The ten states with the largest area in the world are listed. They are located in different parts of the planet, and economically they are too different.
10. Sudan. With an area of 2,505,815 sq. km. Sudan is the tenth largest country in the world and the largest in the world. It is located in the northeastern part of the continent, on the shores of the Red Sea. Most of Sudan is predominantly dry and barren desert.
9. Kazakhstan. The former Soviet republic covers an area of 2,717,300 sq. km. in the western part of the continent. The country has access to the Caspian Sea. Most of Kazakhstan is occupied by steppes and deserts.
Despite this, there are large mineral deposits in the bowels of the earth that are turning Kazakhstan into a country with a bright future.
7. India. With an area of 3,287,263 sq. km. the seventh largest country in the world. It completely occupies the Hindustan Peninsula in Asia. The country is surrounded by warm waters Indian Ocean, and in the north it reaches the Himalayas.
Despite its large area, India is an overpopulated country, being home to more than 1 billion people. What is now India was home to one of the richest and most exciting cultures on our planet.
European Union. Although not a state, it is a strongly integrated community that is united by economic and political principles. The European Union is one of the most influential organizations in the world.
If the EU were a country, it would be the 7th largest country in the world after Australia, and would be economically larger than even the United States. The EU covers an area of 4,325,675 sq. km, but it continues to expand.
6. Australia. With an area of 7,682,300 sq. km. the sixth largest country in the world and at the same time one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world. The average population density is about 2 people per square kilometer.
The reason is that the interior of the country is exceptionally sparsely populated. Australia is the only country that completely occupies the territory of one continent.
5. Brazil. With an area of 8,574,404 sq. km. largest country on southern hemisphere and in Latin America. She occupies the middle South America, and on its territory there is the most abundant river in the world and the most extensive equatorial forest on the planet.
The country has wide access to Atlantic Ocean. Thanks to its large area and wealth of resources, Brazil is now among the fastest growing and most promising economies of the 21st century.
2. Canada. With an area of 9,970,610 sq. km. the second largest country in the world. Similar to the USA, Canada also has access to three oceans. The country is the largest in the western hemisphere, and is known throughout the world for its beautiful landscapes.
Here are some of the most extensive pine forests on the planet. Since Canada is a northern country with a harsh climate, most of the population lives in the southern border areas.
1. Russia. covers an area of 17,075,400 sq. km. It is the largest country in the world. Russia occupies vast territories in Asia, and stretches from the Baltic Sea to Pacific Ocean.
In the north, the coast of the Arctic Ocean stretches for thousands of kilometers. On its vast territory, Russia has inexhaustible natural resources, which are the basis of the Russian economy.
Here are the most extensive coniferous forests on the planet. Vast areas of the Russian Federation are almost uninhabited due to harsh climatic conditions.
At the height of the Roman Empire, its rule extended over vast territories - their total area was about 6.51 million square kilometers. However, in the list of the largest empires in history, the Roman Empire ranks only nineteenth.
What do you think, which one is the first?
The largest empire in the world in history
Mongolian
294 (21.8 % )
Russian
213 (15.8 % )
Spanish
48 (3.6 % )
British
562 (41.6 % )
Mongolian
118 (8.7 % )
Turkic Khaganate
18 (1.3 % )
Japanese
5 (0.4 % )
18 (1.3 % )
Macedonian
74 (5.5 % )
Now we find out the correct answer...
Thousands of years of human existence have passed under the sign of wars and expansions. Great states arose, grew and collapsed, which changed (and some continue to change) the face of the modern world.
An empire is the most powerful type of state, where various countries and peoples are united under the rule of a single monarch (emperor). Let's look at the ten largest empires that have ever appeared on the world stage. Oddly enough, in our list you will not find either the Roman, or the Ottoman, or even the empire of Alexander the Great - history has seen more.
10. Arab Caliphate
Population: -
State area: - 6.7
Capital: 630-656 Medina / 656 - 661 Mecca / 661 - 754 Damascus / 754 - 762 Al-Kufa / 762 - 836 Baghdad / 836 - 892 Samarra / 892 - 1258 Baghdad
Beginning of rule: 632
Fall of an Empire: 1258
The existence of this empire marked the so-called. “The Golden Era of Islam” - the period from the 7th to the 13th centuries AD. e. The caliphate was founded immediately after the death of the creator of the Muslim faith, Muhammad in 632, and the Medina community founded by the prophet became its core. Centuries Arab conquests increased the area of the empire to 13 million square meters. km, covering territories in all three parts of the Old World. By the middle of the 13th century, the Caliphate, torn apart by internal conflicts, was so weakened that it was easily captured first by the Mongols and then by the Ottomans, the founders of another great Central Asian empire.
9. Japanese Empire
Population: 97,770,000
State area: 7.4 million km2
Capital: Tokyo
Beginning of rule: 1868
Fall of the Empire: 1947
Japan is the only empire on the modern political map. Now this status is rather formal, but 70 years ago it was Tokyo that was the main center of imperialism in Asia. Japan, an ally of the Third Reich and fascist Italy, then tried to establish control over the western coast of the Pacific Ocean, sharing a vast front with the Americans. This time marked the peak of the territorial scope of the empire, which controlled almost everything. maritime space and 7.4 million sq. km of land from Sakhalin to New Guinea.
8. Portuguese Empire
Population: 50 million (480 BC) / 35 million (330 BC)
State area: - 10.4 million km2
Capital: Coimbra, Lisbon
Since the 16th century, the Portuguese have been looking for ways to break Spanish isolation on the Iberian Peninsula. In 1497, they discovered a sea route to India, which marked the beginning of the expansion of the Portuguese colonial empire. Three years earlier, the Treaty of Tordesillas was concluded between the “sworn neighbors,” which actually divided the then-known world between the two countries, on unfavorable terms for the Portuguese. But this did not stop them from collecting more than 10 million square meters. km of land, most of which was occupied by Brazil. The handover of Macau to the Chinese in 1999 ended Portugal's colonial history.
7. Turkic Khaganate
Area - 13 million km2
one of the largest ancient states in Asia in the history of mankind, created by a tribal union of Turks (Turkuts) led by rulers from the Ashina clan. During the period of greatest expansion (end of the 6th century) it controlled the territories of China (Manchuria), Mongolia, Altai, East Turkestan, West Turkestan (Central Asia), Kazakhstan and the North Caucasus. In addition, the tributaries of the Kaganate were Sasanian Iran, the Chinese states of Northern Zhou, Northern Qi from 576, and from the same year the Turkic Kaganate seized the Northern Caucasus and Crimea from Byzantium.
6. French Empire
Population: -
State area: 13.5 million square meters. km
Capital: Paris
Beginning of rule: 1546
Fall of the Empire: 1940
France became the third European power (after Spain and Portugal) to become interested in the overseas territories. Since 1546 - the time of foundation New France(now Quebec, Canada) - begins the formation of Francophonie in the world. Having lost the American confrontation with the Anglo-Saxons, and also inspired by the conquests of Napoleon, the French occupied almost all of West Africa. In the middle of the twentieth century, the area of the empire reached 13.5 million square meters. km, more than 110 million people lived in it. By 1962, most of the French colonies had become independent states.
Chinese Empire
5. Chinese Empire (Qing Empire)
Population: 383,100,000 people
State area: 14.7 million km2
Capital: Mukden (1636–1644), Beijing (1644–1912)
Beginning of rule: 1616
Fall of the Empire: 1912
The most ancient empire of Asia, the cradle of oriental culture. The first Chinese dynasties ruled from the 2nd millennium BC. e., but a unified empire was created only in 221 BC. e. During the reign of the Qing, the last monarchical dynasty of the Celestial Empire, the empire occupied a record area of 14.7 million square meters. km. This is 1.5 times more than the modern Chinese state, mainly due to Mongolia, now independent. In 1911, the Xinhai Revolution broke out, putting an end to the monarchical system in China, turning the empire into a republic.
4. Spanish Empire
Population: 60 million
State area: 20,000,000 km2
Capital: Toledo (1492-1561) / Madrid (1561-1601) / Valladolid (1601-1606) / Madrid (1606-1898)
Fall of the Empire: 1898
The period of world domination of Spain began with the voyages of Columbus, which opened new horizons for Catholic missionary work and territorial expansion. In the 16th century, almost the entire Western Hemisphere was “at the feet” of the Spanish king with his “invincible armada.” It was at this time that Spain was called “the country where the sun never sets,” because its possessions covered a seventh of the land (about 20 million sq. km) and almost half sea routes in all corners of the planet. The greatest empires of the Incas and Aztecs fell to the conquistadors, and in their place a predominantly Spanish-speaking Latin America emerged.
3. Russian Empire
Population: 60 million
Population: 181.5 million (1916)
State area: 23,700,000 km2
Capital: St. Petersburg, Moscow
Fall of the Empire: 1917
The largest continental monarchy in human history. Its roots reach back to the times of the Moscow principality, then the kingdom. In 1721, Peter I proclaimed the imperial status of Russia, which owned vast territories from Finland to Chukotka. IN late XIX century, the state reached its geographical apogee: 24.5 million square meters. km, about 130 million inhabitants, over 100 ethnic groups and nationalities. Russian possessions at one time included the lands of Alaska (before its sale by the Americans in 1867), as well as part of California.
2. Mongol Empire
Population: more than 110,000,000 people (1279)
State area: 38,000,000 sq. km. (1279)
Capital: Karakorum, Khanbalik
Beginning of rule: 1206
Fall of the Empire: 1368
The greatest empire of all times and peoples, whose raison d'être was one thing - war. The Great Mongolian State was formed in 1206 under the leadership of Genghis Khan, expanding over several decades to 38 million square meters. km, from the Baltic Sea to Vietnam, killing every tenth inhabitant of the Earth. By the end of the 13th century, its Uluses covered a quarter of the land and a third of the planet's population, which then numbered almost half a billion people. The ethnopolitical framework of modern Eurasia was formed on the fragments of the empire.
1. British Empire
Population: 458,000,000 people (approximately 24% of the world's population in 1922)
State area: 42.75 km2 (1922)
Capital London
Beginning of rule: 1497
Fall of the Empire: 1949 (1997)
The British Empire is the largest state that has ever existed in the history of mankind, with colonies on all inhabited continents.
Over the 400 years of its formation, it withstood competition for world domination with other “colonial titans”: France, Holland, Spain, Portugal. During its heyday, London controlled a quarter of the world's landmass (over 34 million sq. km) on all inhabited continents, as well as vast expanses of ocean. Formally, it still exists in the form of the Commonwealth, and countries such as Canada and Australia actually remain subject to the British crown.
International status in English is the main legacy of Pax Britannica.
Something else interesting for you from history: remember, or for example. Here you go. maybe you didn't know that there was
The original article is on the website InfoGlaz.rf Link to the article from which this copy was made -
In the last article we talked about, in this publication we will learn about the largest countries. Largest country by area – Russian Federation, occupying 17,126,122 km?. The largest country by population is China, with 1,368,779,000 people. You can get more information on this issue below.
Largest country by:
Owners of wide open spaces
First, let's look at the TOP most large territories countries and their occupied area:- Russia - 17,126,122 km?;
- Canada - 9,976,140 km?;
- China - 9,598,077 km?;
- USA - 9,518,900 km?;
- Brazil - 8,511,965 km?;
- Australia - 7,686,850 km?;
- India - 3,287,590 km?;
- Argentina - 2,766,890 km?;
- Kazakhstan - 2,724,902 km?;
- The rest - 80,646,216 km?.
As we see, Russia occupies 11% of the planet’s land area, Canada – 7%, China – 6%. Thus, these three countries occupy about 24% of the world's land area. Now let's study the leading countries in more detail.
Russian Federation
The largest country by area is Russia, its area is 17,126,122 km?.
Russia is the largest country in terms of territory, with a federal structure. Until 2014, the territory of Russia was 17,125,187 km?, after Crimea was annexed in March 2014, the area of the state increased to the present figure.
Due to such a huge territory, Russia borders on 18 countries, which is the highest number in the world.
Territory Russian state includes 85 federal subjects, of which:
- 46 regions;
- 22 republics;
- 9 edges;
- 4 autonomous okrugs;
- 3 federal cities;
- 1 autonomous region.
Russia occupies 1/8 of the land mass and is comparable not just to countries, but even to continents.
Canada
The second largest country in the world is Canada, its area is 9,984,670 km?.
Canada's territory is almost 2 times smaller than Russia's. Like Russia, Canada is a federal state.
Canada's territory includes:
- 10 provinces;
- 3 territories.
Canada is the largest state of the American islands, even surpassing its continental neighbor, the United States, in area.
China
The third largest territory on the planet belongs to China, which occupies 9,640,821 km?.
The area of China is not too far from Canada when compared with Russia.
China includes:
- 22 provinces (some sources indicate 23 provinces, including Taiwan);
- 5 autonomous regions;
- 4 municipalities;
- 2 special administrative regions.
Despite its significant area, most of China's territory is occupied by mountains, about 67%.
"People's" countries
Let's look at the overall ranking of the most populated countries:- China – 1,368,779,000 people;
- India – 1,261,779,000 people;
- USA – 318,613,000 people;
- Indonesia – 252,812,245 people;
- Brazil – 203,260,131 people;
- Pakistan – 187,878,027 people;
- Nigeria – 178,516,904 people;
- Bangladesh - 156,951,230 people;
- Russia – 146,200,000 people;
- The rest – 2,911,254,980 people.
As you can see from the table, the top three leading countries have a population equal to all those countries that are not included in the top nine. Now let's look at the top three in more detail.
China
The most populous country is China, which is home to about 1,368,779,000 people.
China's population increases by 12 million people every year. Starting in 1979, the state switched to a policy of limiting the birth rate, but having reached average levels, over time the birth rate gradually increases again from year to year.
India
The second most populous country is India, with 1,261,779,000 people living in the country.
Oddly enough, almost 70% of Indians live in rural areas. The state does not pursue any birth control policy. India's annual population growth is about 14 million people.
The top three countries in terms of population are the United States, with 320,194,478 people.
The US population growth per year is about 8 million people. A fairly significant portion of this number are migrants from other countries. It will be very difficult for the United States, just like other countries, to catch up with China and India in terms of population, and in the conditions modern life- unreal.
03.05.2013
A hundred years ago, countries strived to become the most powerful and developed powers in the world, capturing more and more territories and spreading their influence. This is the top 10 most great empires world in history. They are considered the most important and longest lasting, they were powerful and played an important role in history. Didn't make it into the top 10 Russian empire and even the great Macedonian empire created by Alexander the Great, but it was the first European empire that advanced into Asia and defeated the Persian empire, and perhaps one of the most powerful in ancient world. But it is believed that these 10 great empires were more important in history, made a greater contribution.
Mayan Empire (c.2000 BC-1540 AD)
This empire is distinguished by its longevity, its cycle lasted almost 3500 years! This is twice the life of the Roman Empire. So far, scientists know very little about the first 3,000 years, as well as about the mysterious pyramid-like structures scattered throughout the Yucatan Peninsula. Well, is it worth mentioning the famous doomsday calendar?
French Empire (1534-1962)
Second largest in history great empire- French colonial empire, occupied 4.9 million square miles and covered almost 1/10 of the total area of the Earth. Her influence made French one of the most widespread at that time, brought fashion to French architecture, culture, cuisine, etc. to all corners of the globe. However, she gradually lost influence, and two world wars completely deprived her of her last strength.
Spanish Empire (1492-1976)
One of the first large empires, who seized territories in Europe, America, Africa, Asia and Oceania, creating colonies. For hundreds of years it remained one of the most important political and economic forces in the world. The main contribution to history is undoubtedly the discovery of the New World in 1492 and the spread of Christianity in the Western world.
Qing Dynasty (1644-1912)
The last ruling dynasty of China in its imperial past. It was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro in the territory of modern Manchuria in 1644, quickly grew and developed and eventually, by the 18th century, covered all the territories of modern China, Mongolia and even parts of Siberia. The empire covered an area of more than 5,700,000 square miles. The dynasty was overthrown during the Xinhai Revolution.
Umayyad Caliphate (661-750)
One of the fastest growing great empires in history, whose life, however, was just as short. It was founded by one of the four caliphates - the Umayyad Caliphate, after the death of the Prophet Muhammad and served to spread Islam throughout the Middle East and North Africa. Sweeping away everything in its path, Islam seized power in the region and retains it to this day.
Achaemenid Empire (c. 550-330 BC)
Most often it is called the Medo-Persian Empire. Stretching from the Indus Valley of modern Pakistan to Libya and the Balkans, this empire is the largest Asian empire in ancient history. The founder was Cyrus the Great, best known today as an enemy of the Greek city-states during the Greco-Persian Wars, who was killed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC. After his death, the empire split into two large parts and several independent territories. The model of state and bureaucracy invented in this empire still works today.
Great Ottoman Empire (1299-1922)
Became one of the largest and longest-lived great empires of the world in history. At its height (under the rule of Suleiman the Magnificent) in the 16th century, it extended from the southern borders of the Holy Roman Empire to Persian Gulf, and from the Caspian Sea to Algeria, effectively holding control over most of southeastern Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. At the beginning of the 17th century, the empire included no fewer than 32 provinces, along with numerous vassal states. Unfortunately, ethnic and religious tensions and competition from other powers led to a gradual disintegration in the 19th century.
Mongol Empire (1206-1368)
Despite the fact that the empire lasted only 162 years, the pace at which it grew is frightening. Under the leadership of Genghis Khan (1163-1227), the entire territory from of Eastern Europe to the Sea of Japan. At its peak, it covered an area of 9,000,000 square miles. Perhaps the empire would have been able to capture Japan if the ships had not been destroyed by the tsunamis of 1274 and 1281. By the mid-14th century, the empire began to gradually disintegrate due to internal conflicts and eventually split into several states.
British Empire (1603 to 1997)
Despite its short life span of only 400 years, the British Empire (essentially several British Isles) managed to become the largest in history. At its peak in 1922, the empire dominated almost 500 million people (1/5 of the world's population at that time) and covered more than 13 million square meters. miles (1/4 of the Earth's area)! That empire had colonies on all continents of the world. Alas, everything must come to an end. After two world wars, Britain was financially devastated and, after the loss of India in 1947, gradually began to lose influence and colonies.
Greater Roman Empire (27 BC to 1453)
Founded in 27 BC. Octavian Augustus it existed for 1500 years! And it was eventually overthrown by the Turks under the leadership of Mehmed II, who destroyed Constantinople in 1453. For 117 AD. heyday came great empire. At this time she was the most powerful on earth, although not the largest in history. The population was 56.8 million people, the territory under its rule was 2,750,000 km². The influence on modern Western culture, language, literature, and science is difficult to assess because it is incredibly large.