For many Russians just embarking on the path of private entrepreneurship, it seems that their activities are akin to a heroic throw into an embrasure: they bear numerous risks and cannot count on anyone or anything but themselves. It cannot be said that such views have no basis, but not everything is so deplorable: state support for small businesses in our country, although not sufficiently established, is still there. And it is within the framework of this support (and more specifically, the state program “Assistance to Beginning Entrepreneurs”) that you can receive almost 60 thousand rubles for development own business free of charge. As everyone knows, “gratuitously” means “free of charge,” that is, this subsidy will not need to be returned or partially compensated. It is enough just to report to the state how this amount was spent ( exact value subsidies 58,800 rubles: 60 thousand rubles minus taxes). However, first things first.

Is there a catch, or why does the state “give” money to start-up businessmen?

But there are no pitfalls here: the state is interested in the development of small business as an economic entity, if only because every entrepreneur makes his contribution (and every successful entrepreneur makes a significant contribution) to the formation of the state budget through tax deductions, creates jobs and develops the national economy. economy. In addition, in order to receive such a subsidy, you must be listed as unemployed and registered with the labor exchange. Everyone knows that everyone who “joins the stock exchange” receives a certain unemployment benefit. And the amount given to a neophyte businessman is nothing more than an annual allowance, paid not in installments (monthly), but in a lump sum.

There is no point in fearing the status of the unemployed these days: the times when citizens without an entry in the work book were called parasites, fortunately, have sunk into oblivion. Instead, the understanding came that unemployment is a normal phenomenon for a market economy (unless, of course, it reaches limit value at 10 %). In order to keep this indicator at the required level, the state is trying to regulate the number of unemployed by creating employment centers, whose specialists either help find a job they like or provide assistance in starting a business.

Who can be considered unemployed in our country?

Everything seems to be obvious: an unemployed person is an able-bodied person who does not have a job. however there is also important nuances. In accordance with the latest edition of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the following groups of Russians do not fall into the category of unemployed:

• persons under 16 years of age;
• women in maternity leave or on parental leave (up to 3 years);
• citizens who retired upon reaching the appropriate age;
• disabled people of the first and second groups;
• founders of limited liability companies;
• full-time students;
• persons in prison or sentenced to correctional labor;
• citizens who are unable (for good reasons) to begin the proposed work.

If a Russian does not belong to any of these categories, but does not have a job, he can safely register with the employment center and receive assistance from the state. However, it should be remembered that in some cases you can lose your unemployed status:

• if within 10 days you refuse two (or more) proposed work options without a valid reason;
• if you do not appear at the employment center to look for work within 10 days from the date of registration;
• if you submit documents containing deliberately false information.

And, of course, you can stop being called unemployed by finding a job. What can you expect when visiting an employment center?

How to find a job using the labor exchange?

So, the state is not ready (which is quite natural) to pay unemployment benefits indefinitely, which is why a curator is assigned to everyone who registers with the employment center. The task of such a specialist is to select a suitable job for the applicant (in accordance with qualifications, experience, life values, candidate requirements). How successful the collaboration between the curator and the unemployed person will be largely depends on the goals of the latter.

So, if the main goal is to receive a subsidy for business development, then all offered jobs must be refused. But - for a plausible reason (after all, otherwise they can be forcibly deregistered). You will have to come up with your own reasons for why, the main thing is that this reason looks convincing and is related to the desire to act in the interests of society.

How to get the desired financial support from the state to start your own business?

In general, the state is ready to provide Russians with three types of subsidies:

• up to 4 thousand rubles for individual entrepreneurs and up to 20 thousand rubles for a legal entity as compensation for registration costs;
• 60 thousand rubles (58,800 rubles in hand) for organizing self-employment - and if you recruit staff from among those who also managed to register for unemployment, you can get the same amount for each of them;
• 300 thousand rubles for organizing self-employment (no longer from federal, but from city authorities) - it’s easy to guess that such a large amount is given to a few, subject to meeting a huge number of criteria.

In a word, it is worth being realistic and remembering the “bird in the hand”, that is, receiving a federal subsidy.

How to do this? The plan for achieving the goal looks quite simple.

1. Write a business plan for an employment center and defend it.
2. Register an individual entrepreneur.
3. Receive funds (they are transferred to the same bank card to which unemployment benefits are credited).
4. Report on how the money issued was used.

So, it seems that becoming a subsidy owner is as easy as shelling pears. This is how it will be if you prepare correctly for each stage.

Preparatory activities: the more correct the actions, the better the result

It’s worth starting with collecting information – and a detailed, scrupulous analysis of it. Despite the fact that this subsidy is federal (that is, it must be issued in all Russian regions), it is very important to understand exactly what requirements a particular employment center puts forward for applicants. By the way, at the same time you can ask what other support measures (for example, grants) for small businesses are in place in the region and city. This can be done on the official website of the local administration, as well as directly at the employment center at the place of registration. It would also be a good idea to get legal advice on supporting small businesses.

If you want to receive a subsidy, you need to have enough free time. It will be very useful for passing through bureaucratic authorities (everyone knows what the queues are like) and for attending interviews with potential employers (under no circumstances should you immediately declare your reluctance to “work for your uncle”).

The emotional mood is also important. And, of course, patience: maneuver between the employment center (who wants to quickly find a job for the unemployed) and potential employer(who do not understand why they are so persistently refusing the vacancy offered to them) must be done competently and almost artistically.

Well, and, perhaps, the most important thing is that you need to accurately understand your goals, desires and capabilities, understand where the business will begin and how it will develop subsequently. All this needs to be reflected in the business plan. By the way, you should start writing it even before leaving your main job - in order to have an “alternate airfield” if the business idea turns out to be untenable.

And now - the most interesting thing...

How to get a subsidy from the employment center: step-by-step instructions

Step one is to register with the employment center at your place of permanent registration and receive unemployed status. To do this, you must submit the following package of documents:

• ID card (passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation);
• document on education (diploma, certificate - in the absence of other documents);
• employment history;
• a savings book or application for opening a Sberbank card indicating its details;
• pension insurance certificate;
• military ID (for men).

This is followed by filing an application for unemployment benefits and obtaining advice from the supervisor of the employment center. The most sensible thing to do during this event is to ask a specialist how you can register as an individual entrepreneur. Then you need to fill out an application confirming your desire to start a business and pass a test.

The second step is protecting the business plan. This is one of the most serious stages of the entire procedure, in many ways similar to an exam: the defense takes place in a separate audience, and a special commission evaluates the effectiveness of the future business. This is preceded by a conversation with a psychologist, whose task is to assess the applicant’s ability to entrepreneurial activity.

There is no need to be afraid of the “exam”: the main assessment criterion is the realism of the project and the confidence of the future businessman that he will really succeed. How to write a competent and winning business plan is a topic for a separate discussion, however, there are more than enough resources on the Internet to help you write it well.

The next, third step is submitting an application for a subsidy. All previously collected documents and a business plan must be attached to the application. The received package is submitted to the same employment service. After consideration of the application, if the decision is positive, the applicant is notified that he can now enter into an agreement. Which, of course, is what should be done.

Step four – registration as an individual entrepreneur or founder of an LLC.

The final, fifth step is to submit the registration documents to the employment center along with all receipts for payment of the appropriate fees. Upon completion of this stage, the bank account (passbook or plastic card) will have funds in the amount of 58,800 rubles.

What will this money be enough for and what can you do with it?

It is easy to guess that it is not advisable to spend money allocated by the state and received with such difficulty for personal purposes, if only because in a set period it will be necessary to report on where the subsidy was spent. Invoices, checks, and other paper evidence of expenses are suitable as reporting documents. In addition, it is worth remembering that in the first year of free navigation on the waves of entrepreneurship, tax reporting must be submitted not only to the Federal Tax Service, but also to the employment center that issued the subsidy.

Of course, the allocated funds will not be enough to open a turnkey business. It is also natural that the state is not ready to subsidize every type of activity. However, it is known that this money is most readily given to those whose business is related to production, agriculture, the service sector, in a word, with industries that create new jobs. And gratuitous help (especially material) is always better than no help at all. Especially if we're talking about on private business activities.

In every region of our country there are programs that provide various subsidies, compensation, benefits and other types of assistance. What forms of government support for entrepreneurs exist and how to use them? We will talk about this in our article.

Today, the most popular small business assistance programs are:

• subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed;
• business development subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs;
• guarantee under credit and leasing agreements;
• compensation for part of the interest on loans;
• reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement;
• issuing loans at reduced rates;
• reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs;
• tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs.

Let's consider all these types of government support in more detail.

Subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed

If you are unemployed and want to try your hand at business, a subsidy from the employment center in the amount of 58,800 rubles can help you at first. This type of government assistance is provided to unemployed citizens free of charge. In order to receive a subsidy, you need to contact the employment service at your place of registration, register for unemployment, write and defend a business plan. Some employment centers will additionally require you to undergo a short training in the basics of entrepreneurship and psychological testing.

It is best if your future business has a social orientation and you create one or more jobs. For example, you will start making folk art products. Business ideas related to the production or sale of alcohol, opening a pawnshop, network marketing. After defending your business plan before the commission and if it is approved, you enter into an agreement with the employment center to receive a subsidy. Please note that you should register an individual entrepreneur or LLC only after concluding an agreement. It is necessary to follow this procedure, since the contract is concluded with you as an unemployed person, and not as an entrepreneur or legal entity.

The costs of registration are also reimbursed by the state. Reimbursement is transferred upon receipt, that is, you must pay for registration at your own expense, and then provide payment documents to the employment center.

The subsidy amount may increase if you hire one or more unemployed people who are also registered with this employment center (+58,800 for each hired employee). This program is valid for individual entrepreneurs only.

Within three months of receiving the grant, you must certify that the funds have been spent in accordance with the approved business plan. If your business “lasts” less than a year, the money will have to be returned to the state.

Subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs

You can get a more significant amount for business development - 300,000 rubles (500,000 rubles for Moscow entrepreneurs). In order for you to be provided with such a subsidy, at least a year must pass from the moment of registration of your individual entrepreneur or LLC. Money is issued after defending a business project, but on co-financing terms, that is, you invest 50-70% of your own funds, and the state compensates for the rest of your costs for business development. The subsidy can be spent on purchasing equipment, equipping workplaces, purchasing raw materials, and paying rent. Another condition for providing a subsidy is that your company does not have debts on taxes and insurance premiums. Non-repayable loans are most often issued to entrepreneurs who carry out socially important activities - engaged in consumer services, work in the field of education, healthcare, etc. You will need to account in detail for the public funds spent. You can find out all the details from local governments or business support funds in your region.

Guarantee for loan and leasing agreements

In almost every region there are guarantee funds that can become guarantors when an entrepreneur applies for a loan or enters into an agreement with a leasing company. Such a guarantee is an additional advantage when obtaining a loan. For the service, the fund will have to pay 1.5-2% of the guarantee amount, which, as a rule, is 30-70% of the loan amount.

How to use the guarantee fund:

1. Find out the requirements for borrowers on the fund’s website or by phone.
2. If you meet them, then check which banks are the fund’s partners. Select the bank where you would like to take out a loan.
3. When contacting the bank, indicate that you would like the guarantee fund to act as your guarantor.
4. If your loan application is approved by the bank, then together with the bank you need to prepare documents and an application to the guarantee fund.
5. If the fund's decision is positive, a tripartite guarantee agreement is drawn up.
6. You receive a loan and pay for the services of the guarantee fund.

The guarantee fund must be located in the same region in which your business is registered.

Compensation for part of interest on loans

If you took out a loan for business development from one of the Russian banks, you can compensate part of the interest on the loan at the expense of the state. The amount of the subsidy depends on the current refinancing rate and the size of the loan. This type of support is valid in almost all regions and applies to most types of activities.

Reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement

Another popular type of assistance from the state to small businesses is compensation for part of payments under leasing agreements. If you lease production equipment or vehicles, then you have the opportunity to return part of the funds. Maximum size differs depending on the region: for example, in Moscow it is up to 5 million rubles. You can find out all the details from the small business development department or entrepreneurship support funds in your region.

Issuing loans at reduced rates

In many regions of the Russian Federation, there are microfinance programs for small businesses that enable entrepreneurs to receive loans and short-term loans on preferential terms. As a rule, the loan amount ranges from 10 thousand to 1 million rubles for a period of 1-3 years. The interest rate varies from 8 to 10%. Certain regions provide loans at a lower rate of 5% to entrepreneurs who work in the manufacturing or agricultural sector, provide household services, that is, engage in socially significant activities. In some cases, you can get a larger amount - up to 5 million for a longer period - up to 5 years.

To obtain a loan, contact the entrepreneurship support fund in your region. There you will be told what requirements the borrower must meet, what documents and possibly collateral are required to obtain a loan. Based on the documents provided and the collateral, the fund’s specialists will make a decision on issuing or refusing to issue a loan.

Reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs

This type of state support for small businesses will allow you to reduce the costs of participating in exhibitions and fairs, that is, take advantage of the opportunity to present your product to a wide audience, find clients and partners, and exchange experiences. The state can pay two-thirds of your participation in such events - rental and delivery of equipment, registration fee. Travel, accommodation and food costs are not reimbursed. The subsidy is provided once during the current financial year. The subsidy amount is from 25,000 to 300,000 rubles, depending on the region.

Tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs

From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020, regions have the right to set a zero tax rate for first-time registered individual entrepreneurs for 2 years. This applies to imputation and patent entrepreneurs who work in the production, social, household or scientific spheres. For example, in 2016, “tax holidays” are in effect in Bryansk, Voronezh, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Omsk, Tula and many other regions.

Also, since 2016, reduced rates have been introduced in some regions as anti-crisis measures to support small businesses. tax rates for entrepreneurs on the simplified tax system - from 1% and UTII - from 7.5%.

Other forms of government support for small businesses

In all regions of our country, training and advanced training is provided for small businesses, which includes a variety of trainings, seminars, and conferences. Professional accountants, lawyers and other specialists will advise you on any questions that inevitably arise for both beginners and those who have already been doing business for more than one year. These services are provided free of charge.

How can I find out about support measures in my city?

You will find a detailed description of support measures in the SME Business Navigator - a free resource for entrepreneurs. Here you can find a database of all state and municipal organizations that provide support to small and medium-sized businesses in your region.

If after reading the article you still have any questions, ask them in the comments.

Until relatively recently, some twenty years ago, there were very few private entrepreneurs - rarely did anyone dare to go into open swimming, the majority of citizens preferred to “work for their uncle.” Since then, a lot has changed - private entrepreneurs began to be called individual entrepreneurs, and enough of them appeared for us to be able to say with confidence that small business in Russia has been formed and it is based mainly on small enterprises and individual entrepreneurs.

This increase in the number of individual entrepreneurs is quite natural: having your own business allows you to manage your personal resources and time independently, without orders from above, without having to report to anyone.

That is why there are not fewer people who would like to start their own business. However, many are stopped by the lack of initial capital and strategy independent development. In this article we will talk about what kind of support the state provides to beginning businessmen and how to get a subsidy to start your own business.

Who is eligible for a subsidy from the employment center?

Assistance from the state to beginning individual entrepreneurs comes through territorial employment centers. The state has a direct interest in increasing the number of individual entrepreneurs for several reasons:

• The number of unemployed is decreasing;
• The treasury receives new taxes and contributions;
• Small business is the backbone of the country. The stronger and more numerous it is, the stronger the state.

However, despite the active promotion of the development of individual entrepreneurs, the number of citizens turning to the state for support is not so large: only 2%. This is due to low awareness of the population about such a program and people’s fear of being left alone with their problems in the event of unforeseen situations.

But let's start in order. Who is eligible for government subsidies?

• Citizens of the Russian Federation upon reaching 18 years of age;
• citizens who are registered with the employment center as unemployed for more than one month.

Exceptions:

• minors;
• women on maternity leave;
• full-time students;
• pensioners;
• some categories of military;
• convicts;
• employees under employment contracts;
• persons who were already previously registered as individual entrepreneurs, if less than six months have passed since deregistration;
• those who were fired from work due to violations of labor discipline.

In addition to all of the above, employees of the Employment Center will refuse a subsidy to those who registered as unemployed, but within 10 days from the date of registration refused the proposed work options twice.

Unemployed people who have repeatedly violated the rules of the employment service will also not receive a subsidy.

Subsidy amount for individual entrepreneurs

The law clearly states that the amount of the subsidy must be equal to the amount cash payments unemployment for twelve months.

The essence of assistance to starting entrepreneurs from the employment center

As mentioned above, the first and main part of supporting start-up entrepreneurs is payment to them of the corresponding subsidy. The amount of financial assistance in each specific case is individual and depends on the amount of unemployment benefits assigned on the basis of wages and length of service at the last place of work. As a rule, according to statistics, the average subsidy is about 60 thousand rubles.

Second help option: compensation for the costs of registering an individual entrepreneur. In particular, the state returns the state fee for registration, reimburses money spent on legal consultations and notary services, compensates for the costs of purchasing forms, making stamps, etc.

The third way to support aspiring businessmen is to provide them with free consultations from lawyers, organizing business training, as well as the possibility of renting premises at a price significantly lower than the market price.

And finally, the fourth point - assistance in developing a business plan, without which it is basically impossible to receive a subsidy.

Documents and procedure for obtaining subsidies for individual entrepreneurs

In order for financial assistance to start your own business to be paid, a certain algorithm of actions has been developed that must be strictly followed:

1. You need to register with the territorial department of the Employment Center. To do this, you must have a passport, tax identification number, work book, certificate or diploma, a certificate from your last place of work about your salary for the last three months in a row, as well as an application for unemployment benefits.

   Attention! If an applicant for a subsidy has not officially worked anywhere for five years, the Employment Center specialists can legally refuse to receive financial assistance for opening an individual entrepreneur. The logic is simple: if a person had money for living from somewhere in the previous five-year period, then he will be able to provide himself with it in the future.

2. It is necessary to consult with an employee of the Employment Center. The procedure for receiving subsidies may differ slightly depending on the region of the Russian Federation;
3. You must write a statement that will become written evidence of your desire to open your own business;
4. Psychological testing: a formal but necessary procedure for receiving a subsidy;
5. Developing an enterprise development strategy or, in other words, writing a business plan. Let's dwell on this point in a little more detail. The fact is that a business plan is not the simplest document. In order to write it correctly, a certain amount of experience and knowledge is required. Therefore, if you feel that your skills are not enough to develop a business development concept, it is better to turn to specialists. What should be included and what to pay attention to in a business plan:
   • Profit margin. This is the most important point in every business plan, since any commercial activity implies some kind of income;
   • Availability of funds, which can be invested in the business as initial capital. The money allocated as a subsidy will clearly be insufficient to start a business from scratch, so a novice entrepreneur must have some kind of financial reserves of his own. In addition, they will be additional confirmation of the seriousness of the intentions of the future individual entrepreneur. The ratio of personal funds to the amount of financial assistance must be at least 1:2;
   • Innovation. The more unusual and original the idea, the higher the chances that the project will be approved;
   • Number of personnel in the future company. The main goal of the Employment Center is to employ as many people as possible. more people. That is why the Employment Center specialists give the greatest preference to business plans with a high number of employees;
   • Reasonability of expenses. In the business plan mandatory it is necessary to specify for what purposes the received subsidy will be used. And the more detail this point is described, the better. It would be good if the purchase of equipment, raw materials or supplies is stated as such goals. The worst option: wasting subsidies on renting space and advertising services.
6. After writing a business plan, it must be submitted to the Employment Center along with an application for a subsidy. These documents will be reviewed by a specially formed commission, which will evaluate the results of psychological testing and the business plan, after which a verdict will be made on the ability of the applicant for a subsidy to engage in entrepreneurial activity. Then, within 10 days, the commission will make a decision, with a corresponding order signed by the director of the Employment Center;
7. If approval is received, you will need to enter into an agreement to transfer the subsidy amount and then go to tax office register as an individual entrepreneur at your place of residence;
8. After completing all these points, it will be necessary to provide the specialists of the Employment Center with all reporting documents, including registration of the individual entrepreneur with the tax office and receipts justifying expenses from the subsidy funds (invoices, checks, etc.).

As can be seen from what is written above, getting a subsidy from the state to start your own business is not so problematic. To do this, you need to draw up a good business plan and go all the way from the idea to its implementation in the manner prescribed by law. If everything is done right, then a government subsidy can be an excellent support at the beginning of an independent entrepreneurial journey.

The easiest way to legally do business in our country is. But in order to start your own business, you definitely need start-up capital. If you don’t have your own savings, you can borrow money from friends and relatives, or go to a bank for a loan, or turn to the employment center at your place of residence for help. Our state takes care of its citizens and provides assistance and assistance in starting their own business in the form of a one-time payment of a certain amount of money. Today we will look at what this amount is and how to get it.

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As part of the state program of the Russian Federation “Assistance to beginning entrepreneurs,” the employment center provides citizens with financial assistance in starting their own business (). This is beneficial for the state, because in this way, firstly, the number of unemployed decreases, and secondly, those who have achieved any success will pay to the treasury. However, as statistics show, only 2% of the unemployed apply for this help.

Who can count on help from the employment center

• persons over 18 years of age;
• persons registered with the employment center and who are in the status of unemployed;
• persons who have been registered with the employment center for more than 1 month and who have been unable to find employment due to the lack of suitable work.

Along with this, it would be advisable to consider in what cases and to whom this financial support will not be provided:

• women on maternity leave;
• minor citizens of the Russian Federation;
• citizens who have reached retirement age;
• full-time students of an educational institution;
• persons working under an employment contract;
• persons registered as individual entrepreneurs or LLCs (at least half a year must pass from the date of closure);
• convicted persons dismissed from work by a court verdict who are subject to imprisonment or other punishment;
• certain categories of military personnel;
• persons dismissed from work due to repeated violations of labor discipline (failure to show up for work or appearing drunk, theft of property, absenteeism, inappropriate performance of work duties);
• persons who registered with the employment center, but refused two or more offered jobs within 10 days from the date of registration;
• persons who regularly violate and fail to comply with the requirements of the employment service (violation of registration deadlines, ignoring proposed work options and failure to appear for an interview).

IMPORTANT: financial assistance in starting your own business is provided in the form of payment of a sum of money equal to the amount of unemployment benefits for one year.

What is the help of the employment center?

Please note that financial support is provided on the basis of the Federal Program for Support of Small and Medium Businesses (2005-2020), the Law “On state support small business in Russian Federation» dated June 14, 1995 No. 88-FZ and other legislative acts. So, how can a job center help you?

• Firstly, if all conditions and requirements are met, a certain amount of money will be paid when registering your own business. Its amount will depend on the amount of the assigned benefit based on length of service and wages at the last place of work. On average, entrepreneurs received up to 58 thousand rubles for their own business.
• Secondly, in some cases, the amount spent at various stages of registering your business can be compensated. For example, the amount paid in quality may be returned, notary services may be compensated, and funds spent on purchasing forms, legal consultations, etc. may be reimbursed.
• Thirdly, at the employment center, a beginning entrepreneur will be advised on all the basic legal issues of starting a business, will be given the opportunity to attend business training, will be helped with drawing up a business plan and sometimes even with renting premises, the fee for which will be lower than the average market value in your region.

How to get a subsidy for opening an individual entrepreneur

First of all, as noted above, you must register for unemployment. To do this, you need to collect documents and come to the employment center. Needed:

This article talks about typical solutions legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to find out how to solve your particular problem, contact our consultant absolutely FREE!

• passport;
• SNILS;
• employment history;
• education document;
• a certificate from the last place of work about income for the last three months.

You can find out a specific list of documents for your region by calling the employment center at your place of residence.

IMPORTANT: registration for unemployment may be denied to persons who have not worked for unjustified reasons for more than 5 years. After all, if a person has found the means to live for 5 years, he will be able to provide for himself in the future.

1. We are writing an application for unemployment benefits.
2. We seek advice from a specialist at the employment center. He will tell you everything and bring you up to date.
3. We are writing an application to confirm your desire to open your own business.
4. We are undergoing testing.
5. We are developing a business plan. Writing a business plan is not an easy task and requires certain skills and knowledge. There are two options:
   • Seek help from specialists and draw up a business plan. The fee for such a service is on average 5 – 20 thousand rubles.
   • Study the necessary materials on the Internet, go to business trainings and develop a business plan yourself.

   Whichever option you choose, consider the criteria that a good business plan must meet in the eyes of the job center commission that will review your idea.

   • Innovation and originality of the business idea. Such a business plan will attract more attention than the hundredth grocery store on Lenin Avenue, and will have a much higher chance of approval;
   • Profitability. There is no point in running a business if it is unprofitable;
   • Hiring employees. If your business plan involves hiring employees, it will have heavy weight, because the goal of the employment center is to employ the population. And you yourself find a job, and also help others;
   • Initial capital. It will not be possible to open a business only with the money that the employment center offers as assistance. You need to invest your own money. The ratio should be approximately 1:2 or even 1:3. If you plan to receive 58 thousand rubles from the state and invest your 10 thousand rubles, you will most likely be denied a subsidy.
   • Expenses. It is important for the state that the allocated money is spent wisely. In the business plan, it is recommended to indicate the expenditure of the subsidy on the purchase of basic material resources: equipment, furniture, transport, and not for rent or advertising.
6. We submit documents to receive a subsidy to the employment center (application and business plan). The documents are reviewed by a special commission. Professionals assess your entrepreneurial ability and analyze your business plan. The decision to issue a subsidy is made by the director of the employment center based on the commission’s findings. His decision is formalized by order. In general, it takes no more than 10 working days to make a decision.
7. If approved, the employment center notifies you of its decision, and you enter into an agreement to transfer the subsidy.

   IMPORTANT: you cannot register an individual entrepreneur or LLC before concluding an agreement with the employment center to provide subsidies for small businesses.

8. We register an individual entrepreneur or LLC. .
9. You provide the employment center with documents on registration of individual entrepreneurs and reporting documentation on all expenses (that is, what the money transferred by the state was spent on). Receipts, service agreements, invoices and other papers are suitable as evidence.

Thus, in order to receive help from the state in the form of a subsidy for your own business, you must provide a good business plan based on quality original idea. Employment center specialists are happy to consider and often make positive decisions regarding ideas in the service or manufacturing sector. It is advisable that the business plan provides for the availability of additional jobs and the availability of your own initial capital at least in an amount equal to the assistance provided.

The amount of 58 thousand rubles may seem small to some, but in the initial stages of creating your own small business they can be a significant support.

No small business owner can say that they have an abundance of funds. Since its creation, the enterprise has constantly experienced a financial deficit: most often, even with strict savings, there is only enough money for the bare necessities, and many plans for development, the development of new markets or the production of any products in demand by consumers remain unrealized.

For entrepreneurs who find themselves in similar situation, you should figure out how to get a subsidy for small business development in 2018: free financial assistance from the state for correct use becomes the very catalyst that allows you to bring the enterprise to a qualitatively different level. Of course, there are known restrictions and conditions for applicants taking part in competitions for the provision of support of this type, and business plans proposed for consideration are thoroughly checked, however, practice shows that with the proper level of elaboration, even the most ordinary projects have a very real chance of success .

Preferred destinations

It is not surprising that the state is implementing a small business development strategy in order to receive maximum benefit for regions. Therefore, in each region, local authorities form their own list of priority business areas, taking into account characteristics territories, weak points in the economy and resources available to entrepreneurs. However, upon closer examination, it is possible to identify areas common to all subjects of the Russian Federation:

• Breeding birds and animals, growing plants;
• Processing of agricultural products;
• Doing business in remote villages and villages;
• Industrial production of products and essential goods;
• Waste disposal and recycling;
• Introduction of new technologies and innovations;
• Production of goods with export value;
• Department of Housing and Utilities;
• Transport business, including passenger and intercity transportation;
• Development of domestic and ecological tourism;
• Socially important sectors - medicine, sports, education;
• Providing employment for people with disabilities;
• Civil Engineering;
• Artistic folk crafts;
• Nature conservation, production of environmental products;
• Domestic services.

It should be noted that entrepreneurs creating or developing projects in the following areas cannot apply for financial assistance to small businesses from the state in 2018, preferential loans or other forms of subsidies:

• Lending, insurance, investment in securities, Forex trading, implementation of non-state pension programs, pawnshop activities;
• Gambling, betting, bookmakers;
• Production and sale of goods subject to excise duty;
• Extraction and sale of minerals (except common ones).

Business plan

The basis for providing assistance to a start-up entrepreneur from the state in 2018 is, first of all, a correctly drawn up business plan. By providing this document, the businessman shows his awareness of the market situation, the presence of competitors, the target audience, and also demonstrates the ability to conduct the enterprise’s activities at a high professional level.

You should not develop a plan that is too complex, voluminous or confusing with many details: this will only complicate the work of the commission. The optimal project is considered to be 50–90 pages in length, using numbers and other financial indicators to clearly prove the social effectiveness and significance of the business.

The document must contain the following sections:

• Summary. Here it is necessary to briefly indicate the objectives and advantages of the project, describe the product or service being produced, and give arguments in favor of the social significance of the subsidized activity;
• Analysis of the market situation. In the section you need to consider the state of affairs on the market, the volume of consumption of the products or services offered, mention existing analogues and analyze the strategy of competitors;
• Production plan. This paragraph is devoted to the organization of the production process, suppliers and methods of purchasing equipment and raw materials, new jobs and staffing table enterprises;
• Marketing plan. Here you should consider the composition of the target audience, methods of selling products or services, the company’s pricing policy, marketing events to promote the brand and the product itself;
• Financial plan. In this section, you need to calculate the volume of initial investments taking into account subsidies, the amount of overhead costs, determine the potential profit, profitability and payback period of the project;
• Risk analysis. This paragraph should be devoted to studying the risks and factors that negatively affect business, and also consider ways to combat them.

When assessing the prospects of a project, the competition commission of the fund, which provides subsidies to small businesses from the state in 2018, pays attention to some characteristics that directly affect the making of a positive or negative decision. These criteria include:

• Social orientation. The business plan must consider in detail the social problems that can be solved by implementing the project;
• New workplaces. For projects that involve the creation of several new jobs, the likelihood of approval increases significantly;
• Profitability. We should not forget that main goal business is to generate income. Therefore, the presented project must not only be socially useful, but also cost-effective;
• Targeted use of the subsidy. The economic part of the plan must describe all areas of spending public funds. The commission must understand that not a single penny will be spent in vain;
• Own investments. The more of your own funds an entrepreneur plans to invest in the business in addition to the subsidy, the greater the chances of success. For some types of assistance, equity investment is mandatory.

Subsidy for starting a business

For aspiring entrepreneurs, the first authority to allocate money for starting a small business from the state in 2018 is the Employment Center. Here a special commission reviews projects submitted by newcomers; the implementation of the most successful ideas is stimulated by funding in the amount of 12 months of unemployment benefits, which this moment is 58,800 rubles.

Who can receive a subsidy?

This form of subsidy for opening a small business 2018 provided by the Employment Center is intended exclusively for unemployed citizens who want to create their own business and thus ensure their own self-employment. Persons who can apply for government funding are:

• Have a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• Have reached the age of majority;
• Registered with the local central registration center;
• Have been officially unemployed for more than a month;
• We were unable to get a job in the areas proposed by the Center for Employment.

• Persons under the age of majority;
• Full-time university students;
• Citizens receiving an old-age pension;
• Persons with a criminal record;
• Unemployed people dismissed by court decision;
• Unemployed people dismissed for any violation of labor discipline;
• Citizens who violate the rules established by the Center for Significance;
• Entrepreneurs who ceased operations less than 6 months ago.

Receipt procedure

How to get money for business 2018 from the state free of charge? First of all, you need to contact your local Employment Center and provide its employees with the following package of documents:

• Passport with registration mark;
• Personal work record;
• Certificate of pension insurance;
• Certificate of issuance of TIN;
• Certificate of income received at the previous place of work;
• Diploma of secondary specialized or higher education.

After registration, the candidate will be offered several vacancies. Of course, you need to pass these interviews in such a way as to be denied employment. After a month, the now officially unemployed citizen can move on to the second stage of creating his own business with the help of the state. To do this you should:

• Get advice from a Center employee about the availability of subsidy programs;
• Take a test for entrepreneurial skills;
• Write an application for participation in the self-employment program;
• Draw up a business plan for the project;
• Submit an application and plan to the appropriate department of the Central Planning Commission;
• Expect the application to be reviewed by the commission within 10 days;
• If necessary, defend the project before the commission;
• After receiving approval, enter into a subsidy agreement with the Central Bank;
• Register an individual entrepreneur and open a current account.

The subsidy for starting a business is free of charge. Therefore, the Employment Center strictly controls the appropriateness of spending funds on certain projects. To receive help from the state, a novice businessman must draw up a high-quality business plan and defend it before the commission: at the same time important have not only the social benefit and profitability of the enterprise, but also the personality of the applicant, his self-confidence, knowledge, and understanding of the essence of entrepreneurship.

Special purpose

This form of financial assistance to small businesses from the state in 2018 involves targeted spending of funds exclusively to meet basic production needs:

• Renting and repairing production premises;
• Ensuring supplies of raw materials;
• Purchasing a license (if necessary);
• Purchase of technological equipment;
• Organization of workplaces for hired employees;
• Purchase of software.

Within three months after the assistance is transferred to the enterprise’s account, the businessman must report to the central authority on the use of the subsidy by providing checks, invoices, receipts or other financial documents. If violations of the established procedure are detected, the state has the right to demand the return of money.

Subsidy for business development

A subsidy for small business development in 2018 is free financial assistance allocated by the state as an incentive for the implementation of projects that are interesting and useful to society. Thus, we can formulate the main condition for receiving a grant: the presented idea must solve some social problem and benefit not only the entrepreneur, but also ordinary citizens. Such businesses are financed by:

• SME Development Committee;
• Committee economic development and investment activities;
• Committee on Industrial Policy and Innovation;
• Local authorities;
• Fund for Assistance to the Development of Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere.

Who can receive a subsidy?

The most important restrictions for an entrepreneur applying for are the volume of turnover and the number of employees in his company, since only SMEs that do not exceed the limits established by law can receive money for the development of small businesses from the state in 2018. When listing other characteristics of the candidate, it is necessary to mention the following:

• The enterprise has existed for at least 12 months;
• The main activity is the production of goods and services in one of the priority industries for subsidies;
• The credit history of a businessman does not raise any questions for the commission;
• The company has no debts on tax, pension and insurance payments;
• The entrepreneur is ready to invest his own funds in the business (this share is for different regions ranges from 15–30% of the total project cost).

Receipt procedure

Need to find the nearest one regional office SME Development Committee. Next, by personally contacting its employees, you should clarify the requirements for candidates and projects, the rules for drawing up a business plan and applications for participation in the competition. Finally, you can start collecting necessary documents, the list of which includes:

• A well-developed business plan;
• Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• Certificate of registration of the enterprise;
• Constituent documents (if any);
• Application for participation in the competition;
• Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities/Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs;
• Notification from Rosstat;
• A certificate from the Federal Tax Service confirming that there are no outstanding tax payments;
• Certificates from other funds (PFR, Social Insurance Fund) about the absence of debt;
• Evidence that the enterprise belongs to SMEs (certificates of annual turnover and average number employees).

The amount of state assistance also depends on the region: for example, in Moscow or St. Petersburg an entrepreneur can qualify for 500 thousand rubles, while in Kazan or Chelyabinsk the upper limit of subsidies is set at 300 thousand rubles. To increase the likelihood of receiving a grant, it is necessary to consider that:

• The business plan needs to consider in detail the tasks that the enterprise can solve with the help of additional financing, and the purposes for which public funds will be directed;
• You should not initially indicate inflated amounts in the application or adjust the business plan to the size of the grant;
• Original and non-standard projects have a greater chance of success;
• The 2018 small business development subsidy is transferred to the enterprise’s account in stages: after disbursing each tranche, it is necessary to submit a report on the use of funds to the fund. In addition, the entrepreneur must pay income tax on the received grant amount.

Special purpose

The money received may be spent exclusively for the purposes specified in the business plan; no changes or deviations are allowed in this case. Moreover, funds should only be used to purchase fixed assets directly involved in the production process. For this reason, the state subsidy for business 2018 cannot be used to partially or fully reimburse expenses for such items as:

1. Purchase of real estate, furniture, household electronic appliances;
2. Design, construction and repair of capital structures;
3. Purchase of passenger vehicles;
4. Payment of wages;
5. Purchasing licenses, paying entrance fees to SRO;
6. Formation of authorized capital;
7. Printing of advertising products.

Subsidy for equipment modernization

Not all 2018 small business support programs implemented by the SME Support Committee are intended exclusively for start-up businessmen. Thus, long-established enterprises can reimburse up to 50% of the costs associated with upgrading equipment, purchasing more productive machines or production lines, provided that the subsidy amount does not exceed 5 million rubles.

Who can receive a subsidy?

Of course, in this case, a competition must be held among applicants. SMEs that meet the following requirements are allowed to participate in it:

• The enterprise is not subject to closure, bankruptcy, reorganization or other actions restricting activities;
• The entrepreneur has no debt to the state;
• Salaries are paid on time and in full;
• The salary of employees is not lower than the minimum in the region;
• The company paid the supplier in full for the cost of the equipment;
• The state did not allocate funds to the company for modernization this year.

Foreign enterprises and domestic firms in the capital of which the share of foreign co-owners exceeds 50% cannot apply for a subsidy.

Receipt procedure

To take part in the competition for the provision of financial assistance to entrepreneurs from the state in 2018, it is necessary to prepare and submit to the commission a package of documents confirming the expenditure of funds. It includes:

Application for subsidies for small businesses in 2018.

Attachments to the application, including full information about the applicant:

• Company name or information about individual entrepreneur, place of registration, areas of activity;
• Financial indicators - turnover volume, profit and tax payments, average number employees and their salaries;
• The list of measures for the effective development of the subsidy - the number of jobs created, increase in revenue.

Evidence of the fact of legitimate acquisition of equipment and mechanisms:

• Sale and purchase agreement and acceptance certificate;
• Inventory card for accounting of fixed assets;
• Technical data sheet or operating manual;
• Evidence that the supplier is a manufacturer, official dealer or distributor of the specified type of equipment;
• Receipts, invoices or other documents confirming the expenditure of funds for the purchase and installation of equipment.

The Commission publishes the dates for receipt and consideration of applications in advance. Making a decision takes no more than five working days, and in the process of selecting the winner, attention is paid to indicators of the social and economic efficiency of the project, including:

• The ratio of the number of disabled people to total number workers;
• The presence of an innovative component in the applicant’s activities;
• Number of product supply agreements concluded with customers;
• Increase in employee salaries;
• Increase in revenue from sales of own-produced products;
• Creation of new jobs.

A necessary condition for the allocation of assistance is the creation of at least one job when receiving 1–2 million rubles, and at least two when receiving subsidies in the amount of more than 2 million rubles. Besides:

• Reimbursement for the purchase of equipment can only be made under one contract;
• Purchased equipment cannot be sold, leased or transferred to anyone under a leasing agreement for three years after receiving the subsidy;
• To reimburse part of the costs, the contract for the supply of equipment must be concluded no more than two years ago.

Special purpose

The state budget finances only the modernization of equipment intended for the production of goods; businessmen who receive income from the provision of services are not entitled to such support for small businesses in 2018. In addition, the competition commission reviewing applications emphasizes Special attention on the fact that:

• The purchased equipment must be directly involved in the production process;
• The equipment must be completely new, without traces of use;
• You can only buy equipment or a production line from the manufacturer, official dealer or distributor;
• The equipment must belong to at least the second depreciation group with an effective service life of more than two years.

Subsidy for business registration

Any beginning entrepreneur who wants to save money on registering his individual entrepreneur has to pay at least a state fee in the amount of 800 rubles and the services of a notary to certify copies of documents. Printing is also often required, which is theoretically optional, but desirable when working with clients and suppliers. Moreover, when registering an LLC, there are many more documents, and the fee is already 4,000 rubles: it is obvious that many would prefer to compensate for such expenses in the early stages of business development.

This issue is also dealt with by the Employment Center, which pays the entrepreneur a subsidy of up to 20,000 rubles to reimburse the costs of legalizing the enterprise. To receive it, an unemployed citizen must:

• Register with the CZN. To do this, you will need a passport, TIN, personal pension certificate, work book and diploma;
• Fill out the documents. It is necessary to register, obtain unemployed status, write an application for participation in the state small business support program 2018, and also conclude an agreement with the Center on the provision of subsidies;
• Confirm your desire to create a business. Possible activities include taking entrepreneurship training courses at the Employment Center, psychological testing, attending seminars;
• Register a business. You need to contact the Federal Tax Service, fill out documents and receive a certificate of registration of SPD;
• Provide confirmation to the central control center. You should provide the Employment Center with certificates of registration and registration, as well as documents confirming expenses - a receipt for payment of state duty, paid bills from a consultant, notary and stamp manufacturer.

Many beginners confuse compensation for registration costs with a subsidy of 58,800 rubles for starting a business. Meanwhile, the first is due to all entrepreneurs, regardless of the direction of their activity, while the second is paid only based on the results of selection for the implementation of projects that are promising from the point of view of the state.

Reasons for refusing assistance

Unfortunately, even an applicant who fully meets the requirements of the competition commission sometimes receives a refusal when applying for help. The main reasons why entrepreneurs remain without government support are listed below:

1. The applicant does not have experience in the relevant industry;
2. The entrepreneur has a negative credit history or has committed any violations of the rules for using subsidies provided to him in the past;
3. An area of ​​activity that is not subject to subsidies has been selected - gambling, production of excisable goods, mining, investing, insurance or other work with client funds;
4. An inflated or unreasonable amount of funding has been requested;
5. The business plan does not indicate changes in the amount of income and expenses after the provision of subsidies for individual entrepreneurs in 2018, and does not reflect the economic efficiency and social significance of the project;
6. The intended use of funds cannot be verified, since the project does not define the directions for spending financial assistance.

Conclusion

A novice entrepreneur must take into account that the new legislation expects changes in the procedure for providing assistance to existing enterprises. In contrast, in 2018, subsidies will be allocated as reimbursement for actual expenses incurred. Simply put, a company must first raise its own funds or obtain a loan, purchase the required equipment, and then submit a claim and expect compensation.

Fortunately, this inconvenience is compensated by a fairly simple procedure for obtaining a subsidy: you just need to take good idea, draw up a competent business plan on its basis with the necessary emphasis on the social importance of the project, fulfill the requirements of the organization providing assistance, and then correctly take advantage of such support, which is necessary at any stage of the entrepreneurial path.
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