home Secrets of medicine Photos of soldiers who were wounded during the American Civil War (11 photos). A paratrooper who survived a fatal wound gained new abilities

Photos of soldiers who were wounded during the American Civil War (11 photos). A paratrooper who survived a fatal wound gained new abilities

In the first photo: Private Vasily Mikhailovich Arzamastsev, a soldier of the photo reconnaissance platoon of the 796th separate reconnaissance artillery battalion, feeds his pet, an owlet.

German air raid on Moscow on July 26, 1941. Thin traces are the work of air defense, a thick white line is German flares on parachutes to illuminate the area for delivering and correcting bomb attacks (due to the long shutter speed when photographing, the traces merged into one line). The picture shows the Moscow River, the Kremlin embankment, the Kremlin with the Vodovzvodnaya and Borovitskaya towers, and the Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge. 07/26/1941.

Soldiers from the Siberian regions of the USSR are traveling in a freight car (“tevlushka”) to defend Moscow. The soldier sitting in front plays the accordion. October 1941.

A German soldier crosses the street of a burning Soviet village near a 37-mm anti-tank gun PaK 35/36. The photograph was published on the cover of the American magazine Newsweek dated October 20, 1941.

A captured Red Army soldier captured by the Finns before interrogation. Time taken: 09/11/1941.

Soviet cavalry in a raid on the German rear. 1942.

Soviet cavalrymen in a saber attack. 1941
Photos from the war years

A column of Soviet prisoners of war passes by a prisoner of war collection point in the Kyiv area. In the foreground is a broken, burnt Soviet GAZ-AA truck. 1941.

Soldiers of the SS division "Reich" cross the road against the backdrop of a burning Soviet village. 1941.

A bullet-pierced party card (No. 2535823) of Soviet political instructor Andrei Andreevich Nikulin. A.A. Nikulin - born in 1911. A native of the Kustanai region of Kazakhstan. He served as political commissar of the machine gun company of the 316th Rifle Division (8th Guards) of the 16th Army of the Western Front. Political instructor Nikulin was killed in battle on October 23, 1941. He was buried in the Zvenigorod district of the Moscow region. 08.12.1941.

Three sailors walk along the Hermitage Bridge in Leningrad. 1941

German soldiers surrender to the Red Army during the Battle of Moscow. Winter 1941 - 1942 : State Zelenograd Museum of History and Local Lore.

Two Soviet snipers in camouflage suits walk through the snow near Leningrad. December 1942

Pilots of the 124th Air Defense Fighter Regiment on vacation. From left to right: Nikolai Alexandrov, flight commander junior lieutenant Mikhail Barsov, unknown senior lieutenant, Nikolai Tsisarenko. Volkhov Front. May 1942.

Pilots of the 145th Fighter Aviation Regiment, Captain Ivan Vasilyevich Bochkov, Captain Lavrushin and Major Pavel Stepanovich Kutakhov at the airfield. Karelian Front. : Archives of the Shonguiskaya Museum high school(Murmansk region). Shongui airfield, Murmansk region. Spring 1942

The legendary sniper of the 163rd Infantry Division, Senior Sergeant Semyon Danilovich Nomokonov (1900-1973), on vacation with his comrades. Northwestern Front. On the sniper's chest is the Order of Lenin, which he was awarded on June 22, 1942. During the war years, Semyon Nomokonov, an Evenk by nationality, a hereditary hunter, eliminated 367 enemy soldiers and officers, including one German major general. 1942.

Soviet machine gunners attack the enemy in the steppe near Stalingrad. 1942.

A soldier of the Großdeutschland (Grossdeutschland) division plays with the belt of an MG-34 machine gun with a grapnel in the fighting compartment of an Sd.Kfz armored personnel carrier. 250/1 Ausf. A near Voronezh. 07/16/1942

Red Army soldiers who captured the enemy's headquarters vehicle with valuable documents and took it to their unit's location. From left to right, guardsmen-reconnaissance: A. Sychev, A. Kamnev, T. Turenko and N. Anakhov. 1942

Residents besieged Leningrad They move the tram car away from the facade of the house destroyed by the bombing. 1942

Barrage balloons on Nevsky Prospect of besieged Leningrad.

War correspondents and cameramen of the Central Front in the courtyard of a village house. In the photo are E. Kopyt, M. Poselsky, V. Kinelovsky, A. Kazakov, N. Vikherev, K. Litko, G. Kapustyansky and others.

The crew of the Soviet armored car BA-10: senior sergeant E. Endrekson, sergeant V.P. Ershakov and the shepherd dog Dzhulbars. Southern front. Rostov-on-Don. 1943.

Location: Kuban village, Kursk region, 07/15/1943.

Commander of the 5th Attack Air Corps Hero Soviet Union Major General Nikolai Petrovich Kamanin (1909-1982) and pilot of the 423rd separate corps communications squadron, Corporal A.N. Kamanin in the cockpit of a U-2 aircraft. Arkady Nikolaevich Kamanin (1928-1947). The youngest pilot of World War II, son of N.P. Kamanin. In 1941 he worked as a mechanic at an aircraft plant in Moscow. In 1943 he came to the Kalinin Front to visit his father, the commander of the 5th ShAK. He achieved enrollment in the ranks of the Red Army. He served as a special equipment mechanic for the 423rd OKAES, then as a flight mechanic and navigator-observer. He mastered the controls of the aircraft and in July 1943 (at the age of 14) was allowed to fly independently on the U-2. By the end of April 1945, he made more than 650 missions to communicate with corps units. Awarded the Order of the Red Banner, two Orders of the Red Star, medals “For the capture of Vienna”, “For the capture of Budapest”, “For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War” Patriotic War 1941-1945.” 1943

Soldiers of the Soviet 1001st rifle regiment The 279th Infantry Division is fighting in the area of the Seversky Donets River. 1943.

Fire from a 122-mm hull cannon of the 1931/37 model (A-19) is carried out by the artillery crew of D.S. Polovenko. 3rd Belorussian Front. On the 25-kg high-explosive fragmentation shells there are inscriptions “For Hitler”, “For Chernyakhovsky” - in memory of the front commander, Army General I.D., who died the day before. Chernyakhovsky. The general was mortally wounded by a shell fragment and died on February 18, 1945.

Soviet infantry, supported by a T-34 tank, is fighting in a Ukrainian village. Summer 1943.

Twice Hero of the Soviet Union Major A.V. Alelyukhin (1920-1990) on a La-7 fighter, donated to him by Trust No. 41 of the NKAP (People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry). On the hood is the pilot's personal emblem - a heart pierced by an arrow. One of the most famous Soviet ace pilots.

Military doctors save the lives of wounded American soldiers in Afghanistan.

As US troops try to take control of the situation in Kandahar and Helmand, the number of dead soldiers has increased significantly over the past week. Medical assistance is required for the wounded, both American and Afghan troops. June was the bloodiest month, with international troops losing 103 people, including 60 Americans. By mid-July, NATO troops had lost 57 people, 42 of them Americans.

As soon as hostilities began, medical teams, along with the hospital, which was located in Afghanistan, moved to the NATO base.

(Total 40 photos)

1. American soldiers They help an Afghan casualty get to a medical team helicopter on June 21, 2010, in Kandahar. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

2. American army soldiers carry a wounded man on a stretcher to. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

3. Military doctor Captain John Woods, sitting in a helicopter, squeezes an IV. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

4. American soldiers on a stretcher carry a wounded Afghan soldier to a helicopter. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

5. After four Afghan National Army soldiers are injured in an explosion, a US military medical team provides first aid to one of them aboard a helicopter. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

6. One of the wounded soldiers looks at his bloody hand. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

7. One of the wounded Afghan National Army soldiers is escorted to a medical team helicopter. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

8. A military helicopter of a medical team took off to an urgent call from a landing site in Kandahar. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

9. One of the soldiers is hiding from the sand that rose during the takeoff of a medical helicopter with wounded on board. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

11. American soldiers on a stretcher carry a wounded Afghan to a helicopter, which is already waiting. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

12. On board a helicopter, military doctors provide first aid to a wounded man. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

13. Sergeant Jonathan Duralde (right) and Sergeant Luis Gamarra hold each other's hands and try to fight the pain caused by their injuries from the explosion. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

14. Sergeant Cole Rees wipes sweat from his brow after administering first aid to Sergeant Jonathan Duralda, who was wounded in an explosion. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

15. Sergeant Chad Orozco had a free minute to rest after they flew a wounded man to the hospital by helicopter. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

16. One of the orderlies washes the floor of blood and medications in the operating room. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

17. After surgery was performed on one of the seriously wounded soldiers at the hospital, Canadian Army Captain Mikila Klepacz (left) and US Army doctor Roger Nottingham clean up the operating room. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

18. Canadian Forces Captain David Coker examines a soldier seriously wounded in an explosion. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

19. US Navy Commander Joseph Strauss (left) and Major Anton Lekap perform surgery on the leg of an Afghan who was injured in a car accident. Two hospitals in the provincial capital of Lashkar Ghar and in the city of Kandahar are receiving patients from areas where there is the most intense shooting. However, movement within war zones is highly dangerous, making it difficult for the sick and wounded to access the treatment they need. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

20. US Navy Commander Joseph Strauss (left) and Major Anton Lekap perform surgery on the leg of an Afghan who was injured in a car accident. The Red Cross calls on the armed opposition, the Afghan National Army, the police and international military forces to take all measures to combat operations did not interfere with civilians' access to medical care. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

21. US Navy Captain Anne Lear (left) helps Sergeant James Shields, who showed signs of heatstroke after taking a wounded man to the hospital. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

22. Hospital doctor David Cobery sleeps right at his workplace during breaks between operations. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

23. Navy Lieutenant Tom Tse looks behind the curtain of the operating room, where surgeons are treating a seriously wounded soldier. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

24. Dutch Army Corporal Anita Van Grestein observes the operation. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

25. Canadian Army Captain Mikila Klepac stands next to a board showing the names of two soldiers who were injured and taken to hospital after the explosion. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

26. US Navy Lieutenant Stacy Sirstad on a gurney carries an Afghan man injured in an explosion. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

27. Officer Patrick Guillard (left) and Officer Sharni Anderson (center) look outside the emergency room door, waiting for new patients. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

28. Canadian Army Captain Mikila Klepac awaits the arrival of new patients. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

29. One of the military doctors stands in a pool of blood formed during the operation. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

30. Military doctors Lieutenant Thomas Tse (left) and Shane Bowen study the list of hospital patients. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

31. US Navy Commander Kevin Beasley rushes with the necessary medications to the operating room where his team is performing an operation. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

32. US Navy Lt. Rodolfo Madrid rushes to receive a patient who was maimed in the explosion (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

33. Canadian Army Lieutenant Katie Campbell (right) and Captain Mikila Klepac rush to clear the operating room of blood and remaining medications. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

34. Officer Nicholas Roman (left) helps Sergeant Michael Cox, who was wounded during the fight, out of his car. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

35. Officer Corianne Manwaring observes a wounded soldier who has just been brought into the operating room. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

36. Doctors and nurses are preparing a patient for surgery. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

39. Captain Anne Lear (center), the head nurse of the hospital, supports one of the wounded soldiers who has just been brought to the hospital. (Photo by Chris Hondros/Getty Images)

40. Medics surrounded the wounded man, who had just been taken to the hospital. (Photo by Chris Hondros/Getty Images)

This is what people who were in one of the bloodiest wars of the 19th century looked like. In four years Civil War in the United States, from 1861 to 1865, 700 thousand military personnel and 50 thousand civilians died. More than 400 thousand soldiers were wounded. When the war ended, an archive of photographs of wounded northerners was compiled (most of them were taken in 1865). Later, anamnesis was added to the photographs.
Private Ludwig Kohn, 26 years old

He was wounded in the chest at the Battle of Gettysburg on July 1, 1863, the bloodiest battle of the Civil War that ended in a Northern victory. Soon after the wound, Ludwig Kohn began to develop gangrene and began to deteriorate soft fabrics, he coughed up blood and could not lie on his back - Kon even spent his nights sitting. He fully recovered only two years later.
Private James Stokes, 20

Wounded in the elbow March 29, 1865 at Gravelly Run, Virginia, two days before major battle which ended in victory for the northerners. In the hospital, Stokes developed gangrene, but with the help of kerosene and turpentine, its development was stopped. The patient was discharged on July 5, 1865, the elbow joint remained completely motionless.
Sergeant L. Morell, 19 years old

Wounded three times at the Battle of Gettysburg on July 1, 1863. The first bullet hit the left eye, the second almost simultaneously passed right through the right side of the abdomen. The sergeant lost consciousness, after which a third bullet wounded him in the left thigh. Morell lay on the battlefield for three days until he was discovered and moved to a nearby farm. When the southern surgeon treated the second wound and gave him some thin porridge to drink, some of it poured out through the hole in his stomach. It was not until February 1864 that Morell recovered enough to get out of bed; full recovery took two years.
Brigadier General Henry Barnum, 28

Wounded in left side pelvis on July 1, 1862 at the Battle of Malvern Hill in Virginia (it ended the so-called Seven Days Battle - a major and successful operation of the southerners). It took more than a year to recover.
Private Edward Estell, 42

Wounded April 2, 1865, at the end of the siege of Petersburg, Virginia, which lasted almost a year. As a result of the injury it was necessary to amputate left hand.
Private Samuel Tinecker, age unknown

Wounded May 6, 1864 during the Battle of the Wilderness, northwest Virginia. There was no winner in the battle, but for the first time in the entire war, the Northern army was not forced to retreat from Virginia. The musket ball that wounded Tinecker passed through the right shoulder. Six months later, he finally recovered and was demobilized.
Corporal Edson Beamis, age unknown

Wounded three times. The first time a bullet shattered the bone just above the elbow was at the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862. The second time, during the Battle of the Wilderness on May 6, 1864, Beamis was wounded in the right iliac region (lower abdomen). Eight months later he was back in action and almost immediately, on February 5, 1865, he was wounded in the head during the Battle of Hatcher's Run.
Sergeant Martin Restle, age unknown

German immigrant, shoemaker. Wounded in the left leg by a bullet on April 2, 1865, at the end of the Siege of Petersburg, Virginia. The leg was amputated right on the battlefield.
Private Peter Strine, 21

Wounded March 25, 1865 at the Battle of Fort Steadman in Virginia. A rifle bullet pierced the head of the humerus.
Private Joseph Harvey, age unknown

The courage and fearlessness of warriors shown in battles have been praised in every era. Those who showed these qualities were awarded orders, which testified to the self-sacrifice they demonstrated. One of the distinctive signs was stripes for wounds.

History of appearance

It should be noted that in the Russian Empire one of the first among other states new history wound signs appeared for soldiers and officers of this format. Their issuance was established in 1906. At that time, wounded and shell-shocked participants in the war with Japan were given medals with a ribbon and a bow.

World War I

The last Russian Tsar decided to reward those wounded during the fighting of the First World War. The issuance procedures and all related rules were approved in the order of 1916. It became impossible to maintain the design of the previous decals. And this time Russian empire provided galloon and basson strips. The lower ranks received such stripes in red, and officers - in gold and silver. They were placed on the left sleeve.

Wearing rules

All those who were wounded in the war wore them on every type of their uniform - on a tunic, uniform, shirt and overcoat. The issue was based on the number of wounds. Moreover, if a wounded soldier became an officer, he wore stripes for wounds in red, soldier's color, for wounds received before receiving the rank. Patches were always attached horizontally. Injuries that preceded this war were also marked with this sign. It was mandatory for officers to wear them in a contrasting color: for gold shoulder straps - silver stripes, and for silver ones - gold. While for all soldiers the chronology of injuries was not taken into account, and all stripes were red.

These signs were worn only in active units. In the rear they were under strict ban with the exception of the military, who had at least three stripes. With the end of hostilities, all military personnel were given the right to wear these signs at any time.

During the bloody war between the whites and reds, special stripes existed for both sides of the fighting. The Red Army soldiers used rectangles of silver tinsel.

The Great Patriotic War

Patches for wounds from the Second World War have become legendary. They were introduced into use only a year after the start of hostilities - in 1942. By that time, the obviousness of their need had increased to the limit. And the resolution of the Defense Committee introduced special badges. They were issued to all military personnel who were injured during battles with the enemy, or to injured soldiers who were at their combat posts at that time.

All fighters with stripes for wounds were very respected. The situation became tense because orders and medals took a very long time to prepare for issuance to the fighter. Documents on awards were reviewed for a long time - sometimes months. While the life of each fighter constantly hung in the balance. At any moment in every battle, everything ended in a funeral or hospital for many Red Army soldiers.

After the hospitals, it was almost impossible to be back in the unit with comrades. This distinguished the Soviet system from the German one. The situation was simpler for officers and pilots. And for a soldier from the infantry troops, the path to his former colleagues lay through the regimental or divisional medical battalion. This is after receiving minor injuries.

From a front-line hospital or from a rear hospital, one could forget about returning to brothers in arms. The soldiers were sent to convalescents, and then the thinned units were replenished with them. Because of this system, many of the rightful accolades from the state were lost to the fighters who deserved them.

Some of the veterans received their orders and medals 15 years after the victory.

This was the advantage of stripes for WWII wounds, that they were received in a simplified manner. A certificate and a note in the Red Army soldier’s book was enough. Every fighter carried one of these with him. When injured, everyone sewed on their own braid. Although shell-shocked people were not given decals. However, according to rumors, it was allowed to sew on purple or dark chevrons to those who had suffered shell shock.

Naval insignia

Certain liberties existed in the navy of those times. Wound badges for sailors were placed on the sleeves of uniforms. Nevertheless, many sailors sewed them, as in the army, on the chest on the right side. Naval insignia were placed according to the chronology of injuries received, rather than the priority of gold-colored stripes. This was typical for both privates and officers.

Deprivation

Once issued, the decals were not torn off when they were sent to penal battalions. At the same time, awards were torn down and titles were taken away. This always happened by order of the commanders; no decrees were issued about this. The galloon strips were sewn tightly; they were torn off only, as they say, “with meat.”

With the outbreak of hostilities, the presence of wound badges was recognized as an acceptable insignia. And closer to the end of the Great Patriotic War, it was considered an exceptional phenomenon in the army when a wounded man, especially many times, did not have government awards. This was the commander's oversight.

There was a lot of brilliant stuff among the staff members both in the rear, and there weren’t enough stripes on the front lines. And yet, some of the fighters went without shiny orders. A yellow or red stripe was clear evidence that the fighter did not walk in the rear, but was a real veteran who had smelled gunpowder and shed blood for his Fatherland.

Appearance

The patches were rectangular, reaching 43 mm in length and 6 mm in width. They were silk, red for light wounds, and yellow for severe wounds. The number of stripes showed the number of injuries received.

Injuries of mild severity were considered to be injuries in soft tissues when vital organs, bones, joints, and largest blood vessels were not affected. These also included 2nd and 1st degree burns.

Severe injuries were defined as injuries involving damage to a bone, joint, vital organ, or large blood vessel. These were any injuries that were life-threatening. These included serious through wounds, frostbite, and 3rd and 4th degree burns.

Treatment of all injuries of the Red Army soldier was confirmed by the provision of relevant documents. They were issued in hospitals and similar organizations during the war. The commanders of the Red Army were required to make a mark on their personal identification cards, certified by the signatures of their superiors.

For ordinary soldiers, a similar note was included in the Red Army book. The signature of the chief of staff was required.

The stripes were attached to right side tunic next to the middle buttons. Or over the chest pocket. In the post-war era, they were attached to any uniform on the right side of the chest 1 cm above orders and medals.

Appearance in the fleet

In the Red Army Fleet, these distinctive signs were rectangular in shape and made of silk fabrics. They were sewn in a horizontal direction. The width reached 5 mm, and the length - 43 mm. Golden stripes indicated severe injuries affecting vital organs, burns and frostbite of the 3rd and 4th degrees, and penetrating wounds. The burgundy rectangles are light. There were small gaps of 3 mm between the stripes.

Conclusion

The fighters, and later veterans, were proud of the traumas they had once experienced, because they contained many memories of difficult but glorious moments of battle. They were reminded of the trials they went through to save their country and their loved ones. They reminded us of those comrade-colleagues who did not return from the fiercest battlefields.

With the end of the battle, the enemy troops were destroyed with great effort. But such special stripes on uniforms remained a reminder of immortal feat millions of citizens of the Soviet state. Therefore, these rectangles are considered valuable to this day, almost a century after the beginning of the war years.

It must be emphasized that only in 1985, on the fortieth anniversary of the Victory, all participants in the hostilities were given orders in memory of the Patriotic War. All wounded and shell-shocked veterans were awarded 1st degree orders.

During the four years of the American Civil War, from 1861 to 1865, 700 thousand military personnel and 50 thousand civilians died. More than 400 thousand soldiers were wounded. When the war ended, an archive of photographs of wounded northerners was compiled (most of them were taken in 1865). Later, anamnesis was added to the photographs.

Private Ludwig Kohn, 26 years old

He was wounded in the chest at the Battle of Gettysburg on July 1, 1863, the bloodiest battle of the Civil War that ended in a Northern victory. Soon after the wound, Ludwig Kohn began to develop gangrene, soft tissues began to deteriorate, he coughed up blood and could not lie on his back - Kohn even spent the nights sitting. He fully recovered only two years later.

Private James Stokes, 20

Wounded in the elbow on March 29, 1865, at Gravelly Run, Virginia, two days before the major battle that ended in Northern victory. In the hospital, Stokes developed gangrene, but with the help of kerosene and turpentine, its development was stopped. The patient was discharged on July 5, 1865, the elbow joint remained completely motionless.

Sergeant L. Morell, 19 years old

Brigadier General Henry Barnum, 28

He was wounded in the left side of the pelvis on July 1, 1862 at the Battle of Malvern Hill in Virginia (it ended the so-called Seven Days Battle - a major and successful operation of the southerners). It took more than a year to recover.

Private Edward Estell, 42

Wounded April 2, 1865, at the end of the siege of Petersburg, Virginia, which lasted almost a year. As a result of the injury, his left arm had to be amputated.

Private Samuel Tinecker, age unknown

Corporal Edson Beamis, age unknown

Sergeant Martin Restle, age unknown

German immigrant, shoemaker. Wounded in the left leg by a bullet on April 2, 1865, at the end of the Siege of Petersburg, Virginia. The leg was amputated right on the battlefield.

Private Peter Strine, 21

Wounded March 25, 1865 at the Battle of Fort Steadman in Virginia. A rifle bullet pierced the head of the humerus.

Private Joseph Harvey, age unknown

Wounded by a shell fragment on May 3, 1863, during the Battle of Chancellorsville, which lasted a week and ended in a Southern victory. The shrapnel knocked out Harvey's eye, split his cheek and shattered his lower jaw. The picture was taken in the summer of 1865, when the cheek had not yet completely healed - saliva was constantly flowing from it.

Private John Bowers, 19

Wounded by rifle fire March 25, 1865, during a skirmish at the siege of Petersburg, Virginia. The bullet entered the side through the ninth rib and exited through the sixth rib from the chest.

Prepared by Dmitry Golubovsky
Sources: arzamas; Digital Collections. U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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