Premenstrual syndrome includes neuropsychiatric disorders, various metabolic manifestations. Today, there are many remedies for PMS that will alleviate the condition of women. In order to get rid of the disease, an integrated approach is needed.
Causes of the syndrome
During menstrual cycle the egg is released from the follicle. During the process of exit, the follicle bursts and a yellow body appears. This body has great hormonal activity. Parts of the brain that are responsible for mood, metabolic processes, and vascular manifestations react to this activity. The syndrome is usually inherited.
Previously, experts claimed that the syndrome manifests itself in women whose hormonal system has failed. But today doctors say that patients have a systematic ovulatory cycle and are completely healthy.
During premenstrual syndrome, there is a significant increase in estrogens and a decrease in gestagens. Estrogens are responsible for fluid and sodium retention in the human body. Because of this, swelling, headaches, and heaviness in the chest appear. As a result of fluid retention, intestinal swelling occurs. Nausea, constipation and heaviness in the stomach appear. Estrogens have strong impact to the part of the brain that is responsible for the limbic system (formation of emotions). With PMS, a decrease in glucose and potassium occurs, which leads to weakness of the body and decreased activity. The amount of gestagens in the body determines the time of onset of the syndrome, as well as its duration.
Also, the appearance of PMS is promoted by an insufficient amount of vitamins and saturated acids. This leads to changes in mood, increased temperature, and intestinal problems.
Symptoms
There are three main types of symptoms that determine the complexity of a woman’s condition:
- Nervous breakdown. Manifests itself as irritability, depression, depression, mood changes.
- Autonomic-vascular disorders. Lead to heart pain, nausea, fever, and headaches.
- Change in metabolism. Characterized by edema, enlarged mammary glands, shortness of breath, thirst, chills.
If a woman becomes depressed during PMS, other pain and discomfort will be felt more strongly. Often depression turns into migraine, which is difficult to cure.
Treatment
There are various methods that help improve the general condition of a woman.
- Psychotherapy.
- Nutrition.
- Use of drugs and alternative medicine.
Psychotherapy
One of the effective remedies for PMS is psychotherapy. Usage this method allows you to get rid of depression, mood swings, and excessive aggressiveness. To obtain results, special relaxation techniques are used. Often this technique is carried out within the family circle so that relatives can understand the complexity of the woman’s condition.
Nutrition
To improve your PMS condition, you need to consume foods containing plant fiber. Fiber helps remove fluid from the body, which means swelling will decrease. Every day you need to consume 70% complex carbohydrates, 20% proteins and 10% fats. The amount of fat intake must be reduced, since the liver will take part in the metabolism of estrogen. It is also necessary to give up beef for a while. Since it usually contains artificial hormones.
There is no need to eat sweet and salty foods. You should also avoid drinks that contain caffeine. Caffeine leads to sleep disturbances, nervous disorders, and irritability.
Drugs
If a woman exhibits many signs of PMS, she needs to seek help from a specialist. He will be able to advise on the use of drugs. There are several types of PMS remedies. The choice of remedy depends on the cause of the syndrome. Therefore, it is necessary to take the choice of drug seriously.
The syndrome is often treated with hormonal agents. The use of hormones is most effective, since PMS is associated with excessive ovarian activity. Hormonal drugs include: gestagens, contraceptives, androgens, agonists. These drugs are prescribed only by a doctor. Self-administration may lead to complications.
Most women try to avoid treatment with hormones. In this case, non-hormonal remedies for PMS can come to the rescue. These include vitamins and minerals, herbal medicines, vasoactive agents, diuretics, drugs with metabolic effects, psychotropic substances, non-steroidal drugs. The course of treatment with non-hormonal agents is usually six to seven months. After stopping the medication, the effect lasts approximately four to five months. After this period of time, the course of treatment must be repeated again.
"Duphaston" and "Norkolut"
If the doctor reveals a large number of estrogens, then he will prescribe the use of gestagens. The group of gestagens includes drugs such as Norkolut and Duphaston.
Antihistamines
If there is a marked increase in serotonin or histamine in the patient’s body, the doctor prescribes antihistamines. These include "Suprastin". Usually the tablets are taken at night two days before the onset of premenstrual syndrome. And stop taking the medicine on the first day of your period.
"Aminalon" or "Nootropil"
"Aminalon" and "Nootropil" are used when a woman's mental state is disturbed. These drugs are effective means with PMS. The medicine is prescribed by a doctor; it is prohibited to purchase and use it independently without consulting a specialist. They need to be drunk for fourteen days from the first day of menstruation. Moreover, to obtain the effect, it is necessary to repeat the course of treatment for three months.
"Parlodel"
This remedy for PMS is prescribed if there is an increase in the amount of prolactin. You need to take the medicine for two weeks, and you need to start two days before the syndrome.
Diuretics
Diuretics are used when severe swelling occurs. They should be taken four days before PMS. You can stop taking it on the first day of your menstruation. But if the edematous condition is accompanied by severe headaches and vision problems, then Diacarb is prescribed.
"Diclofenac"
If premenstrual syndrome is characterized by constant severe pain, then specialists usually prescribe the drug Diclofenac. Treatment takes place over three months. After which you should stop taking the medicine. Usually, three months after taking the drug, symptoms of the syndrome appear again, but they become less pronounced. Many experts consider Diclofenac the best remedy for PMS, as it eliminates many symptoms and relieves the syndrome for six months.
"Afobazol"
Afobazol and other antidepressants are prescribed by a psychiatrist. "Afobazole" is a remedy for PMS, mood swings and neuroses. The drug is a daily drug, as it does not affect daytime activity. To get the effect, you need to drink it for six months.
Vitamins
Vitamins A and E have a positive effect on the female body. Vitamins can be taken or administered intramuscularly. The course of treatment is thirty days. If the vitamins have no effect, then you need to start taking vitamins B6 and magnesium the next month.
Treatment of PMS with folk remedies
The use of alternative medicine is determined by unique properties herbal teas that can eliminate pain, normalize intestinal function, calm nervous system. In order to get results from use, it is necessary to constantly use herbs and begin treatment several days before the onset of suspected premenstrual syndrome. The result will not be long in coming if a woman uses herbs monthly.
Potentilla grass
This herb helps relieve abdominal pain by strengthening the uterus. To use, you need to make a decoction of the herb. To do this, pour a large spoonful of chopped cinquefoil into a glass of boiling water and simmer for half an hour over low heat. Then filter the broth, divide into three parts and drink throughout the day.
Peppermint
Peppermint is a sedative for PMS. In order to cook remedy, you need to pour boiling water (500 ml) into two tablespoons of leaves and let it brew for two hours. Then you need to strain the infusion, divide into four parts and drink throughout the day.
Nettle
Nettle helps get rid of swelling and relieve tension and irritability. Nettle is also considered to help with PMS. The decoction is prepared as follows: pour one large spoon of nettle with two glasses of strained boiling water and boil for half an hour. You need to drink the decoction in the morning and evening before meals.
Elder
An infusion of elderflower flowers will help get rid of the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. To do this, you need to pour two large spoons of flowers with two glasses of boiling water. Then you need to leave the infusion for an hour. After an hour, you can drink one hundred grams of medicine before meals. Usually the infusion has a bitter taste, so it can be consumed with a dessert spoon of honey.
Raspberries
One of the best sedatives for PMS, according to most women, is raspberry. Raspberries prevent depression and reduce pain. To prepare the decoction, you need to take two large spoons of crushed leaves and pour one liter of boiling water. The resulting mixture should be brought to a boil, strained and covered with a lid. The decoction should be consumed three times a day before meals.
Conclusion
The causes of PMS are varied. In order for the treatment to be successful, the help of a specialist is necessary. One of the best means For PMS, according to women, hormonal drugs are used. Hormones help with short time get rid of the disease. But these drugs have their own negative sides. If used incorrectly, complications may follow.
Non-hormonal agents are also effective. But in order to get results from treatment, regular use of medications is necessary.
Most women also choose traditional medicine in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome. On the positive side this type of treatment is the absence adverse reactions on the woman's body. But in order to completely avoid PMS symptoms, you need to constantly drink decoctions.
In women, this condition usually develops a few days before their period and is called “premenstrual syndrome.”
Unpleasant symptoms
This condition is familiar to most women. Many of them, several days (from one to 14) before the onset of menstruation, complain of:
- nagging pain in the lower abdomen;
- soreness and engorgement of the mammary glands;
- dizziness and nausea;
- swelling and constant thirst;
- poor appetite or, on the contrary, an irresistible desire to eat;
- feeling of palpitations, pain in the heart area;
- chills, fever.
In addition to physical discomfort, women may feel:
- irritability and aggression;
- tearfulness, Bad mood;
- a sharp increase or decrease in sexuality;
- memory impairment;
- sleep disorders.
These manifestations disappear immediately after the onset of menstruation or in the first days after it.
Where does it come from?
It is believed that the condition is based on hormonal disorders, namely the excessive production of female sex hormones, which leads to disruption of the neuroendocrine regulation of various organs and systems of the body.
There is a point of view that nagging pain in the lower abdomen appears because the endometrial rejection has already begun in the uterus, which occurs during menstruation, and the cervix has not yet opened, which leads to the accumulation of blood and mucous fragments in the uterus, its overstretching and, accordingly, pain .
How to relieve PMS
PMS is a typical female ailment and, unfortunately, we cannot get rid of it, but we can alleviate it. To make it easier to overcome premenstrual irritation, a woman should monitor her health not only on the eve of her period.
1. Contact the specialists:
- visit a gynecologist and get tested to identify hormonal disorders;
- in case of severe emotional disturbances, consult a neurologist;
- Since diseases of other endocrine glands can worsen the condition, visit an endocrinologist.
2. Depending on the severity and duration of PMS manifestations, start taking medications prescribed by your doctor in advance (2-3 days in advance):
- if you have severe pain, antispasmodics will help you;
- good means are aimed at normalizing the activity of the autonomic nervous system;
- normalize the functioning of the central nervous system during PMS, the simplest sedatives - drugs plant origin: motherwort, valerian, peppermint;
- the doctor may recommend that you take oral contraceptives, which eliminate discomfort on the eve of menstruation;
- in case of excessively heavy menstrual bleeding, a decoction of raspberry leaves (or adding them to brewed tea) has a good effect.
- try to drink less strong tea and coffee;
- limit fluid intake (up to 1.5 liters per day);
- Add less salt to your food;
- limit the consumption of potassium-rich foods: raisins, dried apricots, potatoes;
- try to eat less fatty foods;
- exclude spices, hot seasonings, and alcohol from your diet;
- try to give up meat and dairy products.
4. At least a week before and during your period, your diet should include plenty of calcium-rich foods. There is a lot of calcium in fresh green leafy vegetables: spinach, lettuce, cabbage, parsley. It is recommended to take multivitamins (especially those containing vitamins A, B and E). It is equally important to consume seafood, grains and nuts, which are rich in macro- and microelements.
5. To prevent PMS, proper rest and sleep are important.
6. It is important to fall asleep before 23.00, because it is at this time that hormones are produced and later falling asleep disrupts the processes of neuroendocrine regulation. It's better to sleep in a cool room. IN Get enough sleep and rest before and during your period.
7. Walk more, breathe clean air, but heavy physical labor should be limited.
8. Try to quit smoking.
9. Take a contrast shower in the morning and evening. Complete the procedure with cool water. A 15-minute bath with a water temperature of 38-39 °C with a decoction of peppermint, chamomile and horehound (1:1:1) will help reduce premenstrual tension. After this, rub lavender or lemon wormwood oil into your lower back.
10. Try to worry and be less nervous.
11. During PMS, as during all periods, you should not go to the bathhouse. Heat can provoke severe pain, and menstruation will be delayed.
12. Good for strengthening the nervous system breathing exercises and relaxation. Relax, close your eyes, concentrate your attention and try to mentally drive away the illness.
Many women experience serious discomfort in the period leading up to their period. Their numbers are quite impressive: according to statistics, approximately 75% of the fair sex experience discomfort of various kinds at this time. For quite a long time, this condition of the female body was a real mystery for doctors. Only a hundred years ago, premenstrual syndrome began to gradually lose its aura of mystery. Today doctors know how, if not eliminate it, then at least significantly reduce its manifestations.
Symptoms and signs of PMS
Premenstrual syndrome makes itself known to a woman a few days before the onset of monthly bleeding. This period can vary from two to ten days. The disappearance of these signs occurs immediately after the start of menstruation, but here everything is individual: for some women they may linger for another couple of days.
PMS is a collection of approximately 150 symptoms of a chemical and physical nature. However, it makes sense to learn about the most common signs of premenstrual syndrome.
The main manifestations of PMS are classified into three groups. The first unites disorders affecting the nervous system and caused by mental processes. It's about about irritability, outbursts of aggression, bouts of causeless tearfulness, a state of depression, and, by and large, sudden mood swings. The second group of PMS symptoms includes metabolic-endocrine disruptions. This is a feeling of thirst, increased body temperature, enlarged mammary glands and the occurrence of pain in them, tissue swelling, intestinal and stomach upset, diarrhea. Finally, the third category of symptoms characteristic of premenstrual syndrome includes vegetative-vascular disorders: heart and headaches, fluctuations in blood pressure, increased heart rate, nausea and even vomiting. In some cases, due to PMS, vision and memory may temporarily deteriorate, and skin itching may occur.
It is worth noting that this division of symptoms is conditional. Usually signs of different groups do not arise separately, but are combined with each other. There is another pattern: most often the victims of PMS, especially when accompanied by severe pain, are overly emotional representatives of the fair sex. The fact is that such women have a rather low pain threshold, due to which they perceive pain too acutely.
PMS treatment
Typically, premenstrual syndrome does not require medical intervention. It is enough to comply simple recommendations so that he stops bothering you with too violent manifestations:
- Get enough sleep ( night sleep should be from 8 to 10 hours).
- Give yourself light exercise.
- Include more fruits and vegetables, freshly squeezed fruit and berry juices in your diet; enrich the menu with products with fiber, calcium, iron, anthocyanins; reduce consumption of fats, chocolate, coffee, beef.
- Take magnesium, vitamins, and B6 in the form of dietary supplements a couple of weeks before menstruation.
- Practice aromatherapy - 10-15 days before your period, regularly take a bath with essential oils of sage, geranium, basil, rose, lavender, bergamot, juniper.
However, in case of serious negative influence premenstrual syndrome on a woman’s quality of life, if PMS is severe, you should still consult a doctor, namely a gynecologist or endocrinologist. He will advise you on effective medications, thanks to which you can easily get rid of ailments before and during menstruation.
Pharmacy drugs for treating PMS
Drug therapy aimed at alleviating or completely eliminating the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome may include homeopathic, herbal and chemical-pharmacological drugs. The most widely used medications are:
- Mastodinon. Homeopathy product. Actions: improvement of the menstrual cycle, reduction of headaches, chest pain, constipation. The effect occurs after 1.5 months of use.
- Remens is from the same series. His responsibilities include establishing the menstrual cycle, reducing the intensity bloody discharge, easing general discomfort and pain in the lower abdomen. In addition, the drug combats mood swings.
- Cyclodinone is a herbal medicine. Normalizes the production of hormones by the sex glands, which makes it possible to use it to reduce discomfort in the chest and menstrual irregularities.
- Saridon and Novalgin. The active ingredients of these similar drugs are caffeine, propyphenazone and paracetamol. The combination of these components results in the disappearance of spasms, elimination of inflammation, lowering body temperature, and relieving emotional stress during PMS.
- Personal monthly system “Enhanced Formula Lady’s”. It has a vitamin-mineral-vegetable, that is, almost natural composition. This drug has succeeded in reducing the duration of menstruation and controlling appetite, which prevents a woman from gaining weight during her period.
It would be a good idea to drink the tranquilizers Grandaxin or Afobazol, the amino acid glycine, and herbal remedies with a sedative effect such as tincture of valerian and peony roots in order to pacify premenstrual syndrome.
Folk remedies for treating PMS
Alternative medicine has a whole arsenal of natural products designed to combat the unpleasant manifestations of PMS. Let's get acquainted with the recipes of some of the most effective folk remedies.
- Dandelion root decoction. You will need: 1 tbsp. dried roots of the specified plant and 200 ml of boiling water. Pour hot, freshly boiled water over the plant material, leave for half an hour, then strain through cheesecloth. Take the decoction 1/2 cup twice a day before meals. Start this procedure 10 days before the onset of your period.
- Infusion of rowan berries. Drink ingredients: 0.5 liters of boiling water, 2 tbsp. fruits - dried or fresh. Wash the berries, place in a saucepan, add hot liquid and leave the broth until it cools. After this, filter the drink and consume it throughout the day, taking in small portions. Rowan infusion helps to cope not only with the manifestations of PMS, but also makes monthly bleeding less heavy.
- Fennel infusion. This folk remedy fights nervous disorders accompanying premenstrual syndrome. Take 1 tbsp. crushed plant, place in a container and pour 500 ml of boiling water. Infuse the decoction for 15 minutes. You need to drink it warm several times a day, regardless of meals.
- Tea with fireweed. This is the second name for Ivan tea. 1 tbsp. dried and crushed plant should be poured into 0.5 l cold water and put the mixture on low heat. Boil the broth for a couple of minutes, then leave in a warm place for an hour. Take 1/2 cup of the strained drink before meals.
Good health to you!
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) (also called premenstrual tension, cyclic or premenstrual illness) is a complex of physical and mental symptoms that are cyclical and occur several days before the onset of menstruation. This specific condition is caused by the pathological course of the second phase of the menstrual cycle, which is characteristic of most women.
It has been revealed that the risk of developing PMS increases over the years. According to statistics, city residents are more susceptible to this disease than rural ones. About ninety percent of women of reproductive age experience some changes in their body that occur before the approach of menstruation, usually seven to ten days before it begins. In some women, these manifestations of symptoms are mild and do not affect daily life(mild form of PMS), accordingly, do not require treatment, but in others (about 3-8%), the symptoms manifest themselves in a severe form, requiring mandatory medical intervention. The fact that certain symptoms manifest themselves cyclically makes it possible to distinguish PMS from other diseases.
Changes of an emotional and physical nature in a woman’s state before menstruation pass almost immediately after their onset. If symptoms are observed throughout the entire menstrual cycle, you should consult a doctor, since the cause of this condition may not be PMS at all, but more serious illness. In this case, consultation with a psychiatrist is recommended.
Causes of premenstrual syndrome.
More recently, premenstrual syndrome was considered a kind of disorder psychological nature, has not yet been proven that it is based on changes in hormone levels in the body. The presence or absence of premenstrual tension syndrome in women is due to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle and various reactions on them the body of every representative of the fair sex.
The most common causes of PMS are:
- Violation of water-salt metabolism.
- Hereditary predisposition.
- Frequent stress and conflict situations in the family (in most cases, PMS develops in women of a certain mental make-up: overly irritable, thin, overly concerned about their health).
- Hormonal imbalances, namely, disturbances in the levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone in the second phase of the menstrual cycle (the level of estrogen increases with insufficient function of the corpus luteum with a decrease in the level of progesterone, which affects the nervous and emotional state of the woman).
- Increased secretion of the hormone prolactin, against the background of which changes occur in the mammary glands.
- Various thyroid diseases.
- Not good nutrition: lack of vitamin B6, as well as zinc, magnesium, calcium.
- Cyclic fluctuations in the levels of certain substances (neurotransmitters) in the brain (particularly endorphins) that affect mood.
As mentioned earlier, with the onset of menstruation, PMS symptoms completely disappear or are significantly reduced. There are several main forms of PMS that have pronounced symptoms:
- Psychovegetative form, in which PMS manifests itself in the form of forgetfulness, excessive irritability, conflict, touchiness, often tearfulness, weakness, fatigue, drowsiness or insomnia, constipation, numbness of the hands, decreased libido, unpredictable outbursts of anger or depression, sensitivity to odors, flatulence. . It has been noted that most often in young women of reproductive age, premenstrual tension syndrome is expressed in the form of attacks of depression, and in adolescents in adolescence, aggressiveness prevails.
- Edema form of PMS, most often characterized by engorgement and soreness of the mammary glands, as well as swelling of the fingers, face, legs, slight weight gain, itching of the skin, acne, muscle pain, weakness, sweating, bloating.
- Cephalgic form of PMS In this form, the main symptoms are headaches, dizziness, fainting, increased irritability, nausea and vomiting. I note that headaches with this form can be paroxysmal, accompanied by swelling and redness of the face.
- "Crisis" form, in which symptoms of the so-called “ panic attacks" - increase blood pressure, increased heart rate, attacks of compression behind the sternum, fear of death. Basically, this condition worries women with this form of PMS in evening time, or at night. This form is mainly observed in premenopausal women (aged 45-47 years). In most cases, patients with a crisis form of PMS are diagnosed with diseases gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and cardiovascular system.
- Atypical form of PMS accompanied by an increase in body temperature to 38°C with migraine attacks during menstruation, ulcerative gingivitis and stomatitis, attacks of suffocation before and during menstruation.
- A combination of several forms of PMS at once (mixed). As a rule, there is a combination of psychovegetative and edematous forms.
- The mild form is characterized by the manifestation of three to four symptoms, one or two of which predominate.
- The severe form is expressed in the simultaneous manifestation of from five to twelve symptoms, in which two to five symptoms are the most pronounced.
Stages of premenstrual syndrome.
There are three stages of PMS:
- compensated, in which the severity of the symptoms of the disease is insignificant, with the onset of menstruation the symptoms disappear, while the disease does not develop with age;
- subcompensated, which has pronounced symptoms that affect a woman’s ability to work, and over the years the manifestations of PMS only get worse;
- decompensated stage, expressed in severe symptoms that persist for several days after the end of menstruation.
Since the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome are quite extensive, some women confuse it with other diseases, often turning to the wrong specialists (therapist, neurologist, psychiatrist) for help. Only a thorough examination can reveal the cause of the disease.
Diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome.
To make a diagnosis, the doctor examines the patient’s medical history and listens to any existing complaints. The cyclical nature of attacks is the first sign of PMS.
To diagnose the disease, blood tests for hormones done in both phases of the menstrual cycle (prolactin, estradiol, progesterone) are examined. Depending on the form of PMS, the hormonal characteristics of patients differ. For example, with the edematous form of PMS, a decrease in progesterone levels is observed in the second phase of the cycle, while with neuropsychic, cephalgic and crisis forms, the level of prolactin in the blood increases.
After this, taking into account the patient’s form and complaints, additional studies are carried out (mammography, MRI, blood pressure control, electroencephalography, measurements of daily diuresis, etc.) with the involvement of other specialists (endocrinologist, neurologist, therapist, psychiatrist).
For the most accurate diagnosis of the disease, as well as to identify the dynamics of the treatment, experts recommend that all patients with PMS write down their complaints in detail every day in a kind of diary.
Treatment of premenstrual syndrome.
Treatment is carried out comprehensively, regardless of the form of the disease.
To eliminate psycho-emotional manifestations, psychotropic and sedative drugs are prescribed: seduxen, Rudotel and antidepressants Tsipramine, Coaxil. It is recommended to take these medications for two months in both phases of the menstrual cycle.
To normalize the levels of sex hormones, hormonal drugs are prescribed:
- gestagens (Utrozhestan and Duphaston) during the second phase of the menstrual cycle;
- monophasic combined oral contraceptives (Zhanine, Logest, Yarina and others), which are well tolerated by patients, are suitable for all women of reproductive age in the absence of contraindications;
- androgen derivatives (Danazol) if available severe pain in the mammary glands;
- premenopausal women are prescribed GnRH agonists (gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists) - Zoladex, Buserelin, which block the process of ovarian functioning, excluding ovulation, thereby eliminating the symptoms of PMS.
Symptomatic therapy is carried out in the form of additional treatment to the main one, in order to quickly eliminate the symptoms of PMS: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Indomethacin, Diclofenac) and antihistamines ( allergic reactions) - Tavegil, Suprastin.
For the treatment of premenstrual syndrome, homeopathic medications are often prescribed, in particular Mastodinon and Remens are herbal non-hormonal remedies, the effect of which extends directly to the cause of PMS. In particular, they normalize the imbalance of hormones, reducing the manifestations of the disease of a psychological nature (irritability, feelings of anxiety and fear, tearfulness). Mastodinon is often recommended for the edematous form of the disease, including chest pain. It is prescribed to be taken twice a day, thirty drops, diluted with water, for three months. If the drug is in tablet form, then take one tablet twice a day. The drug Remens is also taken for three months, ten drops, or one tablet three times a day. Both drugs have virtually no contraindications: excessive sensitivity to the components of the drugs, age restrictions - up to 12 years, pregnancy and lactation.
If the cause of the development of PMS is a lack of B vitamins and magnesium, then vitamins of this group (Magne B6), as well as calcium to prevent osteoporosis and iron to combat anemia, are prescribed.
The course of treatment averages from three to six months, depending on the severity of the disease.
Self-treatment of premenstrual syndrome.
To speed up the recovery process, as well as rapid rehabilitation, it is necessary to lead a certain lifestyle:
- Proper nutrition - limit the consumption of coffee, salt, cheese, chocolate, fats (they provoke the occurrence of PMS manifestations such as migraines), include fish, rice, dairy products, legumes, vegetables, fruits, and herbs in the diet. To maintain insulin levels in the blood, it is recommended to eat at least five to six times a day in small portions.
- Exercising two to three times a week helps increase the level of endorphins that improve your mood. However, you should not overuse exercise, as excessive amounts only aggravate the symptoms of PMS.
- You need to keep an eye on your emotional state, try not to be nervous, avoid stressful situations, get enough sleep (at least eight to nine hours of full sleep).
- As an aid, it is recommended to use herbal medicine: tincture of motherwort or valerian, thirty drops three times a day, warm chamomile tea, green tea with mint.
- It is recommended to take as much vitamin C as possible. It has been proven that women with PMS get sick more often, this is due to weakening immune system before menstruation, making her vulnerable to viral and bacterial infections.
Lack of timely treatment threatens the transition of the disease to the decompensated stage, characterized by severe depressive disorders, cardiovascular complications (high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, heart pain). In addition, the number of symptom-free days between cycles decreases over time.
Prevention of PMS.
- systematic use of oral contraceptives in the absence of contraindications;
- healthy lifestyle;
- regular sex life;
- exclusion of stressful situations.
Good day, dear readers!
In this article we will consider questions about PMS: what is PMS, causes and signs of PMS, how to relieve premenstrual syndrome etc. So…
What is PMS?
PMS (premenstrual syndrome)- a special period for many women, occurring 2-10 days before the onset, which is characterized by psycho-emotional, vegetative-vascular and metabolic-endocrine disorders.
About 75% of women experience PMS to varying degrees, 10% of whom have symptoms so severe that they become unable to work.
An interesting fact is also that not only women, but also men are showing interest in PMS online, perhaps trying to find a solution to the sometimes strange behavior of their other halves.
PMS symptoms
Each woman has her own individual symptoms of premenstrual syndrome and a different number of them. Depending on various factors, the signs of PMS may be less or more pronounced each time.
Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome:
- frequent mood changes;
- tearfulness;
- forgetfulness;
- anxiety, feeling of fear;
- attacks of irritability, aggression;
- psychological stress;
- fast fatiguability;
- increased appetite;
- swelling;
- swelling and pain in the chest;
- lower abdominal pain;
- pain in the lower back and legs;
- cardiopalmus;
- weight gain;
There are several theories that explain the causes and complexity of PMS.
Hormonal theory. It is assumed that the development and course of premenstrual syndrome is associated with an excess of estrogen and a lack of progesterone.
Theory of water intoxication. This theory believes that the appearance and complexity of PMS is determined by changes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and high level serotonin.
The theory of prostaglandin disorders. Explains the presence and course of premenstrual syndrome by changes in the balance of prostaglandin E1.
Neuropeptide metabolism disorder(serotonin, dopamine, opioids, norepinephrine, etc.). Pituitary melanostimulating hormone, when interacting with beta-endorphin, can promote mood changes. Endorphins increase the level of prolactin, vasopressin and inhibit the action of prostaglandin E in the intestines, resulting in swelling of the mammary glands, etc.
The development of PMS can also be facilitated by:, (in particular, deficiency of vitamins, and -, and), childbirth, abortion, neuroinfections, genetic factor (the presence and nature of PMS can be inherited), etc.
Types of PMS
The PMS classification divides premenstrual syndrome into the following types:
Forms of PMS according to the predominance of symptoms:
Edema form of PMS. This form is characterized by the following symptoms: swelling of the legs, face, fingers, pain and swelling of the mammary glands, thirst, sweating, itching, gastrointestinal disorders (or constipation), irritability, headaches, weight gain.
Neuropsychic form. Characterized by irritability, aggressiveness, depression, apathy, and fatigue. Some women may experience olfactory and auditory hallucinations, sadness, fear, memory loss, suicidal thoughts, reasonless laughter or crying. You may also experience symptoms such as dizziness, headache, flatulence, loss of appetite, soreness and swelling of the mammary glands, sexual disorders.
Cephalgic form. Manifested by neurological and vegetative-vascular symptoms: headache, pain with nausea, dizziness, diarrhea, rapid heartbeat, pain in the heart, increased sensitivity to odors, aggressiveness, irritability and insomnia.
Crisis form. In this form of premenstrual syndrome, sympathoadrenal crises occur, during which pain in the heart area and a feeling of fear may also occur. The attacks usually end with profuse urination. This form of PMS can occur due to stressful situations or overwork, and can also develop as a result of untreated edematous, neuropsychic or cephalgic forms. Women over 40 are more susceptible to the crisis form.
Forms of PMS by severity, duration and number of symptoms:
Light form. Symptoms appear 2-10 days before the onset of menstruation, most often there are 3-4 of them, only 1 or 2 symptoms are significantly pronounced.
Severe form. Symptoms occur 3-14 days before the start of your period. There are 5-12 symptoms in total. At the same time, 2-5 or all of them are expressed to the maximum.
Diagnosis of PMS
To diagnose PMS, you need to contact. He will get acquainted with the patient’s complaints and medical history. Diagnosis of PMS will be helped by the cyclical nature of attacks of the disease and symptoms that occur before the onset of menstruation and weaken or disappear when it appears.
To confirm the diagnosis, it is also necessary to determine the level of hormones in the blood in different phases of the menstrual cycle, then it is necessary to determine the form of PMS based on the presence of symptoms, their number and severity.
For some forms of PMS, the following examinations may be prescribed:
- consultation with a neurologist, psychiatrist, mammologist;
- , or skulls;
- mammary glands and mammography;
- samples of Reberg, Zimnitsky, etc.
Gynecologists recommend that women keep a diary in which symptoms should be described and noted. Such records can be kept in a notepad, or you can install a special “women’s” application on your smartphone, where it is possible to describe all the symptoms by day. These records will help make a diagnosis and also reflect the dynamics of the therapy (if any).
PMS treatment 
How to relieve or alleviate premenstrual syndrome? Treatment for premenstrual syndrome includes:
- rest;
— physical therapy;
- massage;
— balanced diet(consumption of alcoholic beverages, chocolate and caffeine is not recommended).
Premenstrual syndrome - medications
Medicines for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome are prescribed strictly individually and only by a doctor, depending on the severity of PMS and its clinical manifestations.
In mild forms of the syndrome, magnesium supplements and sedatives are usually recommended to make you feel better.
IN severe cases Hormonal drugs, antidepressants, diuretics and painkillers may be prescribed.
Medicines to relieve or relieve symptoms of premenstrual syndrome:“Valerian”, “Peony extract”, “Glycine”, “Saridon”, “Belastezin”, “Spazmalgon”, “No-shpa”.
How to relieve PMS with folk remedies
Tincture. Take the purchased ready-made tincture 10 drops 3 times a day before meals.
Tincture. Drink 20-30 drops of tincture.
Aroma oils. Light lavender, sage or oil in an aroma lamp tea tree, they will help you relax and calm down.
Massage. A light massage will relieve pain. The massage consists of stroking, kneading, vibration, sawing and shaking the rectus and oblique muscles of the abdomen, sternum, lower back, spine and gluteal region.
Prevention of PMS
To make premenstrual syndrome less painful and not cause inconvenience to the fair sex and the people around them, you must adhere to the following recommendations:
- eat properly, mainly foods rich in microelements;
— take additional vitamins, especially in winter and spring;
- Limit your consumption of caffeine-containing drinks - coffee, energy drinks;
— get enough sleep, follow a work and rest schedule;
Video about PMS
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