home Pregnancy and children What is known about the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in the Kerch Strait. Ribbons of Discord

What is known about the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in the Kerch Strait. Ribbons of Discord

Good afternoon friends. Today we’ll talk about how relations are developing between the Russian-Ukrainian diaspora in Canada after the events that took place in 2014-2015.

I have already said that the Ukrainian diaspora behaved quite sharply and aggressively. If we talk about Russian-Ukrainian relations, then Russia behaved sharply and aggressively, and if we talk about emigration, then the Ukrainian diaspora behaved sharply and aggressively. And here is the question of how relations between the two diasporas develop over time, what happens in this regard.

Time cures

What's happening? Let me start by saying that the storm in a teacup has subsided. No rallies, protests, meetings at the embassy, consulate, pickets in support, collection of signatures - none of this has been happening for a long time. Everything stopped somewhere in the middle of 2015. At the moment everything is quiet and calm. But as far as relations between diasporas are concerned, everything seems to have settled down, but a sediment remains. This is due to the fact that it is very a large number of During the period of the showdown between the two states, people quarreled and quarreled. If before this people communicated quite calmly, then during the peak of this conflict people quarreled, became friends on Facebook, and stopped visiting each other.

Now some are starting to communicate with each other, but this communication is of a completely different type, of a completely different quality. It seems that everyone has calmed down, but what was there cannot be returned, or at least it will take some time to return everything to the previous level.

Consequences cannot be avoided

When I studied in Canada, my group included mostly Ukrainians. Besides me, there were two Russians, one person from Kazakhstan, all the rest were Ukrainians. Communication with almost all of them was lost. Before that, we more or less communicated at the level of “how are you?”, “What’s new?” After that, almost everyone unfriended me on Facebook, although I did not say anything aggressive in this conflict in anyone’s favor. I am of the opinion that all patriots should live in their homeland and show their love there, and not in exile. However, people became unfriended.

The ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia is affecting the radicalization of Ukrainian communities. Before the conflict, it was indecent to speak openly about the ideas of Ukrainian nationalism, Bandera and Shukhevych. All these ideas were given, one might say, under the counter. But now, as far as I know, in Ukrainian centers the youth education system is built on this. There they clearly tell people that they must deal with the “damned Muscovites”; the “damned Muscovites” are to blame for everything. Now I'm just talking about facts, without making any judgments.

If before these events all our Soviet holidays were celebrated together, then after the events there was a division. They began to gather along national lines. Not everything, but it became obvious. I was told that people began to keep to themselves. In addition, there were situations when a Russian’s client was a Ukrainian, and he came up, threw tantrums, scandals, accusing the person at the workplace of what he was doing Russian Federation. Although the person has not lived in Russia for many years.

Friendship of peoples despite everything

At the same time, I can say that a certain category of people, both Russians and Ukrainians, crystallized, who acted on the principle: if the authorities of Ukraine and Russia force people to shoot at each other, then we must stand back to back and shoot at those who force this do. A certain layer has appeared in our Russian and Ukrainian communities that says that we have nothing to divide, we are people very close in spirit and culture, so we will stick together no matter what. And so they became even closer and united than they were before. So this is the situation.

In any case, the relationship has gone from the terrible negativity that it had just a year or two ago, and everyone has calmed down. Both Russians and Ukrainians are sobering up about what happened. Everyone already understands that ordinary people There is nothing to share in this story. Someone grumbles, someone continues to take a strong position of rejection of this whole matter, but the intensity of passions has already subsided. So this is the mess we are in. I think this will all subside over time. I hope that in a certain number of years we will return to what it was before all these events. Although there will definitely be a residue.

In the new tourist season, tension between Ukrainian and Russian tourists at foreign resorts is growing. Conflicts begin when tipsy vacationers start talking about politics. Such altercations often end in fights and the destruction of furniture.

They leave the beaches and restaurants

Tourists returning from holidays in Egypt, Turkey and Greece complain about the attitude of Russians towards them. “I went to Turkey for a week alone, without company. There were few Russian speakers at the hotel, so I was bored. One evening in the hotel cafe I met the whole company Russians, we were walking together, and then one of them asked: “Are you from Moscow?” I replied that they were from Kyiv, they started yelling something about the fascists and the junta. I literally ran away. A couple of days later we found ourselves nearby on the beach, and although there were free sun loungers near me, they went somewhere to the other end of the beach and didn’t even say hello,” says Kiev resident Elena Burmachenko.

On travel forums, people complain about similar situations in hotel restaurants - when Russians refused to sit at the same breakfast table with Ukrainians. According to Oleg Kulik, co-founder of the “Come with us” travel agency network, there are no large-scale fights this year, but isolated brawls do occur. “When a couple of tipsy Russians meet similarly tipsy Ukrainians and the issue of politics comes up, fights happen, but they usually don’t last very long, because the conflicting people are separated by the hotel administration or their friends,” Kulik told us.

“They hit furniture and each other”

Hotel staff also admit that there is tension. The manager of the Royal Royana hotel in Sharm el-Sheikh, Anastasia, says that this year there have already been several clashes between Russians and Ukrainians. “But our security service, understanding the situation, is especially watching the tourists, and therefore managed to separate them in time,” she said. The manager of the Pyramiza hotel said that a week ago there was a conflict on ethnic grounds in a neighboring hotel. "This drunken fight, hit furniture and each other. It didn’t last long, about five minutes, but the damage was severe. They decided not to call the police, the tourists agreed to pay everything,” he explained.

Hiding the bracelet

Problems arise not only among our tourists, but also among Ukrainians who work in Egypt and Turkey. “I came to work as an animator two weeks ago. And then some kind of cruelty began. My responsibilities include conducting yoga and aqua aerobics classes, and when the Russian tourists found out that I was Ukrainian, they raised a scandal, called the administration demanding to explain why they were not immediately told that they would have to work with Benderovka, and then left. Most of the girls who work at my hotel are also from Russia, and even some of them don’t want to communicate with me,” Ekaterina Kudina from Zaporozhye, who now works as an animator in one of the hotels in Sharm el-Sheikh, told us.

According to her, some of our tourists try not to advertise where they came from. “In some hotels, tourists are given bracelets whose colors correspond to the flag of their country. So, our tourists sometimes turn their bracelets over so that no one understands that they are Ukrainians,” says Ekaterina.

Russians on forums also complain about tourists from Ukraine. “They used to relax nearby, and everything was fine, but now if they drink, then all their toasts are “Glory to Ukraine!”, And some drunks even shout after the Russians, “Putin is f..lo,” writes a user from Nizhny Novgorod.

Hotels for Ukrainians will appear soon

To avoid unpleasant situations on vacation, many Ukrainians, even before purchasing a tour, ask for a hotel without Russian tourists. “Such requests are very common. And there are tour operators who meet halfway and offer hotels themselves, in which there may not be absolutely no Russians, because this is practically impossible, but there are few of them,” Alexander Novikovsky, president of the Association of Travel Business Leaders, told us.

He does not rule out that in the near future some tour operators will switch exclusively to serving Ukrainian tourists. Oleg Kulik adds: there are already travel agencies that display Ukrainian flags near their hotels - this means that there are practically no Russians there.

They leave the beaches and restaurants

Tourists returning from holidays in Egypt, Turkey and Greece complain about the attitude of Russians towards them. “I went to Turkey for a week alone, without company. There were few Russian speakers at the hotel, so I was bored. One evening in a hotel cafe I met a whole group of Russians, we walked together, and then one of them asked: “Are you from Moscow?” I replied that they were from Kyiv, they started yelling something about the fascists and the junta. I literally ran away. A couple of days later we found ourselves nearby on the beach, and although there were free sun loungers near me, they went somewhere to the other end of the beach and didn’t even say hello,” says Kiev resident Elena Burmachenko.

On travel forums, people complain about similar situations in hotel restaurants - when Russians refused to sit at the same breakfast table with Ukrainians. According to Oleg Kulik, co-founder of the “Come with us” travel agency network, there are no large-scale fights this year, but isolated brawls do occur. “When a couple of tipsy Russians meet equally tipsy Ukrainians and the issue of politics comes up, fights happen, but they usually don’t last very long, because the conflicting people are separated by the hotel administration or their friends,” Kulik told us.

“They hit furniture and each other”

Hotel staff also admit that there is tension. The manager of the Royal Royana hotel in Sharm el-Sheikh, Anastasia, says that this year there have already been several clashes between Russians and Ukrainians. “But our security service, understanding the situation, is especially watching the tourists, and therefore managed to separate them in time,” she said. The manager of the Pyramiza hotel said that a week ago there was a conflict on ethnic grounds in a neighboring hotel. “It was a drunken fight, they hit furniture and each other. It didn’t last long, about five minutes, but the damage was severe. They decided not to call the police, the tourists agreed to pay everything,” he explained.

Hiding the bracelet

According to her, some tourists from Ukraine try not to advertise where they came from. “In some hotels, tourists are given bracelets whose colors correspond to the flag of their country. So, our tourists sometimes turn their bracelets over so that no one understands that they are Ukrainians,” says Ekaterina.

Hotels for Ukrainians will appear soon

On Sunday, November 25, an armed clash occurred in the Black Sea, as a result of which three ships of the Ukrainian Navy were captured by the Russian FSB border service. "Reedus" presents a complete chronology of the events of the past day.

Beginning of the conflict

First reports of violation state border Russian Federation and Ukrainian vessels began to appear on Sunday morning. According to the Russian FSB, three Ukrainian military vessels - the armored boats Nikopol and Berdyansk, as well as the tugboat Yany Kapu - at about 7 a.m. Moscow time.

Ships maneuver dangerously and do not obey legal requirements Russian authorities, - said one of the first official statements of the FSB.

In response to the insubordination of the Ukrainian sailors, Russian border guards tried to push the tugboat Yany Kapu out of Russian waters with a ram. One of the Russian warships made an attack on the vessel that violated the border.

The Ukrainian side promptly responded to the incident, declaring the aggressive actions of the Russian military, allegedly attacking a group of Ukrainian Navy ships that were making a “scheduled passage from Odessa to Mariupol.”

As a result of the collision, the tug "Yany Kapu" received damage to the engine, casing and railing, however, despite the efforts of Russian border guards, all three vessels continued their movement towards the Kerch Strait, separating the Black and Azov Seas.

At 11:30 am, two more warships of the Ukrainian Navy will meet the Berdyansk, Nikopol and Yany Kapu from the port of Berdyansk in the Sea of Azov.

Kyiv continues to ignore the demands of the Russian Federation to stop maneuvers in Russian waters, which is why CEO Crimean seaports Alexey Volkov decides to close the passage through the Kerch Strait for passage civil courts to ensure navigation safety.

On Sunday afternoon, the Russian side's reaction to the actions of the Ukrainian sailors begins to arrive. Many politicians and experts are taking their aggressive actions with the direct instructions of President Petro Poroshenko.

Moscow calls the invasion of Ukrainian ships into Russian waters a provocation, and a version is expressed about the plans of the head of Ukraine to achieve the introduction of martial law in the country.

Attack and capture

After a short information lull, which lasted until Sunday evening, at about 22:00 Moscow time, a statement from the Ukrainian Navy appeared about the Berdyansk, Nikopol and the already damaged Yany Kapu. In Kyiv, they report the appearance of the first wounded, as well as the failure of one of the armored boats.

An hour later, the press service of the Ukrainian naval department announced the seizure of all three ships by Russian special forces. At the same time, Russian news agencies, citing information from the FSB, report that the Ukrainian ships that came to the rescue “set on a reverse course and are heading to Berdyansk.”

Only after midnight does an official statement from the Russian side appear about the fate of Berdyansk, Nikopol and Yana Kapu. To the FSB about the seizure of ships, we're talking about about three wounded Ukrainian sailors who received timely health care. Russian security forces also confirm information about the use of weapons on their part.

At this time, President Petro Poroshenko of the Council national security and defense of Ukraine. It decides to introduce martial law in the country for a period of 60 days. A plenary meeting of deputies of the Verkhovna Rada is scheduled for Monday, November 26, where the plan of the Ukrainian National Security Council can be finally approved.

Shortly after the meeting of the National Security Council of Ukraine near the building Russian embassy flares up in Kyiv. About 200 aggressive young people are chanting “Death to Russia!” and throw smoke bombs at the territory of the diplomatic mission.

International reaction

On November 26, Russia intends to discuss the situation in the Black Sea with member countries of the UN Security Council. As it became known from the words of First Deputy Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation Dmitry Polyansky, Moscow intends to convene an emergency meeting of the organization’s Security Council “in connection with the dangerous development of the situation in the Sea of Azov and the events that followed.”

Meanwhile, some states have already made statements regarding the Sunday incident. Thus, Estonia and Canada condemned Russia’s actions, calling on Moscow to return “illegally seized ships” to Ukraine, Interfax reports.

New official statements and comments in connection with the incident are expected to appear in the coming hours.

In the Year of Literature, we can sum it up: Russians began to read less, but better. This is what the writer, historian, doctor of philological sciences Evgeniy Vodolazkin, who became the author of the text of “Total Dictation 2015,” thinks so. He told why right now humanities scholars around the world are discovering the Russian language, what is the reason for the decline in the population’s literacy, what was remarkable about the anniversary International Book Salon and how, judging by examples from history, the conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine will end.

- Against the backdrop of a tense political situation, Russia is allocating millions of rubles for the Russian Language program implemented abroad. Is this a kind of expansion or adequate support for the Russian-speaking world from the state?

— Our country has its own experience, which differs from the experience of other nations, and people different countries It's useful to get to know him. But I don’t imagine Russia as the only source of light to which everyone, like moths, should flock. It is very important for us not to isolate ourselves and to learn from other people’s experiences. This exchange is a two-way street, and different cultures- communicating vessels. Can this be considered a means of expansion? The richness of language and culture at the political level is often used as additional remedy impact (of course, not only for us). However, I would not use the word “expansion”. Any state with a great culture and a language widespread in the world broadcasts some messages in it that it considers important. It is not for nothing that there are organizations such as the Alliance française, Goethe-Institut, which teach languages - French and German - to the population of the whole world.

It seems to me that the Russian language is now in a very good position. For the first time in many years of Soviet times, it ceased to be forcibly taught abroad - I mean the countries of the former Eastern Bloc. For example, recently in Poland I was impressed by the huge number of people who want to learn Russian. The main thing is that now this is not done under pressure. If in the former GDR and Czechoslovakia they used to fight off the Russian language with their hands and feet, now there is a noticeable rise in interest. I ask: why are you learning Russian? Everyone has different motivations: some want to read Dostoevsky in the original, others want to do business. This means that people believe that all difficulties will pass, but cultural and economic ties will remain.

- “Total dictation” was written in different parts of the world. What is the reason for such popularity of the action among the Russian-speaking population around the world?

“It was a huge surprise for me.” From my youth or childhood, I don’t remember a person who loved dictation. Even those who wrote it well may have had respect for the process, but certainly not love. And then suddenly a huge number of people around the world voluntarily began to write dictation. About 100 thousand people! I think "voluntary" here keyword. If you like, this is a form of love for language, and love cannot arise under pressure. In addition, the organizers arranged everything correctly: they provide statistics only for “fives” and “fours”. Public announcement of the names of those who received “C” and “D” is excluded - only the one who wrote knows the result, and that’s right.

- You once compared “Total Dictation” with “Night of Museums”. In both cases, people succumb to a positive, useful trend. Can dictation actually help improve literacy or is it more of a fashion?

- This is a fashion that promotes a serious attitude towards language. One does not exclude the other. IN old times they met at dances - during the most seemingly frivolous pastime, but this sometimes ended in a wedding. What seems fashionable, bright and not very serious at first can lead to very deep and good consequences - a thoughtful attitude towards one’s native language and native culture.

- In Russian enlightened circles, the opinion about the decline in literacy among the population has long been established. Do you share this opinion?

— Previously people were more literate simply because the school was stable and the Russian language teaching system was good. All this changed after the fall of the USSR. I'm not a big fan of the Soviet system as a whole, but in this area it worked like clockwork - people were quite literate. The reforms and upheavals that our school experienced could not but affect the literacy of the population. This is on the one hand. On the other hand, one should not exaggerate the literacy of that time and the current illiteracy. There is a difference between the current and past situations, but it is not glaring. The fact is that only they themselves and their immediate circle knew about the literacy of people of the pre-Internet period. Nowadays, anyone writing on the Internet or running a blog demonstrates their literacy or illiteracy to the whole world. And this is the difference.

Any technical achievement has pros and cons. The Internet plays a very important role in the issue of literacy. On the one hand, the Internet means freedom of expression, and on the other, freedom from grammatical rules. There is no censorship, no correction of numerous writing errors. Never before have so many illiterate texts passed before our eyes! And this is not as harmless as it might seem. After all, a person becomes literate not so much from learning the rules of the language as from reading. When a person reads literate texts, he himself begins to write correctly. When illiterate people read, unfortunately, the opposite happens.

- Do you see a problem in reducing interest in reading?

— According to the data that I have, now 32% of people don’t read anything at all. In the past, we actually read more. A significant category of the population has abandoned reading because they have taken up computer games. Anyone who only read thrillers now just shoots computer game. For those who liked Loveburgers, it is now easier to turn on the TV or find something similar on the Internet. In other words, those who were looking for simplicity found it in technical innovations. But those who sought depth really stayed with literature and were faithful to it. The loss of those who read from idleness is small. I would say that literature may have lost in the number of readers, but the quality of perception has improved. I was surprised to learn that in last years Sales of thrillers and fantasy fell. On the other hand, interest in serious books has grown. In general, today they read less, but better.

Interviewed by Anastasia Semenovich

The project was implemented using a grant from St. Petersburg.

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