight. Sometimes minor discharge appears in the form of a few drops of blood. During ovulation, as a rule, pain occurs on the sides: left or right. Unpleasant sensations develop in the corner in which the ovary “works” in a given cycle. Less common is aching pain or stabbing in the middle.

This is mainly a physiological phenomenon that does not require treatment. There are rarely complaints that the pain is severe, throbbing, cutting. It makes sense to ask a gynecologist why your stomach hurts during ovulation if this condition occurs regularly and causes significant discomfort.

After sexual intercourse, some women experience unpleasant feelings. This often happens at night. Why and what can hurt depends on many factors.

Often, if in this case the lower abdomen pulls, the reasons may be related to frustration , that is, with moral dissatisfaction. Why the lower abdomen feels tight after sexual intercourse, only a doctor can determine for sure. You can ignore this symptom if this happens rarely in women and the pain is mild. By the way, men can also have a stomach ache after sexual intercourse. And some women claim that they felt pain during conception. But if there is constant pulling on the right or left, you should definitely contact a gynecologist.

Why can women have pain in the lower abdomen and what causes it?

• adnexitis And endometritis in chronic form;
• adhesive pelvic disease ;
• endometriosis , and tumor , seal ;
• chronic ;
• diseases of infectious origin ;
• vaginal dryness (due to insufficient arousal, with menopause );
• damage due to very rough sexual contact.

In medicine, pain that occurs at different stages of sexual intercourse is called dyspareunia . The pain can be different - sometimes a woman complains that there is pressure, tugging, burning, tingling in the groin area.

Is it possible when The manifestation of pain depends on the intensity of the disease. Thrush is an infectious disease that causes discharge, which can cause discomfort. In this case, the woman is bothered by itching - itching in the genital area, as well as discomfort in the lower abdomen.

Drawing and later sharp pain on the left or right when pregnancy may worry if there is a threat of miscarriage, so if a woman is pregnant and has a stomach ache like before her period during pregnancy, you should immediately find out what is causing it.

If there is a threat of miscarriage, cutting, stabbing, pulling pains appear as a consequence of uterine contractions up to 22 weeks of pregnancy. A woman complains that her back ache, sometimes spotting appears, like during menstruation. Whether the stomach can hurt, how severe the pain is, depends on the woman’s condition.

However, during pregnancy almost everyone experiences periodic pain on the right side or pain on the left side. And such aching pains are often associated with the growth and development of the fetus. But still, if a woman has a delay in menstruation and suspects pregnancy, it is better to ask a specialist whose specialty is gynecology about why the lower abdomen hurts.

Pain during pregnancy can be divided into two groups.

Sharp cutting pain may be a symptom spontaneous abortion . But if the left side hurts during late pregnancy, this does not always mean that some problems are manifesting themselves.

The right or left side, as well as the lower abdomen, may pull due to the following phenomena:

Even if a woman has a slight delay, but she strives to maintain the pregnancy, if such feelings occur, she needs to consult a doctor. Those who are already in the middle of pregnancy should also be attentive to such symptoms.

It is imperative to tell a specialist about various discomfort sensations in the abdomen - if the abdomen becomes numb, the legs are cramped, the back hurts badly, etc. The longer such sensations continue, the more dangerous this condition can be.

Therefore, every woman interested in having a healthy baby should be conscious of her health and carefully “listen” to her body.

Pain syndrome is an indicator of a disorder present in the body. The field of gynecology is no exception. Women experience unpleasant sensations due to inflammation, an infectious or tumor process, or damage. Only a doctor can find out the cause of deterioration in health. Only after the prescribed examination and the results obtained, it becomes clear what to do if a woman’s lower abdomen hurts, how to help her and what methods to stop the underlying pathology.

In gynecological practice, one type of pain syndrome can manifest itself in over a dozen pathologies. They are similar in clinical manifestations, sometimes causing the need to take an analgesic to improve the condition.

The most common cause of lower abdominal discomfort in women is related to menstruation. The painful period is complicated by the pressure of the bladder on the uterus. Potentially aggravating the patient's condition:

• being in a stressful environment
• empty stomach cramps
• drinking alcohol or strong coffee on an empty stomach
• intimacy
• lifting weights
• insomnia caused by unpleasant sensations

Discomfort is felt with intestinal overcrowding, constipation and subsequent complications (for example, colon diverticulosis). Abdominal pain in women in the 2-3 trimester of pregnancy is explained by stretching of the abdominal muscles. Factors that provoke pain in the lower abdomen include pathologies of the genitourinary system, pelvic organs, and malignant neoplasms.

These include inflammation of the uterus, ovaries, vagina, and fallopian tubes. Particularly dangerous conditions are included in the definition of “acute abdomen”.

The following pathologies cause pain and serious health consequences:

1. Ovarian cyst. Intra-abdominal rupture of this neoplasm is accompanied by unbearable pain, often with loss of consciousness. Until emergency hospitalization, it is advisable to limit physical activity, which will help stop bleeding.
2. Torsion of the uterine appendages. Diagnosed exclusively in women of reproductive age. Changing their position on the capillary base, torsions destabilize blood flow and cause acute pain with variable intensity. Accompanied by vomiting and nausea. Often, a dermoid active teratoma of the ovary is subsequently discovered. Dermoid consists of compacted connective tissue of a round shape with a mucous consistency inside. It is an indication for cystectomy, in the worst case – for wedge resection or oophorectomy.
3. Chronic adnexitis, genital prolapse, preserved ovary syndrome. They cause dull, recurrent pain symptoms.
4. Benign neoplasms in the muscular lining of the uterus: endometriosis of all histological varieties, fibroids. Compression of adjacent internal organs and pathological processes of the cyst itself cause symptoms of fibromyoma. Non-cancerous myometrial tumors cause the formation of secondary dysmenorrhea. With it, pain becomes systematic. Otherwise, the pain becomes unbearable, causing loss of ability to work and the need for emergency hospitalization.

In addition to pain in the lower abdomen, the above pathologies are accompanied by discharge, elevated body temperature, and fatigue. The diagnosis is confirmed by blood and urine tests: high levels of leukocyte volume indicate the presence of inflammatory processes.

Pregnancy and its complications

Pain is contrary to the full health of mother and child during pregnancy. It is necessary to differentiate your own sensations, determine the irradiation of discomfort that may arise during the development of:

• Ectopic pregnancy. If the pain is strong, cramping, up to loss of consciousness, with localization at a specific point and minor discharge. This condition is characterized by a sharp drop in blood pressure. There is a risk of rupture of the fallopian tube from 7 to 12 weeks, when pain spreads under the ribs or to the anus.
• Threatened miscarriage. If the pain is aching in nature, radiating to the lower back, lasts for several hours, accompanied by bloody discharge. In case of sudden attacks, the patient must be hospitalized immediately. Premature termination can be triggered by stressful situations, various types of trauma, physical activity, and fetal diseases.
• Flatulence, constipation or megacolon, if frequent pain in the lower abdomen is preceded by an incorrect diet. The diagnosis is confirmed by nausea or heartburn, vein thrombosis in the rectal areas. Such conditions prevent the full development of pregnancy, so it is recommended to carefully optimize the diet.
• Placental abruption. If the pain is very strong, increasing, and does not allow you to take a vertical position of the body. The lower abdomen is tense, and the risk of intrauterine hypoxia and subsequent death of the child is high. In this case, immediate medical attention is required.
• One of the pathologies from the “acute abdomen” group (pancreatitis, appendicitis) with the need for immediate medical intervention.

Natural pain, in which the health of the mother and child is not threatened, develops in the early stages of pregnancy, when the belly grows. The muscles stretch, the uterus increases in size, and the internal organs shift slightly. These factors lead to some discomfort, but this should also be reported to the observing gynecologist.

Diseases of the genitourinary system are accompanied by pain above the pubic bone, radiating to the right or left side. Some tension or pressure, frequent urination, change in urine color indicate the presence of one of the diseases:

1. Cystitis. It is characterized by a false urge to urinate (there is no feeling of complete emptying), aching sensations in the lower abdomen, and, less commonly, urinary incontinence. The clinical picture is complemented by general malaise, fever, and in chronic cases there is an admixture of blood in the urine.
2. Chronic pyelonephritis. The pathology worries patients in the winter with excruciating pain in the lower abdomen and lower back. Developing discomfort, high fever, headache, fatigue, and hypertension are common causes of insomnia. Urine contains an admixture of pus.
3. Stones or sand in the bladder, kidneys (urolithiasis). Concretions grow on the inner walls and are able to move along the passage of the genitourinary system. This process causes an attack of renal colic. The pain intensifies when stones are fixed inside narrow channels. A sudden urge to urinate can occur with any increase in physical activity. But urinary retention is often observed due to blockage of the ureter by a stone.
4. Urethritis. It is an inflammation of the urethra due to the penetration of pathogenic microflora (Trichomonas, staphylococcus) into the body. The main symptom is a burning sensation when urinating, purulent discharge from the urethra.

The listed pathologies can be combined - in the absence of adequate treatment for a long time, one disease becomes the cause of the appearance of another. In this case, signs of intoxication are observed - weakness, increased body temperature, chills.

Congenital diseases of the female reproductive system entail frequent discomfort, with sharp outbreaks and fading pain. These include:

• Abnormal development of the genitals
• Complete absence of an internal organ or any part thereof
• Disproportionality of shapes and sizes of organs
• Narrowed cross-sectional diameter of a hole or channel
• Presence of unnatural formations

A woman may not be aware of some anomalies until she undergoes an ultrasound, where the presence of the feature is detected.

Inflammation of the abdominal organs

The causes of inflammation of the abdominal organs are the entry of pathogenic microflora into the blood, infection of the stagnant biological environment by them. Less commonly, movement of the pathogenic environment from other parts of the body (genitourinary, ENT organs).

A more threatening condition is total inflammation of the entire abdominal wall (peritonitis), the development of which is facilitated by:

1. Perforation of the inflamed appendix, in which immediate surgical intervention is inevitable. Diffuse pain near the navel moves to the iliac region. The condition is accompanied by leukocytosis.
2. Ulcerative lesion of the duodenum or stomach, subsequent perforation of the walls of the problem organ, entry of the contents into the abdominal cavity.
3. Violation of the integrity of the intestinal walls due to a physical puncture, if the swallowed object has sharp edges,
4. Rupture of a tumor or diverticulum (protrusion) of the intestine.
5. Infection during surgery or during the postoperative recovery period.
6. Abdominal injuries.

Pain during peritonitis does not have a specific localization; it intensifies with movement, as well as during sneezing or coughing. If proper treatment is not carried out, then the death of nerve receptors is quite likely. In this case, there will be no pain at all - this condition is caused by necrosis.

Symptoms are complemented by vomiting, nausea, lack of intestinal motility, pale and dry skin, tachycardia, and decreased blood pressure. The body position - with knees bent, pressed to the stomach - allows you to somewhat reduce discomfort. Complications include panic attacks, seizures, even loss of consciousness or coma.

Young women who have not yet given birth often have unstabilized hormonal levels. This imbalance is what causes period pain. The discrepancy between the volume of prostaglandins produced and the level of progesterone is the cause of an increased number of uterine contractions, headaches, nausea, weakness of the body, irritability, and possibly vomiting. Dysmenorrhea occurs due to hormonal imbalance. The condition causes chronic pain of a cyclical nature. Some discomfort in the first days of the cycle is considered normal.

When all organs are fully functioning, menstruation does not cause pain. The exception is cases of incorrectly installed intrauterine device. Pain in the lower abdomen that occurs in mature mothers during menstruation is a manifestation of endometriosis or inflammation of the ovaries. Emergency hospitalization is necessary in case of bleeding - then 1 pad is not enough even for an hour. Other reasons to call an ambulance are the presence of a high temperature, fever, fogginess or loss of consciousness.

Other factors

Include gastrointestinal diseases, adhesions formed after surgery, colon pathologies - ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease. Diverticulosis is more common in older patients. In addition to pain in the suprapubic region, it is accompanied by fever, bloody diarrhea, and an increased level of leukocytes in the blood.

Due to intervertebral hernia, pain may partially shift to the lower abdomen. Their development is due to the presence of impaired posture and other pathological changes in the skeletal system.

Types of pain and their symptoms

When contacting a specialist, you need to describe to him in as much detail as possible the nature of the pain that has arisen and the symptoms accompanying it. Reproduction of the clinical picture simplifies the diagnosis process.

Pulsating

They have a cramping character upon palpation and are a consequence of various deviations in the development of hollow organs and the subsequent increased load on them. They accompany an ovarian abscess, when the formed purulent masses are the source of painful pulsation.

Permanent

They are observed long-term – from 4 months and longer. They provoke neurological disorders. Mycoplasmosis or chlamydia are often detected. In medical practice, the origin of symptoms is associated with psychogenic factors.

Paroxysmal

The duration of the discomfort is at least an hour, the character ranges from cutting-pulling to sharp-aching. The condition indicates a potential ectopic pregnancy, ovarian rupture, inflammation of the appendages (adnexitis), and torsion of the cyst. Pain in the lower back. Refers to pain that requires immediate hospitalization.

Localized in a specific place in the lower abdomen

The reasons for the localization of pain in the left lower abdomen indicate diseases of the left kidney or left side of the intestine, as well as the internal genital organs:

• Diverticulitis. If detected late, it causes perforation of the sigmoid colon.
• Urolithiasis caused by the passage of stones through the urinary tract.
• Adnexitis.
• Worm infestation.
• Inflammation of the sigmoid colon.
• Inguinal hernia strangulation.
• Tubal pregnancy.
• Granulomatous enteritis.

A comprehensive examination of the entire abdominal cavity will allow the pathology to be correctly diagnosed. If the epicenter of pain is in the lower right side, there is a high probability of appendicitis. Etiology may also include: ulcerative right-sided colitis, cholecystitis, terminal ileitis, pyelonephritis, cancer, salpingitis. Less commonly – intestinal herpes, endometrial polyp, inflammation of the right ureter.

Gives to the lower back

Pelvic pain affects the sacrum, lower back, and often shifts to the vaginal area. Acute pain in the lumbar region with high fever and general weakness of the body occurs with appendicitis, megacolon, pyelonphritis, cholecystitis, rupture of an ovarian cyst or inflammation of the urethra. This condition of a woman can be caused by multiple reasons:

• gynecological
• psychogenic
• proctological
• urological
• vascular
• neurological nature

Chronic pain in the lower abdomen radiating to the lumbar region indicates the presence of a hidden disease, which must be stopped as soon as possible.

Give to the anus area

Such pain in a woman is not considered physiologically normal. They often manifest as rupture of the fallopian tube, ectopic pregnancy, and inflammation of the pelvic organs. The listed diseases require prompt medical intervention.

Natural pain

Includes the period of ovulation, menstruation, and also after childbirth (approximately 5-7 days). Some women are susceptible to psycho-emotional factors. As a consequence, the stomach may hurt, which is a neurological manifestation of vegetative-vascular syndrome.

Associated symptoms

Along with pain in the lower abdomen, the following may occur:

1. Diarrhea, vomiting, fever, which occurs with inflammation of the appendages.
2. Curdled vaginal discharge - with candidiasis, sexually transmitted diseases, long-term use of antibiotics or contraceptives. Lack of timely treatment can provoke cervical erosion.
3. High temperature is a sign of hyperthermia, characteristic of ulcerative processes, dysentery, diverticulitis, cholecystitis, even venereal diseases. An increase in temperature above 38°C is an indicator of septic infection of the body. The condition occurs with peritonitis, apoplexy of an ovarian cyst, rupture of the abdominal aorta or fallopian tubes.

Hypothermia within 34-35°C is a harbinger of internal bleeding, an indication for prompt medical intervention.

Which doctor should I contact?

If a woman’s condition requires an independent visit to the clinic, it is recommended to begin her treatment in the therapist’s office. If necessary, the specialist will refer you to specialist doctors: a gynecologist, urologist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist.

If the patient’s health is at risk and an ambulance has already been called, before its arrival the woman is advised to:

• Take a horizontal position in a quiet, ventilated area
• Place a heating pad with ice on your stomach for a maximum of 15-20 minutes. Warming up the sore spot is strictly prohibited.
• Do not take any medications on your own, except for No-shpa (maximum – 2 tablets)
• Connect an intravenous drip (if possible) with sodium chloride solution if there are obvious symptoms of internal bleeding. These include a blue tint to the face, rapid pulse, fainting

Before being examined by a doctor, you should not eat or drink. If necessary, moistening the lips and tongue with water is allowed.

Diagnostics

The uncertainty of the nature and localization of pain is dispelled after the doctor collects an anamnesis and conducts diagnostics, including:

1. Inspection with palpation of a specific area
2. Blood and urine tests, including leukocyte count
3. Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, pelvis
4. FGDS, ECG

Treatment

The scope of therapeutic intervention is determined by the type of diagnosis identified and the individual characteristics of the body. The doctor takes into account the day of the monthly cycle, which determines the use of antispasmodics.

The gynecologist selects gentle healing practices for the female body. Hormone therapy, antibiotics, analgesics, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. Additionally, vitamin therapy is carried out. Surgical intervention is carried out only if there are indications (for peritonitis, rupture of the fallopian tube), and in case of ineffectiveness of conservative methods.

Video: Where does pain in the lower abdomen come from in women?

Nagging pain in the lower abdomen is a common complaint with which women turn to a gynecologist; the causes vary.

Some of them are harmless, while others indicate serious violations. Therefore, there is no need to immediately panic, but it is recommended to find out as much as possible about this symptom.

In our article we will understand the reasons why a woman has a pulling in her lower abdomen, as indicated by the pulling on the left side.

Description

Pain in the lower abdomen in women can have a different character. Every woman felt the nagging pain. It is usually a precursor to early menstruation.

This sensation in the lower abdomen is not acute, it is constant, aching, and not paroxysmal - the pain in women seems to be “pulling”, hence its name “pulling”.

The nagging pain is usually not short-term, but lasts about 40 minutes. You can tolerate it, unlike a strong acute one, but you shouldn’t do it.

If the feeling does not leave you for a long time, you need to pay attention to the symptom.

Factors

Factors that lead to nagging pain syndrome are divided into two categories - physiological and pathological.

With physiological ones everything is simple. This is pregnancy and the menstrual cycle, since discomfort in the lower abdomen often manifests itself in women before menstruation or at the onset of menstruation.

Pathological reasons:

• Gynecological diseases;
• Discomfort after sexual intercourse;
• Adhesive processes;
• Algodismenorrhea;
• Intestinal diseases;
• Spinal pathologies;
• Diseases of the excretory system.

Drawing pain often occur in the middle of the menstrual cycle- approximately 14-15 days.

The reason will be the rupture of the follicle and the release of the egg - ovulation. Even minor bleeding may occur.

In this case, the pain syndrome is unilateral and lasts from a couple of hours to several days.

Many women experience characteristic pain during, before or after menstruation. In this case the reason is the rhythmic contractions of the uterus.

If the receptors of the latter are very sensitive, the discomfort can be very strong. It can radiate to the lumbar area and other areas. But usually after menstruation this condition goes away.

If they are already over, but the nagging pain bothers you just as much, you need to go to the doctor to eliminate the risk of pathologies. Separately, it is worth mentioning about pregnant women.

During this period, the body spends maximum resources to ensure proper development of the fetus. The size of the uterus increases, it can put pressure on the intestines, bladder, and ovaries.

Previously, the abdominal muscles could be completely relaxed, but now the load is placed on them.

Expectant mothers may constantly need to go to the toilet, and the reason for this is increased pressure on the organs of the genitourinary system. An additional problem is constant constipation.

Despite the fact that some conditions cannot be eliminated until a certain period of time, constant discomfort should not be ignored.

If you notice bloody discharge, call an ambulance as soon as possible, as there is a risk of miscarriage.

It's even more complicated with pathological causes. In a normal state, nagging pain after intimate intercourse should not occur, unless, of course, we are talking about the loss of virginity.

If this condition bothers you, and constantly, this may indicate the presence of an abnormal septum in the vagina of a congenital nature.

The size of the partner's genital organ also plays a role. If it is too large, there is a risk of damage.

Pain syndrome is a common consequence of the inflammatory process on the cervix and in it itself. White fluid may be discharged from the vagina.

Particular attention should be paid if it turns yellow or green. This indicates that a bacterial infection is possible, and you should not hesitate to visit a doctor.

Another pathological cause is algodismenorrhea. Pain during menstruation – normal condition, but if it is tolerable and passes quickly.

With the same pathology, everything is more serious. More often this trouble is provoked or of nervous origin.

It can usually appear 1.5-2 years after the start of the cycle. Additionally, a woman may have a fever, vomiting and even fainting. Inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs can provoke adhesions.

This is probably due to pathologies in the intestines, excretory and reproductive systems. If diseases become chronic, then adhesions are a defensive reaction from bleeding or spreading inflammation.

Since they are not able to resolve themselves, they can gradually transform into chronic ones.

Detecting a tumor process in the genital area is quite difficult, especially in the initial stages. Often nagging pains indicate pathologies.

For example, it could be a cyst in the ovary. At first the sensations will be localized in one side. But if the formation becomes malignant, the pain will spread throughout the entire pelvic area.

The reason for this is that muscle peristalsis is impaired in the affected area.

In what cases can you cope with the problem at home?

If pain occurs before or during menstruation, then you don’t need to see a doctor. Typically, such sensations go away on their own as the cycle progresses.

You can take a painkiller tablet or an antispasmodic drug, apply a heating pad.

Heavy lifting and vigorous activity should be avoided.

It’s better to rest and lie down, then the discomfort will go away faster.

Sometimes such pain during pregnancy is understandable, because the uterus grows, and organs shift because of this. But remember that during this period you are doubly responsible, and you should not ignore any deviations from the norm.

When do you need a doctor?

If discomfort tormented you for a couple of hours and disappeared, no longer making itself felt, you can calm down.

But if the pain is constant and noticeable, consult a doctor. There can be many reasons for this condition, and usually a routine examination is not enough to determine a specific one.

The first doctor you should go to is a gynecologist.

He may order the following tests:

• General blood and urine tests;
• Ultrasound and x-ray of the problem area;
• Culture and cytology to determine sexually transmitted infections;
• Hormonogram;
• Hysterosalpingography – evaluation of the fallopian tubes.
• Colposcopy is a detailed examination of the vaginal area.

Nagging pain along with discharge may indicate microflora disturbances or a bacterial infection.

However, if bloody fluid is released from a pregnant woman, there may be a high risk of miscarriage, vascular damage, or placental abruption.

If the right side of a woman’s lower abdomen is pulled, thoughts of appendicitis immediately appear, and the left side usually hurts in the case of chronic sigmoiditis, which involves inflammation in the place where the colon and rectum connect.

But only ultrasound and x-rays can confirm all these diagnoses.

A gynecologist can refer you to a gastroenterologist, surgeon, traumatologist, or rheumatologist.

After all, one of the popular reasons is spinal hernia in the lumbar region. It gives into the genitals, and not vice versa.

The stomach is the only place on the human body where it is difficult to determine what exactly hurts. The causes of nagging pain in the lower abdomen in women can be associated with problems in the intestines, genitourinary canal, and reproductive organs, which leads to constant trips to the gynecological office, and in certain cases to a long recovery.

If a woman experiences pain on the left or right, this indicates possible diseases of the pelvis and reproductive system. Their intensity depends on the woman’s physical activity, whether she is pregnant or not, whether there are chronic diseases, pathologies, etc.

Why does pain occur in the abdominal area:

Unpleasant pain can be divided into 2 categories: functional (characterized by changes within the body) and organic (expressed by serious deviations in reproduction).

Functional:

1. With algodismenorrhea.

Algodismenorrhea is the feeling of unpleasant, nagging pain that a girl experiences during menstruation. In medicine, this diagnosis is recognized as a chronic disease, which makes itself felt during menstruation, as well as before and after it.

1. With secondary algodismenorrhea.

Secondary Algodismenorrhea is a spasm in the lower abdomen before and during menstruation. Formed against the background of diseases “feminine”:

Uterine Fibromyoma is a tumor that is not life-threatening for the girl. It is expressed by spasm in the lower abdomen with bleeding.

Adhesive disease - appears after surgery or against the background of chronic diseases of the reproductive system.

Read more about the treatment of adhesive disease

1. Abnormal reproductive organs.
2. Pain during ovulation.

Pulling spasms during the ovulation period are recorded in the middle of the cycle. Their duration is no more than 48 hours, and the intensity is almost unnoticeable. At this time, a few drops of blood may be released from the uterus.

1. With a hematometer and bending of the cervix, which impede the passage of menstrual blood and provoke its stagnation.

Bend of the cervix - Bend of the uterine body to the right, left, anteriorly, posteriorly. This disease can be congenital or acquired. It appears as a disappointing result of inflammation of the reproductive system. With a natural bend, the disease does not pose a threat to women's well-being, but if a pathological bend appears, then its cause must be eliminated, otherwise the girl will not be able to have children.

Hematometra - Impaired blood flow from the intrauterine cavity. Most often noticed in women during the postpartum period and as a result of curettage of a frozen baby, abortion, etc.

Organic:

1. For female diseases of the reproductive system: cyst, uterine fibroids, ovarian apoplexy, etc.

Uterine fibroids are a tumor that is not life-threatening. Characterized by active cell division from muscle and connective uterine tissue. Occurs due to increased secretion of estrogen.

A cyst is a protrusion on the outside of the ovary filled with fluid. It can be unilateral or bilateral: on one or two ovaries at the same time. Outwardly it resembles a pouch and can reach 20 cm in diameter.

Ovarian apoplexy is damage to ovarian tissue, leading to its rupture. As a rule, rupture occurs suddenly, even in the 2nd half of the menstrual cycle. It manifests itself through physical overload, heavy lifting, and stopping taking hormonal contraceptives.

1. When the spiral is located inside the uterine cavity for a long period of time.

1. Pathologies of the urinary and excretory systems, inflammation of the bladder.

Cystitis is a disease characterized by an inflamed lining of the bladder. Sooner or later, absolutely all representatives of the fair sex suffer from this disease. This is due to the anatomical feature of the female genital organs. In 10% of cases, it is chronic.

1. During pregnancy. In the case when it proceeds normally, then the pulling sensations disappear and appear from time to time. When pregnancy is problematic, the pain does not subside, and you may notice blood discharge from the genitals.

Causes of nagging pain in the lower abdomen

1. Pathology of the colon. They notice a left-sided dull pain with inflammation of the sigmoid colon, and a right-sided one with inflammation of the cecum, located at the junction of the small and large intestines.

1. Uterine tumor. In addition to the nagging pain in the lower abdomen, they notice its slow increase. And due to a decrease in hemoglobin levels in tests, anemia may develop, or in common people - anemia.

1. Also, the manifestation of dull pain is noticed with endometriosis, which is a type of uterine tumor. If you do not pay attention to this disease in time, you may experience bloody discharge from the genitals outside of menstruation and be observed in the urine.

Endometriosis is the growth of intrauterine cells outside the cavity. Most often it manifests itself in women of reproductive age.

1. If there is a threat of miscarriage. During gestation, pain in the lower abdomen can be both sharp and nagging, and can also be combined. In addition, spotting suggests that it is time to run to the gynecologist, even if the girl herself does not yet know about pregnancy.

1. During a normal pregnancy. When the walls of the uterus stretch, the expectant mother already feels the growth of the baby.

1. In the last stages of gestation. About a month before the expected date of birth (ED), pain may appear. This suggests that the uterus is preparing to release the baby into the world, so it is training.

1. For appendicitis. It is expressed by a feeling of sharp and at the same time pulling spasms on the right side (occasionally on the left). It happens that the pain is almost unnoticeable at first, but after a few days it leads to severe cramps and a threat to health.

1. During PMS. Women experience unpleasant sensations of pain 3 days before their monthly cycle, and another 2 during it.

1. Pain in the lower abdomen is combined with heaviness in the lower back - the likelihood of salpingitis or salpingoophoritis.

How to qualify this type of ailment? What prompted our body to give alarm signals? There are several answers to this question.

First of all, this is a sign of pregnancy. Observing several symptoms at once (pulling in the lower abdomen), it is impossible to accurately diagnose fertilization. However, such phenomena occur at an early stage of pregnancy. Why does this happen? Why does the lower abdomen hurt and pull?

When an egg and sperm meet, they form a zygote. The latter must reach the uterus, moving along the fallopian tubes, and become attached to its wall in order to be able to develop into a fetus in the future. Typically the “journey” lasts from six to twelve days. This is determined by individual characteristics. Conception usually occurs at the time when a woman ovulates, which occurs on the tenth to twelfth days of the menstrual cycle. The zygote reaches its destination at the end of the cycle. Most women feel a tightening in the lower abdomen at this time, which signals the upcoming menstruation or pregnancy.

Therefore, early pregnancy is quite difficult to determine. But even if the lower abdomen is tight, a delay in menstruation can be caused by other factors, for example, stressful situations, the use of hormonal drugs, infection, inflammation, injury, the consequences of sex or examination by a gynecologist.

If pregnancy is already established, heaviness in the lower abdomen may indicate a threat of miscarriage. The uterus contracts, thereby trying to get rid of the foreign body, which is a fertilized egg. But nature took care of the safety of the fetus, weakening the protective functions of the female body at an early stage of pregnancy. But this doesn't always help. It happens that the egg is nevertheless rejected by the uterus. In such cases, the woman may not even notice that she was pregnant. The usual symptoms: pulling in the lower abdomen, tightening of the chest, pain in the hip and lumbar region - precede the onset of menstruation. Similar symptoms can lead to an unsuccessful pregnancy and maintain a normal psycho-emotional background.

If pregnancy has been going on for several weeks and there is a sharp pull in the lower abdomen, pain radiates to the lower back and back, and bleeding begins, then you need to consult a doctor as soon as possible to prevent the fetus from dying.

The reasons for pulling the lower abdomen are also:

Diseases of the intestinal tract, accompanied by inflammatory processes and constipation;

In men;

Intestinal spasms;

Abdominal oncology;

Pelvic oncology;

Hernia in the lumbosacral spine;

Appendicitis.

Pain in the lower abdomen may be accompanied by mucous and bloody discharge. It is also necessary to pay attention to the functioning of the kidneys and bladder. If you also experience nausea, loss of consciousness, pallor, or decreased blood pressure, you should consult a doctor, as internal bleeding may occur.

Great physical activity or a radical change in lifestyle, stressful situations contribute to the causes of illness. A nagging pain in the lower abdomen can also be a harbinger of a hernia, which in most cases is caused by overloading the body with physical activity.

Due to the numerous causes of nagging pain in the lower abdomen, as well as the possible negative consequences of this ailment, you should try not to neglect the advice of professional nutritionists and trainers if you visit a sports hall or gym. Overloading your body while trying to achieve the desired shape can be very costly for your health. Neglecting the advice of specialists may even result in the inability to subsequently conceive, bear and give birth to a child.

To establish an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo examination using special devices (ultrasound, mammography, irrigoscopy, laparoscopic diagnostics).