According to new federal standards, creative work using technology is a mandatory part of the educational process. Such activities should demonstrate the skills and abilities that were acquired by the student in technology lessons. Thanks to such work, they can show their individuality. In addition, creative work using technology helps the child to use theoretical knowledge in practice.
Why are technology projects needed?
Technology projects as a learning option
Let's try to figure out what a creative technology project is. An example of such an activity is the creation of a wooden stool. Before proceeding with the actual assembly of the product, project participants study theoretical issues (product elements, options for fastening parts) and pay attention to safety precautions.
DIY stool
The “Stool” project seems simple only at first glance. In reality, the situation is much more complicated, because you need to choose the optimal size of the legs and the parameters of the base of the stool in order to get not only a beautiful, but also a stable product. The project may contain elements of research, abstracts, and reports. For example, you can analyze how the shape and appearance of a stool changed, and trace the use of source materials for its creation. Creative work of this type is based on the independence of schoolchildren.
Each creative project using technology (any example can be given: embroidery, wood carving) is aimed at cooperation between the student and the teacher. Already at an early age, the child develops initial professional skills; on their basis, the child can choose his future profession. Such activities combine several types of work: pair, individual, group, collective. The teacher is a consultant, partner, coordinator, and the bulk of the work falls on the shoulders of the students themselves. Each creative technology project (examples will be given below) encourages children to acquire new skills and knowledge. By working on a specific topic, schoolchildren receive a specific result, which has a positive effect on their self-esteem.
Project "Soft Toy"
Not all girls love to sew, but all of them, without exception, adore soft toys. To combine their love of stuffed animals with regular technology lessons, consider a fluffy bunny making project. The goal of the work will be to create a soft toy. The starting materials for the work are pieces of fur, thread, a needle, filler for a toy, cardboard for a pattern. The project involves working in a group. One girl will be making a pattern for the future bunny. You can choose a ready-made pattern or make it yourself. The task of the second needlewoman is to connect the parts. Another participant in the project will fill finished parts with soft filler. All girls will take part in the final stage, during which individual parts will be connected to each other.
Examples of creative projects for girls
In order to give your mother an original gift on March 8, you don’t have to spend money; you can make it yourself. The creative project “Postcard to Mom” involves creating a beautiful postcard using the scrapbooking technique. At the first stage, girls get acquainted with the features of technology and examine finished products. Next, together with the teacher, they set a goal: to make an unusual and bright postcard. To achieve this goal, materials are selected: colored cardboard, satin ribbons, figured hole punches, halves of pearls. Next, an action plan is outlined, the sequence of work is analyzed, and responsibilities are distributed between project participants. A creative technology project is an example of using available materials to obtain an original result. We suggest a sequence of actions:
- We bend ordinary cardboard in half, choosing the desired postcard size (10 by 15 cm, 20 by 25 cm).
- Next, using a figured hole punch, we give the card an unusual shape and trim the edges. The shape can also be given using commercially available ones.
- Let's move on to the most important point - the design of the outer part of the postcard. At this stage, girls will be able to show their creativity, come up with satin ribbon bows and unusual pictures for decoration. As an additional touch, you can consider attaching the halves of pearls.
- While one group is designing the front part of the card, the second group can think about the internal content: text, design. The easiest way would be to print a ready-made template on a color printer, but poems or congratulations of your own composition will be much more pleasant for mothers.
- Finally, you need to glue a congratulation to the finished card.
Such a project will definitely unite the girls and help the teacher solve a lot of problems related to the interpersonal relationships of teenagers.
Example of an individual technology project
An example of a project for one student to complete is crocheting. In order to make a knitted handbag, a girl must first master theoretical knowledge. The teacher introduces the technique of crocheting, helps to choose a product model, and choose threads. Together with a mentor, the needlewoman chooses the dimensions of the product, the knitting option, and its density. The second stage of the project involves individual work by the schoolgirl. The teacher’s task is to periodically monitor the quality of the resulting product, as well as help when difficulties and difficulties arise. The end result of such a project should be a finished product - an unusual knitted handbag.
Conclusion
A teacher who uses project technology in his work meets the requirements that are presented to him as part of the transition to new education standards. It is in such joint activities with students that trusting relationships are formed, and all the prerequisites for the comprehensive development of the child’s personality arise. Attempts to find together an answer to the problem set by the teacher contribute to the formation of communication skills. Schoolchildren who have experience working on a variety of projects do not experience difficulties when studying in secondary specialized and higher educational institutions.
Educational activities according to the Federal State Educational Standard do not involve simply memorizing theoretical material, but practicing it using specific examples. More fruitful cooperation in the process of work between students and the teacher leads to the formation of the ability to set a goal and look for a rational way to achieve it. Analytical skills acquired in technology lessons will help children make quick and correct decisions in everyday life. The project approach is distinguished by humanism, respect for the student’s personality, and a positive charge. This activity is aimed primarily at developing the child’s personality and solving the problem of adaptation in modern society.
Contents 1. Selection and justification of the project 2. Formulation of the problem 3. Development of the project idea 4. Information about the product 5. Drawing of the product 6. Drawing of the product 7. Alternative options 8. Logistics of the project 9. Manufacturing technology of the product 10. Economic justification 11 Analysis of the results obtained.
1. Selection and justification of the project There are no wall clocks in my room, but a clock is a very important element. It is impossible to imagine the life of a modern person without a clock; you constantly have to keep track of the time, and it is very convenient when the clock is on the wall. In technology lessons I learned how to make standard connections, with the help of which I decided to make a wall clock in a wooden frame myself. My dad and I often go fishing, so I decided to make a comic fishing watch that will tell better than any words about the interests and hobbies of its owner. 2. Statement of the problem To make it more convenient to keep track of time, I decided to make a wall clock for my room..
3. Development of the project idea project “Fisherman's Clock” necessity product design requirements for the device equipment, tools, accessories necessary materials product drawing calculation of the product cost project protection, testing, evaluation production of the project
8. Logistics and technical support for the project Materials: Wooden beam 20x30 mm 4 timber 250 mm long 1 timber 15 mm long Plywood, 3 mm thick Nails 15 mm Nails 25 mm Sanding paper PVA glue Colored varnish for wood Clock mechanism Decorative elements Equipment: Workbench Tools: Ruler Pencil Square Hacksaw File Brush Hammer Screwdriver Pliers
9. Manufacturing technology of the product p/p Contents of the operation Equipment, tools and devices 1 Marking wooden beams and plywood according to the specified dimensions of the drawing Ruler, pencil, square 2 Cutting wooden beams and plywood according to the specified dimensions of the drawing Hacksaw, workbench 3 Preparing the wooden parts of the product for gluing File 4 Gluing the frame parts Brush, PVA glue 5 Applying colored varnish to the frame and plywood base Brush, colored varnish for wood 6 Attaching the frame to the plywood base Hammer 7 Installing the clock mechanism Screwdriver, pliers, clock mechanism 8 Decorating the clock Brush, PVA glue
10. Economic justification Material costs: 1. Wooden beam with dimensions 1200x20x30 - 40 rubles; 2. Plywood, 1000x1000x3 mm - 60 rubles, ¼ part used - 15 rubles; 3. Nails 1 pc. – 10 kopecks, 20 pcs used. – 2 rubles; 4. Sanding paper – 100x150mm – 5 rubles; 5. PVA glue 20g. – 10 rubles, 4g used. – 2 rubles; 6. Colored varnish for wood 150g. – 50 rubles, 30g used. - 10 rubles; 7. Clock mechanism – 20 rubles; Total for materials: =94 rubles Labor costs: 1 hour of work for a 7th grade student – 25 rubles; Product manufacturing time 6 hours; Total: 6 x 25 rubles = 150 rubles Product cost: Material costs + labor costs = = 244 rubles. In the store, a wall clock in a wooden frame costs 600 rubles. A handmade product costs 244 rubles. The savings amounted to: 600 – 244 = 356 rubles (60% of the cost of the watch). Conclusion: making watches with your own hands is profitable.
11. Analysis of the results As a result of the work, I made a clock that will hang on the wall in my room and show the time. In addition, the clock will perfectly decorate my room. I believe that I managed to make an inexpensive, beautiful and practical product.
Project work
SUBJECT:
"Cutting board
with painting."
Work completed:
Grishkova
Valentina Mikhailovna
Akhtubinsk
Stage 1
Search and research
Discussion of the idea
Awareness of the problem, social significance (for home, school, playground, etc.)
Searching for information on your problem (library, magazines, museums, Internet)
Independent work on the selection of drawings and sketches to create an object.
Assessing your knowledge and skills to implement your idea
Assessment of time, materials, their cost, product appearance, environmental friendliness, manufacturing techniques.
Stage 2
Design and technology
Drawing up sketches of the main parts of the product
Manufacturing sequence development
Selection of materials, tools, devices
Making a sketch of the product
Manufacture of the product according to the technological map in compliance with the work culture.
Stage 3
Final
Analysis and evaluation of the product (advantages, disadvantages, self-assessment of the result)
Project protection
Project documentation
Criteria for evaluating project implementation
Reasoning for the choice of topic, justification of the need, practical orientation of the project and the significance of the work performed.
The volume and completeness of development, implementation of accepted design stages, independence, completeness, preparedness for the perception of the project by other people, material embodiment.
Reasonedness of the proposed solutions, approaches, conclusions.
Level of creativity, originality of the topic.
The quality of the explanatory note.
Product quality, compliance with standards, originality.
An example of a creative project
Project topic: Cutting board with painting.
Executor: Grishkova Valentina Mikhailova
Project goals: Perform technological operations accurately and accurately; assimilate acquired knowledge; evaluate the work done.
Sections of the explanatory note:
Justification of the topic of the selected project.
Scheme of organization of manufacturing of the designed product.
Studying the history of the development of folk arts, folk craftsmen, and their works.
Design analysis.
List of technical documentation attached to the product.
Characteristics of the materials used.
Calculation part.
The grafical part.
Technological part.
Economic part.
Safety precautions.
Ecological part.
Results of the work.
Literature.
1. Justification of the topic of the selected project.
Who wouldn’t want to decorate their kitchen with an elegant cutting board that will immediately make it look unique and cozy.
To do this, it is absolutely not necessary to go shopping, looking for something that matches the interior of the kitchen. It is much more pleasant to spend these hours making objects that ennoble everyday life. I will give this board to my mother. I put my soul into this work and I hope you will like my gift.
2. Scheme of organization of manufacturing of the designed product.
3. Study of the history of decorative and applied arts.
4. Sketches of alternative models.
5. Design analysis.
Having examined all possible sketches of boards, I decided to create my own composition consisting of a bird and flowers. This is labor-intensive work that requires accuracy and precision. And since I made sketches of individual elements of painting in fine arts lessons, I considered it possible to complete this work.
6. List of technical documentation.
Basic elements of painting.
Sketches of alternative models.
Copies of famous masters.
7. Characteristics of the materials used.
Blank board made of plywood 8 mm thick.
Paints – gouache (12 colors).
Brushes (columns) No. 1; No. 2; No. 4; No. 5.
PVA glue.
Varnish “Yacht”.
8. Calculation part.
The size of my board is 22cm x 18cm.
9. Graphic part.
To paint the board according to the intended design, I needed to master the principles of drawing construction. I completed a number of exercises on paper.
I worked on the color and background of the murals. I decided to use bright, sonorous, local tones.
10. Technological part.
Before starting work, the board is impregnated with PVA glue diluted with water. Then the background is applied and the drawing is applied to the board according to the planned sketch. After this, the resin is applied. Errors are being corrected. The product is varnished and dried.
11. Economic part.
| Type of material | price, rub. |
| Varnish “Yacht” | |
| Total: 200 rub. (Excluding labor costs) |
|
12. Safety precautions.
The product was manufactured in compliance with the necessary requirements and rules of safe operation, in a clear sequence of technological operations, with the correct use of materials.
13. Ecological part.
All materials used are made from environmentally friendly raw materials and do not contain toxic substances.
14. Results of the work.
I checked the quality of my work. It turned out well, clean, neat, the colors harmoniously combined with each other. Overall, it turned out to be an artistic piece that will serve as a gift for my mother.
15. Literature.
Konovalov A.E. Gorodets painting. Bitter. 1988.
L.Ya. Suprun. Gorodets painting. Ed. “Culture and Traditions.” Tver, 2006.
H.I. Makhmutova. Wood painting. – M.: Education, 1987.
Project planning and brief analysis
This project was completed in accordance with the planned time to work on it - 14 hours.
1 week (2 hours). Setting goals and objectives. Selection of literature, selection of materials, tools.
Week 2 (2 hours). Research and development of ideas. Collection of information (library, Internet). Assessing your capabilities, knowledge, abilities, skills.
Week 3 (2 hours). Search for alternative options. Making sketches and drawings.
Week 4 (2 hours). Development of manufacturing sequence. Composing a drawing.
Week 5 (2 hours) and week 6 (2 hours). Practical activities on painting a cutting board in compliance with labor discipline, work culture, and safety precautions.
Week 7 (2 hours). Analysis and evaluation of the product.
As a result of this project, I became acquainted with the history of arts and crafts and folk art in Russia, studied color science, drawing, the laws of composition, drew sketches on my own, developed and evaluated my project.
The project was completed in full with a creative approach. The quality of the product meets the requirements for kitchen utensils. The explanatory note presents the reasoning behind the choice of topic, justification of the need and practical orientation.
Conclusion
As a result of project activities, the ability to solve creative problems develops. Independence, hard work, enterprise, culture of behavior, and patriotism are fostered. Aesthetic feelings and artistic initiative develop. An aesthetic attitude towards work is formed.
Project-based learning develops the social aspect of the individual by including it in various activities in real, social and industrial relations, helps to adapt in competitive conditions, and instills vital knowledge and skills in the field of housekeeping and family economics.
When I see the end result in front of me - a thing that we can use in everyday life, made with our own hands, self-esteem increases, and this educates morally.
Literature.
Sergeev I.S. How to organize student project activities. – M.: Arkti, 2007.
Technology. Grades 5-11: Project activities of students. Auto-stat. L.N. Morozova, N.G. Kravchenko, O.V. Pavlova. – Volgograd: Teacher, 2007.
The decoupage technique has recently become increasingly popular. It is a varnished appliqué made from napkins. You can decorate absolutely any surface with decoupage - from furniture to a banal cutting board. We place our drawing on the surface of the board and carefully cover it with glue diluted with water in a 50/50 ratio.
Decorating a product using decoupage technique
Technology teacher: Irina Pavlovna Zharkova, MBOU "Izhevsk Secondary School named after K.E. Tsiolkovsky", Ryazan regionCreative project on technology on the topic "Beautiful flowerpots using decoupage technique"
Whoever feels the beauty of flowers belongs to the world. Where flowers degenerate, man cannot live.Hegel.
Objective of the project: make pots for indoor plants
Tasks:
get acquainted with various ways of decorating flower pots;
find and study new surface decoration technologies;
decorate the pots yourself;
show imagination and creativity.
Houseplants- decoration of any room. Without landscaping, the interior seems uncomfortable, empty, and uncomfortable.
During technology lessons, students learned how to grow and care for indoor plants. Everyone loves flowers. Some people prefer decorative leafy plants: ivy, ficus, monstera, spurge, dracaena, yucca, begonia and others. These plants are grown not for the flowers, but for the beauty of the leaves or stems. Some people grow plants in pots with their natural appearance, especially if the plant itself is valuable. However, beautiful flowerpots make the plant even more attractive. Stores sell mostly unattractive flowerpots, and if they are decorated, they are very expensive. To highlight the beauty of the leaves of indoor plants, you need to decorate the flower pots.
Research and analysis of the problem
Being creative today is interesting and fashionable. Scrolling through the pages of the Internet, you can find a lot of interesting and fascinating things about arts and crafts. Decorated flower pots are original, practical, environmentally friendly and inexpensive. The decorating process is a fascinating activity that allows you to turn banal, inconspicuous things into exquisite decorative elements.
Ponder star
History of decoupage
Decoupage is the art of decorating objects by gluing cut-outs of colored paper in combination with special effects such as painting, cutting, coating with gold leaf and others. Typically, items such as small boxes or furniture are covered with magazine clippings or specially produced paper. The object for decoupage is coated with varnish (often several layers) until the joint disappears and the result looks like painting or inlay. With the traditional method, up to 30-40 layers of varnish can be used, which are sanded until completely smooth. This method was used in England in the 18th century as the art of qapanning
Product requirements
Evoke positive emotions
Inexpensive in cost
Designed to decorate the interior of a room
Development of initial project ideas. Analysis of options
1. Decorating a flower pot with eggshells
Pros: beautiful, interesting
Disadvantages: does not meet 1 criterion.
2. Using shells to implement a marine theme
Pros: original
Disadvantages: does not meet criterion 2.
3. Decoupage technique on a flower pot
Pros: beautiful, interesting, original
No disadvantages
Decoupage technique
Decoupage was considered “the art of the poor,” which is not surprising, because... You don't need anything fancy to create exquisite effects. On the contrary, only ordinary materials from the farm. Of course, you can purchase materials made specifically for decoupage, but you can use ordinary things that lie around you at home. This makes decoupage one of the cheapest crafts.
The decoupage technique is quite simple. It is necessary to perform some work sequentially:
1 – prepare the workpiece,
2 – choose an interesting napkin,
3 – cut out the required number of patterns,
4 – separate the top layer,
5 – glue the patterns onto the workpiece,
6 – dry the product.
After these steps, you can proceed with further decoration or leave it as is, covering it with a layer of protective varnish. The work can take several days depending on the drying speed of the materials: glue, varnish.
It is convenient to apply materials using brushes with different numbers, rollers, and sponges. You should check their quality in advance, since it is unpleasant when fluff remains on the painted surface. Synthetic brushes are easy to use. A top coat of paint is applied to the surface of the pots to create a more interesting background for pictures.
To begin with, cover the surface with a layer of glue and carefully apply a napkin, leveling all its areas. This work cannot be rushed, but even if there is a small defect, for example, the napkin is torn in some place, its edges are carefully connected and allowed to dry. The image can be applied to a dry pot, and then glue can be applied.
Materials and tools for project implementation
To work in the decoupage technique, a set of certain tools and materials is required. When decorating flower pots, you need the flowerpot blanks themselves, which can be plastic or ceramic. The pattern on the front side is obtained by gluing napkins, drawings from decoupage cards or applying acrylic paint. Basically, the work will require paint, glue, and varnish. It’s a good idea to use primer before painting to enhance the adhesion of the decor to the surface of the flowerpot. You can use glue specially designed for decoupage; you can dilute stationery PVA with water in a ratio of 1:1, 1:2 or 1:3.
To complete the project it was required:
1. plastic planter
2. acetone
3. napkins
4. brushes
5. PVA glue
6. acrylic varnish
Safety rules for glue and paint liquids:
1. Be careful with glue.
2. Do not inhale it.
3. After preparing the product, you need to wash your hands under warm water and soap.
4. Ventilate the room periodically.
Technology for manufacturing a design product
1. Treat the flower pot with acetone to degrease the surface and apply a layer of glue.
2. Prepare the napkins for use by separating the top layer.
3. Glue the design element, starting from the middle to the edges, smoothing out all the wrinkles.
4. Dry.
5. Cover the surface of the product with acrylic varnish.
6. Place the flower in the flowerpot.
Product cost calculation
How much does it cost? This type of needlework is quite inexpensive. The initial costs are low: you can get by with glue and napkins. You can get a taste for it, buy more paints, markers, varnishes, etc. A matter of taste, imagination and wallet.
The calculation of materials costs did not include the cost of PVA glue, because... These materials and objects were found at my home.
We also do not take into account energy costs, because work was carried out during the daytime.
1. Napkins - 2.50 rubles per one.
2. Pots - 99 rubles.
3. Acrylic varnish - 10 rub.
Total: 111 rubles 50 kopecks. The cost of similar products in the store is at least 250 rubles.
Analysis of completed work
The project goal has been achieved. The flower pot turned out bright and beautiful. It depicts flowers. This product can decorate any interior. In the process of working on the project, you will learn a lot of new and interesting things about decoupage. The work was done carefully. The result of the work met all expectations. The school students liked the planter. The main thing is that everyone is able to get acquainted with and master the technique of decoupage. Anyone can make amazing products with their own hands, which can become an original gift.
After analyzing the work performed, we can conclude that a thing made with one’s own hands is more expensive than something bought in a store, because love, skills and a piece of the author’s soul are invested in it.