Verb in English language is a part of speech that denotes an action, state of a person or object.

The verb to have is the same. Its translation from English is the meaning of the synonyms “to have”, “to possess” or “to own”. But this verb differs from other verbs in English in that it has separate forms for third person singular nouns and pronouns.

Forms of the verb to have

The verbs have, has or had are the same verb. Only in different forms and time. Let's look at the formal difference for now.

I have been to Spain last week. - I was in Spain last week (that is, I was in Spain last week and now I’m still there).

She has been to Moscow yesterday. - She was in Moscow yesterday (that is, she was in Moscow yesterday and now she is there too).

My mother has been to England last year. - My mother was in England last year (and now she is there too).

This is an expression of actions that have occurred up to the present moment or have already been completed or stopped by this moment, as well as states or actions that began in the past and continue at the moment of speech.

Examples with was in the simple past tense (Past Simple), without signs of duration of action or state:

I was here some times. - I have been here several times (that is, I am not here now).

I was at the office last week. - I was in the office last week (but now I’m not in the office).

She was on a farm for helping. - She was at the farm to help (but she is not at the farm now).

They were at school. - We were at school (and now we are not there).

We were in the library many times. - We have been to the library many times (but at this moment we are not in the library).

The last two examples are the use of the plural form of the verb to be - was.

(to have) in the present tense. The rule for their use is simple, however, beginners often have difficulties with these words.

Has or Have – a rule of three simple points

Rule of use has/have following:

• Has used with third person singular pronouns he, she, it, For example:

He has a bike. - He has a bike.

She has a sister. - She has a sister.

This is a tree. It has many branches. - This is a tree. It has many branches.

• Has also used with any, which can be replaced by the noun he, she, it. This can be almost any part of speech, but most often:

John has a kangaroo. – John has a kangaroo.

Swimming has become a popular sport. – Swimming has become a popular sport.

The noun “John” can be replaced with he, “swimming” with it.

• Have used with all other pronouns in singular and plural: I, you, we, they.

I have a strange feeling. – I have a strange feeling.

You have no choice. – You have no choice.

We have two dollars. - We have two dollars.

They have reliable friends. – They have reliable friends

In other words, we see “He, She, It”, or a word that can be replaced with them, we put has, with other words – have.

Common mistakes in using Has and Have

1. Has in the past tense

Has and have These are forms of the verb in the present tense. In the past tense, the verb to have has only one form - had. In the past tense has is not used under any circumstances:

Right:

We had a lot of work. Helen had no work at all. – We had a lot of work. Helen had no work at all.

Wrong:

We had a lot of work. Helen has no work at all.

In the second, incorrect, option due to has the meaning changes: “Helen has no job at all (now).”

2. Has in the future tense

The same goes for the future tense: in the future tense, the verb to have has the form will have. In the future tense, has is not needed under any circumstances.

• Right:

He will have enough time for rest. - He will have enough time to rest.

• Wrong:

He will have will have enough time for rest.

3. Has and Have after names of people, names of cities, places

Beginners often get confused when these verb forms are used with proper nouns. The fact is that textbooks often give examples with people’s names, for example:

Maria has two sons. – Maria has two sons.

There may be a habit that after any proper name you need the verb has, but this, of course, is not the case. If the subject can be replaced with he, she, it, then we put has, in other cases (that is, if this word is plural) – have.

The Bahamas have changed a lot. – The Bahamas has changed a lot.

The Johnsons have two sons. – The Johnsons (the Johnson couple) have two sons.

Maria and John have two sons. – Mary and John have two sons

In the last example the subject is expressed by the words “Maria and John”, that is there's talk about the plural (two people).

4. Has after nouns like “people”: People have or People has?

Some nouns may look like a singular noun but have the meaning . In this case, when choosing between has / have, you need to be guided by the meaning of the word, not the form.

Let's compare two examples:

Some people have thirty three teeth – Some people have thirty-three teeth.

My people has more honor than yours. “My people have more honor than yours.”

In the first case, “people” means “people” and has the meaning plural, therefore “people have”. In the second case, “people” means “people”, has a singular meaning, therefore “has”.

5. Have and Has in negations: He doesn’t has or He doesn’t have?

Common mistake - use has in a negative sentence with auxiliary verb to do, that is, in negations where there is “do not / don’t”, “does not / doesn’t”.

The rule is simple: after the negation don’t or doesn’t we always use the form have, even if the subject is he, she or it. “Doesn’t has” is basically an impossible combination.

I don't have any small change. – I don’t have any change.

He doesn't have any place to live. - He has nowhere to live.

The fact is that in such negative sentences, in the presence of a subject expressed by the pronouns he, she, it or other words in the third person singular, the verb to do takes the corresponding form- it turns into does, so turning have into has is kind of redundant.

6. Have and Has in the questions: Does he has or Does he have?

The same rule applies to interrogative sentences constructed using to do, that is, questions like “Do you have?”, “Does he have?”

These questions use does if the subject is expressed by the pronouns he, she, it, or any other word that can be replaced by one of these pronouns. Moreover, if the verb to have is present in the question, it is used only in the form have.

Rule: in questions with “do” or “does” we always use the have form, even if the subject is he, she or it. “Does he has” is a basically impossible combination.

Do you have a minute? - Do you have a minute?

Does he have a minute? – Does he have a minute?

Today we will talk about the different forms and functions of one strong English verb have (having). The rule for the formation and use of this verb is quite extensive, but at the same time simple. Once you carefully study the information, you will no longer have problems using it. The whole essence of the verb lies in its versatility. We will try to review each of the functions as easily as possible.

general characteristics

While studying English, we are faced with different options the verb we are interested in: had, has, have, having. The rules for using each of these forms are quite precise, so it is difficult to confuse them if you carefully study all the information. To begin with, we note that this verb can perform the following functions:

• A semantic verb, which in translation means “to have”. He has a big house. He has a big house. It should be added that the translation into Russian may differ, since the option sounds more literary: He has a big house.
• An auxiliary verb that serves to form different tense forms. In this case it is not translated. She has done it already. She's already done it. They are having dinner now. We are having lunch now.
• Modal verb expressing obligation. He has to visit a doctor. He is forced to go to the doctor.

Depending on what function the verb performs, both the form of the verb and how it behaves in the formation of interrogative and negative sentences.

British and American versions

One of the simplest uses of this verb is its use as a semantic one. In this case we will be dealing with forms have And has have got And has got . The rule for their application is quite simple:

• In British English, the simple form "have" is used to express one-time possession of something. He has a nice toy. He has a beautiful toy. This means that he now has a toy in his hands.
• When expressing possession of something on a permanent basis, the form with got. He has got a nice toy. In this case, the translation will sound unchanged: “ He has a beautiful toy”, but it is implied that this thing belongs to him permanently.

As we can see, the type of form does not critically affect the translation of sentences, so you can safely use any of them. The main thing is not to confuse how to form other types of sentences using these forms. When forming interrogative sentences, verbs behave as follows:

• In the British version, this verb is perceived as strong, so it does not need any help when asking a question. Has he (got) a dog? He has a dog?
• In the American version, the verb is used in pairs with auxiliary verbs do/does. Do you have a dog? You have a dog?

Which option you choose depends on your preference and where you live. It is recommended to communicate in the dialect of the language spoken in the area.

Features of forms in the present tense

It doesn't matter which form you choose: has or has got/have got, the rule for forming forms for different persons and numbers must be observed in any case. So, in the present tense this verb has the forms:

The same forms are used to form negative sentences.

• He has not (hasn’t) any enemies.
• He does not (doesn’t) have any enemies.

Past tense

Separately, it is necessary to note the past tense forms for the verb have (having). The rule of application is the same as in the present tense, that is, it is possible to use the British or American style. In this tense the verb has only one form - had, so you don’t need to choose, but when forming questions and negatives, you still have to think a little. For example, a sentence: He had a big pie. He had a big pie.

• British version: Had he a big pie? Did he have a big pie?
• American version: Did he have a big pie? Did he have a big pie?

So, you just need to choose what style you are going to communicate in and stick with that style throughout the conversation.

Have/having: rule of education

A very important function that this verb performs is the formation of different tense forms. This refers to the formation of such verb variants as have done/has done or have been, has been. The rule for the formation of tense formulas in which our verb is involved is:

Present and past tense verb have perceived as a strong auxiliary, used to pose questions and negations to a sentence.

• Has he left the city?
• They hadn't done it yet.
• Have you been reading?

In the future tense, this function is taken over by the verb will.

• Will you have finished the work by the end of the week?
• We will not have been sitting.

Modal verb have to

The rule for using this verb as a modal says that it is applicable as an expression of obligation, and the subject himself does not realize the need to perform an action, but this is caused by some circumstances. It is this shade of compulsion that made this form more commonly used in Lately. Translated into Russian, such a verb means “necessary, forced, must, had to,” etc.

• He has to do it at once. He is forced to do it right away.

A distinctive feature of the modal form is that when forming a sentence, a particle is always paired with a verb to, which is placed before the infinitive of the main semantic verb expressing the action itself.

• She has to leave now. She must leave now.

Also, when constructing an interrogative or negative sentence, the help of verbs is always used do/does.

• Do they have to buy it? Should they buy it?
• You don't have to read this book. You don't have to read this book.

Note that the forms of the modal verb are absolutely identical to the forms of the simple semantic “to have”.

In the past and future tenses, the same forms are used for all persons and numbers had to And will have to.

Phraseologisms

In the end, I would like to remind you that in combination with some words, our verb can lose its direct meaning and translated completely differently. Most often in such cases, when asking questions and negatives, an auxiliary verb is used do/does/did.

• She has lunch at 1. She has lunch at 1.
• We had a talk after dinner. After dinner we talked.
• Did you have a bath? Have you already shopped?
• I didn't have a smoke yet. I haven't smoked yet.

As can be seen from the information presented, the use and interpretation of the verb will not cause difficulties if you carefully study all the rules. And, of course, we must not forget about practical training.

If you immediately understand the forms of this verb, then use have has in English will seem very simple. Just remember the verb to be– he has three forms in the present tense. And to have- only two. This is already pleasing, isn’t it? And if you also correlate the rules of the simple present tense and the form of the verb “to have,” then everything generally falls into place!

Using have has in English

So what's special about use of have has in English? First, it is important to pay attention to which subject is in your sentence. It is from this moment that it depends which form of the verb needs to be used. According to grammatical rules, has only friends with he, she, it; A have- with all other persons and numbers.

Secondly, do not forget that in addition to statements, there are also questions with denials. Today it is acceptable to simply add in negation not to the corresponding verb form to have, and for a question, put the same form in front of the subject who has something in your sentence. You can also ask for help from do And does. For negatives with he, she, it will do doesn't, and for everyone else - don't. In the question, take out do or does(For he, she, it) in front of the subject.

In other words, using have has in English it is practically no different from other verbs in the present tense. It is only important to remember that there is a form has.

Using have in English with examples

Like all other rules, use of have in English It's better to remember with examples. This is what we will do right now!

Verb to have in basic meaning
- used to indicate ownership of something, properties of something, relationship or connection, for example, the quality of one thing in relation to another

I have a new car. I have new car.
Katya has a sister. Her name is Evgeniya. Katya has a sister. Her name is Evgenia.
She has dark hair She has dark hair.

Verb to have as
- used to indicate large number actions, they should be remembered. But don’t be scared and think “how can I translate this”; in most cases it’s enough to simply grasp the general meaning.

have breakfast, lunch, dinner- have breakfast, lunch, dinner
have on- be dressed in
have a good time- have a good time
have a coffee- to drink coffee

Verb to have as
- used as a modal verb. Here he expresses a requirement to perform some routine action, the need to perform an action due to circumstances. As a rule, it is easy to identify by design "have to"

They have to work lot on Saturdays. On Saturdays they have to work a lot.

Verb have got

like the verb “have”, it serves to indicate possession of something, property of something, relationship or connection. Verb " have got» is more typical of British English. In the American version of “have got”, they often use “ gotten" or simply "(to) have"

He has got some friends in London. He has several friends in London.

Something to remember!
The significant difference between the verbs “have” and “have got” is time in which they are used. Verb "have got" DOESN'T HAVE forms of future and past tense, i.e. used only in the present. And accordingly, if it is necessary to use another tense, the verb “have” is used!

Note
When using abbreviations, remember that the verb “have” has no abbreviations; for example, you cannot say “I’ve a red bicycle” only “I have a red bicycle.” While “have got”, on the contrary, has contractions (in affirmation and negation)

I've got a red bicycle (I have got a red bicycle) I have a red bicycle

When constructing interrogative and negative sentences, remember that the verb “have got” does not need an auxiliary verb.

I have got a new car. I have a new car
when using negation, particle not placed between have and got
I have not got a new car. I don't have a new car.
question
Have You got a new car? Do you have a new car?

The verb “to have” follows the same conjugation rules as the rest. And accordingly, it is also used with the auxiliary verb do, will,..

I have a new car.
I had a new car. I had a new car.
I didn't have a new car. I didn't have a new car. I will have a new car.