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There are very simple experiments that children remember for the rest of their lives. The guys may not fully understand why this is all happening, but when time will pass and they find themselves in a physics or chemistry lesson, a very clear example will certainly emerge in their memory.

website I collected 7 interesting experiments that children will remember. Everything you need for these experiments is at your fingertips.

Fireproof ball

Will need: 2 balls, candle, matches, water.

Experience: Inflate a balloon and hold it over a lit candle to demonstrate to children that the fire will make the balloon burst. Then pour plain tap water into the second ball, tie it and bring it to the candle again. It turns out that with water the ball can easily withstand the flame of a candle.

Explanation: The water in the ball absorbs the heat generated by the candle. Therefore, the ball itself will not burn and, therefore, will not burst.

Pencils

You will need: plastic bag, simple pencils, water.

Experience: Fill the plastic bag halfway with water. Use a pencil to pierce the bag right through where it is filled with water.

Explanation: If you pierce a plastic bag and then pour water into it, it will pour out through the holes. But if you first fill the bag halfway with water and then pierce it sharp object so that the object remains stuck in the bag, then almost no water will flow out through these holes. This is due to the fact that when polyethylene breaks, its molecules are attracted closer to each other. In our case, the polyethylene is tightened around the pencils.

Unbreakable balloon

You will need: balloon, a wooden skewer and some dishwashing liquid.

Experience: Coat the top and bottom with the product and pierce the ball, starting from the bottom.

Explanation: The secret of this trick is simple. In order to preserve the ball, you need to pierce it at the points of least tension, and they are located at the bottom and at the top of the ball.

Cauliflower

Will need: 4 cups of water, food coloring, cabbage leaves or white flowers.

Experience: Add any color of food coloring to each glass and place one leaf or flower in the water. Leave them overnight. In the morning you will see that they have turned different colors.

Explanation: Plants absorb water and thereby nourish their flowers and leaves. This happens due to the capillary effect, in which water itself tends to fill the thin tubes inside the plants. This is how flowers, grass, and big trees. By sucking in tinted water, they change color.

floating egg

Will need: 2 eggs, 2 glasses of water, salt.

Experience: Carefully place the egg in a glass with a simple clean water. As expected, it will sink to the bottom (if not, the egg may be rotten and should not be returned to the refrigerator). Pour into the second glass warm water and stir 4-5 tablespoons of salt in it. For the purity of the experiment, you can wait until the water cools down. Then place the second egg in the water. It will float near the surface.

Explanation: It's all about density. The average density of an egg is much greater than that of plain water, so the egg sinks down. A density saline solution higher, and therefore the egg rises upward.

Crystal lollipops

Will need: 2 cups of water, 5 cups of sugar, wooden sticks for mini kebabs, thick paper, transparent glasses, saucepan, food coloring.

Experience: Boil in a quarter glass of water sugar syrup with a couple of tablespoons of sugar. Sprinkle some sugar onto the paper. Then you need to dip the stick in the syrup and collect the sugar with it. Next, distribute them evenly on the stick.

Leave the sticks to dry overnight. In the morning, dissolve 5 cups of sugar in 2 glasses of water over a fire. You can leave the syrup to cool for 15 minutes, but it should not cool too much, otherwise the crystals will not grow. Then pour it into jars and add different food colorings. Place the prepared sticks in a jar of syrup so that they do not touch the walls and bottom of the jar; a clothespin will help with this.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of sugar decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your stick seeded with sugar grains.

Lighted match

Will be needed: Matches, flashlight.

Experience: Light a match and hold it at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from the wall. Shine a flashlight on the match and you will see that only your hand and the match itself are reflected on the wall. It would seem obvious, but I never thought about it.

Explanation: Fire does not cast shadows because it does not prevent light from passing through it.

Who loved at school laboratory works in chemistry? It was interesting, after all, to mix something with something and get a new substance. True, it didn’t always work out as described in the textbook, but no one suffered because of this, right? The main thing is that something happens, and we see it right in front of us.

If in real life If you are not a chemist and do not encounter much more complex experiments every day at work, then these experiments, which can be done at home, will definitely amuse you, at least.

Lava lamp

For the experience you need:
— Transparent bottle or vase
— Water
- Sunflower oil
- Food coloring
— Several effervescent tablets “Suprastin”

Mix water with food coloring and add sunflower oil. There is no need to stir, and you won’t be able to. When a clear line between water and oil is visible, throw a couple of Suprastin tablets into the container. We look at the lava flows.

Since the density of oil is lower than that of water, it remains on the surface, with the effervescent tablet creating bubbles that carry water to the surface.

Elephant toothpaste

For the experience you need:
- Bottle
— Small cup
— Water
— Dish detergent or liquid soap
- Hydrogen peroxide
— Fast-acting nutritional yeast
- Food coloring

Mix liquid soap, hydrogen peroxide and food coloring in a bottle. In a separate cup, dilute the yeast with water and pour the resulting mixture into the bottle. We look at the eruption.

Yeast produces oxygen, which reacts with hydrogen and is pushed out. Because of soap suds the result is a dense mass erupting from the bottle.

Hot Ice

For the experience you need:
— Capacity for heating
— Transparent glass cup
- Plate
– 200 g baking soda
— 200 ml of acetic acid or 150 ml of its concentrate
— Crystallized salt

Mix acetic acid and baking soda in a saucepan and wait until the mixture stops sizzling. Turn on the stove and evaporate excess moisture until an oily film appears on the surface. Pour the resulting solution into a clean container and cool until room temperature. Then add a crystal of soda and watch how the water “freezes” and the container becomes hot.

Heated and mixed, vinegar and soda form sodium acetate, which when melted becomes an aqueous solution of sodium acetate. When salt is added to it, it begins to crystallize and generate heat.

Rainbow in milk

For the experience you need:
- Milk
- Plate
— Liquid food coloring in several colors
— Cotton swab
— Detergent

Pour milk into a plate, drip dyes in several places. Soak a cotton swab in detergent and place it in a plate with milk. Let's look at the rainbow.

The liquid part contains a suspension of fat droplets, which, in contact with the detergent, split and rush from the inserted stick in all directions. A regular circle is formed due to surface tension.

Smoke without fire

For the experience you need:
— Hydroperite
— Analgin
— Mortar and pestle (can be replaced with a ceramic cup and spoon)

It is better to do the experiment in a well-ventilated area.
Grind the hydroperite tablets to powder, do the same with analgin. Mix the resulting powders, wait a little, see what happens.

During the reaction, hydrogen sulfide, water and oxygen are formed. This leads to partial hydrolysis with the elimination of methylamine, which interacts with hydrogen sulfide, the suspension of its small crystals resembling smoke.

Pharaoh snake

For the experience you need:
- Calcium gluconate
- Dry fuel
— Matches or lighter

Place several tablets of calcium gluconate on dry fuel and set it on fire. We look at the snakes.

Calcium gluconate decomposes when heated, which leads to an increase in the volume of the mixture.

Non-Newtonian fluid

For the experience you need:

— Mixing bowl
— 200 g corn starch
- 400 ml water

Gradually add water to the starch and stir. Try to make the mixture homogeneous. Now try to roll a ball from the resulting mass and hold it.

The so-called non-Newtonian fluid behaves like a solid when interacting quickly, and like a liquid when interacting slowly.

Evening of entertaining chemistry

When preparing a chemistry evening, careful preparation of the teacher for conducting experiments is required.

The evening should be preceded by long, thorough work with students, and one student should not be assigned more than two experiments.

The purpose of the chemistry evening– repeat acquired knowledge, deepen students’ interest in chemistry and instill in them practical skills in developing and implementing experiments.

Description of the main stages of an evening of entertaining chemistry

I. Introductory speech by the teacher on the topic “The role of chemistry in the life of society.”

II. Entertaining experiments in chemistry.

Presenter (the role of the presenter is played by one of the 10-11th grade students):

Today we are having an evening of entertaining chemistry. Your task is to carefully monitor chemical experiments and try to explain them. And so, we begin! Experiment No. 1: “Volcano”.

Experiment No. 1. Description:

A participant in the evening pours powdered ammonium dichromate (in the form of a slide) onto an asbestos mesh, onto top part Gorki puts a few heads of matches and lights them with a splinter.

Note: the volcano will look even more impressive if you add a little powdered magnesium to the ammonium dichromate. Mix the components of the mixture immediately, because magnesium burns energetically and, being in one place, causes the scattering of hot particles.

The essence of the experiment is the exothermic decomposition of ammonium dichromate upon local heating.

There is no smoke without fire - says an old Russian proverb. It turns out that with the help of chemistry you can create smoke without fire. And so, attention!

Experiment No. 2. Description:

The participant of the evening takes two glass rods, on which a little cotton wool is wound, and moistens them: one in concentrated nitric (or hydrochloric) acid, the other in an aqueous 25% ammonia solution. The sticks should be brought close to each other. White smoke rises from the sticks.

The essence of the experiment is the formation of ammonium nitrate (chloride).

And now we present to you the following experiment – ​​“Shooting paper”.

Experiment No. 3. Description:

The party participant takes out pieces of paper on a sheet of plywood and touches them with a glass rod. When you touch each leaf, a shot is heard.

Note: narrow strips of filter paper are cut in advance and moistened in an iodine solution in ammonia. After this, the strips are laid out on a sheet of plywood and left to dry until the evening. The stronger the shot is, the better the paper is soaked in the solution and the more concentrated the nitrogen iodide solution is.

The essence of the experiment is the exothermic decomposition of the fragile compound NI3*NH3.

I have an egg. Which one of you guys can peel it without breaking the shell?

Experiment No. 4. Description:

The party participant places the egg in a crystallizer with a solution of hydrochloric (or acetic) acid. After some time, he pulls out an egg covered only with the shell membrane.

The essence of the experiment is that the shell mainly contains calcium carbonate. In hydrochloric (acetic) acid it turns into soluble calcium chloride (calcium acetate).

Guys, I have in my hands a figurine of a man made of zinc. Let's dress him up.

Experiment No. 5. Description:

The participant of the evening lowers the figurine into a 10% solution of lead acetate. The figurine is covered with a fluffy layer of lead crystals, reminiscent of fur clothing.

The essence of the experiment is that a more active metal squeezes out a less active metal from salt solutions.

Guys, is it possible to burn sugar without the help of fire? Let's check!

Experiment No. 6. Description:

The participant of the evening pours into a glass placed on a saucer, powdered sugar(30 g), pour in 26 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid and stir the mixture with a glass rod. After 1-1.5 minutes, the mixture in the glass darkens, swells and rises above the edges of the glass in the form of a loose mass.

The essence of the experiment is that sulfuric acid removes water from sugar molecules, oxidizes carbon into carbon dioxide, and at the same time sulfur dioxide is formed. The released gases push the mass out of the glass.

What methods of making fire do you know?

Examples are given from the audience.

Let's try to do without these funds.

Experiment No. 7. Description:

A participant in the evening sprinkles powdered potassium permanganate (6 g) onto a piece of tin (or tile) and drops glycerin onto it from a pipette. After some time, fire appears.

The essence of the experiment is that as a result of the reaction, atomic oxygen is released and glycerin ignites.

Another participant of the evening:

I will also get fire without matches, just in a different way.

Experiment No. 8. Description:

The party participant sprinkles a small amount of potassium permanganate crystals on the brick and drops concentrated sulfuric acid onto it. Around this mixture he places thin wood chips in the form of a fire, but so that they do not touch the mixture. Then he moistens a small piece of cotton wool with alcohol and, holding his hand over the fire, squeezes out a few drops of alcohol from the cotton wool so that they fall on the mixture. The fire instantly lights up.

The essence of the experiment is that the alcohol is vigorously oxidized with oxygen, which is released during the interaction of sulfuric acid with potassium permanganate. The heat released during this reaction ignites the fire.

Now for the amazing lights!

Experiment No. 9. Description:

The party participant places cotton swabs soaked in ethyl alcohol into porcelain cups. He sprinkles the following salts on the surface of the tampons: sodium chloride, strontium nitrate (or lithium nitrate), potassium chloride, barium nitrate (or boric acid). On a piece of glass, the participant prepares a mixture (gruel) of potassium permanganate and concentrated sulfuric acid. He takes a little of this mass with a glass rod and touches the surface of the tampons. Tampons flare up and burn different colors: yellow, red, purple, green.

The essence of the experiment is that ions of alkali and alkaline earth metals color the flame in different colors.

Dear guys, I am so tired and hungry that I ask you to allow me to eat a little.

Experiment No. 10. Description:

The host addresses the evening participant:

Give me tea and crackers, please.

The participant in the evening gives the presenter a glass of tea and white crackers.

The presenter wets the cracker in tea - the cracker turns blue.

Leading :

It's a disgrace, you almost poisoned me!

Participant of the evening:

Forgive me, I probably got the glasses mixed up.

The essence of the experiment is that there was an iodine solution in the glass. The starch in the bread has turned blue.

Guys, I received a letter, but the envelope contained a blank sheet of paper. Who can help me find out what's going on here?

Experiment No. 11. Description:

A student from the audience (prepared in advance) touches a smoldering splinter to a pencil mark on a sheet of paper. The paper slowly burns along the line of the drawing and the light, moving along the contour of the image, outlines it (the drawing can be arbitrary).

The essence of the experiment is that the paper burns due to the oxygen of saltpeter crystallized in its thickness.

Note: a drawing is applied to a sheet of paper in advance with a strong solution of potassium nitrate. It must be applied in one continuous line without intersections. From the outline of the drawing, use the same solution to draw a line to the edge of the paper, marking its end with a pencil. When the paper dries, the design will become invisible.

Well, now, guys, let's move on to the second part of our evening. Chemistry games!

III. Team games.

Participants of the evening are asked to split into groups. Each group takes part in the game proposed to it.

Game number 1. Chemical lotto.

Formulas are written on the cards, lined up like in a regular lotto. chemical substances, and on cardboard squares are the names of these substances. Group members are given cards, and one of them pulls out squares and names the substances. The first group member to cover all the fields on the card wins.

Game number 2. Chemistry quiz.

A rope is stretched between the backs of two chairs. Candies are tied to it on strings, to which pieces of paper with questions are attached. The group members take turns cutting off the candies with scissors. The player becomes the owner of the candy after answering the question attached to it.

Group members form a circle. They hold chemical symbols and numbers in their hands. Two of the players are in the middle of the circle. On command, they create a chemical formula of substances from the signs and numbers held by the other players. The participant who completes the formula the fastest wins.

The group members are divided into two teams. They are given cards with chemical formulas and numbers. They must write a chemical equation. The team that completes the equation first wins.

The evening ends with the presentation of prizes to the most active participants.

Equipment and reagents: beakers, conical flask, metal stand, porcelain cup, crystallizer, knife, metal tray, test tube racks, test tubes, matches, tweezers, pipettes, handkerchief; water, dry fuel, 3 tablets of calcium gluconate, potassium carbonate, ammonia 25%, hydrochloric acid (conc.), phenolphthalein, sodium metal, alcohol, office glue, ammonium dichromate, potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, ferric chloride solutions ( III), KCNS, sodium fluoride.

Progress of the event

Chemistry is an interesting and fascinating science. With the help of chemistry, our lives become more interesting and varied.


Without chemistry, the whole world would become dim.
We travel, live and fly with chemistry,
We live in different parts of the Earth,
We clean, erase, remove stains,
We eat, we sleep, and we wear our hair.
We treat with chemicals, glue and sew
We live side by side with chemistry!

Although there are no miracles in the world.
Chemistry provides the answer.
“There are miracles in the world.
And, of course, there are countless of them!”

Do not violate the teachers' advice:

And even if you are not a coward,

Do not taste the substances!

And don’t even think about smelling them.

Understand that these are not flowers!

Don't take anything with your hands

You'll get a burn, blisters!

Tea and delicious sandwich
They really want to be in your mouth.
Do not lie to yourself -
You can't eat or drink here!
This, my friend, is a chemical laboratory,
There are no provisions for food.


In the flask it’s like marmalade,
Do not taste the substances!
Even poison smells sweet.

In the chemistry room

Lots of stuff:

Cones, test tubes,

Funnel and tripod.

And there's no need to pull

I'll waste my pens,

Otherwise you'll spill it by accident

Valuable reagent!

"Pharaoh's Snakes"

Experiment: put a tablet of dry fuel on a stand, put 3 tablets of calcium gluconate on it and set it on fire. A light gray mass shaped like a snake is formed.

"Smoke without fire"

Experiment: (The experiment must be carried out in a well-ventilated area or in a fume hood) pour potassium carbonate into a large flask (300-500 ml) so that it covers the bottom with an even layer, and carefully pour in a 25% ammonia solution to wet it . Then slowly (be careful!) pour a little concentrated of hydrochloric acid(white “smoke” appears). What do we see? There is smoke, but no fire. You see, in life there is no smoke without fire, but in chemistry there is.

"Flame on the Water"

Experiment: Add phenolphthalein to a cup of water. Cut a piece of sodium or lithium metal and carefully place it in water. The metal floats on the surface, the hydrogen ignites, and due to the alkali formed, the water turns crimson.

"Volcano"

Mighty nature is full of wonders,
And on Earth they are subject to her alone
The shining of stars, sunsets and sunrises,
Gusts of wind and sea surf...
But we, now you will see for yourself,
Sometimes we also possess miracles.

Experiment: pour a heap of ammonium bichromate onto a tray, drop in alcohol, and set it on fire.

"Fireproof scarf"

children's answers).

Our magic carpet has flown away,
We don’t have self-assembly either,
There is a scarf, it will tan now,
But, believe me, it won’t be able to burn.

Experiment: moisten a scarf in a mixture of glue and water (silicate glue + water = 1:1.5), dry it slightly, then moisten it with alcohol and set it on fire.

"Orange, lemon, apple"

Experiment: first, the audience is shown a glass with a solution of potassium dichromate, which orange color. Then, alkali is added, turning “orange juice” into “lemon juice”. Then it is done in reverse: from “lemon juice” - “orange”, for this a little sulfuric acid is added, then a little hydrogen peroxide solution is added and the “juice” becomes “apple”.

"Healing the Wound"

There are three vials on the table: “iodine” (FeCl3 solution), “alcohol” (KCNS), “living water” (NaF).

Here's some more fun for you
Who gives the hand to be cut off?
It's a pity to cut off your hand,
Then we need a patient for treatment!
We operate without pain.
There will really be a lot of blood.
Every operation requires sterilization.
Help, assistant,
Give me some alcohol.
One moment! (gives alcohol- КCNS)

We will lubricate it generously with alcohol.
Don't turn around, patient.
Give me the scalpel, assistant!
(“scalpel” is a stick dipped in FeCl3)

Look, just a trickle
Blood flows, not water.
But now I'll wipe my hand -
Not a trace of the cut!
“iodine” - FeCl3 solution, “alcohol” - KCNS, “living water” - NaF.

"We are wizards"

"Colored milk"

View document contents
"Entertaining experiments in chemistry"

FUN EXPERIENCES

in chemistry for children

Target: show interesting experiments in chemistry

Tasks:

to interest students in studying chemistry;

give students the first skills in handling chemical equipment and substances.

Equipment and reagents: beakers, conical flask, metal stand, porcelain cup, crystallizer, knife, metal tray, test tube racks, test tubes, matches, tweezers, pipettes, handkerchief; water, dry fuel, 3 tablets of calcium gluconate, potassium carbonate, ammonia 25%, hydrochloric acid (conc.), phenolphthalein, sodium metal, alcohol, office glue, ammonium dichromate, potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, ferric chloride solutions ( III), KCNS, sodium fluoride.

Progress of the event

Chemistry is an interesting and fascinating science. With the help of chemistry, our lives become more interesting and varied.

Without the chemistry of life, believe me, no,
Without chemistry, the whole world would become dim.
We travel, live and fly with chemistry,
We live in different parts of the Earth,
We clean, erase, remove stains,
We eat, we sleep, and we wear our hair.
We treat with chemicals, glue and sew
We live side by side with chemistry!

Although there are no miracles in the world.
Chemistry provides the answer.
“There are miracles in the world.
And, of course, there are countless of them!”

But before you start the practical part of the event, listen to the comic safety regulations.

Entering our chemistry room,

Do not violate the teachers' advice:

And even if you are not a coward,

Do not taste the substances!

And don’t even think about smelling them.

Understand that these are not flowers!

Don't take anything with your hands

You'll get a burn, blisters!

Tea and delicious sandwich
They really want to be in your mouth.
Do not lie to yourself -
You can't eat or drink here!
This, my friend, is a chemical laboratory,
There are no provisions for food.

Let the test tube smell like vobla,
In the flask it’s like marmalade,
Do not taste the substances!
Even poison smells sweet.

In the chemistry room

Lots of stuff:

Cones, test tubes,

Funnel and tripod.

And there's no need to pull

I'll waste my pens,

Otherwise you'll spill it by accident

Valuable reagent!

"Pharaoh's Snakes"

In India and Egypt you can watch snakes dancing to the tune of charmers. Let's try to make the “snakes” dance, but our caster will be fire.

Experience: Place a tablet of dry fuel on the stand, put 3 tablets of calcium gluconate on it and set it on fire. A light gray mass shaped like a snake is formed.

"Smoke without fire"

The old saying goes, “There is no smoke without fire,” let’s check it out.

Experience: (The experiment must be carried out in a well-ventilated area or in a fume hood) pour potassium carbonate into a large flask (300-500 ml) so that it covers its bottom with an even layer, and carefully pour in a 25% ammonia solution to wet it. Then slowly (be careful!) pour a little concentrated hydrochloric acid into the flask (white “smoke” appears). What do we see? There is smoke, but no fire. You see, in life there is no smoke without fire, but in chemistry there is.

"Flame on the Water"

Can you cut metal with a knife? Can he swim? Can water burn?

Experience: Add phenolphthalein to a cup of water. Cut a piece of sodium or lithium metal and carefully place it in water. The metal floats on the surface, the hydrogen ignites, and due to the alkali formed, the water turns crimson.

"Volcano"

Mighty nature is full of wonders,
And on Earth they are subject to her alone
The shining of stars, sunsets and sunrises,
Gusts of wind and sea surf...
But we, now you will see for yourself,
Sometimes we also possess miracles.

Experience: pour ammonium bichromate onto a tray, drop some alcohol, and set it on fire.

"Fireproof scarf"

Remember the magical objects from fairy tales ( children's answers).

Our magic carpet has flown away,
We don’t have self-assembly either,
There is a scarf, it will tan now,
But, believe me, it won’t be able to burn.

Experience: moisten the scarf in a mixture of glue and water (silicate glue + water = 1:1.5), dry it slightly, then moisten it with alcohol and set it on fire.

"Orange, lemon, apple"

And now the next magic, from one juice we get another.

Experience: First, the audience is shown a glass with a solution of potassium dichromate, which is orange. Then, alkali is added, turning “orange juice” into “lemon juice”. Then it is done in reverse: from “lemon juice” - “orange”, for this a little sulfuric acid is added, then a little hydrogen peroxide solution is added and the “juice” becomes “apple”.

"Healing the Wound"

There are three vials on the table: “iodine” (FeCl solution 3 ), "alcohol" (KCNS), "living water" (NaF).

Here's some more fun for you
Who gives the hand to be cut off?
It's a pity to cut off your hand,
Then we need a patient for treatment! (the bravest boy is invited)
We operate without pain.
There will really be a lot of blood.
Every operation requires sterilization.
Help, assistant,
Give me some alcohol.
One moment! (gives alcohol- КCNS) We will lubricate it generously with alcohol.
Don't turn around, patient.
Give me the scalpel, assistant!
(“scalpel” is a stick dipped in FeCl 3 )

Look, just a trickle
Blood flows, not water.
But now I'll wipe my hand -
Not a trace of the cut!
“iodine” - FeCl solution 3 , “alcohol” - KCNS, “living water” - NaF.

"We are wizards"

And now you yourself will become wizards. We will now conduct the experiment.

"Colored milk" I suggest you get blue milk. Does this happen in nature? No, but you and I can do it, but you can’t drink it. Combine copper sulfate and barium chloride together.

Dear Guys! So our miracles are over and entertaining experiments. We hope you liked them! If you know chemistry, it will not be difficult for you to unravel the secrets of the “miracles”. Grow up and come to us to study this very interesting science- chemistry. See you again!

"Pharaoh's Snakes"

origin of name

Nobody knows for sure the origin of the name “Pharaoh’s snakes”, but it is dated to biblical events. In order to impress Pharaoh, the prophet Moses, on the advice of the Lord, threw his staff on the ground, and it turned into a snake. Once in the hands of the chosen one, the reptile again became a staff. Although in fact there is nothing in common between how these experiences are obtained and biblical events.

What can you get "pharaoh snakes" from?

The most common substance used to produce snakes is mercury thiocyanate. However, experiments with it can only be carried out in a well-equipped chemical laboratory. The substance is toxic and has an unpleasant, persistent odor. And a “pharaoh’s snake” at home can be created from tablets that are sold in any pharmacy without a prescription, or mineral fertilizers from a hardware store.

To conduct the experiment, calcium gluconate, methenamine, soda, powdered sugar, saltpeter and many substances that can be purchased at a pharmacy or store are used. “Snakes” from tablets containing sulfonamides The easiest way to conduct the “Pharaoh’s snakes” experiment at home is from drugs of the sulfonamide group. These are products such as “Streptotsid”, “Biseptol”, “Sulfadimezin”, “Sulfadimethoxine” and others. Almost everyone has these drugs in their home. "Pharaoh's snakes" from sulfonamides turn out shiny gray, their structure resembles corn sticks. If you carefully grab the “head” of the snake with a clamp or tweezers, you can pull out a fairly long reptile from one tablet.

In order to conduct the Pharaoh's Snake chemical experiment, you will need a burner or dry fuel and the above-mentioned medications. Several tablets are laid out on dry alcohol, which is set on fire. During the reaction, substances such as nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor are released.

The reaction formula is as follows:

С11H12N4O2S+7O2 = 28C+2H2S+2SO2+8N2+18H2O

Such an experiment must be carried out very carefully, since sulfur dioxide is very toxic, just like hydrogen sulfide. Therefore, if it is not possible to ventilate the room during the experiment or turn on the hood, it is better to do this outside or in a specially equipped laboratory. “Snakes” from calcium gluconate It is best to conduct experiments using substances that are safe, even if used outside a specially equipped laboratory.

"Pharaoh's snake" from calcium gluconate is obtained quite simply. This will require 2-3 tablets medicinal product and a cube of dry fuel. Under the influence of the flame, a reaction begins, and a gray “snake” crawls out of the tablet. Such experiments with calcium gluconate are quite safe, but you should still be careful when conducting them. The formula for the chemical reaction is as follows:

C12H22CaO14+O2 = 10C+2CO2+CaO+11H2O

As we can see, a reaction occurs with the release of water, carbon dioxide, carbon and calcium oxide. It is the release of gas that causes growth. "Pharaoh's snakes" are up to 15 centimeters long, but they are short-lived. When you try to pick them up, they fall apart.

"Pharaoh's snake" - how to make it from fertilizer?

If you have a vegetable garden personal plot or a dacha, then there are certainly various fertilizers. The most common one, which can be found in the pantry of any summer resident and farmer, is ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate. For the experiment you will need sifted river sand, half a teaspoon of saltpeter, half a teaspoon of powdered sugar, and a spoon of ethyl alcohol. It is necessary to make a depression in the sand slide. The larger the diameter, the thicker the “snake” will be. A well-ground mixture of saltpeter and sugar is poured into the recess and filled with ethyl alcohol. Then the alcohol is set on fire, and a “snake” is gradually formed. The reaction then occurs as follows:

2NH4NO3 + C12H22O11 = 11C + 2N2 + CO2 + 15H2O.IN

The release of toxic substances during the experiment requires compliance with safety precautions.

"Pharaoh's snake" from food products

"Pharaoh's snakes" are obtained not only from medicines or fertilizers. For experience, you can use products such as sugar and soda. Such components can be found in any kitchen. From river sand a slide with a depression is formed and soaked in alcohol. Powdered sugar and baking soda mix in a ratio of 4:1 and pour into the recess. The alcohol is set on fire. The mixture begins to turn black and slowly swell. When the alcohol almost stops burning, several wriggling “reptiles” crawl out of the sand. The reaction is as follows:

2NaHCO3 = Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2, C2H5OH + 3O2 = 2CO2 + 3H2O

The mixture decomposes into sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water vapor. It is the gases that cause soda ash to swell and grow, which does not burn during the reaction.

Ampicillin chameleon

Take an ampicillin tablet and crush it. Place the powder in a test tube, add 5 ml of distilled water to it and close with a stopper. Shake the resulting mixture for 12 minutes and then filter.

Pour 1 ml into a test tubereceivedampicillin solution and the same amount5-10 % solutionNaOH. Add 2 to the resulting mixture3 drops 10% solutionCuSO 4 . Shake the test tube. A violet color appears, characteristic of the biuret reaction. Gradually the color changes to brown.

Smoke without fire - 3

The experiment must be carried out in a well-ventilated area or in a fume hood.Take two beakers. Pour a few drops into one of them25 % solutionammonia,and in the other - a few dropsconcentrated hydrochloric acid( be careful!). Bring the glasses closer to each other.White smoke will be released.Thisis formedammonium chloride:

N.H. 3 +HClN.H. 4 Cl.

Bloody experience

For gettingbloodwe willuse the reaction between thiocyanate and iron salt(III), For example:

2FeCl 3 +6KSCNFe + 6KCl.

You can write a simplified version of the equation with the formation of a low-dissociation product:

FeCl 3 + 3 KSCNFe( SCN) 3 + 3 KCl

Fe 3+ + 3 SCN Fe( SCN) 3 .

Typically, potassium or ammonium thiocyanate and ferric chloride are used for the reaction (III). During its course, a blood-red autocomplex thiocyanate is formed.

For the experiment, you need to take glasses with solutions of potassium thiocyanate (ammonium) and ferric chloride (III), as well as two glass rods with cotton wool wrapped around them. Prepare a plastic or steel knife. It must be blunted, otherwise the experience can become really bloody.

Wipe your palm with an iron salt solution (viewers can be informed that this is disinfection with an iodine solution.Moisten the knife with thiocyanate solution (spectators can againdeceivesay it's alcohol). Next start yourselfcutwith a knife. Appearsblood.

For removingbloodwe also usecomplexation reaction:

[ Fe( SCN) 6 ] 3 + 6 F [ FeF 6 ] 3 + 6 SCN .

Simplified:Fe( SCN) 3 + 3 NaFFeF 3 + 3 NaSCN.

Iron fluoride complex(III) colorless. That's why,if you wipe itwoundcotton wool soaked in a solution of sodium fluoride, the thiocyanate complex is destroyed and a more stable complex is formed [FeF 6 ] 3 . Blooddisappears. The audience is shown that there is no wound on the palm.

Experiences for little ones

Potato becomes a submarine

AssubmarineWe use regular potatoes. We need one potato tuber, liter jar or a large beaker and table salt. Pour half a jar or glass of water and lower the potato. She will drown. Add a saturated salt solution to a jar (glass). The potatoes will float. If you want it to be immersed in water again, just add water to the jar. Why not a submarine?

Potatoes drown because... it is heavier than water. Compared to a salt solution, it is lighter, which is why it floats to the surface.

Hung bubble

OnPour baking soda into the bottom of a beaker or small jar and pour some table vinegar. Carbon dioxide will be released. It is heavier than air and will accumulate at the bottom of the jar. But carbon dioxide is colorless. You won't see him. However, you can make sure that it really is in the jar using soap bubbles. Blow a bubble into the jar. It will hang in it at the border of carbon dioxide and air.

Painting nails

Dissolve a little copper sulfate in a glass and dip a nail into it. After some time, the nail will turn red and the solution will take on a greenish tint. This was a chemical reaction. A layer of copper has formed on the surface of the nail.

Ants chemists

Antscapable of producingacidant . It is very easy to verify this. Enough to goin the forestAndtake with youthe chemist's faithful companionindicator paper. Find an anthill and, carefully, so as not to damage it, lower the straw into it for a while. Take it out and moisten it with a drop of water. Touch the wet straw to the indicator paper. Its color will indicate the presence of acid.

The experiment illustrates how sulfuric acid burns sugar in air in the presence of water.

Sulfuric acid greedily absorbs water and is able to extract this water even from sugar molecules. This reaction turns the sugar into charcoal and releases gases that foam the charcoal and push it out of the glass.

Pour powdered sugar into a glass.

Add water to the powdered sugar and mix everything thoroughly.

Add a little sulfuric acid to the solution of water and powdered sugar and continue stirring until the solution begins to darken and rise.

powdered sugar

water

sulfuric acid

chem. cup

syringe

glass rod

In a black, black forest stood a black, black house. In this black-black house there was black-black….

Hmmm... Children's horror stories are no longer in fashion. But there is very spectacular experience about black sugar. When concentrated sulfuric acid is added to powdered sugar moistened with water. The reaction of the uninitiated is much more violent than to fictitious stories with an unexpected ending.

How does this happen, and why does a black, solid, porous object form from snow-white sugar and a clear liquid?

Sucrose is a disaccharide with the formulaC 12 H 22 O 11 . How can we see that the ratio of atomsN AndABOUT the same as that of water - two hydrogen for one oxygen.

Concentrated sulfuric acid absorbs water from the sugar and the remaining carbon is released as charcoal.

Like most sulfuric acid reactions, this reaction is exothermic, meaning it produces heat. Therefore, the water evaporates, leaving only a dry solid residue.

2C 12 N 22 ABOUT 11 + 2H 2 SO 4 = 23C + CO 2 + + 2SO 2 + 24H 2 ABOUT

The gases produced in the process foam the carbon and it becomes porous.

Spectacular. The only pity is that carbon is released in the form of graphite, and not in its other modification - diamond.

The experiment demonstrates how sulfuric acid burns organic compounds. A similar process occurs in the stomach of mammals.

Sulfuric acid greedily absorbs water and is able to extract this water even from ordinary products. During this reaction, sugar, found in almost all foods, turns into coal.
Pour sulfuric acid into the vessel.

Throw an orange, chocolate, hamburger, and French fries into the acid. Mix everything.

After an hour and a half, we evaluate the result.

concentrated sulfuric acid

hamburger

chocolate

french fries

orange

glass vessel

In a solution of silicate glue with water, when copper sulfate is added, a “colloidal garden” will begin to grow.

Some time after adding a few pinches of copper and iron sulfate to a solution of silicate glue with water, a “colloidal garden” that resembles algae will begin to grow. The color of this "chemical algae" depends on the salt of the metal that is immersed. Copper salts are light blue, iron salts are dark green.

Pour silicate glue into a glass vessel, add water in a ratio of 1:1 or 1:2 and mix.

In a plastic cup, make a solution of copper sulfate and water.

We take a solution of copper sulfate into a glass tube with a bulb and, lowering the tube to the bottom of the vessel, release the solution of copper sulfate in portions.

Pour a pinch of copper and iron sulfate into a jar.

glass jar

water

silicate glue

copper sulfate

inkstone

glass tube with pear

spatula or spoon

plastic cup