Compound
Description of the dosage form
Flat-cylindrical tablets with a bevel, from pale yellow to yellow. Minor inclusions of yellow are allowed.
pharmachologic effect
pharmachologic effect- metabolic.Pharmacodynamics
Vitamin B (vitamin B c, vitamin B 9) can be synthesized and is necessary for the normal maturation of megaloblasts and the formation of normoblasts. Participates in the synthesis of amino acids (including glycine, methionine), nucleic acids, purines, pyrimidines, in the metabolism of choline, histidine.
Pharmacokinetics
Folic acid is well and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the upper parts of the duodenum (even in the presence of malabsorption syndrome due to tropical sprue).
Intensively binds to plasma proteins. Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier, the placenta, and also into breast milk. Tmax - 30-60 min. Deposited and metabolized in the liver to form tetrahydrofolic acid (in the presence of ascorbic acid under the action of dihydrofolate reductase).
It is excreted by the kidneys mainly in the form of metabolites. If the dose taken significantly exceeds the daily requirement for folic acid, it is excreted unchanged.
Eliminated by hemodialysis.
Indications for the drug Folic acid
folate deficiency anemia;
hypo- and avitaminosis of folic acid (including with tropical sprue, celiac disease, malnutrition).
Contraindications
hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
B 12 - deficiency anemia;
sucrase deficiency;
isomaltase deficiency;
fructose intolerance;
glucose-galactose malabsorption;
children's age (up to 3 years).
Carefully: folate deficiency anemia with cyanocobalamin deficiency.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Considering that folic acid deficiency is especially dangerous in the first weeks of pregnancy, it is recommended to take this vitamin in preparation for pregnancy, as well as during the entire period of gestation, 1 mg daily.
The dose and degree of risk cannot be determined independently; this should only be done by the attending physician.
Side effects
Allergic reactions - skin rash, itching, bronchospasm, erythema, hyperthermia.
Interaction
Anticonvulsants (including phenytoin and carbamazepine), estrogens, and oral contraceptives increase the need for folic acid.
Antacids (including calcium, aluminum and magnesium preparations), cholestyramine, sulfonamides (including sulfasalazine) reduce the absorption of folic acid.
Methotrexate, pyrimethamine, triamterene, trimethoprim inhibit dihydrofolate reductase and reduce the effect of folic acid (patients using these drugs should be prescribed calcium folinate instead).
Regarding zinc preparations, there is no clear information: some studies show that folates inhibit the absorption of zinc, while others refute this data.
Directions for use and doses
Inside.
Folate deficiency anemia: for adults and children of any age, the initial dose is 1 mg/day. When large doses are used, resistance may occur.
Maintenance treatment: for newborns - 0.1 mg/day; for children under 4 years old - 0.3 mg/day; for children over 4 years of age and adults - 0.4 mg/day; during pregnancy and lactation - from 0.1 to 0.8 mg/day.
For hypo- and vitamin deficiency of folic acid (depending on the severity of vitamin deficiency): adults - up to 5 mg/day; for children - in smaller doses depending on age. The course of treatment is 20-30 days.
With concomitant alcoholism, hemolytic anemia, chronic infectious diseases, after gastrectomy, malabsorption syndrome, with liver failure, liver cirrhosis, stress, the dose of the drug should be increased to 5 mg/day.
Overdose
Doses of folic acid up to 4-5 mg are well tolerated. Higher doses may cause disturbances in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract.
special instructions
To prevent folic acid hypovitaminosis, a balanced diet is most preferable. Foods rich in folic acid: green vegetables (lettuce, spinach), tomatoes, carrots, fresh liver, legumes, beets, eggs, cheese, nuts, cereals.
Folic acid is not used to treat B12-deficient, normocytic and aplastic anemia. In B 12-deficiency anemia, folic acid, improving hematological parameters, masks neurological complications. Until B12-deficiency anemia has been ruled out, administration of folic acid in doses exceeding 0.1 mg/day is not recommended (with the exception of pregnancy and lactation).
It should be kept in mind that hemodialysis patients require increased amounts of folic acid.
During treatment, antacids should be used 2 hours after taking folic acid, cholestyramine - 4-6 hours before or 1 hour after taking folic acid. It should be borne in mind that antibiotics can distort (provide deliberately underestimated indicators) the results of microbiological assessment of the concentration of folic acid in plasma and erythrocytes. When using large doses of folic acid, as well as during therapy for a long period, a decrease in the concentration of vitamin B 12 (cyanocobalamin) is possible.
After oral administration, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Metabolized in the liver and tissues. Excreted in bile and urine.
Storage conditions
Store at a temperature not exceeding 25oC, in a place protected from light.
Interaction with other drugs
When used simultaneously with oral contraceptives, the concentration of folic acid in the blood plasma may decrease.
When used simultaneously with sulfasalazine, the absorption of folic acid may be reduced.
With simultaneous use, it is possible to reduce the concentration in the blood plasma of phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone and reduce their anticonvulsant activity.
Side effect
Allergic reactions: possible skin rash, itching.
Compound
Active ingredient: folic acid 1 mg
Directions for use and doses
Product description
Pills
special instructions
In case of pernicious anemia, folic acid should be used only in conjunction with cyanocobalamin, since folic acid, stimulating hematopoiesis, does not prevent the development of neurological complications (including funicular myelosis). Long-term use of folic acid (especially in high doses) is not recommended due to the risk of reducing the concentration of cyanocobalamin in the blood.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
Release form
Tablets 1 tab.
Active ingredient: folic acid 1 mg
50 pcs. - cans (1) - cardboard packs.
5 pieces. - contour cell packaging (5) - cardboard packs.
Expiration date from date of manufacture
Indications for use
Macrocytic hyperchromic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency.
As part of combination therapy for the following diseases: anemia and leukopenia caused by drugs and ionizing radiation; sprue; chronic gastroenteritis; intestinal tuberculosis.
Prevention of folic acid deficiency in the body (including during pregnancy and lactation).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to folic acid.
pharmachologic effect
Vitamin B (vitamin Bc, B9). In the body, folic acid is reduced to tetrahydrofolic acid, which is a coenzyme involved in various metabolic processes. Necessary for normal maturation of megaloblasts and formation of normoblasts. Stimulates erythropoiesis, participates in the synthesis of amino acids (including methionine, serine), nucleic acids, purines and pyrimidines, and choline metabolism. During pregnancy, it protects the body from the effects of teratogenic factors.
Folic acid is one of the vital vitamins. As a rule, there is not much of it in the usual diet, so vitamin B9 deficiency is far from uncommon. To replenish the balance, you need to know the correct dosage of folic acid and be able to properly consume additional folate.
Vitamin B9 (medical name is folic acid) is one of the most important nutrients for humans, which is needed for many processes in the body. Folic acid helps cells grow and maintain DNA integrity, so the vitamin prevents the development of cancer.
In addition, folic acid is involved in hematopoiesis and helps the functioning of the heart and blood vessels. By improving blood supply, acid has a beneficial effect on the immune system, improving the functioning of the nervous system and the general condition of the body.
BY THE WAY
Our intestines can produce folic acid itself, but in very small quantities, so the bulk of this vitamin must come from food.
Reception features
Like any other drug, folic acid must be taken regularly. At the same time, take into account its interaction with other drugs. For example, acid reduces the effect of phenytoin, therefore, its dose needs to be increased.
A number of substances reduce the absorption of folic acid by the body:
- Antacids
- cholestyramine,
- some antibiotics (sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, neomycin, polymyxin)
The effect can also be reduced by:
- cytostatic drugs ( Methotrexate),
- antibacterial agents (Pyrimethamine),
- diuretics (Triamterene).
With this option, instead of folic acid, doctors prescribe calcium folinate.
How to take for prevention
For prevention, small daily doses of B9 are used: 400 mcg for adult.
For teenagers this dosage may be prescribed to prevent anemia, immunodeficiency and retarded physical development.
Women Those planning pregnancy are recommended to consume 1 mg of acid once a day for medicinal purposes for six months in order to reduce all kinds of fetal malformations.
When is the best time to take
"Folka" must be taken orally after meal, as indicated in all instructions for the drug.
The fact is that taking vitamins on an empty stomach can lead to irritation of the gastric mucosa: like other acids, folic acid increases its acidity. This provokes stomach diseases - gastritis, ulcers, etc.
If you take a vitamin while eating, food will be more difficult to digest, since the acid forms an insoluble complex with zinc.
Important: If you miss a pill, you do not need to take a double dose
Admission to courses
To maintain optimal levels of folic acid in the body, it is necessary to consume it daily.
ADVICE:
It is better to drink any vitamins in the morning during breakfast, with plenty of liquid. This way the body can easily remove undigested vitamin excess.
How many folic acid tablets should you take per day?
The number of tablets depends on the mass of the active substance in it, since folic acid is now sold in different dosages.
Most often, folic acid is sold in pharmacies in a dosage of 1 mg. For medicinal purposes, you need to use 1-2 tablets. per day. Pregnant women - 1 tablet per day for prevention.
Folic acid and vitamin E: dosage regimen
Vitamin E and folic acid - a pair of useful elements that complement each other. Most often, gynecologists prescribe this combination of vitamins to girls from the first stages of pregnancy or to those who are just planning it.
Vitamin E and B9 guarantee the full development of the child’s internal organs and the development of the central nervous system. Vitamin E is directly responsible for the reproductive system, increases a girl’s fertility, reduces the threat of miscarriage in the short term, and prevents the placenta from exfoliating.
When consumed with folic acid, the intestinal wall is strengthened, the mother’s condition improves: efficiency increases, immunity strengthens, and the nervous system is restored.
Optimal dosage:
- Vitamin B9 (folic acid) - 0.8 mg per day.;
- Vitamin E (tocopherol) - 0.3 mg per day..
Is it possible to take folic acid without prescription?
Any pharmacy will tell you that this medicine is available without a doctor's prescription.
If you find yourself deficient in folic acid, then the smallest daily dose will not harm you, since the excess is eliminated by the body on its own.
The best option is dietary supplements that already contain folic acid. Like vitamin complexes, dietary supplements contain many other useful substances.
ADVICE
:
The daily amount of folic acid is determined by various factors: gender, age, lifestyle and body condition; Only a doctor can help you in the selection.
Despite the widespread belief that folate is easily excreted from the body and an overdose is impossible, it must be taken into account that the vitamin has a number of contraindications:
- increased sensitivity to B9,
- malignant anemia,
- oncology,
- vitamin B12 deficiency.
Release forms
Folic acids in pharmacies can be found in the form of powders or tablets (usually 1 mg, 25 and 50 pieces per pack).
However, there are other forms of release:
100 mcg
- the minimum dosage can be prescribed by a doctor for prevention;
- 100 mcg is how many mg: 0.1 mg
400 mcg
- dosage in tablets 400 mcg:
1 tab. per day (if there is no deficiency), or half a tablet (1/2 tablet of acid) with a dosage of 1 mg per day - for children over 4 years of age and adults as maintenance treatment; pregnant women to prevent fetal defects - 400 mcg is how many mg: 0.4 mg;
- folic acid 400 mcg is how many tablets:
1 tab. dosage of 400 mcg or a quarter of a tablet with a dosage of 1 mg is the recommended daily dose for women of childbearing age and during pregnancy.
800 mcg
- dosage in tablets 800 mcg:
1 tab. or a little less than 1 tablet. a dosage of 1 mg is prescribed during pregnancy and lactation. - 800 mcg is how many mg: 0.8 mg
1 mg
- dosage in tablets 1 mg:
1 tab. for the treatment of anemia, pregnant women - from 1.2 to 2.5 tablets. per day in the first trimester. - 1 mg is how many micrograms: 1000 mcg
4 mg
- dosage in 4 mg tablets:
attributed to planning pregnancy. There is no need to be afraid of such doses: if the doctor prescribed this volume for you, it means that you or your baby are lacking B9
5 mg
- dosage in tablets 5 mg:
adults 1 tablet. per day for the treatment of vitamin deficiency, for children - in smaller doses depending on age - 5 mg is how many grams: 0.005 g
Folic acid dosage for children
Folic carbon dioxide is necessary for the growth and proper development of the body, because the body’s immunity is developed directly in childhood, the main life-support systems are formed, so it is important to give the child all the necessary vitamins for its construction.
Baby
Infants are recommended 25 mcg of folic acid every day. With normal development, the baby receives all nutrients from mother's milk, but if the doctor reveals a lack of nutrients in the newborn, B9 is prescribed additionally. Premature babies often require folic acid.
Teenager
During adolescence, B9 is necessary for children for the normal course of sexual development: vitamin B9 helps the young body establish hormonal balance. During adolescence, many face problems with the skin of the face and body: acne, pimples, redness. With the help of folic acid you can fight redness and irritation of the skin.
To prevent vitamin deficiency, children at this age are recommended to take 150-200 mcg, which is half a tablet with a dosage of 400 mcg. But you need to remember that if the body needs restoration, then the doctor determines the therapeutic dose of acid.
Schoolboy
Folic acid for school-age children from 6 to 10 years is prescribed in a dosage of 100 mcg per day; from 10 to 14 years – 150 mcg.
Schoolchildren need vitamin B9 to regulate brain activity to help children cope with their academic workload and relieve emotional stress.
How much folic acid do children need: summarizing
Daily value for women
To maintain the balance of vitamins in the body, an adult woman needs to take at least 400 mcg of folate per day.
In addition to the fact that vitamin B9 strengthens the body, normalizes internal processes and improves general condition, folic acid (folic acid, as mothers like to call it) is of particular importance for women:
- has a beneficial effect on the reproductive organs,
- stops hair loss, rejuvenates and tones the skin;
- normalizes hormonal levels;
- reduces menopause symptoms;
How many times to take per day
Doctors advise taking folic acid (vitamin B9) like all other vitamins according to the following regimen: 1 time per day, preferably in the morning, with meals. Drink with a small amount of water.
Daily norm when planning pregnancy
Doctors always prescribe folate for pregnant women. Normally, a woman should receive 400–600 mcg of acid per day, this is half a tablet with a dosage of 1 mg.
Daily value for pregnant women
How many weeks should I take folic acid?
Due to the fact that folate is not accumulated by the body, acid is needed already in the first weeks of pregnancy, doctors recommend taking it at the planning stage of the baby.
IMPORTANT!A woman's body needs vitamin B9 most in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
Daily value for nursing mothers
When breastfeeding, a young mother should drink this medicine at a dosage of at least 500-800 mcg of “folk” per day. It is better to take it as part of dietary supplements or multivitamins, since at this moment not only the mother’s body needs nutrients, but also the baby’s.
Daily value for men
If the male body receives at least 700 mcg of folic acid daily, then the risk of the formation of sperm with different types of abnormalities in chromosomes is reduced by 25-30%.
To avoid infertility in men, it is recommended to take B9 together with vitamin E.
When a couple is planning a pregnancy, a man needs to take folic acid 2-3 months in advance.
Conclusion
- Vitamin B9 ( in other words folic acid) participates in the formation of the circulatory system and immunity.
- Folic acid is primarily needed women, who decided get pregnant, as it participates in the normalization of the process of formation and development of the fetus.
- Folic acid for men necessary for good functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, improving memory, and increasing fertility.
- Folic acid is prescribed children to improve appetite, brain function and immunity.
In contact with
Trade name: Folic acid
International nonproprietary name:
folic acid
Dosage form:
pills
Folic acid composition:
1 tablet contains:
active substance:
folic acid - 0.001 g
Excipients:
lactose (milk sugar), stearic acid, potato starch, talc.
Description: tablets from light yellow to yellow, flat-cylindrical with a chamfer. Minor marbling is allowed.
Pharmacotherapeutic group:
ATX code:
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics:
Vitamin B (vitamin Bc, vitamin B9) can be synthesized by intestinal microflora. In the body, folic acid is reduced to tetrahydrofolic acid, which is a coenzyme involved in various metabolic processes. Necessary for normal maturation of megaloblasts and formation of normoblasts. Stimulates erythropoiesis, participates in the synthesis of amino acids (including glycine, methionine), nucleic acids, purines, pyrimidines, in the metabolism of choline, histidine.
Pharmacokinetics:
Folic acid, prescribed as a drug, is well and completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the upper parts of the duodenum (even in the presence of malabsorption syndrome due to tropical sprue, while dietary folates are poorly absorbed in malabsorption syndrome). Intensively binds to plasma proteins.
Penetrates the blood-brain and placental barriers and passes into breast milk.
Time to reach maximum concentration in blood plasma (TC m ah) is 30-60 minutes.
Deposited and metabolized in the liver to form tetrahydrofolic acid (in the presence of ascorbic acid under the action of dihydrofolate reductase).
Excreted by the kidneys mainly in the form of metabolites; if the dose taken significantly exceeds the daily requirement for folic acid, it is excreted unchanged.
Eliminated by hemodialysis.
Folic acid indications for use
Treatment of megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency. Prevention and treatment of folic acid deficiency in tropical and non-tropical sprue, malnutrition.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the components included in the drug; childhood; B12 deficiency anemia.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
Folic acid: method of application and dosage
The drug is administered orally, after meals, 1 mg/day. When large doses are used, resistance may occur.
The course of treatment is 20-30 days.
Side effect
Allergic reactions - skin rash, itching, bronchospasm, erythema, hyperthermia.
Overdose
There are no data on overdose.
Interaction with other drugs
Anticonvulsants (including phenytoin and carbamazepine), estrogens, and oral contraceptives increase the need for folic acid. Folic acid reduces the effectiveness of phenytoin.
Antacids (including calcium, aluminum and magnesium preparations), cholestyramine, sulfonamides (including sulfasalazine) reduce the absorption of folic acid.
Methotrexate, pyrimethamine, triamterene, trimethoprim inhibit dihydrofolate reductase and reduce the effect of folic acid (patients using these drugs should be prescribed calcium folinate instead).
special instructions
Folic acid is not used to treat B12 deficiency (pernicious), normocytic and aplastic anemia. In pernicious (B12-deficiency) anemia, folic acid, while improving hematological parameters, masks neurological manifestations. Until pernicious anemia is excluded, the administration of folic acid in doses exceeding 0.1 mg/day is not recommended (with the exception of pregnancy and lactation).
Patients on hemodialysis need increased amounts of folic acid (up to 5 mg/day).
During treatment, antacids should be used 2 hours after taking folic acid, cholestyramine - 4-6 hours before or 1 hour after taking folic acid. It should be borne in mind that antibiotics can distort (provide deliberately underestimated indicators) the results of microbiological assessment of the concentration of folic acid in plasma and erythrocytes.
Folic acid
Composition and release form of the drug
◊ Pills from light yellow to yellow, round, flat-cylindrical, chamfered; orange inclusions are allowed.
Excipients: sucrose - 65 mg, potato starch - 33 mg, stearic acid - 1 mg.
10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (3) - cardboard packs.
10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (5) - cardboard packs.
10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (6) - cardboard packs.
15 pcs. - contour cell packaging (2) - cardboard packs.
15 pcs. - contour cell packaging (4) - cardboard packs.
pharmachologic effect
When used simultaneously with sulfasalazine, the absorption of folic acid may be reduced.
With simultaneous use, it is possible to reduce the concentration in the blood plasma of phenytoin, primidone and reduce their anticonvulsant activity.
special instructions
In case of pernicious anemia, folic acid should be used only in conjunction with cyanocobalamin, since folic acid, stimulating hematopoiesis, does not prevent the development of neurological complications (including funicular myelosis). Long-term use of folic acid (especially in high doses) is not recommended due to the risk of decreased blood concentrations.