Sniper rifle SIDS
In 1991, the designers of the Izhmash plant modified the SVD sniper rifle, as a result of which a new version of the SVDS appeared. Unlike the SVD, the SVDS has an improved gas exhaust unit, a flame arrester, and a more massive barrel. Despite all positive traits The SVD did not meet the requirements of the airborne troops in such an important technical parameter as the overall length of the rifle.
A sniper performing a parachute drop, loaded with equipment, was unable to carry a long sniper rifle due to the risk of being injured or even killed upon landing. Therefore, after landing, the sniper had to look for his weapon, which was landed separately. And with the beginning of hostilities in Afghanistan, there was a conversation among the military that the SVD needed to be made even more compact, because the standard rifle did not fit well into the limited space of the infantry fighting vehicle.
This state of affairs in such highly mobile troops could not be tolerated, and the Main Artillery Directorate (GAU) initiated development work to modernize the Dragunov sniper rifle in order to reduce the linear dimensions of the weapon. Work on modernizing the SVD rifle was carried out simultaneously by two design groups. First, two working versions of the SVDS appeared - the Dragunov folding sniper rifle. One of them, with a 620 mm barrel, received the SVDS-A index, i.e. "army". Another with a barrel shortened to 590 mm was called SVDS-D - “landing”. It was decided to leave only the landing version with the name SVDS. Having retired from active design work, Dragunov was no longer able to complete the folding modification project. This work was completed by a team led by Azariy Ivanovich Nesterov, an experienced designer who had worked in the military-industrial complex for about 40 years by that time.
As a result of the work carried out, it became clear that the required length of the rifle in the stowed position can be obtained by slightly reducing the length of the barrel, using a folding stock and a compact flash suppressor. At this stage, a problem arose - how to maintain accuracy of fire from a rifle when changing its individual elements? It was necessary to solve a number important issues. Among them: reducing the length of the barrel with increasing its rigidity by increasing the outer diameter; development of a flame arrester of shorter length, but maintaining the effectiveness of flame suppression when fired and ensuring parameters for the level of sound impact on the shooter within the limits of a standard flame arrester; design of a folding stock.
The greatest difficulty among the above-mentioned works was the development of a folding stock with a rigidity comparable to that of a standard stock. It is known that any movable connection of two parts implies the presence of gaps in them and, accordingly, a decrease in the rigidity of the connection. The slight movement of parts and components of the weapon that occurs at the moment of firing from the action of recoil forces leads to a change in the average point of impact and, ultimately, loss of accuracy.
After working through several layout diagrams, the option of a butt attachment with a vertical hinge axis and a horizontal butt lock was chosen. The butt folds onto the right side of the receiver, which is more convenient for bringing the butt into a firing position compared to the AK74M assault rifle. The stock is made of steel pipes with a butt plate and cheek rest made of polyamide. The cheek rest is installed on the upper tube of the butt and can be rotated on it with the possibility of fixing in 2 positions: upper - when shooting using optical sight and lower - when shooting using a mechanical sight.
The SVDS stock folds onto the right side of the receiver. Thus, when folding the stock, there is no need to separate the optical sight. It becomes more convenient to place the rifle in the parachutist’s stowage when landing. The cheek rest can be fixed in two positions - for shooting with a mechanical sighting device and an optical sight. For ease of handling a sniper rifle on the march, during landing and transportation to various types military equipment (infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers, helicopters and others) the rifle butt is made of thermoplastic with a non-removable cheek piece folding on the right side. To accommodate the attachment points for the stock and pistol grip, the SVDS receiver has been modified in the rear in comparison with the SVD rifle. The trigger housing and trigger have undergone minor changes.
To simplify maintenance of the rifle in a combat situation, the operating mode of the gas outlet device was optimized, which made it possible to exclude the gas engine regulator from the design. Conducted research papers searching and testing the design of a flame arrester with small linear dimensions led to the choice of an option that is not inferior to the standard flame arrester both in terms of the degree of flame suppression and in terms of the level of sound pressure on the shooter’s hearing organs. The rifle is equipped with a mechanical (open) optical sight (PSO-1M2) or night sights: NSPUM (SVDSN2) or NSPU-3 (SVDSN3). The Dragunov sniper rifle with the prefix “C” was ahead of other army (including foreign) sniper analogues in its weight and size indicators.
Like the SVD, in the Western space the SVDS is considered an improved combat rifle, and not a sniper rifle (a high-precision rifle for professional snipers), that is, a Marksman rifle - a weapon of an infantry sniper (“Marksman”), occupying an intermediate position between conventional small arms and heavier high-precision bolt-action sniper rifles.
Technical characteristics of the SVDS rifle
- Caliber: 7.62×54R
- Weapon length: 1135/875 mm
- Barrel length: 565 mm
- Weapon width: 88 mm
- Weapon height: 175 mm
- Weight without cartridges: 4.7 kg.
- Magazine capacity: 10 rounds
Sniper rifles
Purpose
The 7.62 mm Dragunov sniper rifle is a sniper weapon and is designed to destroy various emerging, moving, open and camouflaged single targets.
The rifle is equipped with a PSO-1 sniper scope. The optical sight allows you to navigate at night using infrared sources, as well as when unfavorable conditions lighting, when it is difficult to shoot at targets with an open sight.
When observing infrared sources, the infrared rays emitted by the source pass through the scope lens and affect the screen located in the focal plane of the lens. At the location of the infrared rays, a glow appears on the screen, giving a visible image of the source in the form of a round green color.
For shooting from a sniper rifle, rifle cartridges with ordinary, tracer and armor-piercing incendiary bullets or rifle sniper cartridges are used.
Fire from a sniper rifle is carried out in single shots.
When firing, cartridges are supplied from a box magazine with a capacity of 10 rounds.
Combat properties of SVD
2. number of grooves
3. sighting range: with optical sight
with open sight
4. muzzle velocity
5. the flight range of a bullet up to which its lethal effect is maintained
6. weight of the rifle without a bayonet with an optical sight, an unloaded magazine and a cheek piece
7. magazine capacity
- 10 rounds
8. rifle length: without bayonet
with attached bayonet
9. cartridge weight
10. mass of an ordinary bullet with a steel core
11. mass of powder charge
12. optical magnification sight, multiple
13. field of view of the sight
14. exit pupil diameter
15. Eye relief
16. resolution
17. length of the sight with eyecup, extended hood
18. sight width
19. sight height
20. sight weight
21. weight of the sight with a set of spare parts and a cover
Design of the Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD)
A sniper rifle consists of the following main parts and mechanisms:
1-barrel with receiver, open sight and butt; 2-receiver cover; 3-return mechanism; 4-bolt frame; 5-bolt, 6-gas tube with regulator, gas piston and pusher with spring, 7-barrel lining; 8-trigger mechanism; 9-fuse; 10-store; 11-cheek butt; 12-optical sight; 13-bayonet knife.
The sniper rifle kit includes:
I-accessory; 2-bag for carrying an optical sight and magazines; 3-case for optical sight; 4-bag for carrying winter mesh lighting device and oil can.
The sniper rifle is a self-loading weapon. Reloading a rifle is based on the use of the energy of powder gases diverted from the barrel bore to the gas piston...
Purpose and design of accessories for a sniper rifle.
The accessory is used for disassembling, assembling, cleaning and lubricating a sniper rifle. Accessories include: 1 cleaning rod; 2-rubbing; 3-brush; 4-screwdriver; 5-punch; 6-penal; 7-oiler. Accessories (except for the oil can) are carried in a bag for the optical sight and magazines.
The cleaning rod is used to clean and lubricate the barrel, channels and cavities of other parts of the rifle. It consists of three links that are screwed together. On one link the ramrod has a head for connecting to the pencil case.
The wipe is intended for cleaning and lubricating the bore, as well as the channels and cavities of other parts of the rifle.
The brush is used to clean the bore with a RFS solution.
The screwdriver is used when disassembling and assembling the rifle, cleaning the gas chamber and gas tube, and also as a key when adjusting the position of the front sight in height. The hole in the middle is for a drift, used as a handle; for ease of use, the screwdriver is inserted into the side holes of the pencil case.
The drift is used to push out axles and studs.
The pencil case is used to store cleaning cloths, brushes, screwdrivers and drifts. The pencil case is used as a cleaning rod handle when cleaning and lubricating the rifle. The pencil case has two round holes for a cleaning rod and two oval holes for a screwdriver. The cover is used as a muzzle pad when cleaning the barrel.
The oil can is used to store lubricant.
Each sniper rifle comes with
a - a bag for carrying an optical sight and magazines; 1-pocket for an optical sight; 2-pocket for napkin; 3-pocket for light filter; 4-pocket for pencil case; 5-pockets for stores; 6- pocket for a screwdriver; 7 - pocket for cleaning rod
b.- cover for optical sight;
Spare parts, tools and accessories for the optical sight:
1 - rubber cap for the toggle switch;
2 - light filter;
3- napkin:
4 - case (protector) for spare light bulbs: 5 - spare light bulbs;
6 - spare batteries;
7 - screwdriver key
Purpose, design of SVD parts and mechanisms
1.Barrel with receiver, open sight and butt
A) The barrel serves to direct the flight of the bullet. Inside, the barrel has a channel with four rifling, winding from left to top to right, a chamber, a bullet entrance and a gas outlet.
On the outside, the barrel has: 1-front sight base: 2-gas chamber. 3-swivel; fixed part of the upper thrust ring: 5-moving part of the upper thrust ring; 6-upper thrust ring closure: 7-lower thrust ring: 8-sight block.
The base of the front sight has: 1- a stop for attaching a bayonet-knife 2- a slotted flash suppressor: 3- a groove for the front sight safety device: 4- a front sight safety device.
The gas chamber serves to direct powder gases from the barrel to the gas piston. An inclined hole is made inside the gas chamber. in the wall of the trunk. Consists of: 1-gas chamber: 2-gas tube latch.
The upper and lower thrust rings are used to attach the barrel linings. The lower thrust ring has barrel lining springs and a protrusion that prevents the linings from moving. The swivel is used to attach the belt carabiner to the rifle.
b) The receiver serves to connect the parts and mechanisms of the rifle, to ensure that the barrel bore is closed by the bolt and the bolt is locked; The receiver houses the bolt frame with the bolt and the trigger mechanism; it is closed with a lid on top.
The receiver has: 1-cutouts for “tyranny of the shutter; 2-bends; 3-cutouts in the folds; 4-reflective protrusion; 5-jumper; 6-axis jumper: 7-socket for placing the shutter frame with a spring; 8-cutout for magazine hook; 9-hole for fuse; 10-fixing recesses; 11 - receiver cover contact; 12-clamp of the contactor; 13-window for the store; 14-window for the trigger mechanism.
c) A mechanical (open) sight is used in case of damage (failure) of the optical sight. It consists of a sight and a front sight.
The sight consists of: 1-sight block: 2-rail; 3-yoke: 4-sector: 5-eye: 6-grevny sighting strap: 7-slot.
The sighting bar has a groove with a slot for aiming and cutouts for holding the clamp in the established position. On the sighting bar there is a scale with divisions from 1 to 12 and the letter P. The scale numbers indicate the firing range in hundreds of meters, P is a constant setting corresponding to sight 4.
The front sight is screwed into the fuse. On the fuse at the base of the front sight there are marks that determine the position of the front sight.
d) The butt serves for ease of operation of the rifle. The stock is connected to the receiver using a connecting screw and a screw.
The butt has: 1-cutout forming the handle: 2-cutout for the butt cheek lock fastener: 3-window for the swivel: 4-swivel: 5-metal butt plate.
2. Receiver cover.
The receiver cover protects the parts and mechanisms located in the receiver from contamination. It houses the return mechanism.
It has: 1-protrusion: 2-cutouts for the passage of cartridges thrown out; 3-liner: 4-axle hole: 5-lug with semi-circular notch: 6-cylindrical boss: 7-spring retainer.
3.Return mechanism.
The return mechanism serves to return the bolt frame with the bolt to the forward position.
It consists of: 1-two return springs; 2-guide bushing; 3-guide rod; 4-earring. 5-axis earrings
4. Bolt frame.
The bolt frame serves to activate the bolt and firing mechanism.
The bolt frame has: 1-channel for the return mechanism: 2-channel for the bolt: 3-protrusion; 4-grooves for the receiver bends: 5-protrusions, 6-protrusion for lowering the self-timer lever: 7-reloading handle: 8-figure protrusion: 9-groove for the barrel trigger column.
5.Shutter
The bolt serves to send the cartridge into the chamber, close the channel for breaking the primer and remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber.
It consists of: 1-gate frame; 2-drummer; 3-ejector; 4-spring; 5-axis ejector; 6-pin ejector; 7-cutout for the bottom of the sleeve; 8-cutout for ejector; 9-combat protrusions; 10-leading projection; 11-bevel; 12-longitudinal groove for reflective protrusion; 13-hole for the ejector axis; 14- firing pin; 15-ledge for hairpin; 16-ejector hook; 17-cut for the axle.
6.Gas tube with regulator, gas piston and pusher with spring.
The gas tube serves to direct powder gases from the barrel to the gas piston. An inclined hole is made inside the gas tube in the barrel wall. Outside the gas tube there is a tetrahedral thickening for the pencil case key.
Regulator has two settings, designated by numbers 1 and 2. It is installed on division 1 against the marks on the latch of the gas tube. If you shoot for a long time without cleaning and lubrication and there is a lot of wear on the parts, there may be a delay or incomplete release of the moving parts. In this case, the regulator is switched to setting 2. To do this, you need to insert the edge of the sleeve or cartridge into the hooks of the regulator and turn the regulator.
Rearranging the gas regulator
The gas piston is placed in a gas tube and serves to transmit the pressure of the powder gases to the pusher.
A pusher with a spring serves to pull the bolt frame back when firing.
The pushrod spring serves to return the pushrod and gas piston to the forward position.
7
.Barrel linings.
Barrel linings serve to protect the sniper’s hands from burns when shooting.
8.Trigger mechanism
The trigger mechanism is used to decock and cock the self-timer, to ensure single-fire, to stop firing, to prevent a shot when the bolt is unlocked, and to put the rifle on safety. 
The housing is used to house parts of the trigger mechanism.
The trigger with a mainspring is used to strike the firing pin. The trigger has a cocking mechanism with a groove for pulling the trigger.
The self-timer is used to automatically release the trigger from the self-timer cocking when firing, as well as to prevent the trigger from being released when the bolt is unlocked.
The sear serves to hold the trigger in the rearmost position after firing,
The trigger with a spring is used to remove the sear from under the cocking action.
1-body; 2-trigger; 3-mainspring; 4-self-timer; 5-sear; 6-trigger 7-trigger spring; 8- safety bracket; 9-window for the tail of the trigger; 10-hole for the trigger axis; 11-hole for the sear axis; 12-hole for the self-timer axis; 13-hole for the fuse axis; 14-hole for the trigger axis; 15-cutouts for the lintel axis; 16 combat platoon; 17-platoon self-timer; 18-sear self-timer; 19-self-timer lever; 20-sear hooks; 21-tail whispered; 22-trigger pull; 23-axis; 24-magazine latch; 25-hook for the end of the trigger spring; 26-shield limiter.
9. Fuse
The fuse serves to lock the sear and trigger and at the same time limit the rear movement of the bolt frame, thereby eliminating the possibility of an accidental shot, as well as to secure the trigger mechanism in the receiver.
1-axis; 2-thickened part of the axis; 3-axis protrusion; 4-shield; 5-cutout for the sear tail; 6-shield protrusion; 7-cutout for limiting the shield.
10.Shop.
The magazine is used to place cartridges and feed them into the barrel
1-body; 2-cover; 3-stop bar; 4-spring; 5-supplier; 6-folds; 7-hook; 8-support ledge; 9-protrusion feeder.
11.Butt cheek
The butt cheek is used for ease of operation of the rifle and is used only when shooting with an optical sight.
1-wooden base; 2-meat stuffing; 3-loop; 4-clasp; 5-clip clip.
12.Optical sight.
The optical sight is the main sight of a sniper rifle.
The optical sight consists of mechanical and optical parts.
a- left view; b- right; 
1-body; 2-bracket; 3-upper handwheel; 4-side handwheel; 5-retractable hood; 6-rubber eyecup; 7-clamp screw; 8-handle clamping screw; 9-engine; 10-adjusting nut; 11-pointer; 12-lens cap; 13-socket nut; 14-pshala; 15-connecting screw, 16-locking screw, 17-flag fluorescent screen; 18-case for battery; 19-cap with stop; 20-toggle switch; 21-light bulb; 22-stop; 23-wire; 24-pin screw.
The mechanical part of the sight includes:
1-body; 2-top and side handwheels; 3-sight reticle lighting device; 4-pull-out hood; 5-rubber eyecup and cap.
Frame serves to connect all parts of the sight on the rifle.
Upper handwheel serves to install the sight, the side handwheel is used to introduce lateral corrections. They are identical in design and have a handwheel housing, a spring washer, an end nut and a connecting screw. The two outer holes in the housing serve as locking screws.
On the body of the upper handwheel there is a main sight indicator with divisions from 1 to 10. The scale numbers indicate the firing range in hundreds of meters.
On the body of the side handwheel there is a scale of lateral corrections with divisions from O to 10 in both directions; The value of each division corresponds to one thousandth (0-01).
On the upper part of the handwheel housings there is an additional scale used when aligning the sight; the scale division value is 0.5 thousandths. The settings of the main scale of the upper handwheel up to division 3 are fixed after one division. From division 3 to division 10, the settings of this handwheel, as well as all settings of the side handwheel scale, are fixed every half division. On the end nuts of the upper and side handwheels, an arrow indicates the direction of rotation of the handwheels (“Up STP”, “Down STP”) - on the upper handwheel, (“Right STP”, “Left STP”) - on the side handwheel.
The reticle illumination device is used to illuminate the sight reticle when shooting at dusk and at night.
It consists: housing with contact screw; batteries; cap with stop; wires; light bulbs; toggle switch.
1-case for battery; 2-cap with stop; 3-shielded wire
To illuminate the sight reticle at temperatures from +2 and below, you must use a winter reticle illumination device.
The eyecup is designed for correct installation eyes and ease of aiming.
A retractable lens hood serves to protect the lens during inclement weather from rain, snow, and direct sunlight. sun rays when shooting against the sun and thereby eliminating reflections that unmask the sniper.
The rubber cap protects the lens from contamination and damage.
The optical part of the sight includes:
1-lens, 2-flip system; 3-grid; 4-luminescent screen; 5-eyepiece.
The lens is used to obtain a reduced and inverted image of the observed object. It consists of three lenses, two of which are glued together.
Wrapping system is intended to give the image a normal position. It consists of four lenses glued in pairs.
The sight reticle is used for aiming. It is made on glass mounted in a movable frame (carriage).
The main square for shooting. yesoam
Lateral correction scale
The scale of lateral corrections is indicated at the bottom with the number 10, which corresponds to ten thousandths, the distance between the vertical lines of the scale corresponds to one thousandth - 0-01.
Additional squares for long-range shooting
Rangefinder scale
The eyepiece is designed to view the observed object in a magnified and direct image. It consists of three lenses, two of them are glued.
The fluorescent screen is used to detect infrared light sources. It is a thin plate made of special chemical composition, which is laid between two glasses. The screen has a window with a light filter in the frame for charging the screen and a screen switching flag.
13. Bayonet knife
A bayonet is attached to a sniper rifle before an attack and is used to defeat the enemy in hand-to-hand combat. The rest of the time it is used as a knife, saw and scissors.
1-blade; 2-handle; 3-cutting edge, 4-saw; 5-cutting edge; 6-hole; 7-ring; 8-longitudinal groove; 9-latch; 10-safety ledge; 11-hole for belt; 12-metal tip; 13-pin connection screw.
The scabbard is used to carry a bayonet-knife on a belt; in addition, it is used in conjunction with a bayonet-knife for cutting wire.
1-protrusion-axis; 2-stop; 3-plastic body; 4-pendant with loop.
Incomplete disassembly and reassembly after incomplete disassembly
Disassembling a sniper rifle can be incomplete and complete :
incomplete – for cleaning, lubricating, inspecting the rifle
full – for cleaning when the rifle is heavily soiled, after leaving it in the rain or snow, when switching to a new lubricant and during repairs. Frequent disassembly of the rifle is not allowed, as it accelerates the wear of parts and mechanisms.
Disassemble and reassemble the rifle on a table or clean mat; Place parts and mechanisms in the order of disassembly, handle them carefully, do not place one part on top of another, do not use excessive force or sharp blows. When assembling a rifle, compare the numbers on its parts; The number on the receiver must correspond to the numbers on the bolt carrier, bolt, trigger mechanism, receiver cover, optical sight and other parts of the rifle.
Training in disassembly and assembly on combat rifles is permitted only in exceptional cases, subject to special care in handling parts and mechanisms.
Procedure for partial disassembly of a sniper rifle:
1. Separate the store. Hold the magazine with your right hand, pressing the latch with your thumb, move the bottom of the magazine forward and separate it. After this, check to see if there is a cartridge in the chamber, to do this, lower the safety down, pull the charging handle back, inspect the chamber and release the handle.
2. Separate the optical sight. Lift the handle of the clamping screw and turn it towards the eyecup until it stops, move the sight back and separate it from the receiver.
3.Separate the butt cheek. Turn the cheek lock clasp down, remove the loop from the hook and clip and separate the cheek.
4. Separate the receiver cover with the return mechanism. Turn the receiver cover lock back until it is locked into place, lift up the rear part of the receiver cover and separate the cover with the return mechanism.
5. Separate the bolt frame from the bolt. Pull the bolt frame back as far as it will go, lift it and separate it from the receiver.
6. Separate the bolt from the bolt frame. Pull the bolt back, turn it so that the leading lug of the bolt comes out of the figured cutout of the bolt frame and move the bolt forward.
7. Separate the firing mechanism. Turn the safety up to a vertical position, move it to the right and separate it from the receiver, holding the trigger guard and moving it downward to separate the trigger mechanism from the receiver.
8. Separate the barrel linings. Press the contactor of the upper thrust ring against the gas tube until the bend of the contactor comes out of the cutout of the ring and turn the contactor to the right until it stops; move the moving part of the upper thrust ring forward; pressing the barrel pad down and moving it to the side separate it from the barrel.
If it is difficult to separate the barrel linings, insert the cutout of the pencil case key into the window of the lining and move downwards and to the side to separate the barrel lining.
9. Separate the gas piston and pusher with the spring. Pull the pusher back, remove its front end from the piston seat and separate the piston from the gas tube; insert the front end of the pusher into the gas tube; press the pusher spring until it leaves the channel of the aiming block and separate the pusher with the spring, and then separate the spring from the pusher.
The procedure for assembling a sniper rifle after partial disassembly
- Place the spring on the rear end of the pusher; insert the front end of the pusher into the gas tube, tighten the spring and insert the rear end of the pusher with the spring into the channel of the aiming block; pull the pusher back and move its front end out of the gas tube to the side; insert the gas piston into the gas tube and the front end of the pusher into the piston socket.
- Attach the barrel linings. Insert the rear (widened) end of the right (left) barrel lining into the lower thrust ring with the cutout of the lining towards the sight and, pressing the lining down, attach it to the barrel; push the moving part of the upper thrust ring onto the tip of the linings and turn the closure of the upper thrust ring towards the gas tube until its bend enters the cutout on the ring.
- Attach the firing mechanism. Place the cutouts of the trigger mechanism housing behind the axis of the receiver jumper and press the trigger mechanism to the receiver; insert the fuse axis into the hole in the receiver; Turn the fuse to a vertical position, press it tightly to the receiver and turn down until the protrusion of the shield enters the lower locking recess of the receiver.
- Attach the bolt to the bolt frame. Insert the cylindrical part of the bolt into the frame channel; turn the bolt so that the leading protrusion fits into the figured cutout of the bolt frame, and push the bolt forward until it stops.
- Attach the bolt carrier to the bolt. While holding the bolt in the forward position, insert the guide protrusions of the bolt frame into the cutouts of the receiver bends, press the bolt frame against the receiver with a slight force and push it forward.
- Attach the receiver cover with the return mechanism. Insert the return mechanism into the bolt frame channel; compressing the return springs, insert the protrusions on the front end of the cover into the cutouts on the lower thrust ring; press the rear end of the cover until it is completely adjacent to the receiver; Turn the receiver cover lock forward until it engages the lock.
- Attach the butt cheek. Place your cheek on top part butt clasp to the right against the cutout for it; put the loop on the hook of the clip and turn the clasp up.
- Attach the optical sight. Align the grooves on the trailer bracket with the tabs on the left wall of the receiver; push the sight forward as far as it will go and turn the clamping screw handle toward the lens until its bend fits into the cutout on the bracket.
9. Attach the magazine. Insert the magazine hook into the receiver window and turn the magazine toward you so that the latch jumps over the magazine's support protrusion.
Connecting and unlocking the bayonet knife
1 .Connecting the bayonet-knife.
Remove the bayonet from the sheath; push it with the grooves onto the stop of the front sight base, and with the ring onto the flash suppressor until the latch is completely closed.
2 . Unlocking the bayonet. Thumb right hand press the latch, push the bayonet forward and separate it from the rifle, place the bayonet in the sheath.
Operation of parts and mechanisms of the Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD), during loading and shooting
Position of parts and mechanisms before loading
The bolt carrier with the bolt is in the extreme forward position; The bore is opened by a bolt. The bolt is rotated around the longitudinal axis to the left, its lugs are located in the cutouts of the receiver - the bolt is locked. Return springs have the least compression.
The gas piston and pusher are in the extreme forward position. The pusher spring is at its lowest preload.
The self-timer lever is turned forward and down under the action of the bolt frame protrusion and the self-timer is turned off.
The trigger is released and rests against the bolt. The hammer is moved forward under the action of the trigger. The mainspring is at its lowest compression; with its loop it presses the trigger to the bolt, with the long end it presses the tail of the sear against the stop, and with the short end it presses down on the tail of the self-timer.
The trigger is pulled forward under the action of a spring. The trigger spring presses in a loop on the rear end of the rod, and the rod with its upper plane with a hook rests against the sear jumper.
The fuse is in the uppermost position, closes the cutout in the receiver cover and limits the rearward movement of the bolt frame; the thickened part of the fuse axis is located under the shield stop and above the tail of the sear and prevents their rotation (locks the sear and trigger). Operation of parts and mechanisms during loading.
When attaching the magazine, its hook enters the cutout of the receiver, and the supporting protrusion slides over the latch and the magazine is held in the receiver window. The upper cartridge, resting against the bolt frame from below, lowers the cartridges somewhat into the magazine, compressing its spring.
When the safety is set to the “FIRE” position, a cutout opens for movement of the reloading handle, the tail of the sear and the trigger are released.
When the bolt frame is pulled back to the free stroke length, it, acting with the front bevel of the leading cutout on the leading lug of the bolt, turns the bolt to the right, the bolt lugs come out of the cutouts of the receiver - the bolt is unlocked; the protrusion of the bolt frame releases the self-timer lever, and the self-timer sear is pressed against the plane of the trigger under the action of the short end of the mainspring on the tail of the self-timer.
As the bolt frame is further retracted, the bolt moves back along with it, opening the barrel; the return springs are compressed; the trigger rotates back under the action of the protrusion and then the bevel on the groove of the bolt frame; the mainspring is twisted; the cocking cock of the trigger passes behind the hooks of the sear, and the self-timer sear jumps behind the self-timer cocking.
As soon as the lower plane of the bolt frame passes the window for the magazine, the cartridges, under the action of the magazine spring, rise to the top until the upper cartridge stops in the bend of the magazine wall.
The movement of the bolt frame with the bolt in the rearmost position is limited by the receiver cover liner.
When the bolt frame is released, it, together with the bolt, is fed into the front under the action of the return mechanism; The bolt rammer pushes the upper cartridge out of the magazine, sends it into the chamber and closes the barrel. When the bolt approaches the breech end of the barrel, the ejector hook jumps over the rim of the sleeve; The bolt, under the action of the bevel of the bolt protrusion, receives an initial rotation, and then, under the action of the figured cutout of the bolt frame moving in front of the leading protrusion, it rotates around its axis to the left; the lugs of the bolt enter into the cutouts of the receiver, and the leading lug of the bolt enters the straight section of the figured cutout of the bolt frame - the bolt is locked. When approaching the extreme forward position, the bolt frame with its protrusion rotates the self-timer lever forward and down, removing the self-timer sear from under the self-timer cocking of the trigger; The trigger rotates under the action of the mainspring and is cocked.
The cartridges in the magazine, under the action of a spring, rise upward until the upper cartridge stops in the bolt frame.
When the rifle is put on safety, the shield closes the cutout for the reloading handle and stands in the way of its backward movement, and the thickened part of the axis stands against the tail of the sear and the shield stop (locks the sear and the trigger).
Operation of parts and mechanisms during shooting.
To fire a shot, you must remove the rifle from the safety lock and pull the trigger.
When you press the tail of the trigger, it moves back along with the rod;
the rod hook turns the sear and disengages it from the cocking trigger. The trigger, under the action of the mainspring, rotates on its axis and vigorously strikes the firing pin. A shot occurs.
The bullet, under the influence of powder gases, moves along the bore; as soon as it passes the gas outlet, part of the gases rushes through this hole into the gas chamber and puts pressure on the gas piston, and the latter on the pusher.
The pusher, compressing its spring, hits the front platform of the bolt frame and throws the bolt frame and bolt back. Moving back, the bolt frame with the front bevel of the figured cutout turns the bolt around the longitudinal axis, and its lugs emerge from the cutouts of the receiver - the bolt is unlocked and the barrel channel is opened; the protrusion of the bolt frame releases the self-timer lever, and the self-timer sear is pressed against the plane of the trigger. By this time the bullet flies out of the barrel.
The gas piston and pusher move backward, compressing the pusher spring, until the pusher crown stops in the aiming block. Subsequently, the compressed spring of the pusher pushes the pusher and gas piston forward until the piston head stops at the end of the gas tube.
The bolt frame with the bolt continues to move backward by inertia; the cartridge case, held by the ejector hook, collides with the reflective protrusion of the receiver and is thrown out.
At the end of the turn, the trigger hits the front of the trigger rod, lowers it down and disconnects it from the sear, and then cocks the self-timer. The sear, under the action of the long end of the mainspring, returns to its original position - against the cocking of the hammer.
To fire the next shot, you must release the trigger and press it again. When the trigger is released, under the action of the trigger spring, together with the rod, it will move forward and the hook of the rod will jump over the sear jumper, and when the trigger is pressed, the sear will disengage with the cocking of the hammer and release the hammer - another shot will fire.
After firing the last cartridge in the magazine, the magazine feeder, rising upward, acts with its protrusion on the bolt mainframe and pushes it out of the receiver socket, compressing the mainframe spring.
When the bolt frame moves forward, the bolt rammer rests on the bolt axle and the bolt frame stops in this position, thereby indicating that all the cartridges in the magazine have been used up. When the magazine is separated from the rifle, the bolt frame remains on the bolt frame, since the bolt frame spring cannot lower the bolt frame, which is pressed by the bolt. In order for the bolt frame to lower into its socket, it is necessary to move the bolt frame back and release it.
Possible delays and malfunctions that occur during shooting and ways to eliminate them
The delay that occurs during shooting should be eliminated by reloading, to do this, vigorously pull the bolt frame back by the handle, release it and continue shooting. If the delay is not resolved, then you need to find out the reason for its occurrence and eliminate the delay as indicated below.
Delay and their characteristics
Failure to feed cartridge. The bolt is in the forward position, but there is no shot - there is no cartridge in the chamber.
Stuck cartridge. The cartridge hit the breech end of the barrel with a bullet, the moving parts remained in the middle position.
Reasons for delay
1. Contamination or malfunction of the magazine.
2. Malfunction of the magazine latch.
3. Curvature of the bends of the side walls of the magazine.
Remedies
Reload the rifle and continue shooting. If the delay recurs, replace the magazine. If the magazine latch is faulty, send the rifle to a repair shop.
While holding the reloading handle, remove the stuck cartridge and continue shooting. If the delay recurs, replace the magazine.
| Delay and their characteristics | Reasons for delay | Remedies |
| Misfire.
The bolt is in the forward position, the cartridge is in the chamber, the trigger is pulled - there is no shot. |
I. Chuck malfunction. 2. Malfunction of the firing pin or firing mechanism; contamination or hardening of the lubricant. |
Reload the rifle and continue shooting. When the delay is repeated, inspect and clean the firing pin and trigger mechanism; If they break or wear out, send the rifle to a workshop. |
| Failure to remove the cartridge case.
The cartridge case is in the chamber, the next cartridge has buried a bullet in it, the moving parts have stopped in the middle position. |
1. Dirty cartridge or contaminated chamber. 2. Contamination or malfunction of the ejector or its spring. |
Pull the reloading handle back and, holding it in the rear position, separate the magazine and remove the buried cartridge. Using a bolt or cleaning rod, remove the cartridge case from the chamber. Continue shooting. If the delay repeats, clean the chamber. Inspect and clean the ejector from dirt and continue shooting. |
| Sticking or not reflecting the sleeve. The cartridge case was not thrown out of the receiver, but remained in it in front of the bolt or was sent back into the chamber by the bolt. | 1. Contamination of rubbing parts, gas paths or chamber. 2. The ejector is dirty or malfunctioning. |
Pull the charging handle back, eject the cartridge case and continue shooting. If the delay repeats, clean the gas paths, rubbing parts and chamber; Lubricate rubbing parts. If the ejector malfunctions, send the rifle to a repair shop. |
Guide to the 7.62mm Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD)
Purpose of the Dragunov sniper rifle.
7.62 mm Dragunov sniper rifle is a sniper's weapon and is designed to destroy various emerging, moving, open and camouflaged single targets. The PSO-1 optical sniper sight is used for precise aiming from a sniper rifle at various targets.
Fire from a sniper rifle is most effective at a distance of up to 800 m. The effective firing range with an optical sight is 1300 m, with an open sight - 1200 m.
The range of a direct shot at a chest figure is 430 m, and at a running figure - 640 m. The combat rate of fire is up to 30 rounds per minute.
The weight of a sniper rifle without a bayonet, with an optical sight, an unloaded magazine and a butt cheek is 4.3 kg.
For shooting from a sniper rifle, rifle cartridges with ordinary, tracer and armor-piercing incendiary bullets or rifle sniper cartridges are used.
Fire from a sniper rifle is carried out in single shots. When firing, cartridges are supplied from a box magazine with a capacity of 10 rounds.
The optical sight allows you to fire at night using infrared sources, as well as under unfavorable lighting conditions, when it is difficult to shoot at targets with an open sight.
Since 1963, the frame stock (with a detachable cheekpiece) and barrel linings were made of bakelite plywood, but in the mid-90s, the rifle underwent some changes in appearance. At first, the SVD began to be equipped with receiver linings made of polyamide, and then with a butt with an integral rotary cheek, also made of glass-filled polyamide.
General device
Sniper rifle consists of the following main parts and mechanisms:
■ barrel with receiver, open sight and butt,
■ receiver covers,
■ return mechanism,
■ bolt carrier,
■ shutter,
■ a gas tube with a regulator, a gas piston and a pusher with its spring,
■ barrel linings,
■ firing mechanism,
■ fuse,
■ store,
■ butt cheeks,
■ optical sight.
The sniper rifle kit includes:
■ optical sniper sight - 1 pc.;
■ bayonet-knife - 1 pc.;
■ bag for the sight and magazines (Fig. 4) - 1 pc.;
■ bag for spare parts (Fig. 6) - 1 pc.;
■ carrying belt small arms(Fig. 5) - 1 pc.
The optical sniper sight is equipped with a case, a winter lighting system and individual spare parts.
Operation of parts and mechanisms
Sniper rifle is a self-loading weapon. Reloading a rifle is based on the use of the energy of powder gases removed from the barrel bore to the gas piston.
When fired, part of the powder gases following the bullet rushes through the gas outlet hole in the barrel wall into the gas chamber, presses on the front wall of the gas piston and throws the piston with the pusher, and with them the frame, to the rear position.
When the frame moves back, the bolt opens the barrel, removes the cartridge case from the chamber and throws it out of the receiver, and the frame compresses the return springs and cocks the hammer (puts it on the self-timer).
The frame with the bolt returns to the forward position under the action of the return mechanism, while the bolt sends the next cartridge from the magazine into the chamber and closes the barrel, and the frame removes the self-timer sear from under the self-timer cocking of the hammer and the hammer is cocked. The bolt is locked by turning it to the left and inserting the bolt lugs into the cutouts of the receiver.
To fire the next shot, you must release the trigger and press it again. After releasing the trigger, the rod moves forward and its hook jumps behind the sear, and when you press the trigger, the rod hook turns the sear and disconnects it from the cocking of the hammer. The trigger, turning on its axis under the action of the mainspring, strikes the firing pin, and the latter moves forward and punctures the igniter primer of the cartridge. A shot occurs.
When firing the last cartridge, when the bolt moves back, the magazine feeder raises the bolt stop, the bolt rests on it and the frame stops in the rear position. This is a signal that you need to load the rifle again.
The rifle has a gas regulator, with the help of which the recoil speed of the moving parts is changed. Under normal operating conditions, with lubricated parts, the regulator is set to division 1. During prolonged shooting without cleaning and lubrication and the rifle is heavily soiled, a delay may occur - incomplete release of the moving parts. In this case, the regulator is switched to setting 2. The regulator is moved from one position to another using the sleeve flange or cartridge.
Disassembling and assembling the rifle
Disassembling a sniper rifle can be incomplete or complete: incomplete- for cleaning, lubricating and inspecting the rifle; full- for cleaning when the rifle is heavily soiled, after being in the rain or snow, when switching to a new lubricant, and when... Frequent disassembly of the rifle is not allowed, as this accelerates the wear of parts and mechanisms. When disassembling and assembling the rifle, do not use excessive force or sharp blows. When assembling the rifle, compare the numbers on its parts with the number on the receiver.
Procedure for partial disassembly of a sniper rifle
1)Separate the store. Take the magazine with your right hand, pressing the latch with your thumb, move the lower part of the magazine forward and separate it. After this, check to see if there is a cartridge in the chamber, to do this, lower the safety down, pull the charging handle back, inspect the chamber and release the handle.
2)Separate the optical sight. Lift the handle of the clamping screw and turn it towards the eyecup; Move the sight back as far as it will go and separate it from the receiver.
3)Separate the butt cheek. Turn the cheek lock clasp down, remove the loop from the clip hook and separate the cheek.
4)Separate the receiver cover with the return mechanism. Turn the receiver cover lock back until it is locked into place; lift up the rear part of the receiver cover and separate the cover with the return mechanism.
5)Separate the bolt carrier with the bolt. Pull the bolt frame back as far as it will go and separate it from the receiver.
6)Separate the bolt from the bolt frame. Pull the shutter back; turn it so that the leading protrusion of the bolt comes out of the figured cutout of the bolt frame, and move the bolt forward.
7)Separate the firing mechanism. Turn the fuse up to a vertical position, move it to the right and separate it from the receiver; holding the trigger guard, move downward to separate the trigger mechanism from the receiver.
8)Separate the barrel linings. Press the contactor of the upper thrust ring against the gas tube until the bend of the contactor comes out of the cutout of the ring and turn the contactor to the right until it stops, move the moving part of the upper thrust ring forward; pressing the barrel pad down and moving it to the side, separate it from the barrel. If it is difficult to separate the barrel linings, insert the cutout of the pencil case key into the window of the lining and move downwards and to the side to separate the barrel lining.
9)Separate the gas piston and pusher with spring. Pull the pusher back, remove its front end from the piston seat and separate the piston from the gas tube; insert the front end of the pusher into the gas tube; press the pusher spring until it leaves the channel of the aiming block and separate the pusher with the spring, and then separate the spring from the pusher.
The procedure for assembling a sniper rifle after partial disassembly
1)Attach the gas piston and pusher with spring. Place the spring on the rear end of the pusher; insert the front end of the pusher into the gas tube, tighten the spring and insert the rear end of the pusher with the spring into the channel of the aiming block; pull the pusher back and move its front end out of the gas tube to the side; insert the gas piston into the gas tube, and the front end of the pusher into the piston socket.
2)Attach the barrel linings. Insert the rear (widened) end of the right (left) barrel lining into the lower thrust ring with the cutout of the lining towards the sight and, pressing the lining down, attach it to the barrel; push the moving part of the upper thrust ring onto the tips of the linings and turn the closure of the upper thrust ring towards the gas tube until its bend enters the cutout on the ring.
3)Attach the firing mechanism. Place the cutouts of the trigger mechanism housing behind the axis of the receiver jumper and press the trigger mechanism to the receiver; insert the fuse axis into the hole in the receiver; Turn the fuse to a vertical position, press it tightly to the receiver and turn down until the protrusion of the shield enters the lower locking recess of the receiver.
4)Attach the bolt to the bolt frame. Insert the bolt with the cylindrical part into the channel of the bolt frame; turn the bolt so that its leading protrusion fits into the figured cutout of the bolt frame, and push the bolt forward as far as it will go.
5)Attach the bolt carrier to the bolt. While holding the bolt in the forward position, insert the guide protrusions of the bolt frame into the cutouts of the receiver bends, press the bolt frame against the receiver with a slight force and push it forward.
6)Attach the receiver cover with the return mechanism. Insert the return mechanism into the bolt frame channel; compressing the return springs, insert the protrusions on the front end of the cover into the cutouts on the lower thrust ring; press the rear end of the cover until it is completely adjacent to the receiver; Turn the receiver cover lock forward until it engages the lock.
7)Attach the butt cheek. Place the cheek piece on the upper part of the butt with the fold to the right opposite the cutout for it; put the loop on the hook of the clip and turn the clasp up.
8)Attach the optical sight. Align the grooves on the sight bracket with the protrusions on the left wall of the receiver; push the sight forward as far as it will go and turn the clamping screw handle toward the lens until its bend fits into the cutout on the bracket.
Purpose, design of rifle parts and mechanisms
Trunk(Fig. 18) serves to direct the flight of the bullet. Inside, the barrel has a channel with four rifling, winding from left to top to right, a chamber, a bullet entrance and a gas outlet. The bore caliber is 7.62 mm. On the outside, the barrel has: a front sight base, a gas chamber, a sling swivel, upper and lower thrust rings of the barrel linings, a sight block, and a cutout on the breech end for the ejector hook.
Front sight base(Fig. 19) has a stop for attaching a bayonet-knife, a slotted flash suppressor and a groove for the front sight safety.
Gas chamber(Fig. 20) serves to direct powder gases from the barrel to the gas piston. It consists of a gas tube with a hole, a regulator, a gas piston and a gas tube latch. An inclined hole is made inside the gas chamber, combined with a gas outlet hole in the barrel wall. Outside the gas tube there is a tetrahedral thickening for the pencil case key.
The gas piston is placed in a gas tube and serves to transmit the pressure of the powder gases to the pusher. It has a head and a socket for the front end of the pushrod.
Pusher with spring(Fig. 21) serves to move the bolt frame back when firing. It has a rim to stop the spring and limit the backward movement of the pusher. The pushrod spring serves to return the pushrod and gas piston to the forward position.
Regulator has two settings, designated by numbers 1 and 2. It is installed on division 1 against the marks on the latch of the gas tube. When shooting for a long time without cleaning and lubrication, a delay may occur - incomplete waste of moving parts. In this case, the regulator is switched to setting 2. To do this, it is necessary to insert the edge of the sleeve or cartridge into the hooks of the regulator (Fig. 22) and turn the regulator.
Upper and lower thrust rings are used to attach barrel linings to the barrel. The lower thrust ring has receiver lining springs and a protrusion that prevents the linings from moving, as well as cutouts for the receiver cover protrusions. The upper thrust ring consists of two parts - stationary and moving. On the stationary part there are stops (bends) for holding the linings, and on the moving part there is a closure for securing the upper thrust ring to the attached barrel linings. Ventilation windows are made in the walls of the linings.
Receiver(Fig. 23) serves to connect parts and mechanisms of the rifle, to ensure that the barrel bore is closed by the bolt and the bolt is locked; the receiver houses the bolt frame with the bolt and the trigger mechanism; It is closed with a lid on top.
The receiver has: inside - cutouts for locking the bolt, the rear walls of which are lugs, and on the left side a protrusion with a bevel for preliminary rotation of the bolt at the beginning of its locking, bends with cutouts for directing the movement of the bolt frame and bolt; reflective protrusion with a bevel for reflecting cartridges; a jumper with an axis for connecting the trigger mechanism and a socket for placing a shutter stop with a spring; cutout for magazine hook; in the side walls there are holes for the fuse and holes for the receiver cover lock; on the right wall there are two fixing recesses for installing a fuse and a locking mechanism for the receiver cover; on the left wall there are protrusions for attaching (attaching) an optical sight; at the bottom there is a window for the magazine and a window for the trigger mechanism.
The butt is attached to the receiver.
Receiver cover(Fig. 24) protects parts and mechanisms placed in the receiver from contamination. It houses the return mechanism. In front it has protrusions for fixing the cover in the lower thrust ring of the barrel; With right side- cutouts for the passage of cartridges thrown out and for movement of the reloading handle; rear - liner; in the side walls there are holes: on the left - for the axis of the return mechanism earring, on the right - for pushing out this axis with a drift. The insert has a window for the return mechanism earring; a protrusion with a semicircular recess for attaching the cover to the receiver using a lock; a cylindrical protrusion, which, together with the front wall of the liner, absorbs the impact of the bolt and bolt frame in the rearmost position; a hole for the axis of the earring of the return mechanism and a spring retainer of the axis of the earring.
Return mechanism(Fig. 25) serves to return the bolt frame with the bolt to the forward position. It consists of two identical return springs, a guide bushing, a guide rod and an earring with an axis, with the help of which it is secured in the receiver cover liner.
Bolt carrier(Fig. 26) serves to activate the bolt and trigger mechanism.
The bolt frame has: inside - an upper channel for the return mechanism, a lower channel for the bolt, a longitudinal groove for the passage of the reflective protrusion (in rifles of the first release this groove is absent) and two side channels made for lightness; at the rear there is a protrusion that eliminates the possibility of firing when the bolt is not closed and serves to rotate the trigger when the bolt frame moves back; on the sides there are grooves with guide protrusions for moving the bolt frame along the bends of the receiver; on the left side behind there is a protrusion for lowering (rotating) the self-timer lever; on the right side in front there is a handle for reloading the rifle; at the bottom there is a figured cutout to accommodate the leading protrusion of the bolt and a groove with a bevel for the passage of the trigger head.
Gate(Fig. 27) serves to send the cartridge into the chamber, close the barrel bore, break the primer and remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber. It consists of a frame, a firing pin, an ejector with a spring and an axis, and a firing pin.
The bolt body has: on the front section - two cylindrical cutouts for the bottom of the sleeve and the ejector; two recesses that prevent the bolt from hitting the breech end of the barrel; three lugs that, when the bolt is locked, fit into the cutouts of the receiver. On the right lug there is a leading lug for turning the bolt when locking and unlocking; on the left protrusion there is a bevel for preliminary rotation of the bolt when locking; the lower protrusion is a cartridge rammer; on the left side there is a longitudinal groove for the passage of the reflective protrusion of the receiver. In the thickened part of the bolt frame there are transverse holes for the ejector axis and the firing pin. A channel is made inside the bolt frame to accommodate the firing pin.
The firing pin has a striker and a ledge to limit the movement of the firing pin with a pin. An ejector with a spring is used to remove the cartridge case (cartridge) from the chamber and hold it until it meets the reflective protrusion of the receiver. The ejector has a hook for gripping the cartridge case, a socket for the spring and a cutout for the axle.
Trigger mechanism(Fig. 28) is used to release the trigger from combat cocking and cocking the self-timer, ensuring single fire, stopping firing, preventing a shot when the bolt is unlocked and to put the rifle on safety.
The trigger mechanism consists of a body, a trigger with a mainspring, a self-timer, a sear and a trigger with a spring.
The body has: at the bottom - a safety bracket, a window for the tail of the trigger; in the side walls there are three holes with cutouts on the right side for the axes of the trigger, sear and self-timer, as well as holes for the safety axis and the trigger axis; in front - cutouts for the axis of the receiver jumper; at the back are hooks for the ends of the trigger spring; inside there is a stand with a cutout to direct the movement of the trigger pull and a limiter for the tail of the sear.
The trigger with a mainspring is used to strike the firing pin. The trigger has a combat cock with a groove for the trigger pull, a self-timer cock, trunnions and a hole for the axle. The mainspring is put on the trigger pins and acts with its loop on the trigger, with its long end on the tail of the sear, and with its short end on the tail of the self-timer.
The self-timer is used to automatically release the trigger from the self-timer cocking when firing, as well as to prevent the trigger from being released when the bolt is unlocked. It has a sear for holding the trigger on the self-timer cocking, a lever for disconnecting the self-timer sear from cocking the self-timer trigger by the protrusion of the bolt frame when it approaches the forward position, a tail for the short end of the mainspring and a hole for the axle.
The sear serves to hold the trigger in the rearmost position after firing. The sear has hooks to hold the hammer cocked, a jumper to hook the trigger rod and a tail for the long end of the mainspring.
The trigger with a spring is used to remove the sear from under the cocking action. It has a hook rod, a guard stop, axle holes and a tail. The magazine latch with a spring is placed on its axis in the trigger mechanism housing.
Fuse(Fig. 29) serves to lock the sear, trigger and at the same time limit the movement of the bolt frame backwards, thereby eliminating the possibility of an accidental shot, as well as to secure the trigger mechanism in the barrel
box. The fuse has: an axis that secures the trigger mechanism on the receiver, with a thickened part for locking the sear and protrusions for holding it in the receiver; a shield with a protrusion that covers the cutout for movement of the bolt handle when the rifle is put on safety. On the thickened part of the axis there are cutouts for the sear tail and for the shield limiter. The lower position of the fuse corresponds to its installation for firing, and the upper position corresponds to the fuse.
Butt has: a cutout that forms a handle and serves to accommodate the thumb of the right hand, and a cutout for fastening the butt cheek lock; window with sling swivel; metal butt plate; screw-fixing the cover closure, receiver.
The stock is connected to the receiver using a connecting screw and a screw.
The butt cheek is used only when shooting with an optical sight. It consists of a wooden base, soft padding with leather covering and a lock for attaching the cheekpiece to the butt. The lock has a clip with a hook and a clasp with a loop.
Sights are used to aim the rifle when shooting at targets at various distances. The sighting devices of a sniper rifle consist of a PSO-1 optical sight and a mechanical (open) sight.
Optical sight(Fig. 31) is the main sight of a sniper rifle. Sight magnification is 4x, field of view is 6°. The optical sight consists of mechanical and optical parts. The mechanical part of the sight includes a body, top and side handwheels, a reticle illumination device, a retractable hood, a rubber eyecup and a cap.
The optical part of the sight includes a lens, a wrapping system, a reticle, a fluorescent screen and an eyepiece.
Aim(Fig. 32) consists of a sight block, a leaf spring, an aiming bar and a clamp.
The sight block has: on top - two vectors to give the aiming bar a certain height, eyes for attaching the sighting bar and a socket for a leaf spring; inside there is a through channel for a pusher with a spring.
The leaf spring serves to hold the aiming bar in position.
The sighting bar has a mane with a slot for aiming and cutouts for holding the clamp in position. On the sighting bar there are scales with divisions from 1 to 12 and the letter P. The scale numbers indicate firing ranges of hundreds of meters, P is the constant setting of the sight, corresponding to sight 4.
The clamp is placed on the sighting bar and held in position behind the slot. The latch has a tooth, which, under the action of a spring, slides into the cutout of the sighting bar.
The front sight is screwed into the fuse. There are marks on the safety and the base of the front sight that determine the position of the front sight.
Shop(Fig. 33) is used to place cartridges and feed them into the receiver. It consists of a body, a locking plate cover, a spring and a feeder.
The magazine body connects all parts of the magazine. Its side walls have bends to keep the cartridges from falling out, limiting the rise of the feeder and protrusions that limit the recessing of the magazine in the receiver window; there is a hook on the front wall, and a support protrusion on the rear wall, through which the magazine is attached to the receiver. On the rear wall of the case at the bottom there is a control hole to determine whether the magazine is fully loaded with cartridges.
The walls of the body are ribbed for strength. The bottom of the case is closed with a lid. The cover has a hole for the protrusion of the locking bar.
Inside the housing there is a feeder and a spring with a locking bar. The feeder provides a staggered arrangement of cartridges in the magazine and has a protrusion, which, when feeding the last cartridge from the magazine, raises the shutter stop upward. The locking bar is attached to the lower end of the spring and, with its protrusion, keeps the magazine cover from moving.
Bayonet knife(Fig. 34) is attached to a sniper rifle before an attack and serves to defeat the enemy in hand-to-hand combat. The rest of the time it is used as a knife, saw (for cutting metal) and scissors (for cutting wire).
It is important to know:
The wires of the lighting network must be cut one at a time, having first removed the belt from the bayonet-knife and the pendant from the sheath. When cutting the wire, you must ensure that your hands do not touch the metal surface of the bayonet-knife and sheath. Making passages in electrified wire fences using a bayonet-knife is not permitted.
A bayonet knife consists of a blade and a handle. The blade has: a cutting edge; saw; cutting edge, which in combination with the sheath is used as scissors; The handle serves for ease of operation and for attaching the bayonet-knife to the rifle. The handle has: on the front - a ring for putting on the flame arrester, a hook for a belt; at the back there are longitudinal grooves with which the bayonet-knife is put on the corresponding protrusions on the stop of the front sight base; latch; safety ledge; belt hole; plastic cheeks and a belt for easy handling of the bayonet-knife.
The latest releases of bayonet-knives have plastic cheeks replaced by a plastic body, which is held on the handle by a metal tip with a connecting screw.
Sheath(Fig. 35) are used to carry a bayonet-knife on a waist belt. In addition, they are used in conjunction with a bayonet for cutting wire. The scabbard has a suspension with a loop, a protrusion-axis, and a stop to limit the rotation of the bayonet-knife when acting like scissors; Inside the sheath there is a leaf spring with a lock to keep the bayonet-knife from falling out.
On the sheaths of the latest releases, the rubber tip is replaced with a plastic body and the suspension is changed. Instead of the upper carabiner, there is a loop for carrying a bayonet-knife on the waist belt.
Purpose and device of accessory to a sniper rifle
Affiliation(Fig. 37) is used for disassembling, assembling, cleaning and lubricating the sniper rifle and is carried in a bag for the scope and magazines.
Accessories include: cheek piece, cleaning rod, wiper, brush, screwdriver, drift, pencil case and oiler.
Cheek used when shooting from a rifle with an optical sight. In this case, it is put on the butt of the rifle and secured to it with a lock.
Ramrod used for cleaning and lubricating the bore, channels and cavities of other parts of the rifle. It consists of three links that are screwed together.
Rubbing designed for cleaning and lubricating the bore, as well as channels and cavities of other parts of the rifle.
Ruff serves for cleaning the barrel bore with a radiofrequency solution.
Screwdriver used when disassembling and assembling a rifle, cleaning the gas chamber and gas tube, and also as a key when adjusting the position of the front sight in height.
Punch used for pushing out axles and pins.
Pencil case Used to store cleaning cloths, brushes, screwdrivers and drifts. It consists of two components: a pencil case-key and a pencil case cover.
Pencil-key
Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD), right view
Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD), left view
Dragunov SVD-S sniper rifle with a shortened barrel and a side-folding butt
civilian version of the SVD rifle - "Tiger" carbine of 7.62x54 caliber with a plastic stock "like the new SVD"
incomplete disassembly of SVD
sniper in ambush :-)
View of the reticle of the PSO-1 sight used on the SVD rifle. The mesh is a plane-parallel plate. The plate contains scales for aiming angles and lateral corrections, as well as a rangefinder scale. The aiming angle scale is made in the form of squares up to a range of 1300 m. When setting the aiming angle handwheel scale to division 10, the top of the second from the top aiming mark on the scale on the reticle will correspond to a range of 1100 m, the top of the third mark - 1200 m, and the top of the fourth - 1300 m. To the left and to the right of the sighting marks there is a lateral correction scale. Scale division value 0-01. The lateral correction values 0-05 and 0-10 are highlighted with an elongated stroke. The O-10 correction is marked with the number 10. To the right and left of the lateral correction scale there are two horizontal strokes. The rangefinder scale, located on the left under the lateral correction scale, is designed to determine the range to the target. The rangefinder scale is made in the form of two lines. Top line(curve) is calculated for a target height of 1.7 m and is marked with numbers 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10.
| Characteristic name | Nominal value |
|---|---|
| 1. Caliber, mm | 7,62 |
| 2. Number of grooves | 4 |
| 3. Sighting range, m: with optical sight with open sight |
1300 1200 |
| 4. Initial bullet speed, m/s | 830 |
| 5. Bullet range, up to which its lethal effect is maintained, m |
3800 |
| 6. Weight of the rifle without bayonet with optical sight, unloaded magazine and cheek, kg |
4,3 |
| 7. Magazine capacity, cartridges | 10 |
| 8. Rifle length, mm: without bayonet with attached bayonet |
1220 1370 |
| 9. Cartridge mass, g | 21,8 |
| 10. Mass of an ordinary bullet with steel core, g |
9,6 |
| 11. Mass of powder charge, g | 3,1 |
| 12. Magnification of the optical sight, times. | 4 |
| 13. Field of view of the sight, degree | 6 |
| 14. Exit pupil diameter, mm | 6 |
| 15. Eye relief, mm | 68,2 |
| 16. Resolution, second, | 12 |
| 17. Sight length with eyecup and extended lens hood, mm |
375 |
| 18. Sight width, mm | 70 |
| 19. Sight height, mm | 132 |
| 20. Sight weight, g | 616 |
| 21. Weight of the sight with a set of spare parts and a cover, g | 926 |
In 1958, GRAU (Main Rocket and Artillery Directorate) of the General Staff Soviet army announced a competition to create a self-loading sniper rifle for the Soviet Army. The team led by E. Dragunov won the competition, and in 1963 the SVD (Dragunov Sniper Rifle) was adopted by the SA. A “sniper” cartridge with a steel core bullet was created especially for the SVD, but the rifle can use the entire range of domestic 7.62x54R cartridges.
A number of modifications were produced based on the Dragunov rifle - the SVD-S rifle with a shortened barrel and a side-folding butt, civilian hunting carbines "Bear" (now not produced) and "Tiger". Copies and clones of the SVD are also produced abroad, and among them there are both fairly accurate copies (for example, the Chinese Type 85 rifles of 7.62x54R caliber and NDM-86 of 7.62x51 caliber) and imitations based on the design of the Kalashnikov assault rifle, such as the Romanian FPK rifle.
The SVD rifle is a self-loading weapon with gas-operated automatics, with a short stroke of a gas piston that is not rigidly connected to the bolt frame (to reduce the mass of the moving parts of the automatic). The design of the gas outlet unit includes a two-position gas regulator. The barrel is locked by turning the bolt, which has 3 lugs. The receiver is milled from steel. The USM is unregulated, made on a separate base. All rifle variants are equipped with non-removable open sights in the form of a front sight in the front sight and an adjustable rear sight located in front of the receiver cover. The bracket for the optical sight is attached to the receiver on the left. In addition to the main optical sight PSO-1 (fixed magnification 4X), the SVD can be equipped with unilluminated night sights NSPU-3 or NSPUM. On early versions of the rifle, the fore-end and butt of the frame structure were made of wood; on more modern versions, the fore-end is made of plastic; the frame butt can be either wooden or plastic. On SVD-S rifles There is a separate plastic pistol grip and a side-folding metal stock. The rifle is standardly equipped with a rifle belt for carrying. One of characteristic features SVD - the presence of a tide on the barrel for installing a bayonet.
I want to add a little of my own. The first time I saw an SVD was in the army, it was 95-97. Then I went through urgent military service in the ranks of the RA in the distant and beautiful ZABVO, near the city of Chita, the village of Ugdan. I don’t know how it is now, but in those days, in the combat units of the Republic of Armenia, we were taken to shooting 4 to 5 times a month. Maybe our unit was lucky that the shooting range was 10 km away, or indeed in those days, it was the responsibility of all normal commanders to prepare their soldiers and make men out of them, not only at shooting, but also in everyday life.
I always remember mine conscript service only with warmth and bright memories. Let there be some negativity somewhere in the service, but it’s all such a trifle, from true memories. Those who, of course, did not serve are far from reality and for some reason, in recent years so 5-7, in general, they are afraid as hell to serve. It’s clear what this is connected with, and there are oh so few guys (men and husbands) left in Mother Rus' who could stand up for her, my dear........ oh so few.
Yes, sorry I got distracted. A sore subject for me, but still...
So, I shot with this machine only twice in my life. All this happened in the army and then under demobilization: the first time he fired three shots, and the next time only seven. But I want to tell you - this will never be forgotten! At least for me! I’ve had to shoot in my life with AKM, AKSU, PM, we don’t take Saiga, IZH (with periodic consistency), but this...............it’s just...well, unforgettable! I can’t explain to you in words... Only after so many years, I understand why they occupied positions that were not the same as the standard for rank and file 100 meters. The lying distance was from 300 meters.
Technical description and operating instructions for the 7.62 mm Dragunov sniper rifle
Purpose of the rifle The 7.62 mm Dragunov sniper rifle (index 6B1) is a sniper weapon and is designed to destroy various emerging, moving, open and camouflaged single targets. The sniper optical sight (index 6Ts1) is used for precise aiming from a sniper rifle at various targets.
Composition of the rifle. The sniper rifle kit includes (picture above):
Optical sniper sight, index 6Ts1- 1 PC.
Bayonet, index 6X5- 1 PC.
Bag for scope and magazines, index 6Ш18- 1 PC.
Bag for spare parts, index 6Ш26- 1 PC.
Belt for carrying small arms, index 6Ш5- 1 PC.
The optical sniper sight is equipped with a case, a winter lighting system and individual spare parts.
Technical data.
Basic design ballistic characteristics
rifle, rifle cartridge and design data of the optical sight.
1. Caliber, m................................................... ................7.62
2. Number of grooves................................................... ........4
3. Sighting range, m:
with optical sight...................................................1300
with open sights........................................................ 1200
4. Initial bullet speed, m/s.................................... 830
5. Bullet range,
up to which it is maintained
lethal effect, m................................................... ....3800
6. Weight of the rifle without
bayonet with optical
sight, not equipped
magazine and cheek, kg................................................... ..4.3
7. Magazine capacity, cartridges.................................... 10
8. Rifle length, mm:
without a bayonet-knife................................................... ..........1220
with attached bayonet-knife....................................1370
9. Cartridge mass, g................................................... .......21.8
10. Mass of an ordinary bullet
with steel core, g...................................9.6
11. Mass of powder charge, g.................................... 3.1
12. Optical magnification
sight, times........................................................ .............4
13. Field of view of the sight, degrees.................................... 6
14. Exit pupil diameter, mm...................................6
15. Exit pupil relief, mm...................................68.2
16. Resolution,
second,................................................ ...................12
17. Sight length with eyecup
and extended lens hood, m.................................................... 375
18. Sight width, mm............................................ .70
19. Sight height, mm................................................. ..132
20. Sight mass, g................................................... ......616
21. Weight of sight with kit
Spare parts and cover, g................................................... .............926
Rifle cartridges
For shooting from a sniper rifle, rifle cartridges with ordinary, tracer and armor-piercing incendiary bullets, as well as sniper cartridges, are used. Fire from a sniper rifle is carried out in single shots.
7.62x53R mm rifle cartridge with a steel core bullet (57-N-323 C)
7.62x53R mm sniper rifle cartridge (7-N-1)
7.62x53R mm sniper rifle cartridge with armor-piercing bullet (7-N-14)
7.62x53R mm rifle cartridge with heat-strengthened core (7-N-13)
7.62x53R mm rifle cartridge with sighting and incendiary bullet (PZ)
7.62x53R mm rifle cartridge with T46 (T46M) tracer bullet (7-T-2 (7-T-2M))
7.62x53R mm rifle cartridge with armor-piercing bullet BP (7-N-26)
7.62x53R mm rifle cartridge with armor-piercing tracer bullet (7-BT-1)
7.62x53R mm rifle cartridge with armor-piercing incendiary bullet B-32 (7-BZ-3)
Optical sight PSO-1
The optical sight allows you to fire at night using infrared sources, as well as under unfavorable lighting conditions, when it is difficult to shoot at targets with an open sight.
When observing infrared sources, the infrared rays emitted by the source pass through the scope lens and affect the screen located in the focal plane of the lens. At the location of the infrared rays, a glow appears on the screen, giving a visible image of the source in the form of a round greenish spot.
Technical characteristics of the PSO-1 sniper optical sight
Sight Zoom- 4x
line of sight- 6 degrees
Sight length with eyecup and hood- 375 mm
Eye relief- 68 mm
Exit pupil diameter- 6 mm
Lens luminous diameter, mm - 24
Resolution limit, arc/sec - 12
Supply voltage, V - 1,5
Weight of the PSO-1 optical sight- 0.58 kg/b]
Sniper optical sight device PSO-1
The optical sight is the main sight of the SVD sniper rifle.
It is sealed, filled with nitrogen, and prevents fogging of the optics due to temperature changes.
Operable in the temperature range -50+C. Sights can be installed on the following weapon models: SVD sniper rifles, special VSS, VSK rifles and others.
Sniper optical sights are produced in the following modifications: PSO-1, PSO-1-1,
PSO-1M2, PSO-2, PSO-3.
The optical sight consists of mechanical and optical parts.
The mechanical part of the sight includes: body, top and side handwheels, reticle illumination device, retractable lens hood, rubber eyecup and cap.
The optical part of the sight includes: lens, wrapping system, reticle, fluorescent screen and eyepiece.
1 - retractable hood, 2 - upper handwheel, 3 - body,
4 - rubber eyecup, 5 - cap with stop,
6 - battery housing, 7 - bracket, 8 - light bulb,
9 - toggle switch, 10 - lens cap, 11 - pointer,
12 - locking screw, 13 - side handwheel,
14 - stop, 15 - slider, 16 - clamping screw.
Mechanical part of PSO-1
The housing serves to connect all parts of the sight on the rifle. The bracket has grooves, a stop, a clamping screw, a clamping screw handle, a slider with a spring and an adjusting nut. Pointers (indices) for sight settings and lateral corrections and a lens cap are attached to the body. The upper handwheel is used to install the sight, the side handwheel is used to introduce lateral corrections. They are identical in design and have a handwheel housing, a spring washer, an end nut and a connecting (central) screw. There are three holes on top of each handwheel: the middle one is for the connecting screw, the two outer ones are for the locking screws.
The spring washer serves to hold the handwheel in position. The reticle illumination device is used to illuminate the sight reticle when shooting at dusk and at night. It consists of: a housing with a contact screw, a battery that serves as a current source, a cap with a stop and a spring for pressing the battery to the screw, wires connecting the screw (battery) to the light bulb through a toggle switch, a toggle switch for turning the light bulb on and off.
The battery is installed in the case so that the central electrode is connected to the screw, and the side electrode (displaced to the side) is connected to the case; To do this, the contact plate of the side electrode is bent over the edge of the housing, after which the cap is put on. To illuminate the grid at temperatures from +2? From and below it is necessary to use a winter mesh lighting device, consisting of a housing, a cap and a shielded wire. To prepare a winter reticle illumination device for shooting, you need to place the battery into the winter device body as indicated above, and put on it the cap removed from the body on the sight, and put the cap of the winter device on the body of the device on the sight. The body of the winter device with the battery is carried in the pocket of a sniper’s tunic or overcoat, and the shielded wire can be passed through the left sleeve of outerwear. The eyecup (rubber) is designed for correct installation of the eye and ease of aiming. In addition, it protects the eyepiece lenses from contamination and damage. A retractable lens hood serves to protect the objective lenses in inclement weather from rain, snow, and direct sunlight when shooting against the sun, thereby eliminating reflections that unmask the sniper.
The rubber cap protects the lens from contamination and damage.
1 - body,
2 - end nut,
3 - locking screws,
4 - connecting screw,
5 - additional scale,
6 - index,
7 - pointer.
On the body of the upper handwheel there is a main sight scale with divisions from 1 to 10; The scale numbers indicate firing ranges in hundreds of meters.
On the body of the side handwheel there is a scale of lateral corrections with divisions from 0 to 10 in both directions;
The value of each division corresponds to one thousandth, (0-01). On the upper part of the handwheel housings there is an additional scale used when aligning the sight; The price of scale divisions is 0.5 thousandths. The settings of the main scale of the upper handwheel up to division 3 are fixed after one division. From division 3 to division 10, the settings of this handwheel, as well as all settings of the side handwheel scale, are fixed every half division (one division corresponds to two clicks).
On the end nuts of the upper and side handwheels, an arrow indicates the direction of rotation of the handwheels or end nuts when making the necessary adjustment to the installation of the sight and side handwheel ("Up STP", "Down STP" - on the upper handwheel, "Right STP", "Left STP" - on the side handwheel). This means that when the handwheels or end nuts are rotated in the direction of the arrow, the midpoint of impact (MPO) moves in the corresponding direction (up, to the right, etc.).
A connecting screw connects the end nut to the carriage and, when the handwheel or nut rotates, moves the carriage with the sight reticle in the desired direction.
Spare parts, tools and accessories for the optical sight are: spare batteries and light bulbs, a light filter, a screwdriver key for screwing in and unscrewing light bulbs, a napkin and a rubber cap for the toggle switch.
A filter is placed on the eyepiece when there is haze in the air and the light level decreases.
Each sniper rifle comes with:
bag for carrying an optical sight and magazines;
case for optical sight;
a bag for carrying a winter grid lighting device, spare batteries and an oil can.
The bag for carrying the optical sight and magazines has:
pocket for optical sight;
four pockets for magazines;
pockets for cleaning rod, pencil case, cheek butt, screwdriver key, napkin and light filter.
Optical system PSO-1. Grids. Aiming.
The lens is used to obtain a reduced and inverted image of the observed object. It consists of three lenses, two of which are glued. The turning system is designed to give the image a normal (straight) position; it consists of four lenses glued in pairs. The sight reticle is used for aiming; it is made on glass mounted in a movable frame (carriage). The eyepiece is designed to view the observed object in a magnified and direct image; it consists of three lenses, two of which are glued.
The luminescent screen is used to detect infrared light sources; it is a thin plate of a special chemical composition, which is laid between two glasses. The screen has a window with a light filter in the frame for charging the screen and a flag for switching the screen: towards the light filter (horizontal position of the flag) - for recharging the screen and when shooting under normal conditions; towards the lens (vertical position of the flag) - when observing and shooting at targets that detect themselves by infrared radiation.
1 - eyepiece, 2 - carriage, 3 - wrapping system, 4 - reticle, 5 - luminescent screen, 6 - window
with filter, 7 - lens
1 - lateral correction scale,
2 - main square for shooting up to 1000 m,
3 - additional squares,
4 - rangefinder scale.
Table (normal) shooting conditions:
- lack of wind,
- air temperature +15? C,
- zero altitude above sea level, with significant deviations external conditions shooting amendments are made:
- correction for side wind
- correction for target movement (lead)
- correction for air temperature when shooting at a distance >500m.
- correction for shooting in the mountains above sea level above 2000m.
Aiming using an infrared spotlight (luminescent screen on) with scope 4 at all ranges up to 400m.
The price of dividing the reticle and mark (square) in thousandths.
The following are marked on the sight reticle:
main (upper) square for aiming when shooting up to 1000 m; lateral correction scale;
additional squares (below the lateral correction scale along the vertical line) for aiming when shooting at 1100, 1200 and 1300 m; rangefinder scale (solid horizontal and curved dotted lines).
To aim when shooting using additional squares, it is necessary to install sight 10 on the upper handwheel.
The lateral correction scale is marked below (to the left and right of the square) with the number 10, which corresponds to ten thousandths (0-10). The distance between two vertical lines of the scale corresponds to one thousandth (0-01).
The rangefinder scale is designed for a target height of 1.7 m (average human height). This target height value is indicated below the horizontal line. Above the upper dotted line is a scale with divisions, the distance between which corresponds to a distance to the target of 100 m. Scale numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 correspond to distances of 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 m.
Range determination.
1. on the rangefinder scale:
2. by angular values using the thousandth formula
Aiming
The sniper's eye is located on the optical axis of the sight and is 68 mm away from the eyepiece. The entire field of view is visible. If the eye is located close (far) from the eyepiece. A circular darkening is visible in the field of view.
When the eye moves to any side, a moon-shaped shadow is visible in the field of view. The holes will deviate in the direction opposite to the shadow!
SVD sniper rifle magazine.
The magazine is used to place cartridges and feed them into the receiver. Magazine capacity 10 rounds 7.62x53. It consists of a body, a cover, a locking bar, a spring and a feeder.
1 - feeder;
2 - feeder protrusion;
3 - support protrusion;
4 - body;
5 - cover;
6 - locking strip;
7 - spring;
8 - hook;
9 - bends.
The magazine body connects all parts of the magazine. Its side walls have bends to keep the cartridges from falling out and limit the rise of the feeder and protrusions that limit the recessing of the magazine in the receiver window; there is a hook on the front wall, and a support protrusion on the rear wall, through which the magazine is attached to the receiver. On the rear wall of the case at the bottom there is a control hole to determine whether the magazine is fully loaded with cartridges. The walls of the body are ribbed for strength.
The bottom of the case is closed with a lid. The cover has a hole for the protrusion of the locking bar. Inside the housing there is a feeder and a spring with a locking bar. The feeder provides a staggered arrangement of cartridges in the magazine and has a protrusion, which, when feeding the last cartridge from the magazine, raises the shutter stop upward. The locking bar is attached to the lower end of the spring and, with its protrusion, keeps the magazine cover from moving.
SVD parts and mechanisms. Incomplete disassembly and assembly.
A sniper rifle consists of the following main parts and mechanisms:
- barrel with receiver, open sight and butt,
- receiver covers,
- return mechanism,
- bolt frame,
- shutter,
- a gas tube with a regulator, a gas piston and a pusher with its spring,
- barrel linings,
- firing mechanism,
- fuse,
- store,
- butt cheeks,
- optical sight.
1 - gas piston,
2 - pusher,
3 - pusher spring,
4 - receiver cover
with return
mechanism
5 - butt cheek,
6 - trigger mechanism,
7 - store,
8 - fuse,
9 - bolt frame,
10 - shutter,
11 - barrel linings,
12 - sight PSO-1,
13 - barrel with receiver
box, open
sight and butt.
7.62 mm Dragunov SVD self-loading sniper rifle (index 6B1)
1 - butt plate 7-2; 2 - butt plate screw 5-4/6P1; 3 - butt 7-1; 4 - swivel axis 7-3; 5 - tube
swivels 7-4; 6 - cheek Sb 3/6Yu7; 7 - butt Sb 7; 8 - earring axis 5-9; 9 - earring 5-7; 10 -
guide rod 5-6; 11 - rear liner 5-2; 12 - cover check Sat 1-2; 13 - cover with
return mechanism Sat 5; 14 - box 1-2; 15 - return spring guide bushing 5-
5; 16 - return spring 5-4; 17 - shutter stop 1-4; 18 - shutter stop spring 1-5; 19 -
shutter assembly Sat 2-1; 20 - shutter with frame Sb 2; 21 - frame 2-7; 22 - barrel with box Sb 1; 23 -
clamp latch 1-36; 24 - sighting bar clamp 2-2/56-A-212; 25 - latch spring
clamp 2-4/56-A-212; 26 - sighting bar 1-21; 27 - sighting bar assembly Sb 1-9; 28 -
sighting bar spring 0-23/56-A-212; 29 - sighting block 1-10; 30 - spring
pusher 1-24; 31 - pusher 1-23; 32 - barrel 1-1; 33 - left overlay assembly Sat 1-3; 34 -
right overlay assembly Sat 1-4; 35 - oil seal pin 1-18; 36 - oil seal assembly Sb 1-8; 37 -
ring check Sat 1-7; 38 - upper ring assembly Sat 1-1; 39 - gas piston 1-22; 40 - gas
tube 1-25; 41 - gas regulator 1-53; 42 - gas tube latch 1-38; 43 - latch axis
gas tube 1-37; 44 - gas chamber latch spring 1-40; 45 - gas chamber 1-15; 46 -
gas chamber pin 1-46; 47 - front sight 1-17; 48 - front sight body 1-20; 49 - base of front sight 1-16;
50 - front sight base pin 1-45; 51 - ejector 2-2; 52 - ejector axis 2-3; 53 -
ejector spring 2-4; 54 - striker pin 2-6; 55 - shutter 2-1; 56 - drummer 2-5; 57 -
trigger 4-6; 58 - mainspring 4-7; 59 - trigger axis 4-8: 60 - magazine latch spring 4-22; 61 -
magazine latch axis 4-16; 62 - magazine latch 4-15; 63 - self-timer Sat 4-3; 64 - sear axis,
hook and self-timer 4-10; 65 - sear 4-9; 66 - thrust 4-12; 67 - trigger 4-11; 68 -
trigger with pull rod Sat 4-4; 69 - traction axis 4-14; 70 - trigger housing Sb 4-1;
71 - hook spring 4-13; 72 - shield limiter 4-20; 73 - rivet for the spring of the linings 1-39;
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