Pelagia noctiluca This species of jellyfish is known as the "purple sting" in Europe, among many other names. Widely distributed in all warm and temperate waters World Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea and Atlantic Ocean. Also found in the Pacific Ocean, warm waters off Hawaii, southern California and Mexico, and elsewhere Pacific region. Typically these marine species live in offshore areas, although they sometimes form schools close to the coastline and may be present in large numbers on beaches. Color varies around the world, and in addition to mauve tones, shades ranging from golden yellow to yellowish yellow can sometimes be found. brown.
Chrysaora hysoscella , also known as the compass jellyfish, is a very common species of jellyfish that lives in the coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, including off the coast of the United Kingdom and Turkey. It has a diameter of up to 30 cm. Its 24 tentacles are arranged in eight groups of three. The body is yellowish-white with shades of brown. Compass jellyfish are saucer-bell-shaped, with 32 semicircular brown lobes along the entire edge. On the upper surface of the bell there are 16 V-shaped rays, also brown in color. The mouth opening is located in the center of the lower part of the bell, and is surrounded by four tentacles. The venom of the stinging cells of Chrysaora hysoscella is potent and can cause painful, long-healing wounds.
Corner jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo) - the most large jellyfish Black and Mediterranean seas. Jellyfish belongs to the order Cornerota (lat. Rhizostomeae) and can reach 50-60 cm in diameter and weigh 10 kg.
This pelagic species is widely distributed in Atlantic Ocean, the eastern Mediterranean (along the Adriatic coast) and the Black Sea. A convex umbrella and massive oral lobes with numerous processes give the jellyfish a characteristic appearance. Poisonous stinging cells are located on the lacy blades. The poison does not pose a serious danger to humans. Only in sensitive people, upon contact with the oral blades, severe irritation may occur, similar to a nettle sting, which disappears within a short time. This is probably why the jellyfish is also called sea nettle, zhigalka, and stinging nettle.
Carybdea marsupialis . The presence of Box Jellyfish has been described in almost all tropical and subtropical waters with oceanic salinity. Two species - Carybdea marsupialis and Carybdea rastoni are also recorded in the temperate seas.
Evidence of the danger of box jellyfish to humans is the special nets that are stretched along the beaches in northern Queensland (Australia) to protect against them. Although almost every year in Australia there are deaths Due to burns from the box jellyfish Chironex fleckeri, the consequences of interaction with them for humans may be different.
Cotylorhiza tuberculata - “Live fried egg” is one of the most common types of Mediterranean jellyfish. It can also be found in the Adriatic and Aegean seas, this creature can reach decent sizes, up to 35 - 40 cm in diameter.
Unlike most other representatives of the jellyfish type, they can move autonomously, using only the power of underwater currents that pick up the “protein” of the jellyfish’s body. Cotylorhiza tuberculata has stinging cells that contain a toxic substance, as well as a very small sting, fortunately For people, such jellyfish are almost not dangerous. However, one should not neglect caution; the reaction to poison varies and sensitivity to it is individual.
Olindias phosphorica. The umbrella is up to 8 cm in diameter, with small blue tentacles along the edges and is almost transparent. The usual habitat is near the coast, with thickets of Posidonia algae. Usually tied to very specific areas, however, thanks to currents it can move to other areas. This species is rarely seen an ordinary person, as it has a nocturnal lifestyle. In theory, "Olindias phosphorica" live in tropical waters, and their recent appearance off the coast of Catalonia can only be explained by the general warming of the Mediterranean Sea. Painful bite. - a species of colonial hydroids from the order siphonophores, the colony of which consists of polypoid and medusoid individuals. A large transparent bubble at one end of the colony (pneumatophore), the size of which reaches 30 cm, is filled with gas and holds it on the surface of the water. It gives the Portuguese man-of-war an external resemblance to scyphoid jellyfish. The hunting tentacles of representatives of this species carry a huge number of stinging cells, the poison of which is dangerous to humans.
For physalia burns, wetting the affected skin with a 3-5% vinegar solution helps, which prevents the stinging cells remaining in the wound from triggering. Under no circumstances should you try to wash off the poison with fresh water; this will destroy entire stinging cells containing the poison, and the pain will sharply intensify. If poison gets into your eyes or the pain does not go away within a few minutes, you should see a doctor.
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Medusa cannonball
The cannonball jellyfish lives along the east coast of the United States to Brazil. It got its name because unusual shape perfectly smooth and round, like a cannonball. In Asian countries, these jellyfish are widely used in folk medicine. It is believed that they can cure lung disease, arthritis, and lower blood pressure.
Olindias formosa
This rare species of jellyfish is found off the coast of Brazil, Argentina, and Japan. Characteristic of these jellyfish is hovering at shallow depths. When the jellyfish is in this state, its tentacles are concentrated under the cap. Due to their small numbers, this species does not pose a danger to people, but we should not forget that they can leave very severe burns.
Portuguese man of war
This amazing creature differs from all jellyfish in that it consists of many jellyfish individuals. It has a gas bubble that floats on the surface of the water, which allows it to absorb air. The tentacles of the Portuguese man-of-war can reach 50 meters when extended.
Purple striped jellyfish
This type of jellyfish can be found in Monterrey Bay. They are not yet well studied. This jellyfish has quite big sizes and can cause serious burns to humans. Stripes and rich colors appear in jellyfish as they age. Along the way warm currents The jellyfish may also migrate to the shores of Southern California. This was especially noticeable in 2012, when 130 people received burns from jellyfish (black sea nettle and purple striped one).
Mediterranean or jellyfish fried egg
This amazing creature really resembles a fried egg, or poached egg. Jellyfish live in the Mediterranean, Adriatic and Aegean Seas. Its important feature is that it can move independently without relying on waves.
Darth Vader or Narcomedusa
This type of jellyfish was discovered in the Arctic. This happened quite recently. In addition to such an interesting and at the same time terrifying appearance, the jellyfish has 4 tentacles and 12 stomach pouches. While swimming, the tentacles are pulled forward to better reach their prey.
blue jellyfish
The blue jellyfish has very stinging tentacles. It has been discovered off the coast of Scotland, in the North Sea and in the Irish Sea. The average transverse diameter of this jellyfish is 15 centimeters. Color varies from dark blue to bright blue.
Porpit porpit
It's not really a jellyfish. This creature is more commonly known as the blue button. The porpet lives on the surface of the ocean and consists of two parts: a hard golden-brown float and hydroid colonies, which in appearance are very similar to the tentacles of a jellyfish. Porpita can easily be confused with a jellyfish.
Diplulmaris Antarctica
This magnificent creature lives in the deep waters of Antarctica and has four bright orange tentacles as well as white tentacles. The small white dots on the jellyfish are side-spreads. They live inside the jellyfish and sometimes even feed on it.
Black sea nettle
Black sea nettle - giant jellyfish with a bell 3 feet in diameter. An adult can reach 5 meters and have 24 tentacles. This type of jellyfish was discovered in the waters Pacific Ocean. they are carnivores. They prefer larvae, plankton, and other jellyfish as food.
Everything about fertilizers and fertilizing. Mineral and organic.
Any gardener knows: to get a good harvest, plants need to be fed enough. But with what?
Many people believe that the best feeding is mullein. They say that this is a natural fertilizer, which means it contains everything that plants need.
But this statement is only partly true. Mullein contains a lot of nitrogen, but there are no other nutrients. How to correct this imbalance?
Of course, with the help of mineral fertilizers. Feeding with mineral water can quickly eliminate nutritional deficiencies. But you need to learn to determine by certain symptoms what exactly a particular plant lacks.
IF THERE IS NOT ENOUGH NITROGEN
Nitrogen deficiency is a fairly common situation. In this case, the leaves on the plants are small and pale, and the plants themselves turn yellow and wither. They may bloom prematurely, but the flower stalks are weak and there are few flowers.
With a lack of nitrogen, garlic turns yellow prematurely. The lower leaves of the cabbage turn pinkish-yellow and fall off. White cabbage develops an elongated stalk, cauliflower lays weak inflorescences. The cucumbers' lashes turn yellow, and the fruits take on a hooked shape with a pointed tip.
1 tbsp will help bring plants back to life. a spoonful of urea dissolved in 10 liters of water. This solution should be sprayed on the plants and also fed at the roots. Literally after three to four days, signs of nitrogen starvation usually disappear. And to enhance the effect, before the next watering you need to sprinkle the beds with ammonium nitrate at the rate of 50 g per 1 m2.
IN DEFICIT - POTASSIUM
When there is a lack of potassium in the soil, the edges of the leaves of plants turn white, and then they turn brown and dry out. This phenomenon was called marginal burn.
If there is not enough potassium for a long time, plant stems become weak and fall easily. Cucumber leaves become convex and the edges curl down.
Potassium starvation is eliminated with a solution of potassium chloride (50 g per 10 liters of water). The plants are sprayed with this solution, and 50-70 g of potassium sulfate is scattered under the roots and the beds are thoroughly watered.
PHOSPHORUS URGENTLY NEEDED!
Phosphorus starvation is not as common as nitrogen or potassium starvation. With a lack of phosphorus, the leaves become dull, dark green in color. On their underside, the color acquires bluish-green, lilac or violet shades. This is especially noticeable along the veins.
In tomato seedlings, the stems also turn bluish-green. Reddish and purple spots may appear. Leaves begin to fall, dried leaves turn black. At the same time, the shoots become thin and growth slows down.
Plants can be cured by adding double superphosphate (30 g per 1 m2 of bed).
BORON - FOR GROWTH AND BEAUTY
Plants are most often deficient in this microelement. With a lack of boron, the growth points of the stems are primarily affected. Stems and leaves become distorted. And cucumbers also have bent fruits. Zucchini and zucchini become rough and lumpy. In white cabbage, cavities appear in the stalk, and cauliflower inflorescences become loose, acquire a brown color, and small leaves grow through them.
Beets lose their ability to be stored - they rot either while still in the garden or during storage. The carrots become covered with black marks - damage.
All problems can be solved by adding 3 g of boric acid per 1 m2 of bed.
Mineral fertilizers are not only effective, but also very easy to use. In order, for example, to carry out foliar feeding, it is enough to dissolve them in water and let them settle. And then pour the solution into plastic bottle with a sprinkler - and you can start. Root feeding is easy to do using a garden watering can. And in order to measure the required amount of fertilizer, you can use the simplest measuring instruments - a glass and a spoon.
Organic fertilizers for the garden: their types and characteristics, feeding options.
Despite the positive beneficial characteristics of organic fertilizers, failure to comply with the rules and regulations for their application can lead to harm to the soil and plants. The correct approach to this issue will ensure that you receive maximum benefits from such fertilizers.
Cow dung
It is one of the most common types of organic matter, since it can significantly improve the structure of the earth, making it more breathable and moisture-absorbing. Characteristic feature This fertilizer is considered to have a fairly long shelf life - up to 7 years. Finding such fertilizer is quite easy, unlike, for example, peat. At the same time, many gardeners and gardeners do not know about the insidious side of this fertilizer: Fertilizer is applied no more often than once every 4 years. It follows from this that per 1 sq. m of plot, no more than 4 kg are added. The annual application of cow manure leads to an excess of substances in the soil, especially nitrogen. With abundant watering, organic residues decompose more intensively, which leads to the release large quantity nitrogen, and this, in turn, oversaturates our vegetables with nitrates.
Application of manure is allowed only after it has rotted well, since fresh manure is a source of various diseases, pests, and also contains weed seeds, which cause a lot of trouble for gardeners.
In addition, during the initial decomposition of fresh manure, large quantities of gas and heat are released, which, combined with nitrogen, push the plant, which has not yet had time to ripen, to accelerated growth. This leads to its weakening and inability to form a harvest suitable for long-term storage.
When fertilizing acidic soils with cow manure, remember that it acidifies the soil even more. In such cases, horse manure is preferable, or cow manure should be combined with liming.
If manure is introduced into the planting hole, care must be taken to ensure that there is no contact of the manure with the plant root to avoid burns, which will slow down the development of the seedling.
Bird droppings.
In its own way nutritional value bird droppings are compared with complex mineral fertilizers. It contains nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus, as well as bacteriophages, which allows you to simultaneously fertilize and disinfect the soil, since bacteriophages successfully suppress many pathogens. At the same time, there are a number of rules for the use of this type of fertilizer:
Bird droppings contain large amounts of uric acid, so it is not added fresh, but in combination with turf or peat. You can also prepare a tincture of droppings in water, which must be kept for 10 days. The mixture is applied to well-moistened soil and begins to act no earlier than a week later. Therefore, it is recommended to sprinkle a small layer of earth on top.
Like many organic fertilizers, bird droppings can be applied as a base fertilizer. In this case, the application rate is up to one and a half kg per 1 sq. m. m. Such a gas station is valid for up to 3 years. In spring and summer, you can feed the plants three times per season.
Peat is not particularly popular among gardeners, although it can loosen the soil and improve its water absorption properties just as well as manure. Peat is distinguished by its sufficient poverty nutrients and stinginess in nitrogen release. In this regard, it is used as compost, adding it to organic mineral supplements.
Peat is rarely brought in fresh - it must first be weathered (3 weeks) so that harmful oxide compounds of aluminum and iron are transferred to neutralized oxide forms in the air. To prevent moisture from being drawn from the soil, it is recommended to apply peat moistened to 60% moisture.
If for some reason you do not have additional organic fertilizers for the garden and you decide to use peat as the main fertilizer, then you need to cover it with a shovel full. Peat can be applied both in spring and in autumn time of the year. You should know that there are three types of peat: high-moor, intermediate and low-lying. The last two are used as fertilizer, and the top one is used to cover plants in winter.
Peat has important feature: It tends to acidify the soil. When adding it to acidic soil, it is recommended to use ash, dolomite flour or lime for deacidification.
Compost.
At home, you can prepare organic fertilizers with your own hands. For example, to prepare compost you will need a compost pit and garden vegetable waste.
This organic fertilizer can rightfully be considered a complete replacement for humus. Compost contains nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, and various microelements. It has a positive effect on the vital activity of beneficial microflora.
Under no circumstances should semi-ripe compost be added to the soil due to the presence of pathogens and weed seeds in it. However, feeding seedlings with semi-ripe compost is allowed.
This type of fertilizer is rich in nitrogen in the first year of maturity. It is not recommended to sow plants that tend to accumulate nitrates during the first few years after its application. Such plants include radishes, beets, and lettuce. You should know that compost is not rich in magnesium and calcium, which it is advisable to use additionally.
Also, the harmful insect mole cricket likes to live in compost, and if you import it from someone else’s garden, you should find out if there are such pests there.
It's no secret that ash is an excellent organic fertilizer. However, not everyone knows that it has some features, ignorance of which can harm the soil on your site.
Ash is rich in potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, boron, molybdenum, manganese and other elements, however, it does not contain nitrogen. In this regard, fertilizers that contain nitrogen must be added to the soil. It should be remembered that the simultaneous application of ash and nitrogen-containing fertilizers provokes the formation of ammonia harmful to plants.
Ash is a powerful soil deoxidizer, and therefore, when adding it to slightly acidic soil, it must be done very carefully. Also, you cannot add ash to feed young seedlings that do not yet have 3 leaves.
Fertilizing with organic fertilizers.
For each type of plant, fertilizing with organic fertilizers has its own individual characteristics:
Cucumbers respond gratefully to feeding with manure mash, that is, water fermented in the sun with manure.
Cabbage requires two feedings with wood ash during the growing season.
Carrots, in the case of poorly developing crops, respond gratefully to fertilizing with solutions of bird droppings or slurry. Moreover, the first feeding should be done in the phase of 3-4 leaves.
Tomatoes. The first fertilizing with organic fertilizers is carried out 20 days after the seedlings have been planted, the second - during the blooming of the flower clusters, and the third - when the bushes are in general abundant flowering. Liquid mullein is excellent as a fertilizer.
Eggplants are fed two weeks after the seedlings are planted, and then during the flowering period. Vegetable fertilizers such as slurry and chicken manure are perfect for eggplants.
Have a generous harvest!!!
No matter how a person feels about jellyfish, they always attract his attention with their mystery, grace and beauty. Living in all oceans, these creatures can even be found in some freshwater rivers and reservoirs. We present to your attention ten of the most beautiful jellyfish in the world:
The Mediterranean jellyfish (or fried egg jellyfish), which resembles a poached egg in appearance, lives in the Aegean, Adriatic and, of course, the Mediterranean Sea. What distinguishes it from other jellyfish is its ability to move independently in the water, without relying on waves.
The purple striped jellyfish lives in the Bay of Monterrey and has not yet been very well studied by science. Can cause quite serious damage on contact in the form of burns.
Narcomedusa (or Darth Vader) was first discovered in Arctic waters quite recently. The jellyfish has a terrifying appearance and 4 tentacles, which it extends forward while swimming to make it easier to reach its prey.
Black sea nettle. Adults reach 5 meters and can have 24 tentacles. They live in the waters of the Pacific Ocean, feeding on larvae, plankton and other jellyfish.
Diplulmaris Antarctica lives in the waters of Antarctica. The jellyfish contains sideworms (small white dots) that can even feed on it.
Olindias formosa belongs to rare species jellyfish It lives off the coast of Argentina, Brazil and Japan. There are not many representatives of this species, but they can leave quite severe burns on human skin.
The cannonball jellyfish can be found in the waters of the entire east coast of America - from the USA to Brazil. In Asia, these jellyfish are used in folk medicine: it is believed that with their help they can cure lung disease, arthritis and lower blood pressure.
Porpita porpita, better known as the “blue button,” lives on the surface of the water. The marine life consists of a hard float and hydroid colonies that resemble tentacles.
The blue jellyfish, the owner of very stinging tentacles, lives in the waters of the North and Irish seas, as well as off the coast of Scotland.
The Portuguese man-of-war is distinguished from other jellyfish by the presence of many jellyfish individuals. Having a gas bubble, the jellyfish floats on the surface of the water, absorbing air. Tentacles sea creature when extended they can reach 50 meters.
Along with good quality food, our pets also need aesthetic care. In the pet salon you can get a full range of services for animals, including haircuts, trimming, and nail trimming. In addition, it is possible to prevent dental and skin diseases your favorites. And if your pet aims to become a champion, then the masters of the pet salon will prepare it for the exhibition!
The appearance of a large number of jellyfish in the seas surrounding Greece was unpleasant news for swimmers. General Directorate of the Ministry Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine at the Department of Fisheries DAKO OQ Fthiotida, in collaboration with the Greek Center for Marine Research, has released instructions that tell you how to recognize dangerous and non-dangerous types of jellyfish that live in the seas surrounding Greece, as well as what to do if you are stung by a poisonous jellyfish .
Mediterranean Sea Jellyfish
Dangerous jellyfish
Map of beaches where dangerous jellyfish have been found
There are 3 main species found in the Mediterranean and other seas dangerous jellyfish, the burns from which give severe pain when touched, and can also cause an allergic reaction:
- Pelagia- small lilac sting;
- Chrysaora- sea nettle;
- Cyanea- hairy jellyfish;
Medusa Pelagia
Pelagia noctiluca, also a discomedusa, exists only in the jellyfish stage. The edge of her umbrella is divided into eight petals, where the sense organs are located - vision, rudimentary smell, as well as the organs of balance. This is a small jellyfish, rarely exceeding 12 cm in diameter.
The umbel is bell-shaped, the color of the dome can vary from purple to brownish-red. The frilled edge of the bell is equipped with eight thin tentacles armed with stinging cells, and four oral lobes extending from the mouth opening.
The name of this jellyfish is translated from German language, as “evening light” due to the variegated color of the dome and the ability to emit light when touching any objects under water.
Pelagia venom is dangerous to humans and can cause burns and even shock.
If you see this jellyfish in the water, it is better to get out of the water immediately.
Chrysaora - sea nettle
also known as the compass jellyfish, a very common species of jellyfish that lives in the coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, including off the coast of the United Kingdom and Turkey. It has a diameter of up to 30 cm. Its 24 tentacles are arranged in eight groups of three. The body is yellowish-white with shades of brown. Compass jellyfish are saucer-bell-shaped, with 32 semicircular brown lobes along the entire edge. On the upper surface of the bell there are 16 V-shaped rays, also brown in color. The mouth opening is located in the center of the lower part of the bell, and is surrounded by four tentacles.
The scyphoid jellyfish Chrysaora, called sea nettle for obvious reasons and living in tropical seas, can cause heart failure, not to mention dermatitis and necrosis. Behind the jellyfish drifting on the waves stretches a long trail of thread-like tentacles, spread out so widely that you can literally get stuck in them without noticing the jellyfish’s bell itself, pulsating somewhere to the side. The venom of the stinging cells of Chrysaora hysoscella is potent and can cause painful, long-lasting wounds.
Medusa Cyanea
The poison of cyanide does not pose a mortal threat to humans, but can cause very severe burns and the appearance of a rash on the body at the point of contact with its poisonous tentacles.
Another one good news– jellyfish stings extremely rarely pose a threat to life. The bad news is that when a jellyfish stings, it leaves thousands of incredibly small stings in your body that cling to your skin and release venom. Most often, this poison causes mild discomfort or painful redness.
Non-dangerous jellyfish
The eared jellyfish is well known to everyone who has visited the Black Sea coast at least once. However, it is a pronounced cosmopolitan - widely distributed throughout the world and lives in coastal waters in almost all temperate and tropical seas of both hemispheres, even entering the Arctic regions. Sometimes these animals form huge aggregations.
The most probably harmless jellyfish, which, however, can cause trouble for allergy sufferers or if this jellyfish is smeared on the delicate tissues of the face and mucous membrane.
Jellyfish, also called "Live Fried Egg" is one of the most common types of Mediterranean jellyfish. It can also be found in the Adriatic and Aegean seas, this creature can reach decent sizes, up to 35 - 40 cm in diameter.
Unlike most other representatives of the cnidarian type, they are able to move autonomously, using only the power of underwater currents that pick up the “protein” of the jellyfish’s body. Cotylorhiza tuberculata has stinging cells that contain a toxic substance, as well as a very small sting; fortunately, such jellyfish are almost harmless to humans. However, one should not neglect caution; the reaction to the poison varies and sensitivity to it is individual.
, or phosphorus jellyfish, is a species of hydrozoan from the central and eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea.
This is the real queen of jellyfish. She carries her shining dome so gracefully. Of course, the hardest thing is to capture how the phosphorus jellyfish swims in the dark ocean water.
Previously, a rather rare visitor to the waters surrounding Greece. Last year recorded in many places. A jellyfish from the order Limnomedusae, which has a translucent body and a self-explanatory name - “Phosphoric Olindias” (Olindias phosphorica). The main feature of these unique animals is their “illumination”. When it comes into contact with human skin, the venom of these jellyfish leads to minor irritation. Most likely, such defenselessness, plus beauty, are the basis for the current paucity of the Phosphoric Olindias species.
Cornermouth jellyfish - the largest jellyfish in the Black and Mediterranean seas. Jellyfish belongs to the order Cornerota (lat. Rhizostomeae) and can reach 50-60 cm in diameter and weigh 10 kg.
This pelagic species is widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean, the eastern Mediterranean Sea (along the Adriatic coast) and the Black Sea. A convex umbrella and massive oral lobes with numerous processes give the jellyfish a characteristic appearance. Poisonous stinging cells are located on the lacy blades. The poison does not pose a serious danger to humans. Only in sensitive people, upon contact with the oral blades, severe irritation may occur, similar to a nettle sting, which disappears within a short time. This is probably why the jellyfish is also called sea nettle, zhigalka, and stinging nettle.
How does a jellyfish sting?
Most jellyfish hide in their seductive jelly-like body stinging cells - nematocytes, which produce the poison necessary for jellyfish to protect themselves from enemies and kill prey. Nematocytes contain the smallest intracellular structures - nematocysts (a capsule with a hollow thread twisted in it in the form of a spiral). When they touch a jellyfish, they act like a harpoon: they shoot, fix on the skin and inject nerve-paralytic poison into the victim’s body through a thin channel. Contact with tentacles separated from jellyfish can also be dangerous. After contact, the stinging cells remain on the skin and continue to release portions of poison, the person receives burns and severe pain, up to painful shock.
Symptoms of jellyfish stings
Symptoms of a jellyfish sting include obvious pain, which may exceed the shock of pain caused by multiple stings at once. After the initial pain, you may experience symptoms of a jellyfish sting such as itching, development of a rash, and large scarring. Depending on the type of jellyfish and the intensity of the sting, symptoms that may develop further may include:
- nausea and vomiting
- convulsions
- numbness
- muscle spasms
- diarrhea.
If a jellyfish sting is serious enough, it can even result in coma. Most poisonous species Jellyfish actually accumulate most of these symptoms and causes of death in just a few minutes. Fortunately, these are not found in Greece.
Preventing jellyfish stings
What can you do to avoid being stung by a jellyfish?
The first thing you need to do is follow simple safety rules:
- avoid meeting the jellyfish, in calm state she holds her tentacles, which can actually extend to a considerable distance;
- do not go into the water after a storm, there may be fragments of tentacles in the water;
- When diving underwater, it is better not to touch anything, even if you are wearing gloves.
So, preventing a jellyfish sting is the best treatment for a jellyfish sting, which always works: o). The first rule of jellyfish protection is to try to avoid areas of water where jellyfish are abundant.
If you do swim or bathe in areas infested with jellyfish, be sure to find out from local residents and hotel staff what type of jellyfish is there and how serious it is.
When swimming in areas with high jellyfish populations, it is advisable to wear as much protective equipment as possible, including a wetsuit, mask, gloves and fins.
Another valuable tip is to restrain yourself from the desire to touch a jellyfish, even a dead one. A dead jellyfish still retains the ability to sting.
First aid for a victim of a jellyfish sting
General practical advice for victims of contact with jellyfish stinging cells is as follows:
- Do not touch the jellyfish burn with your hands under any circumstances, and do not scratch the skin at the site of contact - it is likely that the stings are still in your skin, and scratching the bite site or simply touching it will only intensify the effect of the poison.;
- water this area of the body generously sea water while making a minimum of movements (as an alternative - washing the site of the jellyfish bite directly in the salt water of the sea), thus, some of the toxic substance and the remnants of the jellyfish tentacles will be washed away;
- Remember: what to do if you are stung by a jellyfish What you can’t do is wash the jellyfish sting with fresh water, because it helps release toxins!
- promptly contact any medical center located nearby, where you will receive qualified assistance using special medications;
- you can apply ice to the inflamed area of skin, which will significantly reduce the pain from a jellyfish burn;
- Monitor the heart rate and breathing of victims - some patients may experience allergic reactions and painful shock.
More detailed rules for providing first aid if you are stung by a jellyfish are as follows:
- If you are stung by a jellyfish, you need to get out of the water. Even though Mediterranean jellyfish do not pose a threat to life, after contact with a jellyfish you should immediately get out of the water and begin treating the area that received the jellyfish burn.
If a jellyfish stings a child or the elderly, allergy sufferers, as well as those who have problems with cardiovascular or respiratory systems, you need to be very careful. If such people are stung by a jellyfish, they may experience painful shock. - Clean and rinse the area of the jellyfish burn. After the victim of a jellyfish sting is on the shore, you must immediately get rid of the remnants of the jellyfish’s tentacles. Under no circumstances should you clean the wound. with bare hands so as not to get a new jellyfish burn.
While removing the remaining tentacles, remain as still as possible, try to calm down as much as possible. The more you move in the process of removing the remaining tentacles, the more poison will spread throughout your body.
Use a credit card or razor to lift and remove the stings from the skin. Be as gentle as possible and try to apply the credit card at a 30-degree angle. Additional irritation on the skin can be caused by capsules located in the tentacles (they are called “nematocysts”). These capsules increase pain.
The tentacles of a jellyfish can separate from its body and get stuck in the skin. Their number can be measured in thousands. And like any good defense mechanism, they will sting you until you remove them.
If you don't have a credit card (or any plastic card) or a razor at hand, try a non-standard approach using other things. Use a damp towel or gloved hands and try to pull the tentacles out of the victim's affected skin. Do not touch the tentacles with your bare hands. They can sting even after they have separated from the jellyfish. - Apply the lotion to the site of the jellyfish sting. If you have a first aid kit with you, and in it apple cider vinegar, alcohol or ammonia, - you need to make a lotion. A lotion for a jellyfish burn will help remove toxins - this is indicated in the vast majority of recommendations I found on the Internet..
But it must be said that some researchers believe that using vinegar can increase the amount of poison released by nematocysts by 50%
I came across many recommendations online: to neutralize a jellyfish sting, you can treat it with fresh human urine (by the way, information regarding the effectiveness of vinegar is ambiguous - see the opinion of British doctors below). - Treat the jellyfish burn area. After neutralizing the jellyfish venom, the burn needs to be treated for inflammation and itching. The ideal option is a gel or cream with hydrocortisone, it will reduce swelling. Preparations and creams for insect bites will help relieve skin itching. For example, gels with antihistamine and anti-inflammatory properties: “Psilo-balm”, “Fenistil-gel”, “Aloe Vera”.
- Drink a lot. A victim of a jellyfish sting is advised to drink plenty of fluids.
- Contact your doctor. After providing first aid, you must definitely consult a doctor, since some types of jellyfish can be very dangerous, and a jellyfish sting can lead to complications or an allergic reaction.
To clean the wound, you can use napkins or a cotton swab. Tongs, a knife, or a couple of clean sticks can be useful tools in removing jellyfish tentacles.
Discard any materials that have come into contact with jellyfish nematocysts. Reduce the likelihood of an accidental repeated “bite” to zero.
The simplest and quick way- this is to wash the jellyfish burn with salt water or soda solution. Under no circumstances use fresh water for this, it will only activate the stinging cells.
How to treat a jellyfish sting with baking soda
The most ideal treatment for jellyfish stings without the use of drugs is to create a paste using baking soda and salt water. In Greek, soda also sounds like soda (μαγειρική σόδα). The most popular brand is "Σόδα Μαγειρική Ήλιος" soda.
Mix baking soda and water until you get a thick and sticky mixture and apply it to the area of skin affected by the jellyfish sting. Allow the paste to dry and then slowly clean the bite area. While there may be some discomfort from "waxing" some of your hair, you will experience the positive effects of the baking soda and seawater paste cleaning out deeply damaged skin cells.
This cannot be done!
- Apply rich cream and any types of oils to the burned area of skin.
- Cauterize the inflamed area with alcohol-containing solutions for “disinfection”, incl. iodine and brilliant green.
- Rubbing, scratching, scratching or any other irritating effect on the skin at the burn site.
- Panthenol is not used - it is intended to treat thermal burns, not chemical burns of jellyfish.
- Do not treat jellyfish burns with urine. Contrary to popular belief, urine does not help relieve the pain of a jellyfish sting. Contained in urine chemical substances cannot neutralize jellyfish venom, and therefore do not reduce pain. More suitable for these purposes sea water or vinegar. I would like to note that the Internet provides conflicting information regarding vinegar, alcohol and urine. Common sense dictates that they should be used only as a last resort. If you decide to use them, start with small area affected skin. If the pain intensifies, stop self-medication and consult a doctor.
A little about medical care and rescue services in Greece.
Emergency phone number 112 or 199.
Remember, in Greece there is no special rescue service; its functions are performed by local firefighters. Most of them know how to provide first aid, but don't count on it too much. In any case, call 199 (112) and try to report (in English or Greek) that trouble has happened to you. If something happens, they will call and “ ambulance" on one's own.
| Police | 100 |
| Ambulance EKAB (ΕΚΑΒ) | 166 |
| Fire department service-service salvation | 199 |
| Coast security | 108 |
| Road assistance | 10400 |
| Reference | 11888 |
| Air Police | 210 9642000 |
| Police - information | 1033 |
| Drug Abuse Service | 109 |
| Forest guard | 191 |
| Lifeline (type of helpline) - SOS | 175 |
| Information about hospitals, clinics, doctors, and pharmacies | 1434 |
| Tourist police | 171 |
| SOS Doctors (Athens) | 1016 |
| Road assistance | |
| Road assistance ΕΛΠΑ | 10400 |
| Road assistance Εxpress Service | 1507 |
| Interamerican Road Assistance | 1168 |
Perhaps this phrasebook will help you find a common language with your doctor:
Theme "At the doctor's"
Στο γιατρό
| I'm not feeling well | estAnume Ashima | Αισθάνομαι άσχημα |
| I'm sick | Ime Arostos(Arosta) | Είμαι άρρωστος (άρρωστη) |
| I need to go to the doctor | prEPi on pAO stoytO | Πρέπει να πάω στο γιατρό |
| Please give me the doctor's phone number or address | ParakalO, d'Oste mu totylEfono I yidEftynsi tu yatra | Παρακαλώ, δώστε μου το τηλέφωνο ή τη διεύθυνση του γιατρού |
| Please call a doctor (ambulance) | fonAkste, parakalO, tonyatrO (toastEnoforo) | Φωνάξτε, παρακαλώ, τον γιατρό (το ασθενοφόρο) |
| Invite a doctor home | zitYste naErty oyatrOs one hundred sleeps | Ζητήστε να έρθει ο γιατρός |
| Where can I find a doctor who speaks Ukrainian (Russian)? | pu na vro toyatro pu milai ukranika (rosika) | Πού να βρω το γιατρό που μιλάει ουκρανικά (ρωσικά); |
| Which doctor should I see? | Se pyo yatrO prEPi na pAO | Σε πιο γιατρό πρέπει να πάω; |
| Can I go to the doctor? | Boron on Bo standO | Μπορώ να μπω στο γιατρό; |
| Please wait a little | perimEnete ligAki, paracalO | Περιμένετε λιγάκι,παρακαλώ |
| Go to the office | perAste mEsa | Περάστε μέσα |
| What are you complaining about? | apo you ipoferete | Από τι υποφέρετε; |
| Tell me exactly where your pain is concentrated? | you sas poAi | Τι σας πονάει; |
| I don't feel well, I'm freezing | estAnome Ashima, estAnome rIgos | Αισθάνομαι άσχημα, αισθάνομαι ρίγος |
| What is your temperature? | you are a pirate O Ekhete | Τι πυρετό έχετε; |
| I have heat | Echo PirateO | Έχω πυρετό |
| I feel dizzy | HallIzome | Ζαλίζομαι |
| My ____ hurts... | me ponAi... | Με πονάει . |
| head throat heart stomach | t okefali mu olemOs ikardya toastAkhi | το κεφάλι μου ο λαιμός η καρδιά το στομάχι |
| I have a (severe) cough | Echo (dynato) in Ikha | "Έχω (δυνατό) βήχα |
| I got food poisoning | Epata dyilityrIasi | Έπαθα δηλητηρίαση |
| I'm sick | mu Erhete emetOs | Μου έρχεται εμετός |
| Have you been sick for a long time? | apo kero iste arostos | Από καιρό είστε άρρωστος; |
| When did you feel unwell? | pote estantiykate Ashima | Πότε αισθανθήκατε άσχημα; |
| This night, Last night a week ago | sImera tynIkhta htES tovrAdy prin myavd'omAd'a | Σήμερα Τη νύχτα Χτες το βράδυ Πριν μια βδομάδα |
| Have you been sick with anything recently? | prosfata Ikhate kapya arostya | Πρόσφατα είχατε κάποια αρρώστια; |