Human, which consists in collecting data about the world around us, then in their systematization and analysis and, based on the above, synthesis of new knowledge. Also in the field of science is the formulation of hypotheses and theories, as well as their further confirmation or refutation through experiments.
Science appeared when writing appeared. When five thousand years ago some ancient Sumerian carved out pictograms on the stone, where he depicted how his leader attacked the tribe of ancient Jews, and how many cows he stole - a story was born.
Then he knocked out more and more useful facts about livestock, about the stars and the moon, about the structure of the cart and hut; and newborn biology, astronomy, physics and architecture, medicine and mathematics appeared.
Sciences began to be distinguished in their modern form after the 17th century. Before that, as soon as they were not called - craft, writing, being, life and other pseudo-scientific terms. And the sciences themselves were more different types technician and technology. The main engine of the development of science is scientific and industrial revolutions. For example, invention steam engine gave a powerful impetus to the development of science in the 18th century and caused the first scientific and technological revolution.
Classification of sciences.
There have been many attempts to classify sciences. Aristotle, if not the first, then one of the first, divided the sciences into theoretical knowledge, practical knowledge and creative knowledge. Modern classification Sciences also divides them into three types:
- Natural Sciences, that is, the science of natural phenomena, objects and processes (biology, geography, astronomy, physics, chemistry, mathematics, geology, etc.). For the most part, the natural sciences are responsible for accumulating experience and knowledge about nature and man. The scientists who collected the primary data were called naturalists.
- Technical science- sciences responsible for the development of engineering and technology, as well as for the practical application of knowledge accumulated by the natural sciences (agronomy, computer science, architecture, mechanics, electrical engineering).
- Social Sciences and Humanities- sciences about man and society (psychology, philology, sociology, political science, history, cultural studies, linguistics, as well as social studies, etc.).
Functions of science.
Researchers identify four social functions of science:
- Cognitive. It consists of knowing the world, its laws and phenomena.
- Educational. It lies not only in training, but also in social motivation and the development of values.
- Cultural. Science is in the public domain and key element human culture.
- Practical. The function of producing material and social goods, as well as applying knowledge in practice.
Speaking about science, it is also worth mentioning the term “pseudoscience” (or “pseudoscience”).
Pseudoscience - is an activity that depicts scientific activity, but is not one. Pseudoscience can arise as:
- fight against official science (ufology);
- misconceptions due to lack of scientific knowledge (graphology, for example. And yes: it’s still not science!);
- element of creativity (humor). (See Discovery show “Brainheads”).
Learning objective : to reveal the subject of social science as a synthesis of social sciences, the specifics of the object of study, the significance of social knowledge for humans.
Lecture outline:
1. Social science and its subject. Fundamentals of social sciences included in social science.
2. The importance of social knowledge.
Social studies is a strange word!
It's not clear, but it seems familiar.
Society is everything people of the earth,
People of the country and people of the family.
But here's an interesting strange thing:
How Man was born -
Biology will give you the exact answer.
Social science. Why is it important?
What does social science study?
What is secret knowledge?
We are starting to study a new subject called “social studies”. What kind of discipline is this? To begin with, let us note that this is not science in the full sense of the word. Scientists do not study social science, but sociology, philosophy, history, economics, political science, law and many other sciences that study human life and society. Therefore, strictly speaking, social science is academic discipline, the main task of which is to introduce you to the basics of social life. The above-mentioned sciences are the sources from which social science draws its material. But it is a science in the sense that the knowledge it provides is obtained, systematized and proven using methods used only by science.
What does social science study? To answer this question, let us introduce the concepts an object And item studying. Object The study of social studies is society as a whole. What does this mean?
Society is studied by many different sciences: history, sociology, philosophy, political science, law. They are also called humanities Unlike natural sciences. But they all explore separate spheres social life, for example, economic or spiritual life. Social science is interested in all aspects of social life. It is also important for him how people enter into relationships with nature, and how they connect with each other, how they learn, experience, and act. Therefore, to embrace society as a whole means to consider the economic life of society, social relations, relations of power and management, spiritual life, as well as the relationship between them.
Thus, by introducing the concept of “object of study,” we separated, on the one hand, the sphere of interests of social science from the sphere of interests of natural sciences sciences, and, on the other hand, they drew a line between social science and other humanities.
You already have experience in studying the humanities and at least know one discipline that also studies not nature, but society, and studies not individual parts of society, but society as a whole. This is history. This is why the division into subject and object can be useful to us. After all, several sciences can study the same object. But each science, according to its interests, highlights in it those aspects that it considers essential. The set of essential properties, identified according to the goals of a particular science, is usually called the subject of science.
It is possible to establish what is the subject of social science by comparing it with the science of “history”. Let's remember what she is studying. Usually historians study the area that is called "past". In addition, it is not difficult to notice that those aspects of social life that historians study are always tied to specific place And time. So they are not interested in spiritual life in general, but in the spiritual life of the Greek polis or the Roman Empire.
Now we can talk about subject of social studies. If its object is society as a whole, and not its individual parts, then its subject is general properties social life, preserved in space and time among diverse human associations. Figuratively speaking, historians study differences in society, and social scientists - similarities.
It is necessary to distinguish philosophical and sociological approach to the study of society. Sociology interested in what is denoted by the term “ social structure», those. way of organization and communication individual elements social system into a single whole, driving forces, meaning and direction of development of society. She studies issues of personality formation, its interaction with other people within large and small groups. The subject of sociology is the general and specific social patterns of organization, functioning and development of society. Philosophical the view of society is inseparable from the philosophical problems of man. He is interested in connections and patterns that unite people into a single whole, into a social organism. The subject of philosophy is a multi-problematic relationship "the world is man" those. she studies: 1) general principles world order; 2) a person’s attitude to the world. She is looking for answers to the following questions: How does the world in general work? How does a person relate to the world? What is his place in it? How does he know it and how does he act in this world?
In the mass consciousness, philosophy seems to be something very far from real life. But that's not true. And before the philosopher and before a simple person the same questions and problems still exist. These problems are not “invented” by philosophers; they are posed by life itself. Philosophical thought is a thought about the eternal, about the meaning of life. And if life were only fun and celebration, if there was no place in it for worries, anxieties, or sorrows, philosophy, most likely, simply would not exist. People would not have problems, and philosophy always solves problems.
Social studies is an academic discipline that studies the development of human society and the place of man in it. As we have already said, it includes knowledge from other branches of science, such as philosophy, sociology, political science, ethics, history, economics and law.
Political science deals with issues of the political system of society, power, and the structure of the state.
Economy examines the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of produced goods and services, production (economic) relations in society, economic systems, problems of the state's influence on the economy. It is well known that people's needs are limitless - they are constantly changing and increasing. Their limitlessness is due to the desire of people to increase consumption and make them more attractive own life. Unfortunately, economic resources are limited, so the most important problem economic life is to distribute them in such a way as to satisfy the needs of people as best as possible.
Thus, The subject of economic science is to substantiate ways of distributing limited resources in order to ensure the most complete satisfaction of the needs of society.
Jurisprudence studies the rules of behavior, problems of lawful behavior, offenses and punishments for them.
In modern society, the need and importance of social science are quite obvious and realized. From a scientific point of view, the need for social science lies in the fact that no science can replace it, because it gives a holistic view of society. By forming a holistic idea of society, social science creates new knowledge, a new worldview. It absorbs the most important, fundamental and valuable of the social sciences, but is not a simple sum of them. It is thanks to social science that we have the opportunity to acquire knowledge about society and man, in which the diversity of information leads to ideological changes in consciousness associated with an understanding of society, which means social studies has scientific meaning.
In modern society, the need and importance of social science is realized, perhaps, by everyone. Let's take a closer look at what they are. Three aspects of need can be distinguished: scientific, humanitarian and civil.
From a scientific point of view, the need for social science lies in the fact that no science can replace it, that only it can give a holistic picture of society, not divided into dozens of sciences that have detailed information necessary only for narrow specialists. At the same time, social science is not a “hodgepodge”, not some kind of computer that simply collects information from all the humanities. By forming a holistic idea of society, taking the most important, fundamental and valuable of the social sciences, social science creates new knowledge, because the whole is always larger, more complex than the simple sum of its parts and cannot be reduced to it.
Thus, thanks to social science, our knowledge about society increases. And in this sense, social science has scientific meaning.
From a humanitarian point of view, social science is necessary for formation of a highly moral personality. This is facilitated by the study of the spiritual sphere of society: culture in general, philosophy, religion, art and morality. By becoming familiar with spiritual values and knowledge, a person expands and deepens his worldview horizon. Social studies, therefore, are personally significant, because they give young people the necessary knowledge, both in the sphere of morality and regarding the society in which they live. And in this sense, social science is necessary for everyone, regardless of the chosen specialty, because There is no individual without morality, just as there is no real citizen without knowledge of society.. Social studies contributes to the socialization of the individual and helps young people adapt to difficult social reality.
A modern democratic society cannot but be civil, i.e. it must be a collection having rights and having responsibilities citizens. A full-fledged citizen can be a person who is not only endowed with legal rights and responsibilities, but also has a sufficient level of self-awareness, i.e. conscious of himself, his place and role in society, actively participating in political life. Social studies contributes to the formation of a progressive civic position that reflects the needs modern society. A conscious attitude towards one's civic duty and a true understanding of what it consists of is impossible without the body of knowledge about society that only the study of social science can provide. Democracy is impossible without high level citizens' self-awareness.
Related information.
The direct subject of some scientific research is man and the society that he forms. Social science is one of the sciences, the center of whose study has become society. In our article we will touch on this issue in order to remember what social science studies and what interesting data it can provide.
Field of study social studies
Let's start by giving an interpretation of the concept in order to gradually delve into the topic. So, social science is a science that comprehensively studies the life of society and its significance for humans.
As a discipline entirely aimed at studying human society in all its manifestations. Its connections with other sciences are very wide, as is the variety of aspects considered social life.
Connections with other sciences
As an independently developing science, social science includes certain bases of other humanities. Among them are philosophy, psychology, in particular social psychology, ethics, sociology, history, law, and political science. In addition, social studies includes the basics of economics.
So many broad interdisciplinary connections are due to the fact that each of the sciences operates own vision human society. Social science gives a holistic picture of this concept, taking into account the presentation of each of the disciplines.
All social sciences in the modern research world are connected into a single body of knowledge and methods, united in social science. Based on such a wide coverage of problems in the social life of mankind, it is able to provide answers to many pressing questions of interest to society. Social science penetrates with the goals and results of its scientific research into various spheres of human activity: from social to economic, political and spiritual.
Thus, we summarize what has already been said: social studies is a study human life in society, most fully, unlike many other humanities disciplines.
Social studies as a school subject
In every school in Russia, social studies is included in the list of subjects taught. Previously, during the Soviet era, a similar discipline was called social science.
Today, the study of social studies in schools ends with the Unified State Exam. The practical significance lies, first of all, in the adaptation of students to the dynamism of social life. For us, this is already obvious based on the data that the discipline of social science studies.
There is an acquaintance with various aspects of this process, it expands and helps in the future to decide on the type of activity and the choice of further direction of training.
Let us also note the formative role of modern social science from the perspective of citizenship. The political and economic side of human activity is revealed and formed into a whole picture.
Who needs to study this discipline?
We have already found out at this stage that social science is the study of all aspects of the life of human society. At school, this discipline is a mandatory part of the program. And who should study it more deeply when receiving specialized education?
As we remember, the range of social science research today affects all social and some other sciences. Therefore, it is worth studying it in depth for students of such specialties as sociology, which is perhaps the most obvious, psychology, political science, jurisprudence, jurisprudence, cultural studies, management, and pedagogy.
In other words, for all specialties that subsequently involve working with people, the information and conclusions of the discipline in question are relevant. This conclusion comes from what we have already established: what the subject of “social studies” studies.
Is social science a science?
The development of the discipline, which became the topic of our article, continues actively today. There are discussions in scientific circles about whether social studies is a science as such. Most of the signs speak in favor of a positive verdict. We already know that social science is a science that studies all manifestations of social life.
Thus, this discipline strives to record facts and patterns as objectively as possible, which is inherent in true science. The problematic point is that the subject of social studies, human society and all manifestations of his activities are too broad and dynamic. Therefore, it cannot fully understand it using its own methods.
The rationality of social science also brings it closer to science. It does not contradict exact disciplines, such as mathematics, although it does not have its own clearly defined conclusions.
And finally, the last thing - social science does not accept superstition as much as any other science. Collecting individual, most important aspects other social sciences, it also adheres to the principle of validity of facts.
Conclusion
In our article we touched upon the question of what social science studies. It is, in fact, a complex of sciences that affects all possible manifestations of social life. From here we can draw the following conclusion: the subject of study of social science is extremely broad, therefore this science cannot provide comprehensive accurate data about it for objective reasons.
Human society, with its laws and specific facts, is a special, constantly changing subject. Accordingly, social science is constantly developing. It has obvious connections with the rest, as well as economics and jurisprudence.
Social science is a science that studies society in all its manifestations. As a school subject, it is compulsory to study. Its practical significance is also high.
The school teaches many different subjects in different directions. Not only those subjects that are related to the exact sciences are important, but also those that are related to society. Among these subjects is social studies. What is this item? Social science how the subject teaches the basics of life, explains the development of society, as well as the role of man and his actions in society. This subject contains a knowledge base from other sciences, such as philosophy, political science, sociology, ethics, etc. Thus, this subject allows you to master the basics of these sciences.
By studying this subject, schoolchildren can learn basic information about society, people, economics, culture, spiritual life, etc. Some people think that it has no special meaning, but in fact it all depends on how a person looks at the world, and this is where social studies helps. Any achievements of a person depend on what role he finds for himself in this world, and first you need to get acquainted with the world itself and find harmony with it. To find harmony with the world you need to find your place in this world.
Functions of social studies :
- Educational– forms general knowledge about man and society.
- Cognitive– allows you to understand and know everything that concerns society.
- Practical– allows you to fit in and exist in society.
- Methodological– allows you to become familiar with the methods and methods of studying social phenomena.
It turns out that this subject will not teach you any profession, but will help you develop as a person. The human factor has always had a special influence on society, since it intervenes in all spheres of society: economics, politics, culture, etc. Man rules everything, so it is necessary to understand the actions of people, and know how to act in a certain situation depending on the actions of others.
The decisions and actions of people, as well as the reasons that served these actions, are explained by social studies and what this subject can teach. They also say that school doesn’t teach you how to live. They teach, and an example of this is the subject of social studies at school, the main thing is to find the strength to teach, and also to understand why it is needed. First you need to become a person, develop as a person, and then achieve something. Social studies will help with this. The subject is not very simple, even if it seems so at first glance, and in fact there is a lot to learn and understand, and social studies and history tutors will help with this.
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The work program in social studies for grade 10 (advanced level) is compiled on the basis of the federal component of the State Standard of Basic General Education, the Model Program of Basic General Education in Social Studies and the author's program of L. N. Bogolyubov
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COURSE.
Social studies as academic subject includes the basics social sciences
(philosophy, sociology, social psychology, political science, economics and
jurisprudence), focusing on specialized knowledge that
necessary for effective solution the most typical problems in
social, economic, political, spiritual spheres of life.
A characteristic feature of the course is that one hundred social sciences
are not considered in isolation, but as closely related
are disciplines that make up a single whole. Thus,
Social studies allows students to develop a holistic picture
social world. The course “Social Studies” occupies a special place among
social and humanitarian disciplines taught at school.
Its peculiarity is that this course is not a science or a section in
system scientific knowledge, and an academic discipline designed to introduce
schoolchildren and with the basics of social life, and introduce them into the complex of social,
social and human sciences that will be studied in universities.
Social studies introduces students to a holistic picture of society
life, considering all its components. Therefore the course content
includes a wide range of topics - from philosophy to political science, from sociology
to ethics and aesthetics Social science is called upon to expand the horizon
perception of the surrounding world. At the same time, it lays the beginning
theoretical thinking, teaches the ability to think. Thanks to
the formation of theoretical thinking, students will be able not only
gain knowledge in class, but also develop the ability to acquire new ones
knowledge on your own.
Thus, social studies as a school subject is characterized by:
Focus on theoretical generalization of educational material;
Integrated character, special compared to others
Discussive nature;
Practice-oriented character;
The need to attract materials from modern life.
GOALS OF STUDYING SOCIAL STUDIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL.
Implementation work program sets goals:
- development personality in the period of early youth, its spiritual, moral, political
and legal culture, economic way of thinking, social behavior, based"
on respect for law and order, the ability to self-determination and self-realization; interest
to the study of social and humanitarian disciplines;
- upbringing all-Russian identity; civil liability, legal
self-awareness, tolerance, respect for social norms, commitment to humanism
ethical and democratic values enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation;
- o m p l o r i n g a k n e d i g e s s y s t e mth about economic and other types of human activities,
about society, its spheres, legal regulation social relations necessary for
interaction with the social environment and performance social roles person and citizen
for subsequent study of socio-economic and humanitarian disciplines at the institution
nia of the system of secondary and higher education vocational education and self-education;
- about in laDM e n t i n g and receive and critically comprehend social information, analyze, systematize the data received; master methods of cognitive,
communicative, practical activities necessary to participate in civic life
society and state;
- FORMATION OF EXPERIENCE applying the acquired knowledge and skills to solve typical problems in the field of social relations; civic and social activities;
f interpersonal relationships; relationships between people different nationalities and religion
Denmark; in the family and everyday sphere, to compare one’s actions and the actions of other people
with the standards of behavior established by law; assistance by legal means and means
protection of law and order in society.
PLACE OF THE COURSE IN THE CURRICULUM.
The course “Social Studies” in 10 grades (advanced level) contains a complex of knowledge that reflects the main objects of study: society as a whole, a person in society, cognition, social relations, politics, the spiritual and moral sphere. In the 10th grade, the distribution of teaching hours by sections and topics of the course is calculated at 102 teaching hours (3 hours per week).
Requirements for the level of student preparation
As a result of studying social studies, the student must
know
/
understand:
The biosocial essence of a person, the main stages and factors of personality socialization,
the place and role of man in the system of social relations;
Trends in the development of society as a whole as a complex dynamic system, as well as important
the most important social institutions;
The need to regulate social relations, the essence of social norms,
mechanisms of legal regulation;
Features of social and humanitarian knowledge;
be able to:
Characterize the main social objects, highlighting their essential features,
patterns of development;
Analyze information about social objects, highlighting them common features and differences,
establish correspondences between the essential features and characteristics of the studied social
scientific phenomena and social science terms and concepts;
Explain. cause-and-effect and functional connections of the studied social entities
projects (including the interaction between man and society, the most important social institutions of society
state and.natural environment, society and culture, relationships between subsystems and elements of society);
Use examples to reveal the studied theoretical positions and concepts of social
economics and humanities;
Search for social information presented in various sign systems
topics;
Extract from unadapted original texts enanaia on given topics; system
matize, analyze and generalize disordered social information, distinguish
it contains facts and opinions, arguments and conclusions;
Evaluate the actions of subjects of social life, including individuals, groups, organizations
tions, from the point of view of social norms, economic rationality;
Formulate your own judgments based on acquired social science knowledge.
ideas and arguments on certain issues;
prepare an oral presentation, creative work on social issues;
apply socio-economic and humanitarian knowledge in the process of solving problems
educational tasks on current social problems;
To successfully perform typical social roles; conscious interaction with
various social institutions;
improving one's own cognitive activity;
critical perception of information received in interpersonal communication and in the mass
howl of communication; carrying out independent search, analysis and use of collected
no social information;
practical solutions life problems arising in social activities;
orientation in current social events and processes; definitions of personal
foresight possible consequences certain social actions;
assessments of current events and people's behavior from the point of view of morality and law;
implementation and protection of human and civil rights, conscious implementation of civil
responsibilities;
tourist" values, social status.
CONTENT EDUCATIONAL SUBJECT.
Brief description of the course being studied. Methods of working with the textbook. (1 hour)
SOCIAL AND HUMANITIES KNOWLEDGE AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY. (16 HOURS)
Social sciences and their classification. The place of philosophy in the system of social science. Philosophy and science. Sociology, political science, social Psychology as social sciences.
Myths of antiquity. Ancient Indian Vedas about the origin of the world. Buddhism. Sages of the Taoist school. Confucianism. Plato and Aristotle on society and state.
Social contract theory. A. Smith Labor Society. Forward to the "golden age".
Civil Society of G. Hegel. On the way to scientific sociology. Marxist doctrine of
society. Development of social science in the twentieth century.
Philosophical quests of the 19th century. Russian philosophical thought of the early twentieth century. Berdyaev
The needs of modern society for social and humanitarian specialists. Main professions of social and humanitarian profile. Vocational educational institutions.
SOCIETY AND PERSON. . (24 hours)
The origin of man and the formation of society. Theories of human origin. Humanity as a result of biological and sociocultural evolution.
Social essence of activity. Thinking and activity.
The relationship between thinking and language.
Society as a form of joint life activity of people. Differences between society and society.
Society as a special part of the world. Factors of change in society.
Social system, its subsystems and elements. Social system and its environment.
Levels of consideration of society: social-philosophical, historical-typological, social-specific.
World of the East. Western values. Civilizational development of society. Typology of civilizations.
The meaning and direction of historical development. Formations and civilizations. Civilization and culture. The concept of culture.
The concept of historical process. The masses, social groups, public
associations as participants in the historical process.
Historical figures. Types of social dynamics. Factors of change in society.
Progress and regression. The inconsistency of progress. Progress criteria. Progressive
social forces. Diversity and unevenness of social development processes.
Freedom and arbitrariness. Freedom and responsibility. Freedom of choice. Free society.
ACTIVITY AS A WAY OF PEOPLE'S EXISTENCE. (11 O'CLOCK)
Needs and interests. Typology of activity. A game. Studying as an activity.
Preservation and dissemination of spiritual values. Mastering spiritual values
culture. Spiritual consumption.
Sociology of labor. Social partnership and prospects for its development in Russia.
Politics as an activity. Subjects and objects of politics. Relationship between goals and means
in politics. Power and politics.
Typology of power relations. Political relations.
CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION. (16 HOURS)
The problem of the cognizability of the world. The concept of agnosticism. Cognitive activity.
Sensory and rational cognition.
The concept of scientific truth. The relativity of truth. Truth and error.
Mythological and rational-logical knowledge. Life experience and common sense.
Group cohesion. Friendly relations. Personal self-determination.
Relationships in student groups. Leadership style.
Psychology of family relationships. Gender behavior. Family education.
“Hazing” And other forms of violence in the group. The special danger of criminal groups.
Problem interpersonal conflict. Structure, functions, dynamics of conflict. Ways to constructively resolve conflict.
Educational - methodological and material - technical support of the educational subject.
The work program is focused on the useeducational and methodological set:
Social studies. 10 grades [Text]: textbook. for general education institutions: profile level /
L. N. Bogolyubov, A. V. Belyavsky, N. I. Gorodetskaya [and others]; edited by L. N. Bogolyubov [etc.];
Ross. acad. Sciences, Ross. acad. education, publishing house "Enlightenment". - M.: Education, 2013.
DidactAndlogical materials for the course “Man and Society”. Grades 10-11 [Text]: a guide for
teachers / ed. L. N. Bogolyubova, A. T. Kinkulkina. - M.: Education, 2007.
School Dictionary of Social Studies. Grades 10-11 [Text]: a manual for students / ed.
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Edinth state exam 2010. Social studies [Text]: educational training. materials
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Dopolnithoselbnand Iwhetherteratatradla uchAndthoselI:
GRazhdansky Code of the Russian Federation.
Code on administrative law violations of the Russian Federation.
Constitution Russian Federation.
Family Code of the Russian Federation.
Troudoy Code of the Russian Federation.
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Dimirova, L. Sh. Lozovsky. -M.: Iris-Press, 2010.
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BeckYeshev,TO.
A.
Social studies [Text]: tutorial/ K. A. Bekeshev. - M.: Prospekt,
2010.
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education / R. Yu. Ibragimov [etc.]. -Rostov n/a. : Phoenix, 2005.
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Sh. Workshop on social studies [Text]: questions and answers; tests with solutions
niyami L .
Sh. Lozovsky, B. A. Raizberg, - M.: Rolf: Iris-Press, 2010.
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wat. textbook establishments / bus.-SOST. M. I. Shilobod, V. F. Krivosheev. - M.: Bustard, 1997.
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Political science: comments, diagrams, aphorisms [Text]: textbook. allowance
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TYulIEve,
T.
AND.
Social studies [Text]: teacher’s handbook / T. I. Tyulyaeva. - M.: As-
trill, 2010.
Additional literature for students:
Dzhegutenov,B.
TO.
Social science. Answers for schoolchildren and applicants [Text] / B. K. Je-
Gutanov, V. S. Oleinikov. - St. Petersburg. Peter, 2010.
Domashek,
E.
IN.
School reference book on social studies [Text] / E. V. Domashek. - Rostov
n/a : Phoenix, 2010.
Furslkina,
E.
IN. Social studies [Text]: a guide for preparing for the Unified State Exam / E. V. Mekhalkina. -
Rostov n/a. : Phoenix, 2010.
Korsanov,
GG Social studies tutor for high school students [Text] / G. G. Kor-
dignitaries - Rostov n/a. : Phoenix, 2010.
Sazonova, G G Social science in tables and diagrams [Text] / G. G. Sazonova. - M.: Victoria