“...In one of the central quiet lanes of Moscow, almost all the houses belonged to grandfather and almost the entire family lived in this (Sverchkov) lane.” But the story of how the dynasty of confectioners won the hearts (and taste buds) of Muscovites begins at the end of the 18th century. It was then that serf confectioner Stepan Nikolaevich, thanks to his famous apricot pastille, received both the opportunity to move to Moscow to start his own business and his family name. Although there is a version that the peasant received it not because of the apricots, but because of the quitrent he paid. And it was originally written differently: Obrekosov.
Be that as it may, later this business was inherited by his son Ivan, but he could not stay on the market for long. Stepan’s grandson, Alexey Ivanovich, decided to resume the story in 1847. He received a loan from a previous employer, and a few years later invested his wife’s dowry and founded the trading house A.I. Abrikosov's sons."
Abrikosov and his wife Agrippina had 22 children, and he tried to send all of them to study abroad. “This is your best and, perhaps, only capital,” the entrepreneur said about education, so he helped all his offspring in any endeavors, but set one condition: after the wedding, the sons, instead of money, receive part of the confectionery business so that they can run it themselves.
Already in 1880, the share company A.I. was founded on the basis of the factory. Abrikosov's sons factory and trading partnership." Then the management passed into the hands of Ivan Alekseevich, and it was he who opened the first retail store in Russia trading network with shops in major cities Russia and the production of fruit raw materials in Simferopol. Why there? The fact is that in 1883 the confectioner acquired the Popov tea partnership and to promote trade
I went to China, where I saw an interesting technology: tea trees were planted here so that they were surrounded by other plants and could absorb their aroma. He did the same, planting pears, apricots and peaches in an oak grove, which made the filling of his sweets unique.
But the innovation of the Abrikosov family did not end there. They were the first in Russia to create the technology for canning fruits and vegetables and master the production of glazed fruits, cough candies and marshmallows. And their gift cards, pictures, paper toys and mosaics in boxes of chocolates became the prototype of everyone’s favorite “Kinder Surprise”. Finally, it was from this factory that the tradition of making chocolate hares and Santa Clauses for the New Year began. Who knows, if it weren’t for them, perhaps we wouldn’t have not only holiday gifts, but also the songs of Pierre Narcisse at the “Star Factory”.
“Abrikosov’s name appeared on billboards, posters, signs on the facades of houses and in shop windows. Special colorful price lists were published - prototypes of modern advertising booklets,” writes the confectioner’s grandson Khrisanf Nikolaevich in “ Family chronicle" Various charity events were also organized. For example, on Pushkin’s birthday, all high school students in the capital received gift chocolates with the poet’s image.
With the advent of the partnership's stores in the Upper Trading Rows (now GUM), on Kuznetsky Most in the Solodovnikov Passage, in the Lubyansko-Ilyinsky Trading Rows, as well as on Tverskaya Street in Polyakov's house, advertising campaigns became even more sophisticated. For example,
One day, some newspaper published news that in one Abrikosov store only blondes worked, and in another - exclusively brunettes. Curious townspeople immediately went to check, and at the same time bought sweets to take home.
At the same time, the partnership took care of its workers: dormitories with separate rooms for each were built at the factories, employees were provided free food, discounts on products, gifts on holidays, they were also one of the first to experience the beauty of electricity and the “electrotheater”. Agrippina Abrikosova, being a mother of many children, organized at the factory kindergarten, a free maternity hospital and women's hospital. Her last wish was to establish a free maternity hospital in Moscow, and it was fulfilled in 1889. After the revolution, maternity hospital No. 6 on Alexander Nevsky Street was renamed in honor of Krupskaya, but the name of the founder was returned only in 1994.
In fact, there are many “Apricot” traces left in the capital. Thus, Vnukovo airport is named after the nearby estate, which Agrippina Alexandrovna gave to her grandchildren. There, in one of the manor houses, there is now Orphanage"Young guard". And the famous Plekhanovka was created by Alexei Abrikosov, who sent a letter to the emperor asking for this.
But after the revolution, the name of the Abrikosovs disappeared from the brand: he was replaced by the worker Pyotr Babaev, who died in the fight against the counter-revolution in 1920. In general, the revolution had a great influence on the family of hereditary confectioners, and they managed to escape partly thanks to the name of Alexei Ivanovich Abrikosov, a talented pathologist. The dynasty lived on Arbat, made money by selling furniture and small “covens,” but was able to preserve family values: not only the “Abrikosov” spirit, but also a gift from Emperor Nicholas I - an award ring that Ivan Stepanovich received at an exhibition in St. Petersburg in 1883.
Einem and the Chocolate Factory
20s of the XIX century. In a small ascetic house in the German city of Bad Belzig, a real drama unfolds: Pastor Karl Einem found a piece of food in the pocket of his little son Ferdinand. chocolate candy. The future priest did not listen to his father’s words and gazed intently at the “sinful fall” melting on the table. Who knew that at the age of 17 he would make such sweets himself, and then, following the instructions of his teacher, would go to Russia to create his own chocolate empire?
In 1850, Ferdinand, in order to acquire start-up capital, began production of sawn sugar - refined sugar, if we say so. And a year later, the German’s dream came true: he opened a small confectionery shop on Arbat (house 30 on the corner of Bolshoi Nikolo-Peskovsky Lane) and became the father of bar chocolate in Russia, establishing its production.
“Einem became rich during the Sevastopol War when he took upon himself and with remarkable honesty fulfilled a contract for the supply of syrups and jam for the wounded,”
- they will write later in one of the newspapers.
But it becomes difficult to maintain and develop the enterprise alone, and then in 1856 the chocolatier turns to Colonel Lermontov and collegiate secretary Romanov for help. They lend him five thousand rubles and agree that Einem will return a third of the production income. The stumbling block was the unspecified time for the return of money, so after a year and a half, the former partners sued the confectioner for non-payment of dividends. However, the home agreement was recognized as valid, and, according to the judge, Einem was not obliged to pay them at all.
Apparently, the confectioner no longer risked collaborating with the Russians, and his next partner was the German Julius Geis, whom he met in 1857. Together, the entrepreneurs made a wonderful chocolate tandem: their best decision was to buy steam engine, which significantly increased the speed and improved the quality of production.
Young Geis was interested in flowers and photography. Perhaps it was thanks to these passions that he paid such attention to packaging and advertising. The first package of chocolates was, of course, with a picture of the factory and medals received at various exhibitions. If girls were drawn on the boxes, then in most cases they were factory or store workers. Further more. Paintings by famous Russian artists adorned silk, velvet and satin boxes, inside which buyers found collectible cards, embroidery patterns, game cards, branded napkins, postcards and special candy tweezers. In addition, geographic maps with the company logo, jars for bulk products, salted fish for beer lovers and marzipan figurines for New Year trees were produced.
The chocolatiers also did not forget about high things: advertising was placed on airships and theater posters. The stores also had special machines so that the youngest customers could buy a chocolate bar weighing 5-6 g with their own hands. True, this cost parents a pretty penny - more precisely, ten. Having so many sources of income, Geis and Einem donated five kopecks from every pound of sweets to charitable institutions in Moscow and the German School for the Poor and Orphans.
Einem's latest sweet innovation was English biscuits, which he did so well that he pushed aside foreign suppliers not only in Russia, but even in their homeland. It was a real sensation: a Russian manufacturer entered the world market and did not crumble along the way!
In many ways, the success of the comrades depended on the confectioners’ purchase of a factory on Sofiyskaya Embankment, which opened in 1871. Now we know it as “Red October” with designer stores and fashionable clubs.
After Einem's death in 1876, the factory under Geis' leadership continued to prosper, winning awards and maintaining a reputation for excellence. Even under the founder, it was first introduced in Russia maternity leave two weeks and a decent pension. The heir improved this system even further: the factory had the highest salaries in the confectionery industry (from 20 rubles), a commensurate pension and the shortest working day (10 hours). The workers' first day was "sweetened" by literally words: an orientation tour for new arrivals was accompanied by a product tasting.
The German was very proud of the order at his enterprise. In a letter to a friend in 1901, he wrote: "I have never had any absenteeism, strikes or drunkenness at all." It is immediately clear that this was said before the first revolution, although even then the uprisings at the factory were miniscule and quickly faded away. Another reason for pride was the slogans of other protesters who demanded conditions like those of Einem.
During February Revolution Geis's sons were forced to finally leave production. The factory was transferred to the state and renamed “Red October”. One of the country's most famous products was produced here. "Alyonushka!" - the heroes of fairy tales shouted in the forest, as well as children in candy stores. In the early 1960s, the USSR government adopted a new food program, one of the important points of which was the creation of affordable milk chocolate. The winners in this “chocolate race” were specialists from the Red October factory. For the wrapper, they chose a photograph of Alexander Gerinas, which depicted his daughter Elena. It is her face that has been decorating chocolate wrappers almost unchanged for more than half a century.
Dragee with a surprise
In 1853, Adolphe Siu and his wife Eugenie, like many foreigners of the 19th century, came to Russia to get rich. They chose sweets as a source for the treasured banknotes and in 1855 they opened a small confectionery shop in Vargin’s house on Tverskaya Street.
The head of the family was also passionate about perfumery and ran a perfumery in the confectionery shops. Age was taking its toll, and it was time to leave the matter in the hands of the little Sioux. The three sons of the pastry chef distributed responsibilities according to their preferences and temperament. The eldest Louis was involved in packaging and product design, Charles was a real boss and cooperated with the enterprise, calculating the benefits of every possible deal, and the youngest - Adolphe - was completely immersed in retail trade. Armand, the confectioners’ cousin, did not pass by either, he did not part with the accounts and devoted himself to the accounting of the enterprise.
At the same time, the father’s tight French gloves did not allow the brothers to become mushy and stop working.
So, one day in the children’s office, Adolf Siu saw a large leather chair. The father was so angry that he ordered this furniture, “suitable only for pampered ladies and feeble old men,” to be removed. “Young, energetic people should not sit in such a chair,” he added sternly.
To establish production, in 1884 the family built a factory on Petersburg Highway (present-day Leningradsky Prospekt), where, like all large confectionery shops, Siu was one of the first to install electricity and build dormitories next to the factories with all amenities and infrastructure, including a hospital. What was really different was that the factory had a printing press.
The confectionery also acquired a car, which was used for the first time to transport goods. With its recognizable design and bright inscription “A. Siu and Co.,” it stood out from the rest of the already few cars.
The Sioux family popularized many sweets in Russia, such as toffee, then known as "sappho candy." They also brought out a new subtype of classic dragees - with liqueur, which intoxicated avid customers. But the most successful and famous product of the factory was cookies, or biscuit, as they were called in the English manner.
“No matter how much attention is paid to the production of biscuit, it is still difficult to maintain, especially in Russia, with its long distances.
Therefore, we treat all the little details of installation with great care,” they wrote in the book dedicated to the fifth birthday of the factory.
The Siu also became innovators in terms of advertising. “When you buy 10 pounds of chocolate at a time, from 1 ruble you get 1 pound of chocolate or one chocolate bowl for making onago,” “Gather a collection,” said the price lists of that time. At the same time, the collectible candy inserts were not only decorative, but also educational. Thus, cookies from the “Natural Science” series were very popular, which provided instructions on simple physical and chemical experiments. Among the artists who created candy packaging was Alphonse Mucha, who conquered Europe with his Art Nouveau drawings.
The company was also known for its strict selection of personnel: even the security guards required recommendations from acquaintances or simply influential people. The strictness in personnel policy was compensated by generosity towards the selected employees: those who worked for 25 years were given a gold watch, and those who worked for 15 years were given a silver watch.
Nevertheless, the real glory in the centuries and stomachs of Russia has been preserved for “A. Siu and Co” precisely thanks to the “Yubileinoe” cookies, first released in 1913 in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Romanov family. After the revolution, cookies returned only in 1967, when the October Revolution turned 50 years old. Then there was no smell of Sioux in Russia - the family returned to France, the factory became Bolshevik, and the perfume workshop of the founder was closed.
In Moscow, in addition to the financial sector, the service sector, and the entertainment industry, does there exist what is called the real sector of the economy? Is there industrial production in Moscow?
Believe it or not, industry exists in Moscow. Or better yet, it is alive, well, and in some cases even thriving.
Currently, about 1,000 large and medium-sized, as well as 13,000 small industrial enterprises operate in Moscow industry. In the field industrial production more than half a million people are employed, and about 400 thousand people are employed in science and scientific services.
I will try to tell and show what and where they produce in the capital of our Motherland.
Among the most important species manufactured products - automobile gasoline, diesel fuel, synthetic resins and chemical fibers, electrical equipment, pumps, compressors, cars, building materials, furniture, cosmetics and perfumes, shoes, clothing, food, etc.
I'll start with Food Industry, it is very developed in Moscow, has long traditions and a long history.
Meat processing plants
LLC MPZ "CampoMos"
OJSC Ostankino Meat Processing Plant
OJSC "Tsaritsyno"
OJSC Biryulevsky Meat Processing Plant
OJSC Businovsky Meat Processing Plant
CJSC Mikoyanovsky Meat Processing Plant
OJSC Cherkizovsky Meat Processing Plant
LLC "TPK Capital Delicacy"
Dairy industry
OJSC "Ostankino Dairy Plant"
OJSC "Tsaritsyn Dairy Plant"
OJSC "Ochakovsky Dairy Plant"
OJSC "Lianozovsky Dairy Plant" - (OJSC "Vim Bil Dan - LMK") - the largest dairy enterprise in Europe, part of the "VBD" group and is the main enterprise of the company, producing traditional and original dairy products of an extensive range of about 150 types under trademarks “House in the Village”, “Miracle”, “Jolly Milkman”, “Red Up”, etc.
CJSC Moscow Plant processed cheeses"Karat" is the largest company in Russia producing processed, hard and fresh cheeses, homemade cheese, and other types of dairy products, including cottage cheese, sour cream, and butter.
one of the most famous brands of the plant is processed cheese “Druzhba”
The Iceberry company is the Moscow market leader in the production and sale of ice cream and one of the largest ice cream producers in Russia. The Iceberry group of companies was created on the basis of the two oldest refrigeration plants in Moscow: Ice-Fili and Service Cold. Currently, the company also includes a production plant in the city of Vologda, the Iceberry trading house and the Iceberry retail chain.
Production of oil and fat products
OJSC "Moscow Fat Plant"
Flour milling industry
JSC "Flour Mill in Sokolniki"
OJSC Moscow Bread Products Plant is one of the largest flour milling enterprises in Russia. It is an industrial complex equipped with modern milling equipment. The Moscow Bakery Plant includes: two flour mills with a production capacity of 1000 tons of grain processing per day, five elevators with a total capacity of 180 thousand tons, auxiliary workshops, warehouses, its own technical service base, and an administrative building.
JSC "EXTRA-M" (produces pasta)
Bakery industry
There are several bakeries in Moscow, as well as
JSC EKBK Zvezdny
OJSC MBKK Kolomenskoye
CJSC "Russian Gingerbread"
OJSC "KBK "Cheryomushki"
I loved this cake very much as a child
CJSC "Ostankino Bagel Products Plant"
OJSC "KMKI "Dobryninsky" (produces cakes, including to order)
State Unitary Enterprise "Moscow Food Processing Plant "Kreker"
Confectionery industry
OJSC “Moscow Confectionery Factory “Red October” - the factory was founded in 1851.
In 2007, Red October moved from historical center to a new building located on the territory adjacent to another famous Moscow confectionery concern “Babaevsky”. Both enterprises are part of the United Confectioners holding.
The area of the new integrated production site is 48 thousand square meters. meters, it is one of the largest in Europe - its capacity is more than 120 thousand tons of confectionery products per year.
The United Confectioners holding includes another large Moscow confectionery enterprise, Rot Front OJSC.
OJSC "Udarnitsa" - produces marshmallows, marshmallows, and marmalade.
OJSC Krasnopresnensky Sugar Refinery
OJSC "Bolshevik" - produces cookies, waffles, pastries, and cakes. Including the famous “Jubilee” cookies in various versions.
OJSC "Russian Product" - the company produces a wide range of products: potato chips tea, food concentrates (including soups in bags are very good quality), pasta, coffee, as well as rolled oats, from which I cook porridge almost every day.
In Moscow, products are manufactured at the Moscow Experimental Plant "COLOSS". The plant's products: potato group (chips,) pasta, soups, corn flakes, jelly. The company also produces Bodrost tea.
In Moscow there is a unique enterprise, the Biryulevsky Experimental Plant of the Russian Agricultural Academy.
This is a state-owned enterprise that produces special-purpose products: food rations for astronauts, armed forces, emergency situations, rescue craft, burn patients, etc. In addition, the plant produces food concentrates and canned food for mass consumption and on special order.
The Moscow Tea Packing Factory is one of the oldest Russian tea companies.
The most famous brand is Indian tea “with an elephant”.
There is a wine, vodka and beer industry in Moscow, as well as the production of soft drinks. Anyone interested can check it out
From the food industry let's move on to Cosmetics and Perfumery.
In Moscow there are two large perfume and cosmetic concerns with a huge range of products - “New Dawn” and “Svoboda”.
OJSC “Novaya Zarya” is one of the oldest perfume factories in Russia, founded in 1884. Today it produces more than 1,000 types of perfumes, decorative cosmetics and care products. Since 2006, the network of branded stores has been actively developing; currently there are 38 stores in 31 cities of Russia.
OJSC Svoboda is a company with long traditions, founded in 1843. Today it is a modern cosmetic production. The company has its own research center with seven specialized laboratories. The company employs over 1,200 people. The range of products includes more than 250 items.
In addition to these two large concerns, there are more than a dozen medium-sized enterprises in Moscow that produce cosmetic products.
Pharmaceuticals
JSC "Moskhimfarmpreparaty" named after. N.A. Semashko" is the oldest Russian pharmaceutical company, a major manufacturer of pharmaceuticals in Russia.
The main activities of the Moskhimfarmpreparaty association include the production of tableted drugs, injectable drugs in ampoules and polyethylene bottles, drugs in hard gelatin capsules, etc.
The list of manufactured drugs is replenished annually with 15-20 items that were not previously produced medicines. To date, the produced nomenclature includes more than 150 items of various pharmacotherapeutic groups.
The number of employees is more than 1200 people. Industrial complex located on three sites in Moscow.
Light industry in Moscow it is represented by the production of knitwear, outerwear, footwear and leather goods.
Shoe production
The largest Moscow shoe manufacturer is the Paris Commune shoe factory. The industrial and trading shoe holding "Paris Commune" includes several areas of activity: production, commercial, engineering, property, investment, social development.
The group of enterprises employs about two thousand people, including 445 people working at the Paris Commune factory.
Shoes are also produced in Moscow:
Moscow shoe factory named after. Mukhanova - men's, women's and children's shoes.
Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Moscow Orthopedic Footwear Factory"
Sports footwear and clothing plant "Sport" (part of the EFSI group of companies) - produces sportswear and footwear for all types of sports and Everyday life under the EKSI`S trademark.
Grishko LLC produces pointe shoes, ballet shoes, shoes for sports dance, rhythmic gymnastics, stage ballet and theater costumes.
Leather goods
The largest manufacturer of leather goods is the Medvedkovo factory.
CJSC Medvedkovo is one of the leading Russian enterprises with the official status of “Leader of the Russian Economy”. Every year, the company introduces into mass production about 300 types of new models.
The factory has a network of branded stores in many cities of Russia.
Garment industry
JSC "Krasnaya Zarya" - the factory produces a huge range of knitted products, providing a full production cycle of work - from the idea to its implementation. The factory employs about 700 people. The assortment is updated quarterly by 25%.
Knitwear is also produced in Moscow by one of the oldest Russian enterprises in the knitting industry - Experimental Knitting Factory CJSC.
The company produces outerwear for women, men and youth.
CJSC "Gorizont" has been operating since 1854 and this moment is one of the largest Russian enterprises engaged in wool processing and production of woolen products. The company produces pillows, blankets, home textiles, felt hats, felt boots, felt products, and bath products.
Everything that Horizont JSC produces is made from environmentally friendly raw materials and has beneficial properties. The company has a network of branded stores “World of Wool”.
JSC "Bolshevichka" is the largest clothing industry in the center of Moscow with almost a century of history. Currently, Bolshevichka employs more than 800 people.
The Bolshevichki design department, together with Italian specialists, creates original collections of classic outerwear for men.
The company has its own retail network of stores, where a wide range of products is supported at a time - more than 5,000 suits.
Sewing association "Smena" - produces school uniform, casual and dressy children's clothing.
OJSC "Vympel" - founded in 1914, produces women's and men's coats, short coat, women's suits, skirts, trousers.
There are another two dozen sewing enterprises in Moscow with a range from workwear to clothing for children.
The Ogonyok plant was founded in 1963, designs and produces children's toys from plastic and plastisol. The plant produces more than 600 types of children's toys from environmentally friendly materials using advanced technologies and modern equipment. These are cars railways; construction sets, 200 types of dolls, houses and furniture sets for dolls, prefabricated replica models of tanks and ships, 120 types of plastisol toys, fascinating Board games: football, hockey, basketball, billiards, sea battle, rally, aquatrek, etc.
Moscow Jewelry Factory - for 90 years the factory has been offering customers a wide selection of jewelry various types and price groups. Today there are more than 15,000 models of jewelry made from high-quality gold and natural precious stones.
The company has its own network of retail stores in 70 cities of Russia.
The first Moscow watch factory "Polyot" - today the plant produces 250,000 mechanical watch and watch movements per year of the most varied designs - with a round, oval, rectangular dial, with a genuine leather strap or a metal bracelet. The company also accepts individual orders for the production of exclusive watches and watches with corporate symbols.
batch of watches " Russian time", released in 2010, for the anniversary of the plant.
more full list Moscow enterprises can be found
Most people love sweets and cannot imagine life without sweets. Thanks to this affection, not only chocolates and candies become famous, but also the factories that produce them. Today we will talk about confectionery factories Russia, whose products are loved by those with a sweet tooth.
Factory "Red October"
The hit parade of Russian confectionery factories is headed by the most famous factory in the industry - Red October. The company opened its doors in 1851, when Theodor von Einem founded a candy production workshop on the main street of Moscow. By 1867, the workshop had turned into the first steam-powered confectionery factory in Russia.
The company developed successfully until the October Revolution, when the Bolshevik government decided to nationalize the enterprise. The Red October plant, recreated on the basis of Einem's production, became the leading manufacturer in the USSR. IN Soviet years to this day, “Red October” is a manufacturer of such well-known brands as “Alenka”, “Mishka Kosolapy”, “Korovka”, “Kara-kum” and in terms of production volumes it is ahead of the largest confectionery factories in Russia.
Factory "Rot Front"
Many Russian confectionery factories were founded during Tsarist Russia. Among the oldest enterprises is the Rot Front factory. It grew out of a small handicraft workshop, which was created in 1826 by the Lenov merchants. In 1918, the enterprise was nationalized and renamed Rot Front. This strange name was chosen as a sign of solidarity with the German communists and is literally translated from German as “Red Front”.
During the Soviet years, the chocolate and candies produced at the enterprise were popular in the USSR. Not all well-known confectionery factories in Russia during the Soviet era could offer such a wide range of products as Rot Front - the enterprise produced almost two hundred different types sweets. The most modern confectionery equipment at that time was installed at the factory. In 1980, production of the first in the USSR was established here. chewing gum. The company is known for the brands "Grilyazh", "Rot Front" and the legendary "Bird's Milk". 
Concern "Babaevsky"
The rating of Russian confectionery factories would be incomplete without mentioning the Babaevsky concern, which turns 213 this year. The company was founded by former serf Stepan Abrikosov, who loved candy. It gained fame thanks to the children and grandchildren of the founder - they turned a small workshop into the largest plant in the Russian Empire. Few Russian candy factories at that time could compete with the Abrikosov and Sons Partnership. Factory products in late XIX century was delivered to the emperor's table.
The enterprise, like many Russian confectionery factories, acquired its modern name with the advent of Soviet power. Since the 1930s, the factory has received the title of the largest producer of caramel, Montpensier and toffee. Today, the Babaevsky concern is part of the largest confectionery holding in Russia, United Confectioners, replenishing its assortment with such famous brands, like "Petrel" and "Inspiration". 
Factory "Samara" (Nestle)
Among the most famous candy factories in Russia is the Samara factory, which has now left the trading arena. The company was founded at the very beginning of the 20th century by two Samara merchants Savinov and Kargin. By 1904, his products had gained European fame, winning the Grand Prix at an exhibition in France.
Under Soviet rule, the enterprise was renamed the Kuibyshev factory and was one of the best confectionery factories in Russia until the war. The factory is currently owned by Nestle. 
The largest confectionery enterprises in Russia trace their history back to pre-revolutionary times. Most of them managed to successfully survive the October Revolution, the collapse of the USSR and the “dashing” 90s. Now, new horizons are opening up for the best Russian manufacturers. And we really hope that they will take advantage of the emerging opportunities and stand on a par with such giants as Nestle, Ferrero and Mars.
One can only be amazed at the variety of sweets on store shelves today. And this product certainly sells very well. After all, most people love chocolates and sweets, especially children. Now in our country there are quite a few producers of sweets. Confectionery factories have been built in Russia in many cities. And, of course, the products of some of them are the most purchased and popular among the population.
The best manufacturers
- "Red October".
- "Mouth front".
- Concern "Babaevsky".
- "Samara".
- "Russian chocolate"
- "Yasnaya Polyana".
The products of confectionery factories existing in Russia, the list of which is presented above, are the most in demand among domestic consumers.
Factory "Red October": history
The founder of this country's most famous sweets manufacturer is Ferdinand Theodor von Einem. This German entrepreneur came to Moscow to start his own business in 1850. In 1957, Einem met his future companion in Russia, the talented businessman Yu. Geis. First, the partners founded a small confectionery store on Teatralnaya Square. Later they began construction of their own factory on the banks of the Moscow River.
The first three-story building was built by entrepreneurs on Then the businessmen built a larger factory on Bersenevskaya embankment. The company of Yu. Geis and Einem produced very high quality products. First of all, it was precisely because of this that it soon became extremely in demand among consumers.
For a long time, the Einem enterprise was considered the best confectionery factory in Russia. After October revolution it was nationalized and named “State Confectionery Factory No. 1.” In 1922, the plant was renamed “Red October”. But also for a long time the products produced at this enterprise bore the name “Former Einem”.
Today "Red October" is the largest confectionery factory in Russia, which has accumulated vast experience in the production of sweets. It supplies 64 thousand tons of products per year to the domestic and world markets. There are 2.9 thousand workers working in the factory’s workshops. The main plant is still located in the capital. The company also has several branches - in Kolomna, Ryazan, Yegoryevsk.
Currently, on the territory of this factory, among other things, there is a museum of its history. And any resident or guest of the capital can view its exhibitions at any time. Entrance to the museum of the Red October enterprise is free.
The factory's most popular products
Thus, it is “Red October” that is the most famous confectionery factory in Russia. Sweets from this manufacturer are actually extremely popular. The most best brands sweets from the Red October factory are as follows:
- "Kara-Kum".
- "Little Red Riding Hood".
- "Bear in the north".
- "Cancer necks."
- "Teddy Bear."
- "Alenka."
- "Tales of Pushkin."
- "Red October 80% cocoa."
- "Teddy Bear."
In addition to candies and chocolate, the Red October enterprise supplies the market, of course, with other confectionery products. Currently, this manufacturer produces more than three hundred types of sweet products.
History of the Rot Front enterprise
It rightfully occupies second place in the ranking of Russian confectionery factories. This enterprise was founded in our country even before the Einem plant - in 1826. Its first owners were Russian merchants, the Leonov brothers. Initially, the workshop they opened produced only fudge and caramel. This small enterprise was located in Zamoskvorechye.
The factory was expanded in 1890 by the heiress of its founders, E. Leonova. The owner of the workshop purchased several plots of land specifically for this purpose. The name of the factory in those days was simply “Confectionery Production”.
Like all other enterprises in the country, Leonova’s confectionery was nationalized in 1917. It was renamed Rot Front in 1931 as a sign of solidarity with the German communists. The reason was a visit to Moscow by a delegation from Germany this year.
Products of the Rot Front factory
Today this enterprise supplies the market with about 50 thousand tons of sweet products per year. In stores you can purchase more than two hundred items of products manufactured in the plant’s workshops. But the main share of this manufacturer’s products is still sweets.
The calling card of the Rot Front enterprise, which ranks second in the ranking of Russian confectionery factories, are the following brands:
- "Golden domes".
- "Autumn Waltz".
- "Sissy."
- "Lux Amaretto"
- "Grillage".
- “Forest true story”, etc.
In addition to high quality, the products of this manufacturer are also quite affordable in price. This is what makes it very popular among consumers.
Concern "Babaevsky"
This confectionery factory has been known in Russia for a very long time; its history goes back more than 210 years. Now it is the oldest manufacturer of confectionery products in our country.
The Babaevsky concern was created in Moscow in 1804. The founder of this enterprise was then former serf Stepan. The first confectionery products produced by this master were made using apricots. They were very popular among Muscovites. In honor of these inventors, his customers even came up with a surname - Abrikosov.
Gradually, Stepan’s workshop grew into a real factory, and for a long time it supplied sweets, including to the imperial court.
The Abrikosov factory was nationalized in 1918. Four years after this, it was given the name “Babaevskaya” (after the surname of the then head of the Sokolniki district executive committee).
Concern products
Currently, Babaevsky supplies more than 129 types of a wide variety of confectionery products to the domestic and world markets. The most popular brands of sweets from this manufacturer are the following:
- "Babaevskaya squirrel."
- Uganda.
- Venezuela.
- “Almond praline”, etc.
Factory "Samara"
The products of this manufacturer have been extremely popular in the country in the past. The Samara confectionery factory was founded in Russia by merchants Kargin and Savinov. In 1904, products from this manufacturer won the Grand Prix at an exhibition in France and gained worldwide fame.
Today, the Samara factory, unfortunately, has practically left the trading arena. IN Soviet times it was renamed the Kuibyshev Confectionery Plant. Later the factory was sold to Nestle.
Confectionery factory "Russian Chocolate"
This company was founded relatively recently. The Russian Chocolate factory produced its first products in 1998. Thanks to their excellent quality, sweets and chocolates of this brand quickly gained popularity among domestic consumers.
Now this confectionery factory in Russia occupies one of the leading places in the production of sweets. In 2007, the company became part of the United Confectioners holding. In 2012, this manufacturer began supplying FELICITA brand chocolate to the market.
Today, the Russian Chocolate factory sells its products not only in Russia, but also in countries near and far abroad. The most popular products of this brand among consumers are “Russian Chocolate”:
- "Elite bitter porous."
- "Milk with peanuts and hazelnuts."
- Felicita Moda di Vita and others.
History of the Yasnaya Polyana factory
This company was founded in Tula in 1973. Today, the staff of this large sweets manufacturer includes more than 800 specialists. The factory's product range is about 100 items.
The main feature of the products produced by the Yasnaya Polyana enterprise is the absence of preservatives. All products produced by this factory are made from environmentally friendly natural products. Today this plant is part of the Red October group of enterprises.
The most popular products from this famous confectionery factory in Russia are:
- sweets "Yasnaya Polyana";
- roasted roast “Eurydice”;
- soufflé “Sange”, etc.
Also, it is at this enterprise that the famous Tula gingerbread is produced. This type of regional pastry is popular not only among Russian consumers, but all over the world. The peculiarity of this baking is that, firstly, it does not go stale for a long time, and secondly, it does not break at a bend. Consumers also consider the filling of Tula gingerbread very tasty. It can be made from raspberries, prunes, cherries. The Yasnaya Polyana factory was even granted a patent for the production of the Tula Gingerbread sweet.
Instead of a conclusion
There are actually a huge number of manufacturers on the Russian market today. For example, products from the factories “Yuzhuralkonditer”, “Zeya”, “Takf”, etc. are in great demand among consumers. But the products of the enterprises described above are sold out in stores the fastest. The sweets of these six confectionery factories in Russia have earned the greatest trust from consumers, and they are rightfully included in the list of the best producers of sweets and chocolate in the country.
“Smirnovka” is still one of the most recognizable vodka brands today, but in Tsarist Russia Pyotr Arsenyevich Smirnov, who founded his distillery in 1862, was the real “vodka king”.
Consumers liked “N 21” table wine and “Nizhyn mountain ash” tincture most of all. These products helped the company acquire image rights State emblem and the title “Supplier of the Court of His Imperial Majesty and Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich.”
The tax that went to the treasury from Smirnov's enterprise was equal to half of the pre-war budget of the Russian army.
The cost of products produced per year reached 17-20 million rubles.
2. Einem
All hipsters in the capital know exactly what “Einem” is, for the reason that until 1922 “Einem” was the name of the “Red October” confectionery factory on Barsenevskaya Embankment.
The founder of the company, Theodor Ferdinand von Einem, opened a confectionery workshop on Arbat in 1851. Only four people worked there. Helped Einem’s “sweet business” rise Crimean War. He supplied his products there. This helped Einem expand production and move the workshop to the factory on Myasnitskaya.
The company produced about 20 types of products; “sweet baskets” for brides were especially popular. In 1913, the company received the title “Supplier to the Court of His Imperial Majesty.”
4. Russo-balt
Those who think that the auto industry has always been bad in Russia are mistaken. Before the revolution, everything was at the global level. Take the Russo-Balt car, first produced in 1909.
"Russo-Balts" were high-class cars. This is evidenced, for example, by victories at the St. Petersburg - Monaco race in 1912 and 1913, as well as the fact that Russo-Balt became the first car to conquer Vesuvius. In general, the car turned out to be one of the most reliable in the world.
6. Bure
“Bure” watches were synonymous with quality and clarity in pre-revolutionary Russia. Therefore, the Russian emperor himself presented them to distinguished officials, distinguished people and foreign diplomats.
The Bure company produced both exclusive products and watches for the mass consumer. Prices for watches started from just 2 rubles and reached several thousand. Russia was one of the first countries where watches became a publicly available product. After 1917 the company continued to operate in Switzerland under the Paul Buhre brand.
7. Faberge
In total, 71 Fabergé eggs are known, of which 52 are considered imperial. “Faberge Eggs” represent the luxury, brilliance and prestige of the Russian Empire. These jewelry were premium level gifts. Alexander III, who contributed to the popularity of the Faberge company, gave his wife an egg for Easter in 1887.
The fate of this gift is remarkable. In 1917, it was confiscated by the Bolsheviks, who sold it to the West.
In 1964 it was sold for next to nothing ($2,450) at a Parke Bernet auction. Where it is now is unknown. Its cost is approximately 20 million pounds.
8. Diederich brothers
The Diederich Brothers produced the best in Russian Empire XIX centuries of grand pianos and upright pianos. The history of the factory began in 1810. A little over 10 years later, the company put its products on display and announced its readiness to sell high-quality pianos that are not inferior to foreign ones at a price 3-8 times lower.
Diederichs developed rapidly, worked on product quality and expanded the line. At the World Industrial Exhibition in Paris in 1900, the factory’s tools were awarded the Grand Prix, and A.F. Diederichs - awarded the order.
By 1917, only 27 people worked at the factory, and due to the complete cessation of wholesale and retail trade, the cancellation of previously placed orders and the depletion of funds, the Diederichs Freres factory was closed on April 6, 1918.
9. Skorokhod
In pre-revolutionary Russia, everyone knew: the best shoes were “Skorokhods”.
The St. Petersburg Mechanical Shoe Manufacturing Partnership was founded on September 11, 1882. Two years later, she began producing the popular Reforma brand shoes - light summer shoes with low heels, embossed on the toe with a herringbone pattern. They were nicknamed “fast walkers.”
In 1896, at the Nizhny Novgorod Fair, the Partnership received the right to depict the State Emblem in its logo.
“Skorokhody”, of course, tried to fake it. They also fought against artisans using judicial methods.
The Partnership's shoes were repeatedly exhibited at international fairs - in Chicago (1893), Amsterdam (1894), Paris (1900). In the late 1890s, it was sold in Germany, competing with models from local manufacturers.
Only since 1910 the word “Skorokhod” appeared in the official name of the company, on the signs of the Partnership’s company stores, and on the soles of the shoes it produced in the form of a brand.
10. Dux
Previously, cars drove around Russia not only on gasoline and electricity, but also on steam. The first plant to produce a steam car was Dux. These cars enjoyed great confidence among Russians, as they were considered the safest.
The Dux racing model reached speeds of up to 140 km/h.
In addition to steam cars, which were also called “locomobiles,” the company produced bicycles, omnibuses, snowmobiles, and motorcycles.
In 1910, Dux entered the aeronautical market and began producing airplanes and airships. At the same time, the output of other products began to decline. In 1918, the plant was nationalized and renamed “State Aviation Plant No. 1”.
11. Polar
It was not only the capital's Skorokhod that shod Russia before the revolution. There was also the “Polyar”, which appeared in Kazan in 1916. Today this company is known as Spartak. This is how it was named in 1922.
The factory was opened by Kazan merchants and manufacturers Shabanov, Zobnin and Zhulin.
In Sukonnaya Sloboda on Armyanskaya Street (now Spartakovskaya Street) they bought a two-story stone warehouse. The factory equipment consisted of steam engine and machines for sewing shoe uppers, of which 2 types were produced. Leather processing was carried out in a tannery opened next to the factory.
Cutting, attaching soles and other operations were carried out manually.
12. Anatra
The Anatra aircraft plant was founded in 1913 by Artur Antonovich Anatra, a native Odessa resident, a millionaire and simply a talented entrepreneur.
Very quickly the plant became the third in the country in terms of production volume. During the period from 1914 to 1917, more than a thousand cars were built on it.
During the First World War, the aircraft plant was located 12 miles from the city. To deliver workers, for 1 million 300 thousand rubles, a railway line was specially built from Odessa to the A. Anatra Airplane Plant, two steam locomotives and several passenger cars were purchased.
In 1917, the two Anatra factories employed more than 330 employees and about 2,100 workers. The potential capacity of the plant as of the fall of 1917 was 80 aircraft per month, of which 60 were at the Odessa plant and 20 at the branch in Simferopol.
13. Zalesie
The Pereslavl weaving factory was founded by the merchant Phillip Ugrimov by Decree of the Manufactory Board in 1758. At that time, 100 weaving mills were installed there, which produced fine Dutch fabrics, teak, flaming and sailing fabrics.
In 1816, the factory came into the possession of the Moscow merchant Konstantin Alekseevich Kumanin, who from 1816 to 1847 significantly expanded the factory: 403 mills were already operating.
Production was constantly expanding, and the British were investing money in the business. In the 1890s, they worked at the Zalesye enterprises as craftsmen.
14. Ivan Durdin
The story of Ivan Durdin is the story of a dream. At the age of 20, a serf peasant from the village of Shestikhino, Myshkinsky district, Yaroslavl province, Ivan Alekseevich Durdin came to Moscow to work, three years later he bought out and got a job in the store of the Moscow Society of Brewers, then was appointed clerk at a brewery in the capital. In 1836, Durdin managed to buy out the factory where he worked.
Durdin began opening laboratories for the production of new types of beer, brand stores, and new breweries. All of Russia knew Durdin beer.
Emperor Alexander II himself highly valued Durdin's Porter, and in 1857 Durdin received a special privilege - the right to bottle the product with the image of the Russian double-headed eagle.
15. Havanera
Russian cigars - today this sounds a little strange, but before the revolution such a combination was in the order of things.
Havanera was considered the largest enterprise in the pre-revolutionary cigar segment. Its full name at that time was the Cigar and Tobacco Factory of the Belgian Anonymous Society "Gavanera".
The quality of the products from the Havanera factory was excellent. In 1908 she received the Great gold medal at an exhibition in Rostov-on-Don.
In 1910, "Havanera" was celebrated at the World Exhibition in Brussels, receiving its highest award - a Diploma of Honor, and in 1911 - at an industrial fair in Turin, where it also received a Diploma of Honor.
After the revolution, cigar production at the plant almost immediately ceased. At the former Gavaner factory, now the State Cigar Factory, pipe tobaccos “Pipe of Peace” and “Flotsky” began to be produced.