ivansychev February 13, 2017 at 11:42 am
The tallest skyscrapers in the world
- Urbanism
In the previous article we discussed. Unfortunately, now none of the high-rise buildings erected in the country is among the ten tallest buildings in the world. Therefore, until the completion of the construction of the Lakhta Center (hello to the commentators of the previous article), we will talk about skyscrapers in the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, China, the USA, Malaysia, Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Willis Tower
The oldest of the dozen currently existing tallest skyscrapers in the world was built in 1974 in Chicago. Its height is 442 meters without the spire, with the spire - 527 meters. In the Russian-language Wikipedia, the Willis Tower ranks 11th, but this is somewhat incorrect: the Lakhta Center, which has already been ranked 8th in the ranking, will be completed in 2018.Just think: in forty years, only nine skyscrapers in the world have surpassed the 108-story Willis Tower in Chicago, and in the United States this result was beaten only by the Freedom Tower, opened in 2014.
The design of the skyscraper was carried out by the architectural bureau Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, which later erected both the Freedom Tower and the tallest this moment building - Burj Khalifa in Dubai. The building was originally called the Sears Tower, and received the name Willis in 2009. The foundation of Willis Tower rests on concrete piles driven into solid rock. The frame consists of nine square "tubes" forming one large square at the base. Each such “pipe” consists of 20 vertical beams and many horizontal ones. All nine “pipes” are welded up to the 50th floor, then seven pipes go up to 66, by the 90th floor five remain, and the remaining two “pipes” rise another 20 floors. Exactly what it looks like is clear from a photograph from 1971.
A worker stands on the spire of a tower.
The Willis Tower in this photo is on the right, with two spiers.
Zifeng Tower
In Nanjing, China mid-19th centuries stood the Porcelain Pagoda, a Buddhist temple 78 meters high. Travelers described it as one of the wonders of the world. It was replaced by the Zifeng skyscraper.Construction of the 450-meter high-rise Zifeng building was completed in 2009. It is the business center of the city. It houses offices, shops, shopping centers, restaurants and an observatory. Total - 89 floors.
Work on the construction of the tower lasted only four years. During the process, the project was changed: the tower could have a height of 300 meters. For China, where the population density is extremely high, efficient use land is extremely important. The triangular construction site was used to the maximum: the skyscraper has a triangular base.
The architects' idea was to interweave motifs of Chinese dragons, the Yangtze River and green gardens. The river is the vertical and horizontal seams that separate the glass surfaces. These surfaces themselves, according to architectural thought, are a reference to dancing dragons. Vegetation and pools were placed inside the building.
View of the city from a spire on a skyscraper.
Petronas Towers
In the capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, skyscrapers called Petronas Towers were erected in 1998. The height of the two 88-story skyscrapers is 451 meters, including the spire.The skyscraper was built in the “Islamic” style; each building is an eight-pointed star with semicircular protrusions for stability. The construction site was changed after geological surveys. Initially, one skyscraper was supposed to stand on limestone, the other on rock, so one of the buildings could sag. The site was moved 60 meters. The foundation of the towers is the deepest concrete foundation at the moment: the piles are driven 100 meters into soft soil.
Construction was complicated an important condition: Only domestically produced materials could be used. Strong elastic concrete, reinforced with quartz and comparable in strength to steel, was developed especially for the building. The mass of the skyscraper was twice that of similar steel buildings.
The bridge between the twin towers is secured with ball bearings. Rigid fastening is impossible, as the towers sway.
The elevators in the building are two-story models designed by Otis. One cabin stops only on odd-numbered floors, the second - on even-numbered floors. This saved space inside skyscrapers.
International Commerce Center
The 118 floors of the Hong Kong International Commerce Center house offices, a hotel and shopping centers. The height of the building is 484 meters. Initially, they planned to build a skyscraper 574 meters high, but the project was changed due to a ban on the construction of buildings higher than Mount Victoria.Construction was completed in 2010, but there was no official opening: the building was already in full use by tenants. The 102nd to 118th floors are the highest above ground level hotel operated by the Ritz-Carlton. On the last, 118th floor, there is the world's highest swimming pool.
The building can withstand earthquakes up to magnitude seven and has fire-protected floors. After the attack on the Twin Towers in New York, the design of the building was modified so that it could withstand a direct hit from an airplane.
Thanks to its silhouette, the skyscraper received the name “opener”. The trapezoidal opening at the top was supposed to be spherical, but the Chinese government forced the design to be changed so that the building did not resemble the rising sun on the Japanese flag. Such changes made it possible to reduce the cost and simplify the design. This is how the upper part of the building was planned:
Here's what happened as a result:
Taipei 101
The capital of Taiwan, Taipei, boasts a skyscraper more than half a kilometer high. Together with the spire, the height of Taipei 101 is 509.2 meters, and the number of floors is 101.For some time, Taipei 101 was also distinguished by the fastest elevators in the world: they rise at a speed of more than 60 kilometers per hour, or 16.83 meters per second. People rise from the fifth to the eighty-ninth floor in 39 seconds. Now the new record belongs to the Shanghai Tower.
On the 87th and 88th floors there is a 660-ton steel pendulum ball. This architectural solution was made not only to decorate the interior. The pendulum allows the building to compensate for gusts of wind. The durable but not rigid steel frame can withstand the strongest earthquakes. These solutions, together with a foundation of piles one and a half meters in diameter driven 80 meters into the ground, made the building one of the safest in the world. On March 31, 2002, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake destroyed two cranes on the building, killing five people. There was no damage to the tower itself. But there is a theory that it was the skyscraper that activated the seismic activity.
Freedom Tower
World Trade Center 1 in Manhattan, New York, has surpassed its pursuer, Taipei 101, in terms of spire by 32 meters, although if we count the distance from the ground to the roof, the American Freedom Tower, on the contrary, is inferior to the Taiwanese tower by 37 meters. The height of the World Trade Center is 1 - 541.3 meters on the spire and 417 on the roof.The building stands on the site occupied by the twin towers of the World Trade Center, destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. When designing WTC1, past experience was taken into account, and the lower 57 meters were constructed using concrete instead of the standard steel structure.
The building officially opened on November 3, 2014. It is occupied by offices, retail spaces, restaurants and the City Television Alliance.
Royal Clock Tower
In Mecca in Saudi Arabia, in 2012, a complex of high-rise buildings, the Tower of the House, was built opposite the entrance to the al-Haram mosque, where the main shrine of Islam, the Kaaba, is located. The tallest building in the complex is the Royal Clock Tower Hotel, 601 meters high. It is designed to accommodate up to one hundred thousand pilgrims out of the five million people who visit Mecca annually. The Royal Clock Tower is the third tallest building in the world.On the tower at a height of 400 meters there are four dials with a diameter of 43 meters. They are visible from any part of the city. This is the highest altitude clock in the world at the moment.
The length of the spire at the top of the hotel is 45 meters. The spire contains 160 loudspeakers for the call to prayer. The 107-ton crescent at the very top of the building has several rooms, one of which is a prayer room.
The tower contains 21 thousand flashing lights and 2.2 million LEDs.
Shanghai Tower
The second tallest skyscraper is located in China. This is the Shanghai Tower, a 632-meter-tall building adjacent to another skyscraper on the list - the Shanghai World Financial Center. Offices, retail and entertainment centers, hotel.The elevators in the building were developed by Mitsubishi Electric. Their speed is 18 meters per second, or 69 kilometers per hour. These are currently the fastest elevators in the world. There are three such elevators in the building, and four more two-story elevators reach a speed of 10 meters per second.
Beautiful view You shouldn't expect it from the windows of a skyscraper. The building has double walls and has a second shell designed to maintain temperature.
The tower has a twisted design, which adds stability to combat wind.
From this angle, a spiral gutter is visible to collect rainwater used for heating and air conditioning.
Burj Khalifa
Opened in 2010 in Dubai, UAE, the Burj Khalifa tower has surpassed all existing skyscrapers and is still the leader in height.The tower was designed by the architectural firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, which created the Willis Tower and 1 World Trade Center, which we previously discussed. The construction of the Dubai Tower was carried out by Samsung, which also participated in the construction of the Petronas Towers. There are 57 elevators in the building, they must be used with transfers - only one service elevator can go up to the top floor.
The tower houses the Armani Hotel, designed by Giorgio Armani himself, apartments, offices, shopping centers, fitness centers and observation decks with Jacuzzis. Indian billionaire B.R. Shetty completely purchased two floors, including the hundredth, at a cost of more than 12 million US dollars each.
As with the Petronas Towers, the world's tallest skyscraper developed its own special type of concrete. It can withstand temperatures up to 48 degrees Celsius. During construction, concrete was laid at night, adding ice to the solution. The builders did not have the opportunity to secure the foundation in the rocky soil, and they used two hundred piles 45 meters long and 1.5 meters in diameter.
If the Shanghai Tower has a gutter to collect rainwater, then in the case of the Burj Khalifa Tower such an approach is not needed: there is little rainfall in the desert. Instead, the building has a condensate collection system that can collect up to 40 million liters of water per year for watering plants.
During the filming of Mission: Impossible - Ghost Protocol, Tom Cruise decided to climb the tower to write Katie Holmes' name there and get a great shot.
Planned buildings
At the moment, there are only two building projects that can rank first in the ranking of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.At 828 meters high, the Burj Khalifa seems less impressive compared to the Dubai Creek Harbor Tower project. Its roof height will be 928 meters - that is, it will already beat the current record by 100 meters. And the height of the spire will exceed a kilometer - it will reach 1014 meters. But this is not certain - the parameters of the building are kept secret. Like the Eiffel Tower, the Dubai Creek Harbor Tower will be open for World Expo 2020 if all goes according to plan. The foundation was laid on October 10, 2016.
People - strange creatures. We always want to surpass each other, do something better than others, improve. We constantly test the limits of our capabilities, the limits of the laws of physics, the limits of human nature itself. When it comes to architecture, man always tries to surpass the heights achieved. New building materials, new designs allow us to reach new and new heights, and in the literal sense. It's no coincidence that buildings are getting taller and taller, and the planet's most indescribably tall skyscrapers have been built within the last twenty-five years. We present to your attention a list of the fourteen tallest skyscrapers on the planet.
14. Jin Mao Tower - Shanghai, China: 420.62 m
Reaching a height of 421 meters, the Jin Mao Tower skyscraper was built in 1999. The building includes office space, a hotel, a shopping center, restaurants, night club and an observation deck. Its largest tenant is the Hyatt Hotel, which occupies 30 floors and offers visitors a piano bar, cafes, upscale restaurants and bars, fitness center services, access to a swimming pool and a private express elevator.
13. Trump International Hotel - Chicago, USA: 423.3 m
Built in 2009, the building includes a residential building and a luxury hotel. The skyscraper reaches 423 meters in height and cost its owners $847 million. The building was built on the site of the old Chicago Sun Times building, near the local river, in downtown Chicago. In addition to the hotel, there is a restaurant and spa on the sixteenth floor, as well as an outdoor area that will give you unforgettable views of the city.
12. Guangzhou International Financial Center - Guangzhou, China: 438.9 m
The 103-story skyscraper was constructed in 2010 at a cost of $280 million. This is first of all office building, the upper floors of which serve as the location of the Four Seasons Hotel and observation deck. This building was originally known as Guangzhou West Tower. In addition, its owners had plans to rebuild an even taller building, but they were not successful.
11. KK100 - Shenzhen, China: 441.6 m
Formerly known as Kingkey 100, this skyscraper reaches a height of almost 442 meters. This mixed-use building houses office space and a six-star business hotel. It also has a garden, many restaurants, luxury shops, supermarkets and an IMAX cinema. The construction of this building was completed in 2011.
10. Willis Tower - Chicago, USA: 441.96 m
Formerly known as the Sears Tower, Willis Tower reaches a height of 442 meters. This is the only building on our list built before 1998. The skyscraper was built in 1973 and cost $150 million. It was the first building in the world to be constructed using the tubular construction method. This is what allowed the skyscraper to be built to such a height. And although it is now only in tenth place on our list, there was a time when it was considered the tallest skyscraper in the world.
9. Zifeng Tower - Nanjing, China: 451.1 m
This 450-meter, 89-story skyscraper was opened in 2010. There is a huge number of retail and office premises, a hotel, restaurants and open air Observation deck. It took five years to rebuild this building. 54 lifts and elevators are used to service it.
8. Petronas Tower 1&2 - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: 452 m
From 1998 to 2004, the Twin Petronas Towers were considered the tallest buildings in the world. The premises were rented by such large companies as Reuters, Microsoft, AVEVA. The construction of these two giants required about 1.6 billion dollars. Their height was 452 meters. Petronas Tower 1 is wholly owned by Petronas and its subsidiaries. It connects to the second skyscraper via an overhead passage located on the 41st and 42nd floors. The first few floors of skyscrapers are occupied by businesses retail. In addition, you can find an art gallery, an aquarium and a research center.
7. International Commerce Center - Hong Kong: 484 m
This 118-story skyscraper reaches 484 meters in height. It was built in 2010, eight long years after construction began. It is currently the tallest building in Hong Kong and the fourth tallest in China. The building houses the five-star Ritz Carlton hotel, there is an outdoor observation deck and a swimming pool located on the 118th floor.
6. Shanghai World Financial Center - Shanghai, China: 491.95 m
This skyscraper cost its owners $1.2 billion. This is a multifunctional building that includes office space, a hotel, a museum, parking, shops and several observation decks. It opened in 2008 and at that time was considered the tallest building in the world.
5. Taipei 101 - Taipei, Taiwan: 508.7 m
Built in 2004, this skyscraper consists of 101 floors containing office space, shopping malls, eateries and observation decks. The building was designed by LEEDS Platinum Certified and has a number of interesting features, including the world's fastest elevator, the world's largest countdown clock, the world's tallest sundial and the world's largest pendulum damper. The skyscraper reaches 509 meters in height and costs about 1.8 billion dollars.
4. One World Trade Center - New York, USA: 541.3 m
This skyscraper is planned to be completed by the end of this year on the site of the former World Trade Center buildings. The building will reach a height of 540 meters and will be intended primarily for office space. The total cost of its construction was $3.9 billion. When completed, it will be one of the tallest buildings in the United States.
3. Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel - Mecca, Saudi Arabia: 601 m
Officially known as Abraj Al-Bait, the Makkah Royal Clock Tower rises 601 meters above the ground. It was completed in 2012, after eight years of extensive construction. At the top of the building is a four-sided clock, which is considered the tallest clock in the world. They can be seen from a distance of 26 kilometers. During the construction of the skyscraper, two fires occurred, but, fortunately, no one was injured.
2. Shanghai Tower - Shanghai, China: 631.8 m
Shanghai Tower is the tallest building in Asia and cost $4.2 billion to build. Upon completion of construction work, the skyscraper will reach a height of 632 meters and have 121 floors. The building project was developed back in 1993, but subsequently it was planned to introduce a number of environmental features, which slowed down the start of its construction. The building will be put into operation in 2015.
1. Burj Khalifa - Dubai, United United Arab Emirates: 828.1 m
Since 2010, this building has been considered the tallest structure in the world. The 163-story skyscraper reaches a height of 828 meters. The construction of the building cost $1.5 billion. You can find apartments, office space, hotels, corporate suites and restaurants here. The building received infinite set awards thanks to its special design.
The most outstanding marvels of engineering in modern architecture!
10. Gherkin, London
30 Mary Ax, known as the Gherkin, rises in London's main financial district. The 40-story building reaches a height of 180 meters. The building uses energy-saving electrification methods, allowing it to use half the energy that a structure of this scale would typically require. The headquarters of the reinsurance company Swiss Re is located within the walls of the skyscraper.
9. Bank of China Tower, Hong Kong
The most recognizable building in the skyscraper capital of the world, Hong Kong. Reaching a height of 305 meters, from 1989 to 1992 it was the tallest building in all of Asia. Elements external design skyscrapers resemble bamboo - a symbol of longevity and prosperity. True, Feng Shui practitioners criticized the skyscraper for its sharp lines. A small observation deck is open on the 43rd floor of the building.
8. Willis Tower, Chicago
108-story skyscraper in Chicago. When it opened in 1973, it was the tallest building in the world, surpassing the World Trade Center in New York. The observation deck on the 103rd floor of the skyscraper is Chicago's most famous landmark. On a clear day, you can see not only all of Chicago from there, but also the opposite shore of Lake Michigan. Before its renaming in 2009, the skyscraper was called the Sears Tower.
7. Shanghai World Financial Center, Shanghai
The 101st floor of the Shanghai World Financial Center houses offices, hotels, observation decks and shops. In 2007, the skyscraper reached a height of 492 meters, becoming the tallest building in all of China, including Hong Kong. The most characteristic its design has a huge “hole” at the top. Initially, this element was planned to be made round, but this caused a number of protests due to the fact that this design was too similar to the rising sun on the Japanese flag. In the final version, the circle was replaced with a trapezoid, thanks to which, according to many, the skyscraper resembles a giant bottle opener.
6. Taipei 101, Taiwan
The skyscraper, reaching a height of 508 meters, was the tallest building in the world until 2007, when it was overtaken by the Burj Khalifa in Dubai. The special design of the skyscraper allows it to withstand typhoons and earthquakes, which are not uncommon in Taiwan. The number of floors in the building - 101 - is timed to coincide with the meeting of the new century, at the beginning of which the skyscraper (100+1) was erected.
5. Chrysler Building, New York
Art Deco skyscraper in eastern Manhattan. Its height is 319 meters; for 11 months, until the construction of the Empire State Building in 1931, it was the tallest building in the world. It is a classic example of Art Deco architecture and is considered by many modern architects to be the most beautiful building in all of New York.
4. Burj Khalifa, Dubai
The tallest building on the planet and the main attraction of Dubai rises to an unprecedented height: 818 meters. The lower 37 floors are occupied by the Armani Hotel. From the 45th to the 108th floor there are luxury apartments, and the most top part The building is reserved for offices. The observation deck, which offers a breathtaking view of ultra-modern Dubai, is located on the 124th floor of the skyscraper.
3. Petronas Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur
Until 2004, these skyscrapers in the capital of Malaysia were the tallest buildings in the world, until they were overtaken by the Taipei 101 skyscraper. Be that as it may, they remain the tallest twin buildings in the world to this day. Their most famous feature is the “sky bridge” connecting the buildings at the 42nd floor level. It is built in such a way that, if necessary, it can be “pulled” inside buildings to protect it from possible hurricanes. The bridge plays an important role in the security system: if an emergency occurs in one of the buildings, people can quickly evacuate to the neighboring tower.
2. Burj Al Arab, Dubai
One of the tallest and most fashionable hotels in the world, the very appearance of which evokes associations with luxury and beautiful life. It reaches a height of 321 meters. Located on an artificial island 280 meters from the coast. Not everyone can afford to enter its territory: one night in a hotel costs from 1.5 to 30 thousand dollars!
1. Empire State Building, New York
Although the Empire State Building has not been the tallest building in the world for many decades, it still remains one of the most recognizable symbols of New York. For 40 years, he held the world palm in height. It was erected in 1931 during the Great Depression, and for many years most of its offices sat empty. Until 1950, the skyscraper did not bring benefits to its owners. The building houses one of the most visited observatories in the world, offering spectacular 360-degree views of New York City!
The foundation for the beginning of the era of skyscraper construction was laid back in 1852, when an unknown American Elisha Otis, who worked as a mechanic at a factory producing bed frames, received from the management a difficult task: to design a lift that could lift heavy loads to a height. Unfortunately, the technologies that existed then were no good.
For example, the ropes of the same elevators constantly broke. Therefore, it was necessary to invent something completely new. And a solution was found! Otis decided to attach the ropes to the cab using a conventional power spring. This meant that if the rope suddenly broke, the spring would contract and throw out the catchers, which stopped the cabin on the rails. His ingenious discovery and the already widespread load-bearing metal frames did their job: the houses began to grow upward. The boom in the construction of high-rise buildings has not stopped since the beginning of the era of urbanization to this day.
Wonders of modern architecture
America could boast of one of the first tallest skyscrapers in the history of mankind, if not for an unfortunate error in the documentation. In 1912, Wichita Falls planned to build a 480-foot-tall building, but the contract mistakenly specified inches instead of feet. The result was a 4-story building with a height of only 12 m. Now it is jokingly called the smallest skyscraper on the planet. And the palm invariably belongs to the high-rise buildings of the United Arab Emirates.
The largest skyscraper in the world - Burj Khalifa
The recognized record holder among the largest skyscrapers in the world is the Burj Khalifa. The building was erected from 2004 to 2010 in the emirate of Dubai. 163 floors (of which 160 are residential), height 829.8 m, internal area 340,000 sq.m., budget 1.5 billion US dollars. It truly was the greatest construction project of the century! The building has a separate entrance to residential apartments. 900 apartments are located from 44 to 72 and from 77 to 108 floors. On the hundredth floor there are only 3 apartments of approximately 500 sq.m. each. All of them belong to Indian billionaire B.R. Shetty. The design of the skyscraper harmoniously combines characteristic Arabic elements and unique futuristic finds. The grandeur and scale of the skyscraper cannot be described in words or captured in photographs. This is truly a world landmark and miracle modern architecture. And yes, in the movie “Mission: Impossible 4” Tom Cruise desperately climbed to the top.
The second largest skyscraper in the world - Abraj al-Bayt
The second largest in the world is Abraj al-Bayt, located in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. This is a whole complex of buildings accommodating 20 shopping centers, apartments for permanent residence, a hotel and 2 velodromes. In total, 100,000 people can fit inside the building, which is a whole city. However, this complex is considered second only in terms of height. The world's tallest mass of structures, the world's tallest clock tower, which has the largest dial on the planet, the world's largest floor area - these are the records this amazing pearl of the East can boast of.
Large-scale skyscraper - Dubai set “Princess Tower”
If we talk not about multifunctional, but about exclusively residential skyscrapers in the world, the largest is the Dubai “Princess Tower” complex, listed in the Guinness Book of Records. The 101st floor of the building rises 413.4 meters above the ground. At its top there is a “crown”, which is how it got its name. The complex also houses restaurants, shops, gyms, a swimming pool and even a sauna. All this is provided for maximum comfort of residents. According to rough estimates, the construction of this magnificence took about 210 million dollars. Construction took 6 years.
Unusual skyscraper “Eureka” in Melbourne
Another unusually beautiful residential skyscraper is located in the Australian city of Melbourne and bears the symbolic name “Eureka” - in honor of the Eureka miners’ uprising. 84 of the 91 floors are residential. The total height of the building is 297 m, but the observation deck is located slightly lower - 285 m above ground level. It offers such an amazing view of the city that it will simply take your breath away! The most amazing thing is that this platform is made in the form of a glass cube, which can extend out from the wall of the building by 3 m, which gives visitors an incredible feeling of flight. However, not everyone dares to enter it. The design of the skyscraper is not only beautiful and memorable, but also perfect from a technological point of view. All structures are so well thought out that they are not afraid of hurricanes or earthquakes. Therefore, contrary to popular myth, candle buildings can be much safer than standard buildings.
The largest private house in the world
Interesting architectural solutions are also found among private houses. For example, one Indian businessman named Mukesh Ambani built his own 27-story building with a height of 173 m in Mumbai. The building is equipped with 9 elevators, a car service center, a spa salon, several swimming pools, a theater and even three helipads, which have their own flight control center. To maintain this house, 600 permanent workers were hired.
The largest and most beautiful skyscraper in the world is the Chicago residential complex “Aqua”
Not only designers and technologists, but also architectural designers are racking their brains over the construction of skyscrapers. Therefore, these buildings are distinguished not only by the number of meters, but also by their outstanding design. The Chicago residential complex “Aqua” is among the most beautiful residential skyscrapers in the world. Its height is 250 m. The facade of the building is decorated with smooth protrusions reminiscent of the outlines of lakes, the water for which is the glare from the windows. A pleasant moment for lovers of nature and all life on Earth is the fact that the design and construction of the skyscraper is recognized as environmentally sustainable.
State-of-the-art Trump Tower
“Aqua” is not the only pride of Chicago architects. The ultra-modern Trump Tower deserves special attention. Of the 96 floors, 60 (from 29 to 89 inclusive) are residential. On the highest of the above-ground 89th floors of the skyscraper is the residence of Donald Trump, whose area is as much as 1,300 sq.m. The tycoon paid $28 million for this pleasure. The design highlight of the project are the huge (from floor to ceiling) windows along the entire perimeter of the building's façade. Trump Tower is served by 27 high-speed elevators. However, not only people, but also their pets live very well there. They have their own private territory for walking.
From heaven to earth...
However, please note that among the largest skyscrapers in the world there are practically no premises intended for permanent long-term habitation of people. And this is not without reason. Unfortunately, height is not only beautiful and exciting, because there are other important factors. For example, pressure changes, reduced water pressure on the top floors or queues in the elevator. And also, increased fire and terrorist danger. But, you must admit, you completely forget about this when you admire the photos of the largest skyscrapers in the world. There are no skyscrapers in Voronezh, but there are high-rise buildings - the Lastochkino residential complex and the Mopra residential complex.
Watch an interesting video.
Since ancient times, man has strived to reach the sky. High buildings they amaze not only with their grandeur, but also with their technical novelty. Stunning skyscrapers decorate cities and become their main attractions.
The tallest skyscraper in the world - Burj Khalifa
The tallest skyscraper in the world is the Burj Khalifa in Dubai. This skyscraper is shaped like a stalagmite and rises 828 meters above the ground. The building has 163 floors and houses 9 hotels and an entire fountain system just like in Las Vegas. The total cost of the skyscraper is 4.1 billion dollars. The author of the project is the American architect Andrian Smith. The first 37 floors house hotels, while floors 45 to 108 house luxury apartments. A large area of the building is dedicated to offices, and on the 123rd and 124th floors there is a lobby and observation deck. It was specially designed for the skyscraper the new kind concrete that can withstand temperatures up to +50 degrees. This concrete is poured only at night, and ice is added to the solution. Visitors and residents can move between floors only with transfers.
The observation deck, called At the Top, is located on the 124th floor of the building. Average duration The excursion is about an hour, during which time you can fully enjoy the views of the city. Tickets for the site are sold on the ground floor of the skyscraper and cost a little more than $30.
The tallest skyscraper in Russia
The tallest skyscraper in Russia - Federation Tower The tallest skyscraper in Russia is the Federation Tower. It is located on the territory of the Moscow international business center. The height of the skyscraper is 373.7 meters. This is a complex of two buildings, where the tallest is the East Tower. It has 95 floors and is not only the tallest skyscraper in Russia, but also in all of Europe. The Complex houses many offices and apartments. On the 6th floor there is an atrium containing offices and a shopping gallery.