Time is the people's wealth, the same as mineral resources, forests, and lakes. It can be used wisely, and it can be destroyed. It’s so easy to let it slip, sleep through it, spend it on fruitless expectations, chasing fashion, drinking, you never know. Sooner or later, our schools will begin to teach children how to “use time.” The author is convinced that from childhood it is necessary to cultivate a love of nature and a love of time. And teach how to save time, how to find it, how to get it. The most important thing is to teach how to report on time.
Daniil Granin
Russian writer and public figure
Introduction
It was this quote that gave me the idea - to write a material on time management, to reflect in it such fundamentals and rules that, firstly, will be convenient and pleasant to use, and secondly, they will bring significant benefits if you start applying them in life. In this material we will talk not only about such a science as time management, but in general we will try to build a vision of life that should help maximum number people, and especially the younger generation. Before we get started, I’ll ask you a question: “How do you feel about having your money stolen?” I guess you don't see anything good in this. But time is an even greater value than money; you need to understand this as quickly as possible. This value is irreplaceable. By learning to take care of your time, you will learn to take care of other people's. Yes, you need to start with yourself. You need to cultivate this quality in yourself.
Chapter 1. Reasons for lack of time
In this chapter, you need to list all the main reasons why you cannot do more and find a solution for them.
Dream
Getting ready for school
Studies
You have 9 hours left to do your homework, your hobbies, communicate with friends, all your chores and responsibilities! This is truly a wealth that many adults who spend significant time at work dream of.
Andrey Belousov, a student of grade 9 “A” in 2009 wrote research work on the topic: “Time for a high school student. How to manage it." In his work, after conducting a survey, he identified the following reasons for the lack of time among guys like him. The results were as follows (I combined some because they were similar): 1. I take too long to do my homework. 2. Internet and TV take up a lot of time. 3. I don’t plan my day in advance. From here I shift things to later, and there is no clear picture of what needs to be done. 4. I am easily distracted from important matters by unrelated matters. 5. I don’t finish what I started. 6. I do everything very slowly and generally rock for a long time at the beginning of the day. I believe that each of you has found yourself in these problems that prevent you from living and learning fully. If I’m mistaken and everything is fine with you, then you can close the work. And for those who want to solve these problems for themselves, I advise you to continue reading. Next, I will try to go through these “time wasters” problems in detail.
Reason #1 I take too long homework. How to do homework effectively?
The information highlighted below is truly not for the faint of heart; if you are the type of overly impressionable person, then I strongly recommend skipping it:
Important
Do your homework in the morning. To do this, you need to get up 2 hours earlier, and, of course, go to bed too. For most, productivity in the morning is exactly 2 times higher than in the evening. For example, if you do your homework in the evening for 4 hours, then in the morning the same work will take you only 2 hours. Plus, you will absorb information much better. Not only will you reduce your work time, but the quality of your morning classes will be higher. In addition, by the first lesson at school, your brain, unlike your classmates, will be in full combat readiness, it will think faster, while your classmates, as a rule, yawn throughout the entire first lesson and do not understand what’s what.
Nowadays, the tendency to spend almost everything on social networks is quite firmly rooted. free time, communicating and viewing pictures from famous public pages. However, in the morning, almost no one will be able to distract you from work, because there will simply be no one. Your classmates will be asleep. And in the evening, unlike them, you can do what you love. How you spend the two hours you gain from doing homework in the morning is up to you.
Reason No. 2 Internet and TV take up a lot of time
This technology, whose task was to give a person the opportunity to do more in less time, for many, on the contrary, has become a real cauldron in which thousands of hours are burned. At one time, this “cauldron” also consumed a significant part of my time. I decided that this problem could only be solved in a radical way.
1. Give the opportunity to write personal messages on VKontakte to only a few people. For example, I only got 3, these are the people with whom it is not possible to communicate live. They are far from me.
2. Remove from the news feed public posts that do not develop me in any way and do not provide anything useful. Now I only receive news from my study group. Filter out everything unnecessary.
3. Deleted accounts on Twitter, Instagram. At first they were offended at me and asked, “Why can’t I write to you on VKontakte?” Over time, the majority finally realized that they could call me on very important matters. And what do you think, the flow of meaningless communication “for the sake of communication” has stopped.
TV
Think about what will happen to you if you don’t watch TV? Yes, NOTHING will happen to you! 99.9% of the information you receive from newspapers, TV or the Internet is not related to you in any way at all. Why worry needlessly about “where the world is heading”?
Another way to rid yourself of unnecessary communication on social networks, without blocking access from everyone, is to connect yourself to notifications from VKontakte about new personal messages by mail. That is, you will receive text messages directly to your inbox. It’s immediately clear whether it makes sense to go there and respond, or not, whether someone’s message requires an immediate response, or whether it will wait. It very often happens that a person who wrote to you about a “very urgent and important matter” that no one else can handle except you, resolves the issue not later. a large number of time on your own. Statistics show that this figure is close to 100% in some cases.
Go to Settings – Alerts – Alerts by e-mail, check the box next to personal messages.
Reason #3 I don't plan my day
… Even the simplest plan, if designed correctly, will give you much more freedom and much more time for those activities that you really like and enjoy.
Diana De Lonzor
« The easy way stop being late"
Brian Tracy, famous American author large number bestsellers on the topic of self-development, motivation, sales, quite often advises the following: “Think on paper.” “By formulating a task in writing, you sharpen it and give it tangible tangibility; you create something that you can touch and see. Until a goal is written down, it remains just a wish or a fantasy. There is no energy in it. Unfixed goals lead to confusion, uncertainty, misdirection and many mistakes.” “Having a goal on paper and an organized action plan will make you much more productive. Your achievements will compare favorably with those who keep their intentions in mind.”
Small portions
Don't try to cover a large area of work at once. In order for the work to proceed, and you have the desire to return to it, and not put it off, you need to break it down into a large number of small points. You will not have the same fear of facing one big task, which you were previously afraid of because you did not know which way to approach it. Let's say you need to study the work of A.P. Chekhov. Read his key works, which are present in the school literature course. First, we will find biographical information. We will see that in the writer’s work, researchers distinguish 3 periods. Let's immediately break down our work into subsections.
I. The first, associated with short humorous stories.
1. Read the criticism of the stories.
2. Read the story “Chameleon”.
3. Read the story “The Man in the Case.”
4. Read the story “The Death of an Official.”
II. The second is long stories and novellas with a “novel” beginning.
1. Take a quick look at Sakhalin Island.
2. Review the plays “The Seagull”, “Three Sisters”
As we see, our work in studying creativity has already become more specific. After reading the stories of the first period, we will turn to criticism and study the opinions of researchers. What, in fact, is the novelty and strength of these stories. Then we will gradually proceed to the next stage and finally complete the work.
BUT! Making a to-do list is one thing, but completing them is another. Put deadlines next to each item. The work of studying Chekhov's work can be divided into a week, maybe less. In any case, it depends on setting your goals: how fully you need to approach this issue so that we can ultimately be satisfied with the result.
Important
The task of time management is not to load your day with activities as much as possible, but to unload it from unnecessary ones. Perform the most important and most responsible tasks more efficiently
When to make a to-do list?
Set aside time for this activity about an hour before bed. Find out what subjects you have homework for in the morning, highlight the most important one in order of importance, then the one that is less important, etc. Start with the most difficult task first, because having completed it, you will receive an emotional impulse, satisfaction from having completed it, and with even greater desire to begin completing the remaining work. Arrange your to-do list in order of importance. Do the most important ones first, because even the most difficult tasks will not become easier to complete, no matter how much you put them off.
Grid of the day
The first half of the day, as a rule, is quite clearly scheduled for most schoolchildren. The lesson gives way to a break, then another lesson, etc. And the second half, from about 14:00, is your personal time. Someone attends extracurricular classes, goes to clubs, sections, thus freeing up time even later. But let's try to think about how our uncontrolled time, the second half of the day, can be curbed.
1. Isn't it time to bring back quiet time? If you feel tired after returning from school, a club or a section, rest. And you need to do this not by sitting in front of a computer or TV, but by disconnecting from all means of communication and getting some sleep. In order not to go into deep sleep, into the slow-wave sleep phase, a short 30-minute nap will be enough for you. Your strength will be restored once or twice. The brain will be ready to be absorbed new information. When you wake up, resist the temptation to pick up your phone or turn on your computer. Take on the important task that needs to be done. Do it immediately!
2. Change activities every hour. IN famous phrase V.V. Mayakovsky “Comrade, remember the simple rule: if you work while sitting, rest while standing!” there is a lot of truth. Read it again. Also, alternate between less enjoyable activities and more enjoyable ones. Diana De Lonzor in her book “The Easy Way to Stop Being Late” confirms this idea: First, we put off and put off starting something, and then, having started it, we postpone stopping it. The inability to stop halfway is partly explained by the desire to have fun and the desire to avoid unpleasant experiences. Changing activities is often accompanied by some discomfort. ...And it can be especially difficult to interrupt if you have delayed the start. For example, you tidy up your room or read a book and feel quite good - until the time comes to stop this activity. But after you strengthen your willpower, you will be able to not only start things on time. But also stop them at the right time.
3. Record the time. I divided each notebook page into 2 columns. In one I write down what I spend it on. Time up to 5 minutes may not be recorded. Especially keep track of the afternoons when there are no classes. When we keep such records, then on a subconscious level we begin to reproach ourselves for the fact that another hour has passed and you have done nothing. A notepad will greatly help you with this.
4. Figure it out, how long it will take to complete this or that task in order to complete the key ones first. If you don’t have enough time, then move minor matters to tomorrow. At first, you will overestimate your abilities, setting insufficient time for execution, so I recommend immediately setting aside an additional 20-30% of time to complete the task.
5. Get ready in the evening. Decide in the evening what you will wear in the morning, especially for girls, because for this reason many are late, spend a long time rummaging through their underwear and don’t know what to choose. If you follow the advice to do your homework in the morning, and I strongly recommend this, then prepare all the necessary textbooks and notebooks on your desk in the evening. Yes, tidy it up so there are no distractions.
Don't overwork yourself!
Let's sum it up: don't overwork yourself. If you feel that your brain is tired, give it a rest. Arrange tasks in a notebook by importance and start completing them immediately. Keep track of time and track how much you need for certain tasks.
Scum of time
Quite a lot of time is spent on the road, waiting for the turn to come, when to come the right person. Therefore, now I will list some tips on how to spend your time profitably. Waiting time.
1. Read on the go. A.A. Lyubishchev, around the 30s of the 20th century, noted the following: “What are the advantages of reading on the road? Firstly, you don’t feel any inconveniences on the road, you can easily put up with them; Secondly, nervous system is in better condition than under other conditions." For example, I always have a Nook Simple Touch e-reader in my inner pocket. Firstly, he small sizes, easy. Secondly, the round trip alone gives me a whole hour of reading. Yes, perhaps not exactly the same conditions, but in this way you can develop the ability to concentrate, despite the noise and extraneous conversations.
2. Audiobooks, audio courses. If you get to school on foot, or the roads do not allow you to concentrate at least a little on the text and hold the book in your hands, then download the necessary audiobooks or audio courses. For example, on the road you can learn poems that are read by an announcer. Good announcers take the right pauses, and at the same time learn how professionals read them with feeling.
3. Insignificant matters. If you have tasks on your daily to-do list that are not a priority, why not spend your time waiting in queues getting them done? For example, check your email, think about how to spend the coming weekend, who to meet, where to go, what to read.
Reason #4 I am easily distracted from important matters by unrelated things
When you have taken on some important task, working on your homework, solving a test or writing an essay, it is important not to be distracted, otherwise you will lose your thoughts, lose concentration and it will take much more time to work.
We create favorable conditions for work and reading
1. Find a secluded place. At school, you can go to the library or an empty classroom to read or study useful thing.
2. Let technology work for you. Turn off the sound on your phone and all notifications that come to your phone, you can even set it to “Airplane” mode and no one will be able to reach you at this time. And get into the habit of checking your email or messages from social networks Scheduled. If you are often distracted, then first set a goal to check them no more than 5 times a day. Then you can reduce this figure.
3. Let others work for you. It’s no wonder you have time to do everything. Yes, and this is not necessary. When you are at home, simply ask them to answer your parents' calls and not to be distracted.
4. Listen to Mozart. There is an assumption that Mozart's works, like any other classical music, help improve concentration and memory while reading and memorizing text. As you work, let it play in the background to help you focus on what you're doing. If you don't like Mozart, just listen to music without words or any soothing melody. Something in the New Age style with piano and guitar is perfect. Make sure that the selected ringtones do not bother you.
5. Sit in the right place. If you want to increase your chances of learning to concentrate and understand and remember text better, sit at a desk or desk, as these are the places your brain has come to associate with work.
6. Turn off the TV. If you are going to engage in serious reading and set certain goals and objectives for yourself, the accompaniment played by the turned on TV will only get in the way.
7. Read during your most productive hours of the day. If you know that you work better in the morning, find an opportunity to read during this time. Schedule your reading according to your body's natural rhythm.
8. If you are going to read a lot(or work a lot) and you have a lot of different things on your mind, write down what you are thinking about. If you are worried that you might forget to call someone, write yourself a reminder (keep a notepad with you at all times).
9. Set yourself a time frame. Set aside the time for reading that you can actually spend on it. When I write this material, I have a stopwatch in front of me, which allows me to work faster. You begin to feel time running inexorably.
10. Take breaks. Every schoolchild or student should read a lot. But reading for hours without rest can not only leave you exhausted and tired, but it will also bring up unpleasant memories in the future, which can cause you to lose interest in reading. 45 minutes is not a figure made up out of thin air. Allow yourself to take a break from reading every 45 minutes. The longer you work, the longer your stops should be. If you set yourself the task of devoting 3 hours to reading, then for the first break you can allocate 5 minutes, after the second forty-five minutes 10, after the third - 15. Then, of course, it will be useful to do physical labor.
Teaching yourself to say “No”
One of the reasons why we are so often distracted from important matters by unrelated ones is that we simply do not know how to refuse people. They ask us, sometimes, for completely basic things that we could definitely handle, but a mechanism turns on in our heads that caustically tells us: “help if you don’t want the relationship to deteriorate.” As Jana Frank once noted in her book The Muse and the Beast, “99 percent of the reasons people come to you for are not really urgent at all.” So is it worth it to instantly respond to someone’s request to the detriment of your own business? Just imagine how much you could get done if you weren’t distracted every time!
In addition, if you do not respond to a request immediately, but after 15 minutes, then you will be surprised that the supposedly “problem that cannot be solved without you” has already been solved! Learn to say no. “No” is a solution, “maybe” is the worst answer you can imagine. When we say “no” to a person, we make him think. First of all, think about how to try to resolve the issue yourself. And since over time we teach those around us to shift even the smallest issues and responsibilities onto our shoulders, it is no wonder that a person simply stops thinking about the problem. His task from now on is to find you as quickly as possible and foist his problem on you.
Be cool. Say your steadfast “no” or “yes”. But still, “no” is better than “yes.” Don't be afraid to ask people to wait, to leave, to call back in 15 minutes or half an hour. Believe me, nothing incredible will happen in their lives during this time. Because people come to you when it is most convenient for them. And since they need you, it’s their business to wait until it’s convenient for you.
If someone asks you to do something for them, ask: “Wait, what do you actually need and where can I find it?” This way, you leave it to him to solve the problem himself. So always ask questions before you habitually say, “Okay, I’ll handle it myself.” And take into account the following phrases:
Sorry, but I already have too many things to do and responsibilities.
Thank you for the offer, but I have to refuse.
Thank you for remembering me, but I have other plans.
Indeed, in most cases, simply saying “no” is enough for the person to stop asking you to do something.
Reason #5: I don’t finish what I started.
This reason often follows from the previous one. We get distracted, put off work in every possible way, devote too little time, set it after completing unimportant ones, etc., and as a result, we move away from achieving priority goals.
« A goal is the constant pursuit of a worthy object until its achievement" Let's take a closer look at each word in this sentence. “Constant” is the performance of a specific action that requires time. The word “persecution”, I believe, in this case means that certain difficulties and barriers will have to be overcome. “A worthy object,” that is, our time spent and the amount of effort spent are needed in order to get something really good and necessary, useful. And the last phrase “until achievement” first of all suggests that you will never stop until you reach it - the goal.
The goal should be exclusively yours, you decide what you want to achieve, what you want to achieve and what kind of life you want to have. Don't let others set your goals for you.
Before you start writing down your goals, ask yourself 3 simple questions:
1. What is really important to me?
2. What am I willing to give up for this?
3. What will I win? Be more specific when setting goals.
The goal of “doing well in exams” is not a goal, but just a dream. The goal should be specific and motivate action, for example: “I want to score *** points based on the sum of three exams. For this I will prepare for at least an hour a day, except Sunday.” Your goal should be clear and understandable. Now write down on a piece of paper right now 12 goals that you would like to achieve during the year. Then choose one, the most important one, and write it down on a separate piece of paper. Make a schedule, a plan of your actions. Even though the work to achieve the goal can be changed, you should not force yourself into a framework and engage in routine all the time. As part of achieving this goal, one can find different types activities that will bring it closer to its implementation.
Before you start having problems with motivation, selectively share it with your inner circle, let them support you in difficult times.
Lastly, write down one or more key reasons, according to which you need to achieve your goal in required deadlines because the reasons are those driving force, which will keep you on your toes even in the most difficult times
Reason #6 I do everything slowly and generally rock for a long time at the beginning of the day.
After we learned how to make to-do lists. To form a vision of what we have to do today, tomorrow and the whole next week, all that remains is to overcome our laziness and get down to business.
1. In addition, you must clearly understand that it is necessary to start the day and perform duties with the most difficult and most important task, which will bring you closer to achieving your goal. If the goal is not written, not recorded on paper, then it is just a dream that does not stimulate you to work normally.
2. Set artificial time frames. Set a timer, let it be in front of your eyes, then you will work much faster.
3. Reward yourself for successes, even the smallest ones. It is not so important how you stimulate yourself, it is important to feel the result of your changes, your work.
4. Stop scolding yourself with or without reason. Praise yourself. Let others scold you, but you will always have time for yourself. Encouraging yourself with a kind word is still better than letting your inner voice laugh at you in every possible way.
5. Don't take on too many tasks and responsibilities. Your daily schedule should have enough free areas for relaxation, time to think, and escape from everything. Then you will work more concentrated and move on to a new task faster. Remember, our physical and mental capabilities are not limitless.
Chapter 2
A little more action
How can I wake up?
“The hardest thing is getting up in the morning!” – many will exclaim. It's difficult, no doubt about it. In fact, the theory that a person needs to sleep 8 hours a day is somewhat misleading. During sleep, a person alternates between slow and fast sleep phases. On average, one phase of REM sleep lasts about 20 minutes, and slow sleep lasts about 2 hours.
Sleep begins with the REM sleep phase, followed by the slow-wave sleep phase, then REM sleep again, and so on. That is, if we want to feel good after waking up, we need to get up before the slow-wave sleep phase begins, otherwise you will curse everything in the world and never want to get up unless someone showers you cold water. You will feel more alert if you sleep: 2:20 minutes, 4:40 minutes, 7 hours, 9:20 minutes, 11:40. Of course, 2 options will be acceptable for us in this case - 7 hours or 9:20 minutes. As you can see, there is no 8 o'clock here.
If you fall asleep quickly enough, then still give yourself a small head start so that your sleep is approximately 7 hours. For example, I don’t fall asleep right away; on average it takes from 20 to 30 minutes. Therefore, I add these additional minutes to 7 o’clock. Keep track of your phases, some will have slightly different indicators.
Relax. The benefits of short sleep.
Quite often after long work or reading, my head starts to ache a little. The brain says it is tired and urgently needs a break. I believe that in almost any school library there are far corners where you can “catch” silence. Sit comfortably on a chair, or better yet, an armchair, put on headphones and turn on relaxing music quietly. For example, I also have a special sleep mask, which really helps eliminate such an irritant as bright light. So, having made yourself comfortable, give yourself the opportunity to forget about everything for 15 minutes, and even try to fall asleep. Of course, it wouldn't hurt to set the alarm clock.
After such a rest, your brain will thank you and reward you with the opportunity to work productively again.
Keep records
How do you like this idea: when applying for a job, they will look not only at your diploma, if one is needed, but also ask for a list of books you have read in the required specialty?
I confess that writing this manual would have been impossible if I had not previously begun to take notes from books and write down from them the most interesting things that I encountered during the reading process. I enter all data into OneNote. Ibid. full list works that have been read Last year, and a list of books to be read.
Be sure to challenge yourself to read a certain amount each month. You don't know which one will have the most impact on you. strong impression, but the search must be continuous, because the more you have time to read, the more likely it is that you will stumble upon the very book that will allow you to reconsider your life...
Let’s say, if a year ago a very small 10x15 notebook was enough for me, now I use a fairly large one - an A5 spring notebook. The setting of tasks and their control have also undergone a slight transformation. Somewhere on Saturday evening I sit down and sum up the results of the week, see which tasks were completed and which were not. If there is something small left, then I have Sunday to finish them off, if not, then I proceed to the second step.
The second step is that I make a list on one sheet of paper of all the tasks that need to be completed in a week, including those that I did not have time to complete. If these are really important things, then I set them to be completed no later than Wednesday. Otherwise, such tasks tend to be shifted further and further. When the complete list is compiled, I begin to scatter them by day. As a rule, I don’t touch Saturday and Sunday at all.
For every day there is a “frog”, a task that requires its speedy completion. And the most difficult thing, the one I’ve been working towards for so long, that I started and then gave up after some time, is a diary. It’s hard to call it a diary, because before going to bed I just write down my thoughts and feelings, the memories that I realized during the day. I use the same notepad for this. I turn it over (I don’t turn it to the end, but just turn it over, since the notebook is spring-loaded, the pages are covered with writing on all sides). Simple, at first glance, notes are very helpful in freeing yourself from many sad thoughts, putting your brain in order, and giving it a rest at night.
1. Formulated tasks.
2. Tasks in progress.
3. Completed tasks.
I like the mechanics that are implemented there. You simply move task cards across columns. Peculiar game process, when you are working on a task with the thoughts “I’ll finally finish this task and drag it to “completed”!”
For tasks (you can give descriptions and comments), you write down links to the materials you used, so that later, after a while, when you need to repeat something, everything will be at hand.
Over time, when a lot of these cards accumulate, they can be sorted into other columns, for example, by time, or by author. As you prefer.
I also actively use the wunderlist.com application. Everything is the same - cross-platform, the ability to work together from any device, etc. Only it is more tailored to small tasks, some ideas that arose suddenly. And since your phone is always with you, you can quickly record them.
That's probably all. Nothing else seems to have changed dramatically. Don't forget to share your life hacks, young life hackers!
CONCLUSION
I hope that as you read, you were able to ask yourself questions that helped you overcome some of life's challenges. I understand that this material for some will seem too far from the truth and from the possibility practical application, because it is not provided with the necessary number of examples illustrating certain theses and advice.
Still, I hope that by applying at least some of the tips outlined above, you will realize that your work was not in vain. As the great industrialist H. Ford said, “everything can be done better than it has been done before.” The desire to change your habits, to make them useful not only for yourself, but also for those around you, is a great thing.
This is still only the first attempt to combine the small accumulated experience of time management, so now my goal was also to understand how useful this work would be. I really need your feedback. Any criticism and feedback, your stories.
I hope that the work will continue, and in the future it will be replenished with ideas on how to improve your life, change habits and start managing time. Your stories will be a good inspiration for peers like you.
Exercise "Values and Priorities".
The exercise helps to determine the core values of each participant and set priorities and determine for themselves the main criteria based on which it is necessary to determine further steps in planning and achieving life goals.
The trainer distributes 10 pre-prepared sheets of paper to the participants and asks the participants to write 10 of their life values, what their whole life is based on. After this, participants are tasked with prioritizing the acquired values in order of importance in their lives. After these two processes are completed, the coach asks to split into pairs. In pairs, the work proceeds as follows. The first participant lays out his life principles according to the priorities. The second participant asks him a question, pointing to value number “1”: Are you ready to have this, but not have value number “2”? For example, are you ready to have health, but not have wealth? If the answer is yes, then everything remains as it is; if the answer is no, then the values change places. And the question is asked again, etc. As a result, all questions should have a positive answer. Then the participants change places and the process is repeated.
Time: 20-30 minutes.
« Tie thread ». This exercise helps you realize the inextricable relationship between all actions. It allows you to visualize the fact that paying too much attention to any one activity will damage the time allotted for the implementation of another goal. The presenter takes a ball of thread and, leaving its end in his hand, passes the skein to another participant, while naming what he wants to achieve. In turn, the participant passes the resulting ball further around the circle, wrapping a thread around his finger and voicing his dream or goal. And so on until all group members take part in the lesson.
Exercise "Anti-time".
Each participant is given a topic for a short story. For example: “Theater”, “Shop”, “Trip out of town”. The person who receives the topic must reveal it, describing all the events related to it “backwards” - as if a film was scrolling in the opposite direction.
Exercise “Your time sink”
Identify your five main “sinks” and “traps” of time and fill out the table: Your “Sink” of time Possible causes of time loss Corrective measures 1. individual work. 2. Then work in pairs. 3. grouping into 3-4 groups for general discussion
Exercise "Free time"
Imagine that you have 2 hours freed up a day. What can you do with this time? Write what you would spend 2 free hours a day on. Write those things that are truly dear to you. Maybe it's time with family and friends, maybe it's pursuing a hobby, maybe you want to start your own business - whatever. The main thing is that it is truly yours.
Now let's move on! 2 hours a day * 365 days = 730 hours = 30 days = a whole month! Therefore, by saving just 2 hours a day, you have a whole month of free time! How would you spend it, what would you have time to do?
Exercise “Dispelling Myths”
Please write what myths you have about time management. And under each myth, write at least three reasons why this myth is not true, and after that write a new belief that will replace this myth.
For example:
Myth: Time management is used only by businessmen and then managers
Why this is not true:
1. I know a lot of people who use time management without holding high positions.
2. Several decades ago, computers were used only in large organizations; now everyone has a computer at home.
3. Maybe I also want to rise to their level. Why don't I use time management too.
New statement:
It doesn’t matter to me who uses certain techniques, I will use all the tools that work for me.
Exercise
Please describe what happens to you when you are in your most resourceful state. So, what parameters can you use to describe the state:
what you focus on;
music is playing or not playing;
maybe you say certain words to yourself;
maybe an attractive picture of the final result appears before your eyes;
your sensations in the body;
the position in which you sit;
how you breathe;
The more detailed you describe your condition, the better. Now when you want to go into a resource state; embody everything that you described above: body position, breathing, posture, turn on the music, imagine visual images, and you will immediately go into a resourceful state. You can even always carry with you a list of things that help you move into your resource state.
Exercise "Poverty, wealth and the Lord God."
This exercise allows participants to experience extreme situations in their imagination and imagine what the changes they are unconsciously striving for could actually lead to.
Even when our lives are going quite well, we sometimes experience an unpleasant feeling. Sometimes this is due to the fact that we strive to achieve long-set goals and forget to adjust them in accordance with the changes occurring within us. Life forces us to think more deeply about what is happening and to reconsider our goals.
Try to experience several unusual situations in your imagination. Imagine that you suddenly fell into extreme need. What are you going to do? What of your property do you want to preserve, even at the cost of great effort? Which elements of your lifestyle will you want to leave unchanged and at what cost? What new opportunities will poverty open for you? What might be your chance? Describe how you would act in such a situation, how you would feel, what you would think about. Time = 10 min.
Now imagine that you have received a huge fortune. What will this mean for you? What will you do first? What opportunities will this open for you? Write what you will do in this situation, what plans you will make. Time = 10 min.
And finally, imagine yourself in the role of God. What will you change, what will you create new to make this world a better place? Time = 10 min.
Now think for a while about what you want - perhaps for a long time, or maybe only recently - to change in your life. What goals do you consider important? How could you change your life plans?
Discussion.
What was the most difficult situation to be in? Why?
The technological map of the lesson is given in Appendix Appendix 1.
2. Exercise “Associations”
Target: introduction to the topic, activation of the group.
Students are asked to name their associations with the word “Time.” Performed in a circle.
3. Working with metaphorical cards “Fire flickering in a vessel”
Target: awareness of problems in organizing your time.
Time: 15 minutes
Cards with images of vessels are laid out on the table.
Stage 1. Instructions: Have you heard the expression “vessel of time”? Imagine your life, your time as a vessel. Go to the table and choose the vessel that seems closest to you, about which you can say “This is me.”
Discussion in a circle:
What emotions did you experience when choosing the vessel?
How is he similar to you?
Stage 2. Instructions: now go back to the table. There are many cards with pictures laid out on it. Look at them silently. Select one or more cards that could fill the vessel of your time.
Place the selected picture (or several pictures) under the vessel card. Thus, your time vessel is full.
Discussion:
How do you fill your time?
How does this filling of the vessel manifest itself in your life?
Tell me, how do you feel with your time vessel so filled?
Is the filling of the vessel of your time harmonious?
What is missing for harmony?
Stage 3. Go to the table again and find a card that could bring harmony to your vessel?
How might this manifest itself in the distribution of your activities throughout the day, week, year? What do I need to do?
What emotions are you experiencing now?
4. Exercise “Merchant and Time”
Students are invited to listen to the story:
“It was a long time ago...
Once upon a time there lived a merchant. He worked very hard, he did not have a minute of free time. The merchant traveled to different cities in which he traded, but he did not have time to look at the beautiful buildings in these cities or talk with the townspeople. The merchant had a family, but, preoccupied with important matters, the merchant did not play with his young sons and did not raise them when they grew up. The merchant had friends, but over the years everyone got lost somewhere, and only business partners remained.
But the merchant accumulated a huge multimillion-dollar fortune. And so, he finally decided that he could afford to take a year off and live that year in luxury with his family. As soon as he thought about this, the angel of death descended to him.
The merchant was a very good trader, so he decided to bargain with the angel for some time and decided to buy him at any price:
I will give you a third of my fortune if you allow me to live at least three more days.
However, the angel stood his ground.
Okay, I'll give you three million for just one day of my life. I need this day so that I can visit my family, whom I constantly don’t see due to being always busy. And I also want to enjoy last time the beauty of the Earth.
However, the angel did not agree.
Then the merchant began to beg to give him one minute, he wanted to write farewell words to his son...”
(and now in two minutes everyone must come up with the ending of this fairy tale).
Next, participants take turns telling their options. The coach takes notes. A discussion is held between the participants. The trainer provides feedback on the participants' individual strategies, acting as an expert.
In fact, the fairy tale ends like this:
“...The angel decided to satisfy this desire of the merchant.
The entrepreneur wrote to his son: Cherish your priceless time, I couldn’t buy even an hour with all the millions I earned.”
5. Exercise “Time management”
Target: time consumption analysis.
Time: 7 minutes
The following diagram represents a period of time equal to one day. The form is given in Appendix 3.
Use colored pencils to fill in the sectors of the diagram according to your time expenditure. The dial reflects the time of day. What do you usually do in one day? I advise you to take as an example not a school day, but a day off.
Now count and write down how much time you devote to various areas of your life. How many hours a day, i.e. Out of 24 hours, do you usually devote to each area of activity? In each case, add the approximate number of hours at the end:
- relationships and family___________ hours
- health and sports___________ hours
- money___________ hours
- studies, career___________ hours
- personal growth ___________ hours
- friends and surroundings___________ hours
- brightness of life___________ hours
- spiritual growth and creativity___________ hours
Total= 24 hours
Now calmly look at the resulting diagram.
- Are you satisfied with the way you distribute own time?
- What do you wish you had more time for?
- What would you like to spend less time on?
- What can you realistically do to achieve the appropriate changes?
6. Exercise “Chronophages”.
Target: search for personal chronophages.
Time: 4 minutes.
But there are things that do not bring any benefit to a person, but only waste his time in vain. These are the so-called chronophages. For example: inability to finish a telephone conversation on time, sitting “just like that” in “Contact”, postponing things for later, etc.
A soft toy is used. It is passed around in a circle; each student, upon receiving the toy, names “their chronophage.”
7. Final exercise.
Target: reflection
Time: 5 minutes.
How do you feel now? What surprised you? What do you remember? What did you like? What were the difficulties? What will you use in life?
Final word from a psychologist.
The technological map of the lesson is given in Appendix 1 .
1. Organizing time. Introductory speech by a psychologist. Voice of the topic.
Reminder of the rules for working in training mode. Removing expectations.
2. Exercise “Squirrel in a wheel”
Target: opening act for the band
Time: 3 minutes.
The presenter calls a volunteer. He asks him whether the participant has a lot of routine things in life that are not very pleasant, boring, but obligatory. As the participant names these cases, the presenter writes them down on separate pieces of paper. Having completed the list of routine tasks, the presenter places the pieces of paper in different corners of the audience with the inscriptions facing up. Next, the presenter raises the participants and invites them to “live the life” of this volunteer. The presenter names the cases in random order, and the participants must all move together to the card on which the case is written and stand next to it. As soon as all participants are grouped near this place, the leader calls another task, gradually accelerating the pace of the exercise.
Having run around, the participants take their places. The cards are removed.
The exercise is repeated with another volunteer.
Discussion :
Have you managed to feel at least a little “in the shoes” of another person?
What emotions did you have while running?
What are your emotions now?
What is the best way to live so as not to remind yourself of “a squirrel in a wheel”?
Exercise No. 2 “Stopwatch”
Goal: individual characteristics of time perception.
Performance. The exercise will be performed by the whole group. Students must close their eyes. You can't count seconds to yourself. After a minute has passed, open your eyes and immediately look at the screen. There is a stopwatch on the screen ( Appendix 4). You need to remember the time on the stopwatch.
Teacher's comments:
If you open your eyes before 55 seconds, it means you are in too much of a hurry and are at risk of rapid exhaustion. Time actually moves slower than you think.
If it is more than 66 seconds, you prefer not to rush, but sometimes you still need to speed up your perception of time, otherwise you may not have time to do anything.
3. Exercise "Goldfish"
Target: demonstration of mistakes when setting goals.
Time: 5 minutes
Instructions
A volunteer is called. The presenter starts talking to him at a fast pace to create a moment of confusion. As if casually, you need to address the audience: “Look more carefully at what is going to happen now.”
Sample text for a volunteer: “You caught a goldfish. You have 15 seconds to make three wishes for her.”
If a participant makes but does not say wishes, how will Rybka guess about them? If spoken, the presenter repeats them as they were said. For example:
Participant: House...
Leading: (draws a house).
Here's your home. Get it! Or: Okay, I’ll have a house next year. You didn’t say who you wished for a house for, did you?
Participant: a lot of money.
Leading: Chip in a ruble! Here's a bunch of coins. Get it.
Participant: I want to be happy!
Leading: definitely: next month you will be happy, even several times. Or you will be happy forever, starting in 2050.
You can repeat the game with one or two more participants.
Participants should be encouraged to set SMART goals.
Information block. SMART.
So, you need to be able to set goals correctly. Even the ancient Roman thinker Lucius Annaeus Seneca said that “for a ship that does not have a pier, no wind is fair,” and ancient sailors said: “I sail not as the wind blows, but as a sail I will set.” Setting a goal means looking to the future. Clearly, clearly, specifically, realistically formulated goals encourage action aimed at achieving them. You need to not only think through your goals and make them as realistic as possible, but also write them down. (Slide 6. Appendix 2).
Management science has developed a special technology that helps set goals correctly. This is SMART technology. SMART is an acronym:
- Specific - specific
- Measurable - measurable
- Agreed - consistent (with higher level goals)
- Realistic - realistic
- Timed - defined in time
In order to remember better, you can use the domestic version of the SMART theory. This is the principle of BLOOD (Slide 7. Appendix 2).. The goals should be:
- K - specific
- R – realistic
- О – limited in time
- B – important
- And - measurable
4. Goal setting exercise
Target: learn goal setting
Time: 15 minutes.
Work on filling out the table. Assignment: formulate goals that would meet the “BLOOD” principle. Time to work: 5 minutes. ( Appendix 5).
After 5 minutes, those interested read out their goals. The group analyzes whether the participants succeeded in completing the exercise.
5. Information block. Pareto rule and Eisenhower matrix.
There is the so-called Pareto law, which says something like this: 20% of everything we do brings us 80% of the results. All the other 80% of our efforts create only 20% of the results (Slide 8. Appendix 2). In other words, only 1/5 of our activities are effective, and only 1/5 of our time is spent justifiably. Where do the other 4/5 of our resources and time go? Here's what:
To maintain the current level of comfort;
To perform unimportant and non-urgent tasks;
To perform tasks that could, in principle, be performed by someone else;
To perform tasks that you can refuse altogether.
How to organize your time to increase your efficiency?
In his book, First Things First, Stephen Covey described Eisenhower's method of helping us in the flow of things to identify the most important things on which our energies should be directed. The very idea of this method belongs to the 34th US President D.D. Eisenhower. As a result of his experience in organizing his time, he concluded that urgent things are rarely important and at the same time, important things are rarely urgent. Eisenhower proposed a tool for time management, which was called the “Eisenhower Matrix.” (Slide 10. Appendix 2).
The matrix helps you quickly navigate the flow of work and determine which tasks are important and which require urgency.
Important can be called those things on which a successful, healthy, emotionally rich life depends. Urgent - things that cannot be postponed.
Eisenhower developed a matrix for clarity. Its meaning is that at the beginning, each business or task needs to be prioritized into one of four groups:
A - Important and urgent, this is A lied!
B- IN important and not urgent
C- WITH fatal, but not important
D - Not urgent and not important. D- “stupid” things.
For clarity, let's denote them by letters: A, B, C, D.
A - Important and urgent.
Only unplanned, force majeure, sudden matters. They often appear as a result of a crisis or emergency situation. These things are very important and cannot be put off. If a person is properly organized, then this part of the work is minimal.
B - Important, but not urgent.
The affairs and tasks that we classify in this category and carry out are most often effective. Lack of rush helps to plan things: set deadlines and ways to complete a task. These are the longest cases. If a person focuses his attention on these tasks, then he most often achieves success. But if such things are constantly postponed, then they can become an emergency!
S - Not important, but urgent.
Most often, these are unplanned minor matters that do not affect our lives in any way, but require urgent attention. Many mistakenly classify them as important. Therefore, you need to learn to understand whether this is really an important matter for you or not.
D (D) - Not important and not urgent.
These are time sinks. They take a lot of time, but do not bring any results. It is often advised that you just need to get rid of them. But since they are easy and interesting, it can be difficult to refuse them. And therefore, you can allocate time for them on a residual basis.
Exercise on task distribution based on the Eisenhower matrix principle.
Time: 15 minutes.
Individually: distribute the tasks proposed on the list in accordance with the Eisenhower matrix (4 minutes). List of tasks in Appendix 3.
Students are united in groups of 4 people. Task: to come to general decision in 3 minutes.
Discussion . Each group presents results in one of the four quadrants of the matrix.
Let's see if these matters could have been avoided from appearing on the list of important and urgent.
Defense of the thesis - deadlines are running out, but the project is not ready. – Proper planning and the organization of work on the project would ensure timely preparation of the project without any rush.
An attack of appendicitis - calling an ambulance. - Nobody is insured. But, regular medical examination and healthy image life might have helped avoid this problem.
Illness due to overwork. – Organizing rest and free time is of great importance in maintaining health.
As we see, a lot depends on a person’s organization, his ability to anticipate troubles and plan preventive measures. And this already refers to tasks that are important, but not urgent. (Appendix 6).
In conclusion, this distribution of cases works. When we learn to highlight important things and give them all our energy, our lives will be full. The ability to plan and foresee will help you avoid emergency situations. And unimportant and non-urgent matters will not interfere with our lives. (Slide 11. Appendix 2).
Final exercise
Target: reflection
Time: 5 minutes.
The group is divided into 3 subgroups of 4–6 people. Each subgroup receives A3 sheets, colored pencils and markers.
Exercise: Use drawings to depict what you learned in class. You can reflect your mood. You can use entries, but no more than 7 words.
The exercise is carried out instead of reflection.
Final word from a psychologist.
Bibliography.
- Arkhangelsky G. Time Drive. How to have time to live and work. – M., 2016. – 272 p.
- Kopeikina I., Merkulova T. Time management [electronic resource] / Classroom management and education of schoolchildren. - No. 2. – 2016. URL:// http://ruk.1september.ru/view_article.php?ID=200900207 (date of access: 09/18/2016)
- Time management training for Oleg Lyalik. Video lessons. URL: // http://androidmafia.ru/video/Vobn467pwh8 (access date: 09/12/2016)
- Exercises for training Time management / Training technology [electronic resource]. URL: // http://trainingtechnology.ru/category/tajm-menedzhment/ (access date: 09/18/2016)
- Ushakova T. Metaphorical cards “Fire flickering in a vessel...” - M.: Genesis. - 2016
Have you noticed that time has begun to pass much faster than 5–10 years ago? The development of communications, Internet technologies, even more “intelligent” office equipment than before - everything is designed to simplify communication and other aspects of human activity. However, as they say, “to whom much is given, much will be required.”
Society places increasingly high demands on its members, sets tasks one more difficult than the other, and in order to get everything done we have to call on time management for help - a strategy that helps organize time management.
Why do we need this?
Time is a resource, just like money and raw materials. Only, unlike raw materials and finance, time is a non-renewable resource, it is becoming less and less. Having mastered the basics of time management, you will receive:- Simplification of the work process,
- The efficiency of the work process will increase,
- A significant time resource will be freed up,
- You will learn to spend time on the most important things, set priorities,
- You will be able to organize your time exactly in accordance with your goals.
How to manage time
Experts who are professionally involved in time management claim that by mastering its rules, you can save a third of your time and your life. Basic principles of time management: In addition to the basic principles, there are other rules of time management that help put work time management on a regular basis. You can get acquainted with them by widely using time management tools:- Specialized literature on the topic “time management”,
- Trainings, seminars, courses,
- Computer programs.
Time management training exercises
- "Values and Priorities". This exercise requires two participants. Everyone writes down on small pieces of paper the ten most important fundamentals and life values, arranges them in order of importance. Participants take turns asking each other questions about the importance of a particular value, ultimately rearranging the list of priorities.
- "Time Sinkers" To complete this exercise, you need to build a table listing 5-6 time sinks, possible reasons this loss, measures to eliminate it. First, the table is discussed in pairs, then in the whole group.
- "The Connecting Thread" For this exercise, the training participants need to take turns wrapping a thread from a skein of thread around their finger, voicing the goal they want to achieve. The purpose of the exercise is to realize that when one goal is achieved, other areas of life will inevitably suffer.
The modern frantic pace of life dictates its own rules: if you want to be successful, learn to manage time. Time management today is more than appropriate not only at work, business, but also in privacy. Not everyone knows the science of quality, productive use of time.
The essence of time management
Ignorance of the law does not exempt you from responsibility. For example, being late for work will immediately be followed by disciplinary action, and showing up at the workplace on time, but without makeup or in wrinkled clothes will cause a feeling of awkwardness and dissatisfaction with oneself.
This is why time management training is so popular today. They are designed to solve several tasks combined into an algorithm and performed alternately:
- First of all, a detailed analysis of time consumption is carried out. The circumstances preceding the contact are taken into account. As a result of the lesson, it is expected to model lines of behavior that will help eliminate mistakes and correct the situation for the better.
- Determination of priority areas. It is clear that you cannot have time to do everything at once. Therefore, you need to set goals according to the importance of their implementation. As a result, an action plan for each day will be “born”.
- Implementation of the drawn up plan. At this stage, it is important to strictly follow what is planned, and not be led by spontaneously arising desires.
- Summarizing. This task is most often accomplished independently without the help of a psychologist. A person learning to manage his time, voluntarily and involuntarily, notes his own successes and failures.
- Work on mistakes.
Time management exercises
There are several particularly popular time management exercises. One of them " Values and priorities”, designed to help training participants determine for themselves the priority of goals according to the importance of achieving them. The time spent on the exercise is on average 20-30 minutes. The leader (trainer) prepares sheets of paper in advance for each group member. Then he invites participants to write down on sheets of paper the 10 main life values on which life is based (health, career, love, etc.).