Letter

Composed of the alphabetical names of the initial letters of the words that form the original phrase.

  • KGB (ka-ge-be) - State Security Committee (USSR, Belarus, other countries and union republics)
  • junior researcher (em-en-es) - junior researcher
  • RSFSR (er-es-ef-es-er) - Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
  • TFKP (te-ef-ka-pe) - theory of functions of a complex variable (complex analysis)

As part of Russian letter abbreviations, the reading of some letter names may not coincide with their generally accepted names in the alphabet.

Thus, the letter “F” (“ef”) can be pronounced as “fe”:

  • FBI [fe-be-er] - F federal b juro R research
  • Exercise therapy [el-fe-ka] - l educational f physical To culture
  • RFF [er-fe-fe] - R audio f isical f faculty

The letters “S” (“es”) and “Ш” (“sha”) as “se” and “she”:

  • USA - United States of America

Meanwhile, in accordance with the norms of the Russian language, such a reading is still considered incorrect, despite the frequent commission of such errors officials and representatives of the media.

Sonic (acronym)

Formed from the initial sounds of the words of the original phrase. Unlike a letter abbreviation, it is pronounced as a single word, and not letter by letter (“GUM” as gum, not GeUeM).

  • TASS - Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (today ITAR-TASS)
  • DDL - data description language

Letter-sound

Formed partly from the names of the initial letters, partly from the initial sounds of the words of the original phrase

  • CDSA (tse-de-sa) - Central House of the Soviet Army
  • DOBDD (do-be-de-de) - Department of Road Safety (formerly State Traffic Safety Inspectorate)
  • Traffic police (gi-be-de-de) - State Security Inspectorate traffic

Backronym

An abbreviation based on an existing word. In this case, a backronym can both explain the original meaning of a word and give a new meaning to the word.

  • Spam - Seriously Pissing-off Advertising Mail (Russian) Seriously Boring Advertising Mail ). (The transcript gives new meaning to the word Spam. Initially, this word was the name of the SPAM brand of cheap canned meat with extremely aggressive advertising.)
  • CASCO - Comprehensive Automobile Insurance Except Liability. It is also actually a decoding of the Spanish word casco (framework, body), which is the name for this type of insurance.

A backronym can also be a humorous decoding of an existing abbreviation.

  • VKP(b) - All-Union Communist Party(Bolsheviks)
  • Life Safety - Society of Pregnant Women ( option: Protection of Pregnant Women), Society of Homeless Wives

Recursive (recursive acronym)

The decoding includes the abbreviation itself.

  • PHP - PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
  • Wine - Wine Is Not an Emulator

There is also a recursive acronym that refers to itself indirectly, the acronym HURD. Here the letter H stands for the abbreviation HIRD, in which the letter H in turn stands for the original acronym HURD. Moreover, the words "Hurd" and "Hird" in English are spellings of "Herd" ("Herd"), thereby adding another play on words to the decoding.

Compound words (syllabic abbreviation)

Adding the initial parts of two or more words

  • collective farm - collective farm;
  • Komsomol - communist youth union;
  • obkom - regional committee;
  • partykom - party committee;
  • prodmag - grocery store.
  • Rosglavstankoinstrumentsnabsbyt - Main Directorate for Supply and Sales of Forging Equipment, Tools and Abrasive Products under the State Planning Committee of the RSFSR

Adding the beginning of one word with another word of the phrase

  • maternity hospital - maternity hospital
  • drama club - drama club
  • television network - television network
  • spare part - spare part
  • terrorist attack - terrorist attack

Adding the initial part of a word with the oblique case form of a noun

  • head of the department - head of the department
  • earplugs - “take care of your ears” (the name of earplugs)

Adding the beginning of the first word with the beginning and end of the second or only with the end of the second

  • moped - mo(tocycle)+(bicycle)ped

Graphic abbreviation

  • "T. d." - etc;
  • "T. e." - that is;
  • "T. To." - because;
  • "T. n." - so-called;
  • "T. O." - Thus;
  • "T. P." - the like;
  • "T. With." - so to speak;
  • “n/a” - no data.

Mixed reduction

The initial part of the word is connected to the abbreviation

  • RosNII - Russian Scientific Research Institute
  • BelAZ - Belarusian Automobile Plant

Tautological abbreviation

Set phrases in which an abbreviation (usually of foreign origin) is used simultaneously with a word (usually a translation last word), which is included in this abbreviation

  • HIV virus
  • -protocol
  • SMS message
  • VIP person
  • GIS system
  • AvtoVAZ - Volzhsky Automobile Plant
  • BTA bank - Bank Turan Alem bank

Borrowed words that were originally abbreviations in the native language

  • spam - from English. spam - S holder of P ork and h A.M.(“pork shoulders and hams”), and according to other sources, from English. SP iced h A.M. (An interesting fact is that in the literature on the creation of network protocols, services and other things, SPAM stands for System Post Automatic Mail, which means System Post Automatic Mail Mailing List. By the way, this decoding is more suitable both in meaning and in principle).
  • laser - from English. laser, abbreviation for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
  • quasar - from English. quasar, abbreviation for QUASi stellAR radio source- “quasi-stellar radio source”.
  • Internet - from English. Internet, abbreviation for Interconnected Networks- United networks.
  • bum is a colloquial word used in Russian journalism and everyday vocabulary, arising from an abbreviation characteristic of official documents Soviet police, - "BUM". This abbreviation denoted persons without a specific place of residence.

Abbreviations-words (semantic)

The initial letters are a common word

  • SMILES - English Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification
  • SMART - English Smiles ARbitrary Target Specification, System Management Arts

History of origin

Abbreviations, or abbreviations, have long been used in writing by all peoples with written language. The purpose of the abbreviations was to save space on the textual information medium (birch bark, ceramic tablets, parchment, etc.) and to quickly write frequently used words and expressions. Abbreviations were among the first to appear in ancient inscriptions, and later became widespread in manuscripts. With the help of the so-called suspensions, that is, using the initial letters of words, the Romans first abbreviated proper names (C. - Gaius, Q. - Quintus), and later other words (cos. - consul, v. c. - vir clarissimus, “most serene husband”) . The repetition of the same letter denoted sets, number (coss.- consules, vv. cc.- viri clarissimi). Similar abbreviations appear in Greek cursive papyri and coin inscriptions. Abbreviations were also used to shorten units of measure and weight. Roman jurists so often resorted to suspension that codes of abbreviations (Notae iuris) and systems (rules) of abbreviations of letters were compiled, which subsequently reached the Middle Ages. One of such systems was the system of “Tironian badges” - which are the basis of Roman tachygraphy (quick writing). The ancient Roman abbreviations, or Tirotan marks, passed along with the Latin language into the Middle Ages, where they are found primarily in inscriptions and on coins, and then in manuscripts, especially from the 11th century, also in charters, from which they do not disappear until XVI century inclusive. Abbreviations found in later Latin manuscripts and charters usually consist of omissions, and even more often - of combinations of letters.

Since capital Greek and Latin letters came into use, true contractile signs have appeared for syllables, double consonants, double vowels, and whole words. In Greek manuscripts there are many similar signs, partly transferred to the printed editions of Greek writers, from which they completely disappeared only in modern times. Therefore, in ancient Greek grammars you can find a list of the most commonly used abbreviations. The method of contracture, that is, shortening a word using its initial letters and ending, was first used by the Greeks to shorten the so-called Nomina sacra (“sacred names”), for example θς instead of θεός (“god”). The Romans borrowed this system and used it to denote ordinary concepts (frs - fratres, brother, gra - gratia, gratitude). The symbol for abbreviation, a line above the abbreviation, replaced the previously usual dot around the 3rd century AD. Abbreviations were also borrowed from cursive writing, for example = “esse” (“to be”), - “est” (“is”).

Already in late Roman italics almost all types of abbreviations were used. During the Middle Ages, abbreviations became more common, especially in legal, medical, and theological texts.

Use

In everyday life, when saving space and time is required, one is content with the simple abbreviations used. The latter consist either of shortening phrases or shortening words. Abbreviations of phrases consisting of omitting unimportant parts of speech, which can be easily reproduced from its general connection ( auxiliary verbs, individual particles of speech, etc.) Abbreviations of words consist partly in the omission of individual letters and syllables and the omission of a significant part or even the entire word, with the exception of the initial letters, partly in certain characters that replace words.

Present tense

In writing they are used only for private or personal needs in cursive writing; but in those papers that are intended for reading by others, especially printed ones, they try to avoid them. Exceptions are allowed only in certain cases:

  1. V scientific works, when quoting, bibliographical notes, technical documentation, etc., abbreviations cannot be avoided;
  2. in individual sciences, such as mathematics, computer science (programming languages, databases, CAD), astronomy, physics, chemistry, natural history, grammar, music. abbreviations and even drawings are caused by necessity;
  3. for SI and GHS units of measurement;
  4. to indicate coins;
  5. in special reference publications - calendars, lexicons, bibliographies;
  6. finally, in some literary works, especially in English, out of old habit, abbreviations of some constantly used words are retained.

Declension

Letter abbreviations perceived as masculine words are inflected with an apostrophe: BAK resolution, in our housing office, from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs reported, regardless of the gender of the core word of the decoding: ZhEK - “housing maintenance office” (feminine).

Sometimes in speech there are words that consist of a set of letters or halves of words. It happens that the meaning of such words is unfamiliar. This is a whole group of lexemes that exist in our language. Let's talk about them. We will try to find the answer to this question in the article.

Compound word

The word means "reduction" in Italian. This is a special type that requires decoding. Most often used in official business documentation, typical for many languages.

To understand what an abbreviation is, it is enough to consider at least one example in detail. Let's take the floor Moscow State University. At first glance it is not clear to us. Just some set of letters. But a person who knows Russian at school level will immediately say that each letter stands for a word. Let's decipher them: M- Moscow, G- state, U- university.

Thus, knowing the decoding, you can determine what the abbreviation means.

Familiarity with the use of abbreviations in speech begins at school. For example, when studying biology you can come across the following abbreviations: DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid, HIV- human immunodeficiency virus, etc.

Methods of forming abbreviations

Complex abbreviated words sometimes mean things that are familiar and close to us. They may look different, but they have one thing in common: in order to correctly introduce such a word into your speech, it must be deciphered and correctly agreed in a sentence.

There are several ways to form such words. Let's take a closer look at them.

In addition, English abbreviations are widespread in our speech. They accompany the following areas: science, medicine, fiction. There are many abbreviations in specialized literature.

Decoding compound words

Having studied theoretical material, it is not difficult to understand what the abbreviation is. The main thing here is to learn how to correctly apply them in your speech. To do this, you need to know how such a complex abbreviated word is deciphered and then correctly agree it in a sentence.

For example, in the sentence " After the repair of the nuclear power plant, electricity output increased"The verb ends in A. To write it correctly, you must first decipher the word. NPP - nuclear power plant. The main word is “station”, it is feminine.

Abbreviations with decoding will help you construct your speech correctly and competently. They also allow you to expand your vocabulary, since such decoding introduces you to new words.

In addition, abbreviations are constantly heard in our speech. It is necessary to know them, otherwise you can be considered an uneducated person. In addition, knowing such words will make life easier.

For example, in order to know where this sign leads, you need to decipher it. LEMZ - This is the Lianozovsky Electromechanical Plant.

Foreign abbreviations

Most foreign compound words - English abbreviations. These are abbreviations English words. Among them there are simple, quickly remembered ones, and there are also complex ones. You need to know them. They can be useful at work, while traveling, in business correspondence, and in other areas of human life.

Here are some English abbreviations. They can be divided into groups:


If you are interested in the full version of English abbreviations and translate them, this will contribute to the study of the English language. Such abbreviations with decoding also add to the lexicon.

Abbreviations in our lives

Abbreviation words accompany us through life, starting from birth in the maternity hospital (maternity hospital), which is registered in the registry office (civil registry office). After visiting a preschool educational institution (preschool educational institution) we are still going through an eleven-year journey to MOKU Secondary School (municipal educational institution secondary comprehensive school), where we attend lessons, sports sections ( sport sections), drama clubs (drama clubs), etc. Then we enter a university (higher educational institution) or college, we get a specialty and work in a research institute (research institute) or LLC (limited liability company). Someone opens a private enterprise (private enterprise) and becomes an individual entrepreneur ( individual entrepreneur). We go to department stores (department stores), housing office (housing maintenance office), visit sports complexes (sports complexes), recreation centers (cultural centers), work on a PC (personal computer). Meanwhile, serious passions are boiling in the EU ( European Union), OSCE APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)...

This is just a small part of the examples demonstrating what an abbreviation is. It’s impossible to list everything. But we come across them at every step.

The best

Origin the most common English abbreviation OK has many variants: it is associated with the name of American biscuits, with the term of telegraph operators " public key", with the initials of one of the US presidents, with an affirmative answer from the Indians.

The longest the abbreviation in Russia consists of 55 characters - NIIOMTPLABOPARMBETZHELBETRABSBORMONIMONKONOTDTEHSTROYMONT (Research Laboratory of Operations for Concrete Reinforcement and Reinforced Concrete Works for the Construction of Prefabricated Monolithic and Monolithic Structures, Department of Technology of Construction and Installation Administration of the Academy of Construction and Architecture of the USSR).

The funniest abbreviation - LOCK ON THE MOUTH (DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR NAVAL AFFAIRS).

The most ridiculous abbreviation is MUDO ( Municipal institution additional education).

And an abbreviation (Italian abbreviatura, from Latin brevis - short) - in ancient manuscripts and books: an abbreviated spelling of a word or group of words. In modern publications, an abbreviation is used to refer to any abbreviated word or phrase. An abbreviation is usually (but not always!) written in capital letters. Abbreviations that are read by sounds (and not by letter names) and denote common nouns are written in lowercase letters (for example, university, rono, bunker).

What are the different types of abbreviations?

Initial abbreviation. A word formed from the names of the initial letters or from the initial sounds of words included in the original phrase. (For example, ACS - automated control system, ODU - ordinary differential equations, DDL - data description language).

    • Abbreviationalphabetic. An abbreviation made up of the alphabetical names of the initial letters of the words that form the original phrase. RF (er-ef) ( Russian Federation). KGB (ka-ge-be) (State Security Committee), TFKP (te-ef-ka-pe) (theory of functions of a complex variable).
    • The abbreviation is letter-sound. An abbreviation formed partly from the names of the initial letters, partly from the initial sounds of the words of the original phrase. CDSA (tse-de-sa) (Central House of the Soviet Army).
  • Sound abbreviation (acronym). An abbreviation formed from the initial letters of the words of the original phrase. HPP (hydroelectric power station). University (higher education institution). TASS (Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union). Unlike a letter abbreviation, it is pronounced as a single word (“GUM” as hum, not “ge-u-um”), not letter by letter.

Recursive abbreviation. An abbreviation, a decoding that includes itself. For example, GNU (GNU‘s Not Unix), ALT (ALT Linux Team), PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor), ATTA (Agency creative technologies ATTA).

Compound words. A word formed from the initial parts of two or more words (food store, collective farm, etc.) or representing the addition of the beginning of one word with another word of the phrase (maternity hospital, drama club, television network, etc.).

Graphic abbreviation (since - since).

Mixed reduction (RosNII - Russian Scientific Research Institute).

Abbreviations, or abbreviations, have long been used in writing by all peoples who have a written language. The ancient Romans tried to achieve this with their Tironian marks; in modern times, shorthand has been invented for the same purpose.

The main purpose of abbreviations is to save speech and written text. When pronounced, the sounding time of an abbreviation is approximately five times shorter than the corresponding concept, and when written, the savings are even more noticeable.

Most full list abbreviations (abbreviations) from A to Z

For quick search use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+F

A

ABBM – high power battery

Asphalt concrete plant - asphalt concrete plant

ABS – anti-lock braking system; auto-locking system; automated banking system

AVN – Academy of Military Sciences

AGZS – gas filling station

ADSL - transliteration from English. abbr. ADSL – Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (Asymmetric DSL) – asymmetric digital subscriber line

AZLK – Automobile Plant named after. Lenin Komsomol

Gas station - gas station

AzSSR – Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

AZU – subscriber protective device; automatic locking device; automatic charger; automatic protective device; analog storage device; associative storage device

AIS OSAGO – automated information system for compulsory motor third party liability insurance

AIS PFR – automated information system Pension Fund Russia

AIF – joint-stock investment fund

AiF – “Arguments and Facts”

AK – 7.62 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle model 1947 (AK-47); aviation corps; truck crane; joint-stock company; aortic valve (med.)

AK-74 – 5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle model 1974

AKB – rechargeable battery; active client base; Joint Stock Commercial Bank

AKM - 7.62 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle, model 1959, modernized; alveolar soft tissue sarcoma (med.); anti-crisis measures

AKP – automatic gearbox (shift); anti-crisis plan

Automatic transmission – automatic gearbox

ALROSA – “Diamonds of Russia – Sakha” (name of the joint stock company)

AMiK – Alexander Maslyakov and company

AMS – Academy of Medical Sciences

AMS - automatic interplanetary station

AN – Real Estate Agency; Academy of Sciences

NSA - National Security Agency

AO – autonomous region; aggregate compartment; Joint-Stock Company; alcohol intoxication; Amur region; analytical review; Archaeological discoveries (edition)

Caller ID – automatic caller ID; Academy social sciences(under the Central Committee of the CPSU); anti-identifier; number identification equipment

AIC – agrarian-industrial complex

AWP – automated workstation

ASKI - transliteration from English. abbr. ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange (American standard encoding table for printable characters and some special codes)

ACS – automated control system; automated accounting system

ATO - anti-terrorist operation

ATS – automatic telephone exchange; Arbitration court

AHO - administrative and economic department

AC – Accreditation Center

NPP – nuclear power plant

AY – subscription box; PO Box

In translation practice, it often happens that the original text contains abbreviations that are unfamiliar to the translator. It is very important to correctly decipher such abbreviations for high-quality translation of the original into Russian or another language foreign language. A selection of dictionaries of abbreviations and acronyms for translation from English, French, German and other languages ​​will help with this.

Using the form below, you can decipher any abbreviations you come across in the text.

This is the most complete dictionary of abbreviations, it contains abbreviations and acronyms in many languages ​​of the world (except Russian, see abbreviations of the Russian language below).

Dictionaries of abbreviations, acronyms, abbreviations

Quite often, users look for the definition of abbreviations such as pp or p/p, which are often used in tables in the “sequential number” column. However, such short abbreviations may have more than one decoding. Therefore, you need to carefully consider whether the chosen option corresponds to the topic of the document. So, for example, the abbreviation PO can be deciphered as “production association” or “ software"or several dozen more options.

Dictionary of Russian abbreviations
Online dictionary of abbreviations, acronyms and abbreviations of the Russian language. There is an advanced search option (by value, by exact occurrence).


Online dictionary of abbreviations, acronyms and acronyms of the Russian language related to science and technology.


Online dictionary of abbreviations Ukrainian language- a dictionary of short Ukrainian language. The dictionary contains 10,359 abbreviations of the Ukrainian language.


Dictionaries of abbreviations: English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch, Italian, Portuguese. Select desired language and enter the abbreviation to decrypt.


Decoding abbreviations. You can select the field of activity in which you need to find an abbreviation: computers, Internet, science, business, medicine, public administration, society, regions, etc.


Search for abbreviations, perhaps mostly German ones, since the site is German.


another site to search for abbreviations, abbreviations, acronyms.


- abbreviations used in international trade.


a breakdown of abbreviations often found in commercial practice is provided.


abbreviations for names of chemical compounds.


To search, click on the letter with which the abbreviation begins. To find the desired abbreviation on the page, use your browser's search function.


In medical abbreviations, exact correspondence is important, since replacing a capital letter with a lowercase letter or vice versa can in many cases distort the meaning.


- German abbreviations adopted in legal practice.

IN modern century saturated with information, there is less and less time for communication and correspondence. No matter how paradoxical it may sound, the more information a person has, the more ways he looks for to reduce it and transmit it in a more condensed form. One of the most the best ways to shorten words and expressions is to use abbreviations.

Today they are found everywhere in general English, in business correspondence, in SMS messages and chats, and in international terms. Many of them are used quite often, so not only students English language, but also ordinary to modern man It’s worth mastering a couple of the most common ones.

Abbreviation(Italian abbreviatura from Latin brevis - short) - a word formed by an abbreviation of a word or phrase and read by alphabetical name initial letters or by the initial sounds of the words included in it.

Abbreviations are found in every language in the world and play a huge role. Sometimes ignorance or incorrect use of a particular abbreviation in English can lead to a rather awkward situation or misunderstanding of what the interlocutor wants to express with a particular phrase.

Let's look at an example of the incorrect use of a fairly well-known abbreviation LOL(laughing out loud - laugh loudly, out loud).

Messages
Mom: Your beloved aunt just passed away. LOL
I: Why is that funny?
Mom: It’s not funny, David!
I: Mom, LOL means “laughing out loud”.
Mom: Oh my goodness! I thought it means “lots of love”...I sent it to everyone! I need to call everyone…
Messages
Mom: Your favorite aunt just passed away. LOL
Me: What's so funny about that?
Mom: This is not funny, David!
Me: Mom, LOL means "laugh out loud".
Mom: Oh God! I thought it meant lots of love...
I sent this to everyone! We need to call everyone back...

Most popular abbreviations

This list of abbreviations can be found everywhere and, for sure, you are well familiar with most of them visually, but let’s pay attention to them correct translation and consumption.

  • V.I.P. (very important person)- very important person;
  • P.S.(from Latin “post scriptum”) - after what is written;
  • A.D.(from Latin “Anno Domini”) - our era;
  • B.C. / B.C.E. -before Christ- before Christ / before Common Era- BC;
  • ASAP (as soon as possible)- As soon as possible;
  • UNO (United Nations Organization)- UN;
  • UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)- UNESCO;
  • a.m.(ante meridiem, in the morning)- in the morning;
  • p.m.(postmeridiem, in the afternoon)- In the evening;
  • i.e. ( id est , that is)- it means;
  • e.g. ( exemplary gratia , for example)- For example;
  • u (you)- You;
  • etc.(from Latin et cetera) - and so on;
  • 2G2BT (too good to be true)- too good to be true;
  • 2moro (tomorrow)- Tomorrow;
  • 2day (today)- Today;
  • BD or BDAY (birthday)- birthday;
  • 2nite (tonight)- In the evening;
  • 4ever (forever)- forever;
  • AFAIK (as far as I know)- as far as I know;
  • BTW (by the way)- by the way;
  • RLY (really)- really, really;
  • BRB (be right back)- I'll be back soon;
  • TTYL (talk to you later)- we’ll talk later, “before we get in touch”;
  • IMHO (in my honest opinion)- in my opinion, in my opinion;
  • AKA (also known as)- also known as;
  • TIA (thanks in advance)- thanks in advance.

Let's look at the use of the abbreviations given above in examples:

  • According to my work schedule I need to come to work at 8 a.m.-According to my work schedule, I need to come to work at 8 am.
  • AFAIK this concert will be held 2day.-As far as I know, the concert will be held today.
  • All these events happened in 455 B.C.- All these events took place in 455 BC.
  • I invite u to my BD 2nite.- I invite you to my birthday tonight.
  • BTW she was RLY good at Math at school. - By the way (by the way) she was really good at mathematics when she was in school.
  • I"m sorry. I"m in hurry. TTYL.-I'm sorry, I'm in a hurry. Let's talk later.

General purpose English abbreviations are described quite interestingly in this video:

Business letters and abbreviations

Writing business letters and compiling business correspondence today requires high-quality study and a careful approach. When faced for the first time with the design and decoding of abbreviations in business English, a beginner sometimes experiences confusion and bewilderment as to what it all means. The difficulty lies in using this or that abbreviation correctly, as well as in the specifics of business vocabulary. However, as in any area of ​​language learning, knowledge and a little practice will help you overcome any difficulties.

A number of abbreviations are used only in writing, but are pronounced in oral speech full forms words:

  • Mr. (mister)- Mister;
  • Mrs. (mistress)- Mrs.
  • Dr. (Doctor)- doctor;
  • St. (Saint/Street)- saint or street;
  • Blvd. (boulevard)- boulevard;
  • Ave. (avenue)- avenue;
  • Sq. (square)- square;
  • Rd. (road)- road;
  • Bldg. (building)- building;
  • B.Sc. (Bachelor of Science)- Bachelor of Science;
  • M.A. (Master of Arts)- Master of Arts;
  • Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)- PhD;
  • M.D. (Doctor of Medicine)- Doctor of Medical Sciences.

The most popular business abbreviations of English words are given below:

  • Co (company)- company;
  • PA (personal assistant)- personal assistant;
  • Appx. (appendix)- application;
  • Re. (reply)- answer;
  • p. (page)- page;
  • smth. (something)- something;
  • smb. (somebody)- somebody;
  • vs ( lat. versus)- against;
  • etc. ( lat. et cetera)- And so on.

Popular three-letter acronyms ( TLA or Three-Letter Acronyms) in the business sphere:

  • CAO (Chief Administrative Officer)- Administration Manager;
  • CEO (Chief Executive Officer)- chief executive officer (CEO);
  • exp. (export)- export - removal of goods beyond the borders of the country;
  • HR (human resources)- HR service of the enterprise;
  • HQ (Headquarters)- main department of the company;
  • LLC (limited liability company)- limited liability company (LLC);
  • R&D (research and development)- Research and development;
  • IT (information technology)- information Technology.

Examples business correspondence using abbreviations :

  • Dear Mr. Braun, our Co will be glad to offer you the position of CAO.- Dear Mr. Brown, our company will be glad to offer you the position of chief accountant of the company.
  • Dear Ms. Stone, my PA will definitely contact you about changes in exp. process - Dear Miss Stone, my personal secretary will contact you regarding changes in the export process.

Chats and SMS

As stated above, in English there are Three Letter Acronyms ( TLA or Three-Letter Acronyms), which help shorten and condense fairly large phrases into 3 letters. Today, this is a fairly popular way to save time when corresponding on social networks.

  • BFN (bye for now)- see you later, bye
  • BTW (by the way)- By the way
  • FYI (for your information)- for your information
  • JIT (just in time)- during
  • IOW (in other words)- in other words, in other words
  • NRN (no reply is necessary)- no answer required
  • OTOH (on the other hand)- on the other side

As for SMS abbreviations, there are a huge number of them.
The specificity of such abbreviations is that it can be almost impossible to decipher without a detailed analysis.

  • GL (good luck)- Good luck!
  • GB (good bye)- Bye
  • DNO (don't know)- Don't know
  • ASAYGT (as soon as you get this)- as soon as you receive it
  • B4 (before)- before
  • BC (because)- because
  • BON (believe it or not)- believe it or not
  • BW (best wishes)- best wishes
  • BZ (busy)- busy
  • CYT (see you tomorrow)- see you tomorrow
  • Wish you G.L. on your exam. Mom. - I wish you good luck in the exam. Mother.
  • Sorry. BZ. C.Y.T.- I am sorry. Busy. See you tomorrow.
  • I will be JIT. G.B.- I'll be on time. Bye.

For a detailed overview of English abbreviations for words in SMS, we recommend visiting, which contains 2000+ abbreviations.

As we can see, the topic is quite extensive, but don’t be scared! After encountering acronyms and abbreviations in English several times, you just can't help but fall in love with them for their originality and help in saving you time. And once you love something, you will definitely and easily remember it!

We suggest you choose a couple of abbreviations for yourself right now and surprise your loved ones with improved communication! BFN and watch your step while texting!

Big and Friendly family EnglishDom