Article 46. Guarantees for a police officer in connection with his service in the police 1. A police officer for official purposes is provided with travel documents for all types of public transport (except taxis) for urban, suburban and local traffic in the order

Was part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Initially (from August 6, 1880 to February 18, 1883) it was called the “State Police Department.” It was in charge of security departments, police agencies, detective departments, address desks and fire brigades.

The Police Department was abolished after the February Revolution by decree of the Provisional Government of March 10, 1917. Instead, it was established within the Ministry of Internal Affairs " Temporary Department for Public Police Affairs and Ensuring Personal and Property Security of Citizens", since June 19, renamed to " Main Directorate for Police Affairs and Ensuring Personal and Property Security of Citizens", in turn liquidated by the October Revolution after October 25, 1917. The tasks of the Directorate included organizing the activities of central and local police bodies and monitoring their activities, as well as permitting entry and exit abroad, supervision of prisoners of war and foreign nationals.

Department structure

By February 1917, the Department's apparatus consisted of a Special Department (with an intelligence department), nine office operations, a secret unit, an office and an inspection department.

• 1st office work(“administrative”) (December 1880-1917) - dealt with general police affairs, personnel of the Police Department, maintaining lists of police ranks and official reshuffles for police positions from class VI and above, assigning pensions, benefits, rewarding, spending funds placed at disposal DP, cases of production and distribution of counterfeit money, announcement of government demands to persons abroad to return them to their homeland. Since March 1883, it has been in charge of considering allegations of police misconduct, reports from governors on audits of police institutions, and Senate decisions on holding police officers accountable. Since 1907, questions about loans and pensions have moved into the 3rd office work.
• 2nd office work(“legislative”) (December 1880-1917) - carried out the organization and control of the activities of police institutions, the development of instructions, circulars, rules for the leadership of police officials in the subjects of their official activities, monitoring the exact implementation of laws and statutes, the highest commands, decrees of the Government Senate on all matters relating to maintaining order in police departments. It was engaged in the protection and renewal of state borders and boundary markers, the prevention and suppression of crimes against personal and property security, the approval of the charters of public meetings and clubs, the permission of balls, masquerades, dance evenings, the supervision of drinking and tavern establishments, the implementation of laws and regulations on passports, the settlement relations between workers and factory owners, factory owners, employers (since 1881), acceptance of Russian subjects from abroad (after January 1, 1889): minors, runaways, criminals, registration of passports, provision of passports for Russian subjects to enter Russia (except for political ones). Since January 1901, the activities of the 2nd office included questions about changing county boundaries, collecting donations, establishing the posts of border commissioners, approving racing and running societies, and the pilgrimage of Mohammedans. From January 3, 1914, this paperwork included questions about declaring localities in a “state of exception,” about extending the period of enhanced and emergency security, about establishing separate police positions at the expense of cities, about preferential transportation of the unemployed, and about admitting the insane to the empire. , sick, poor Russian citizens, on the organization of police surveillance in coastal and commercial ports, on the expulsion of foreign citizens, on the importation of airplanes and cars into the empire, on the consideration of complaints in connection with the imposition of administrative penalties by governors, mayors, and commanders-in-chief for violation of mandatory regulations issued by them . Since December 24, 1915, the 2nd office dealt with the application of labor legislation.
• 3rd office work(until 1898 - “secret”) (December 1880-1917) - political investigation: supervision of political organizations and parties, the fight against them, as well as against the mass movement, the leadership of all domestic and foreign agents, was in charge of the protection of the emperor and senior dignitaries, and the expenditure of funds allocated for political investigations. Since 1889, it has carried out secret police supervision. On January 1, 1898, the most important matters of the 3rd office were transferred to Special department, where there was a card index of revolutionary and public figures of Russia, a collection of photographs and illegal publications of all political parties in Russia.
• 4th office work(1883-1902, 1907-1917) - monitoring the progress of political inquiries in the provincial gendarmerie departments, after restoration in 1907 - monitoring the mass worker and peasant movement, the State Duma (all convocations);
• 5th office work(“executive”) (1883--1917) - public police and secret supervision, execution of decisions of the Special Meeting of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
• 6th office work(1894-1917) - control over the manufacture, storage and transportation of explosives, issues of factory legislation, compliance with regulations determining the position of the Jewish population. In June 1900, the responsibilities of this office work included correspondence with the Ministry of Finance on the issues of awarding police officers for their services in cases of government sales of “drinks”, taking measures against the theft of weapons and on allowing the transportation of weapons and explosives across the border, against vagrancy, counterfeiting money signs. In January 1901, functions were added in connection with the application of statutes on private gold mining and private oil production. Since 1907, the 6th office began to draw up certificates at the request of various institutions about the political reliability of persons entering the state and zemstvo service. In June 1912, this office work merged with the 5th, to which all its functions were transferred. On October 30, 1912, the 6th office was restored, but in the form of the central reference apparatus of the DP. In the office work there was a reference part of all office work and departments of the DP, a Central reference alphabet, a reference desk. In the 6th office work, information about the political reliability of persons entering the state and zemstvo service was concentrated. On March 27, 1915, the 6th office work was annexed to the Special Department, which became known as the 6th office work (September 5, 1916, the Special Department was restored with its previous responsibilities).
• 7th office work(“observational”) (1902-1917) inherited the functions of the 4th office of monitoring investigations on political affairs with the transfer of all its functions and the archive. Monitored formal inquiries carried out at the gendarmerie departments, compiled certificates for the investigative authorities about the revolutionary activities of persons involved in investigations in cases of state crimes, considered all kinds of petitions from the accused or persons conducting the investigation, requests for an extension of the period of arrest or a change in the measure suppression; from May 1905, the 7th office was entrusted with drawing up search circulars, maintaining correspondence within the prison department (about the number of prisoners, riots in prisons, escapes, etc.); from January 3, 1914, office work was assigned responsibilities for the legal and consular part: development of all bills relating to the structure, activities and staffing of the police, correspondence on these bills, development of legislative proposals on issues related to the conduct of traffic police, conclusions on these proposals, instructions and rules , developed by other institutions, but submitted for conclusion or review to the DP.;
• 8th office work(1908-1917) was in charge of detective departments (criminal investigation agencies), relations with foreign police agencies, organizing the work of the school of instructors, managing the photography of the police department.
• 9th office work(1914-1917) - created in April 1914 on the basis of the abolished Special Department, with all the duties previously performed by the Special Department, war-related affairs (counterintelligence, supervision of prisoners of war, correspondence about subjects of enemy powers, etc. ).
• Special department (1898-1917) was created on January 1, 1898 as an independent structure on the basis of a special department of the 3rd office of the DP. His tasks included: political investigation in Russia and abroad, management of domestic and foreign agents, external surveillance of persons engaged in anti-government activities, secret surveillance of the correspondence of private individuals, the political mood of students, the mood of workers, investigation in political matters, registration works of illegal press, consideration of material evidence received by the DP for inquiries, correspondence with the Main Directorate for Press Affairs and the Main Directorate of Posts and Telegraphs on the confiscation of illegal literature, compilation of collections, lists of illegal literature, compilation of a general catalog of revolutionary publications stored in the library of the DP, issuance of him certificates. A personalized alphabetical card index (55,000 cards), a library of revolutionary publications (5,000 copies), and 20,000 photographs were transferred to the Special Department. With the growth of the revolutionary and social movement, the creation of parties, public organizations, women's, cooperative and trade union movements, the responsibilities of the Special Department expanded. January 17, 1905 The special department is divided into 4 sections. In July 1906, after another reorganization, the Special Department was divided into two completely independent divisions with different vice-directors supervising them: Special Department “A” and Special Department “B”. The special department “L” dealt with issues of political investigation, monitoring the activities of political parties, managing the activities of local investigative agencies, developing intelligence information and surveillance data, issuing investigative circulars, forming a library of revolutionary publications, correspondence on it, organizing foreign agents, monitoring revolutionary propaganda in the troops, managing the department of photographs, deciphering cryptograms, compiling “most loyal” notes. Special Department “B” dealt with monitoring the social movement, trade unions, which had and did not have a political overtones, revolutionary protests among workers, peasants, speeches of railway employees, telegraph operators, preparation of reports on strikes, strikes, illegal congresses, and the deployment of troops. After the reorganization on January 3, 1907, Special Department “A” with its functions became a Special Department. Special department “B” was renamed 4th office work. April 15, 1914 The special department is liquidated, and all its functions and materials are transferred to the newly created structure - the 9th office. The next transformation of the former Special Department took place on March 27, 1915, when, with the reorganization of the 9th and 6th office work, the former Special Department became the 6th office work. It now includes a central reference alphabet and all DP reference work. In September 1916, the name “Special Department” was restored with its previous functions and the 6th office with responsibilities for reference work.

• Police Department Cipher Section(1881-1917) - ensured the secrecy of correspondence, decryption of intercepted and redrawn correspondence, storage and development of new ones: ciphers, decryptors, instructions for encryption keys of institutions and individuals, including secret telegraph keys of the chief of gendarmes, the minister of war, military ciphers for telegraph communications between heads of military districts and corps commanders, codes for correspondence with governors, heads of provincial gendarmerie departments and gendarme police departments railways, with the chiefs of city and county police.

Director of the Police Department

The general management of the Police Department and the Separate Corps of Gendarmes since 1882 was carried out by Comrade Minister of Internal Affairs, Head of Police(aka, commander of the Corps of Gendarmes; chief of gendarmes was the Minister of Internal Affairs). The Police Department was headed by a director, appointed by order of the Minister of Internal Affairs for the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

• August 17, 1880 - April 12, 1881 - Baron I. O. Velio,
• April 15, 1881 - July 20, 1884 - V. K. Pleve,
• July 21, 1884 - February 3, 1893 - P. N. Durnovo,

Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, body of political investigation and police management of Russia (August 6, 1880 - February 1917). Inherited the affairs of the Third Department. The main task of D.p. there was the prevention and suppression of crimes and the protection of public safety and order. In charge of D.p. there were security departments, police agencies, detective departments, address desks and fire brigades. General guidance D.p. and a separate corps of gendarmes was carried out since 1882 by the Comrade Minister of the Interior.

D.p. headed by the director. D.p. apparatus by February 1917 it consisted of a Special Department, nine office operations and other parts. 1st office - administrative, was in charge of general police affairs (police personnel). 2nd office work - legislative, was in charge of drawing up police instructions, circulars, and bills. The 3rd office, secret and most important, was in charge of all matters of political investigation: supervision of political organizations and parties, the fight against them, and with the mass movement, as well as the management of all internal (public and secret) and foreign agents, the tsar’s security. On January 1, 1898, the most important cases of the 3rd office were transferred to the Special Department. (The special department of the D.P. (1898–1917) by 1917 had 7 departments: 1st - of a general nature and correspondence, 2nd - on the affairs of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, 3rd - on the affairs of the Bolshevik and Menshevik parties, 4 1st – on bourgeois organizations of the national outskirts of Russia, 5th – on code analysis, 6th – investigative, 7th – on certificates of political reliability). 4th office work D.p. monitored the progress of political inquiries in the provincial gendarmerie departments, supervised the workers' and peasants' movement, as well as the activities of legal societies, organizations, zemstvos and city self-government bodies; The 5th office was in charge of public and secret supervision; The 6th office monitored the production, storage and transportation of explosives, factory legislation and its implementation, the issuance of certificates of political reliability to persons entering the state and zemstvo service; The 7th office work inherited the functions of the 4th office to monitor inquiries in political cases; The 8th office was in charge of detective departments (criminal investigation agencies); The 9th office was in charge of matters related to the war (counterintelligence, supervision of prisoners of war, etc.).

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Police Department

The real organization of the new body of political investigation began after the issuance of the emperor’s decree of November 15, 1880 “On the unification of the State Police Department and the Executive Police into one institution - the State Police Department.” The decree determined the structure of this department, approved its staffing table and resolved the issue of financing. The last state security body of Tsarist Russia received its final name - the Police Department - only in 1883 with the addition to the State Police Department of the judicial department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which was in charge of supervising political inquiries. Despite all the mergers, the number of the new state security body continued to remain relatively small: in 1881 - 125 people, in 1895 - 153, in 1899 - 174 people (statewide - 42). The proven two-tier vertical of political investigation bodies was maintained. Instead of the head of the Third Department, the chief of gendarmes was now the Minister of the Interior, and the comrade of the minister who was in charge of the police (this position was introduced on June 25, 1882) became, as a rule, the commander of the Separate Corps of Gendarmes. Although the main activities of the gendarmes were carried out under the control of the Police Department, they were subordinate to the headquarters of their corps in terms of combat, personnel and economic matters. In this regard, the directors of the Police Department often complained that it was difficult for them to achieve unconditional discipline from the gendarmes, since the real levers of influence over them (assignment of officer ranks, promotion and salary) were in the hands of the corps headquarters, and not the chief of police. From its predecessor, the Police Department also inherited his residence on Fontanka, 16. Article 362 “Institutions of the Ministry” determined the following responsibilities of the Police Department: 1) preventing and suppressing crimes and maintaining public safety and order; 2) conducting cases of state crimes; 3) organization and monitoring of the activities of police institutions; 4) protection of state borders and border communications; issuing passports to Russian citizens, residence permits in Russia to foreigners, expulsion of foreigners from Russia; monitoring all types of cultural and educational activities and approving the charters of various societies. These responsibilities were subsequently detailed by departmental instructions and distributed across the structures of this body. Initially, the Police Department was divided into three departments. The first (administrative). “Dealt with general police affairs, the personnel of the Police Department, maintaining lists of police ranks and official reshuffles in police positions from class VI and above, assigning pensions, benefits, rewarding, spending funds placed at the disposal of the DP, cases of production and distribution of counterfeit money, announcing to persons abroad the government's demands to return them to their homeland. Since March 1883, it has been in charge of considering allegations of police misconduct, reports from governors on audits of police institutions, and Senate decisions on holding police officers accountable. Since 1907, questions about loans and pensions have moved into the 3rd office work”3. Second (legislative). “Carried out the organization and control of the activities of police institutions, the development of instructions, circulars, rules for the leadership of police officials in the subjects of their official activities, monitoring the exact implementation of laws and statutes, the highest commands, decrees to the Governing Senate, all issues related to maintaining order in police departments . It was engaged in the protection and renewal of state borders and boundary markers, the prevention and suppression of crimes against personal and property security, the approval of the charters of public meetings and clubs, the permission of balls, masquerades, dance evenings, the supervision of drinking establishments and taverns, the implementation of laws and regulations on passports, the settlement relations between workers and factory owners, factory owners, employers (since 1881), acceptance of Russian subjects from abroad (after January 1, 1889): minors, runaways, criminals, registration of passports, provision of passports for Russian subjects to enter Russia (for except for political ones). Since January 1901, the activities of the 2nd office included questions about changing county boundaries, collecting donations, establishing the posts of border commissioners, approving racing and running societies, and the pilgrimage of Mohammedans. From January 3, 1914, this paperwork included questions about declaring localities in a “state of exception,” about extending the period of enhanced and emergency security, about establishing separate police positions at the expense of cities, about preferential transportation of the unemployed, and about admitting the insane to the empire. , sick, poor Russian citizens, on the organization of police surveillance in coastal and commercial ports, on the expulsion of foreign citizens, on the importation of airplanes and cars into the empire, on the consideration of complaints in connection with the imposition of administrative penalties by governors, mayors, and commanders-in-chief for violation of mandatory regulations issued by them . Since December 24, 1915, the 2nd office dealt with the application of labor legislation”4. The third, so-called secret, office work dealt with issues of political investigation and supervised the domestic and foreign agents of the Police Department, the protection of the emperor and his family, and was in charge of monitoring revolutionary activities in Russia, its prevention and suppression. The necessary information came to the Police Department through several channels: through the inspection of letters, external surveillance and internal agents represented by informants and secret employees. If the latter were agents inserted by the police into anti-government organizations, then the informants were not members of them and therefore did not participate in illegal activities. As a rule, informants were recruited from among janitors, footmen, waiters and people of other professions, who, due to their occupation, were often located in places with large crowds of people. It was secret employees who were most valued, and the 1907 instruction on the organization and conduct of internal surveillance in gendarmerie and investigative institutions especially emphasized: “It should always be borne in mind that one, even a weak, secret employee located in the environment being examined (“party employee”) , will disproportionately provide more material for detecting a state crime than a society in which the head of the search may officially move. Therefore, no one and nothing can replace a secret employee located in a revolutionary environment or another society under investigation.” The murder of Emperor Alexander II by the Narodnaya Volya on March 1, 1881 put an end to the “dictatorship of the heart” of Loris Melikov, but did not affect the body of political investigation created by him, which soon even expanded from two new records established in 1883 (in addition to the already existing ones). The fourth office began to monitor the progress of political inquiries in the provincial gendarmerie departments. It was created in March 1883 and existed until September 1902, when the next 7th office work was organized, where all its functions and documents were transferred. “The new 4th office was created in January 1907 during the next reorganization of the Police Department on the basis of the second branch of the Special Section of the Department. He was entrusted with the duties of monitoring the workers’ and peasants’ movement, the political direction of legal societies, zemstvo unions, city and estate institutions, and registering cases of the press and monasteries.”5 Fifth office work (“executive”). It was created in 1883 on the basis of the 2nd office of the judicial department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. His functions included drafting reports for a Special Meeting chaired by the Comrade Minister of Internal Affairs on the administrative expulsion of a number of persons in connection with their political unreliability under the public supervision of the police. In charge of correspondence on the implementation of decisions of the Special Meeting, supervision of the application by institutions subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, “Regulations on secret supervision” of 1882 (until January 1, 1889), “Regulations on state protection”, “Regulations on public police supervision”, rules on expulsion, detention in prisons, on changing the regulations on supervised persons. In June 1912, the 5th office was merged with the 6th, and all its functions were transferred to it. After another reorganization in the Department in January 1914, the functions of the 5th office were again clarified. By this time, in addition to preparing materials for the report at the Special Meeting, executing the decisions taken, drawing up reports to the minister on the revision of decisions, the 5th office began to carry out correspondence on petitions of persons serving exile, about persons expelled by order of local authorities in accordance with the rules on enhanced and emergency protection, about deportation from the Caucasian, Steppe, Turkestan regions on the basis of special legal provisions, about deportation from the capital different persons for beggary and lack of a passport in accordance with special legal provisions, correspondence about the expulsion of horse thieves, reports and correspondence about the issuance of loans for the maintenance, clothing, treatment and movement of persons serving exile and supervision, about persons who fled from places of eviction, correspondence about persons who were expelled to remote areas of the province was replaced by travel abroad for the same period.”6 In 1894, the Sixth Office was formed, in charge of various issues related to the sphere of activity of the Police Department, which included the manufacture, storage and transportation of explosives (this was previously handled by the Second Office), development and supervision of the implementation of factory legislation, etc. “In June 1900, the responsibilities of this office included correspondence with the Ministry of Finance on the issues of awarding police officers for their services in cases of government sales of “drinks”, taking measures against the theft of weapons and permitting the transportation of weapons and explosives across the border, against vagrancy, counterfeiting banknotes. In January 1901, functions were added in connection with the application of statutes on private gold mining and private oil production. Since 1907, the 6th office began to draw up certificates at the request of various institutions about the political reliability of persons entering the state and zemstvo service. In June 1912, this office work merged with the 5th, to which all its functions were transferred. On October 30, 1912, the 6th office work was restored, but in the form of the central reference apparatus of the DP. In the office work there was a reference part of all office work and departments of the DP, a Central reference alphabet, a reference desk. In the 6th record keeping, information about the political reliability of persons entering the state and zemstvo service was concentrated. On March 27, 1915, the 6th office work was annexed to the Special Department, which became known as the 6th office work (September 5, 1916, the Special Department was restored with its previous responsibilities).”7 In 1902, the Seventh (supervisory) office work was created, which was entrusted with the affairs of the abolished Fourth office work, i.e. monitoring the gendarmes' investigations into state crimes. “Since May 1905, the 7th office was entrusted with drawing up search circulars, maintaining correspondence within the prison department (about the number of prisoners, riots in prisons, escapes, etc.); from January 3, 1914, clerical duties were assigned to the legal advisory part: development of all bills relating to the structure, activities and staffing of the police, correspondence on these bills, development of legislative proposals on issues related to the conduct of traffic police, conclusions on these proposals, instructions and rules , developed by other institutions, but submitted for conclusion or review to the DP”8. In 1908, the Eighth Office of Records Management was established, in charge of the criminal investigation agencies, instructor school and photography of the Police Department. “Observed the activities of detective departments, drew up instructions and rules relating to criminal investigation activities, issued investigative circulars, communicated with foreign police agencies, organized the work of the school of instructors, and managed the photography of the police department. From January 3, 1915, he was involved in organizing detective departments. After December 1915, all reports from local authorities about incidents of a criminal nature (robberies, robberies) were transferred from the 4th office to the 8th.”9. The ninth office was created in April 1914 on the basis of the abolished Special Department (we will talk about it below) “with all the duties previously performed by the Special Department.” After the outbreak of the First World War, the 9th office began to deal with issues related to the fight against “German dominance,” questions about prisoners of war, and correspondence about subjects of enemy powers. During the next reorganization on March 27, 1915, when the Special Department began to be called the 6th office work, the 9th office work was preserved as a structure with functions related to wartime”10. The most important body in charge of political investigation in the Police Department was the Special Department. Initially, he was part of the Third Office, developing secret information and illustrating letters. As an independent structure, it stands out from it 17 years after the creation of the Police Department, on January 1, 1898. This was due to both the rapid growth of the labor movement (the number of strikes from 77 in 1894 increased to 258 in 1897), and a significant movement volume of departmental documentation. “In the near future,” noted the director of the Police Department S.E. Zvolyansky in 1898, “an even more rapid increase in cases is expected, due to the increasing labor movement and the recognized need to streamline the search business in larger centers.” The third office, even “with the most intense efforts, could not cope with such overwhelming work.” To store and systematize the information received by the Police Department in 1907, a special Registration Department was formed within it, in which, on the basis of the registration cards transferred to it from individual office work, a general file cabinet of the department was formed. Information about the Social Democrats was recorded on blue cards, about the Socialist Revolutionaries - on red, anarchists - on green, cadets - on white, students - on yellow. In total, about 2.5 million cards were collected in the card index. Based on these data, the Police Department compiled lists of persons subject to an all-Russian political search. As follows from the materials of the police archives, all those wanted on the lists were divided into several groups: “1. Persons subject to immediate arrest and search were included in list A 2. Socialist-revolutionaries, maximalists and anarchists were allocated to a special list A 1. 2. Wanted persons of all other categories, upon discovery of which it was necessary, without subjecting them to either search or arrest, to limit themselves to establishing observation, supervision or reporting their discovery to the searching agency were included in list B 1. Persons who were prohibited from entering the empire or who were expelled permanently or on known conditions abroad, as well as foreigners subject to special surveillance, were allocated to list B 2. 3. Information about unidentified revolutionaries, accompanied by photographs for identification and identification, was included in list B. 4. Information about persons whose search was subject to termination was placed in list G...” The most important links in the political investigation system of the Russian Empire were the local bodies of the Police Department - Security departments (okhrana), whose short-term heyday occurred during the reign of Nicholas II. Back in 1866, after Karakozov’s shot, a new body of political investigation was created under the St. Petersburg city government - the Department for the Protection of Public Order and Tranquility in the Capital. However, until the appointment of M.T. LorisMelikova for the post of Minister of Internal Affairs, it eked out a miserable existence. In 1880, the new minister ordered the creation of a Secret Investigation Department at the office of the Moscow Chief of Police. The St. Petersburg security department consisted of 12 employees, the Moscow one - of 6. The instructions approved for these departments indicated that they were established “to carry out covert and other searches and investigations in cases of state crimes in order to prevent and suppress them.” At the same time, in 1880, the third security department was created - in Warsaw. The new organizational structure began to develop rapidly at the beginning of the last century, which is explained both by the weakening of coordination between the Police Department and the Separate Corps of Gendarmes, and by the avalanche-like growth in the number of underground revolutionary organizations that covered entire regions with their network of circles. By the end of 1902, the Minister of Internal Affairs V. K. Plehve creates search branches in eight more cities: Vilno, Ekaterinoslav, Kazan, Kyiv, Odessa, Saratov, Tiflis and Kharkov. Next year, at the request of the heads of these bodies, they are renamed from search departments to security departments. In 1906, the process of creating regional security departments began, covering several provinces (Moscow - 12, Samara - 11, Kiev - 5), and by the end of the year there were already 10 such departments. The creation of intermediate police structures between the center and provincial cities also stimulated the growth of grassroots security departments. Each security department consisted of an office and departments: external (filter) surveillance and an agent department, which was in charge of internal surveillance of underground organizations. The Moscow Security Department, headed by its chief, gendarmerie colonel S.V., claimed the role of bearer and disseminator of “advanced experience” throughout Russia. Zubatov, who held this position from 1896 to 1902, who even organized a “flying detachment of spies” that accompanied Moscow revolutionaries throughout the entire empire. The creation of a competing structure caused discontent among the leadership of the Separate Corps of Gendarmes, which sharply opposed such an innovation. In 1913, some of the security departments were liquidated, others were transferred to the position of search centers. The following year, the process of abolishing regional security departments began, of which by 1917 only three remained on the outskirts of the empire - Turkestan, Caucasus and East Siberian. Having managed to defeat the relatively small “People’s Will” at the beginning of its activities, the Police Department some time later encountered a much more massive workers’ and revolutionary movement, which forced it to switch to new tactics of struggle. As the investigator of the Extraordinary Investigative Commission of the Provisional Government, I. Moldavsky, subsequently established on the basis of the secret directives of this department, starting from the creation of security departments in 1903, the political police placed the main emphasis on the use of informants and provocateurs. The transition from predominantly external surveillance to the introduction of secret agents into underground organizations was finally consolidated by the Minister of Internal Affairs and Prime Minister P.A. Stolypin in his circulars dated February 10, 1907 and February 19, 1911. The Police Department is gradually relying not on the complete suppression of the underground, but on flooding it with its secret agents provocateurs, who ideally put conspiracy organizations under their full control. In its completed form, this idea was formulated by the head of the St. Petersburg security department, Colonel A.V. Gerasimov: “My task was to known cases to protect from arrests and preserve those centers of revolutionary parties in which there are loyal and reliable agents. This new tactic was dictated to me by taking into account the existing situation. During the period of the revolutionary movement, it would be an impossible, utopian task to catch all revolutionaries and liquidate all organizations. But every arrest of the revolutionary center under these conditions meant a disruption in the work of the secret agent sitting in it and obvious damage to the entire work of the political police. Therefore, wouldn’t it be more expedient to keep the existing revolutionary center under careful and systematic control, not to let it out of sight, to keep it under a glass cover - limiting itself primarily to individual arrests? Here, in general terms, is the scheme for setting up a political investigation and organizing a central agency that I carried out and which, despite all its complexity and danger, had a positive impact in the fight against renewed individual terror.” Although such tactics could immediately bring significant results, in the strategic plan of the fight against the revolutionary movement it was an unrealizable police utopia. The most notable successes of the Police Department in this field were the introduction of its agents Yevno Azef to the post of head of the “Combat Organization” of the Socialist Revolutionaries and Roman Malinovsky in the Central Committee of the RSDLP (in 1913 he headed the Bolshevik faction in the IV State Duma), which, however, did not lead to establishing control over these revolutionary parties. Moreover, provocation, while causing serious damage to underground organizations, turned out to be a double-edged sword. The agent provocateur Azef organizes the murder of the Minister of Internal Affairs, the chief of the Separate Corps of Gendarmes Plehve and the Moscow Governor General Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, and another provocateur, D. Bogrov, kills Prime Minister Stolypin. The results of the most large-scale provocations associated with the names of Azef, Talon, Malinovsky show what they ultimately brought to the ruling regime more harm than good. As for the total number of secret agents, as a result of the partial destruction of police archival documents, it is not possible to accurately determine it. Estimates of the number of secret agents of the Police Department and local political investigation institutions by various researchers range from 10 to 40 thousand people. However, all the efforts of the Police Department could not prevent the February Revolution of 1917, the beginning of which came as a complete surprise to this department. In the first days of the outbreak of the revolution, Minister of Internal Affairs A.D. Protopopov reported it to the Tsar as a minor unrest caused by a shortage of food in the capital, which would instantly subside as soon as the supply of food to Petrograd resumed after clearing snow drifts from the railway tracks. During these same days, the comrade minister responsible for political investigation was most concerned with the question of whether the streets of Yalta should be paved with paving stones or filled with asphalt. Meanwhile, the revolution that began on February 23 developed according to its own laws, and on February 27 the general political strike grew into an armed uprising, which was joined by soldiers of the Petrograd garrison. One of the first institutions of the tsarist regime was attacked by the Police Department, whose employees, without offering resistance, fled from house No. 16 on Fontanka. The crowd that broke into the building, which is believed to have included provocateurs who feared for their fate, destroyed and burned part of the secret archive. Many local security departments suffered a similar fate. The last state security organ of the Russian Empire ceased to exist along with the autocracy it protected.

Fund: 102
Inventory: 322
Storage unit: 301569
Case: 301569

The Police Department was the central institution of the state police of the Russian Empire (in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs), stood at the head of political and criminal investigation, carried out the development of measures to protect the social and state system of Russia, the development of bills and instructions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, leadership, coordination, control over the activities of police officers , gendarmerie, security and detective agencies, the fight against the social, revolutionary movement
in the country, monitoring the conduct of inquiries on political affairs, protecting the state border and border communications, issuing passports to Russian citizens and residence permits in Russia to foreigners, monitoring the manufacture, storage, trade, transportation of weapons and explosives, monitoring all types of cultural educational activities.
The functions of the DP were distributed among structural parts - office work. In the initial period of activity there were 3 office work. Over the 35 years of its activity, the number of office work has grown to 10 (1st - 9th office work and the Special Department). The DP included an archive (including the archive of the Third Department of His Imperial Majesty's own chancellery for 1846 - 1880), a treasury section, an economic commission and an economic committee, an executor's section, a secretarial section, and libraries.
The DP was headed by a director, appointed by order of the Minister of Internal Affairs for the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The DP was subordinate to the comrade of the Minister of Internal Affairs, the head of the police.
Op. 1 - 37, 258, 22384 units. chronicle, 1880 - 1917
1st office work (administrative)
Dealt with general police affairs, personnel of the Police Department, maintaining lists of police ranks and official reshuffles in police positions from class VI and above, assigning pensions, benefits, rewarding, spending funds placed at the disposal of the police department, cases of production and distribution of counterfeit money, announcements persons who are abroad, the government's demands to return them to their homeland. Since March 1883, it has been in charge of considering allegations of police misconduct, reports from governors on audits of police institutions, and Senate decisions on holding police officers accountable. Since 1907, questions about loans and pensions have moved into the 3rd office work.
Cases with petitions for appointment to serve in the DP and personal files of DP employees, correspondence about the appointment, transfer, dismissal of police officers, police chiefs, district commanders, about granting foreign leave, correspondence about nominations for honorary awards, about the assignment of pensions and cash benefits, about imposing administrative penalties on police officers and bringing them to trial on charges of official crimes. Cases on expenses for secret agents, maintenance of gendarmerie departments, security guards, security ranks attached to the Minister of Internal Affairs, on the issuance of secret benefits (by imperial command), on funds for business trips, on the appointment of benefits for the manufacture of clothing, shoes for persons consisting under the supervision of the police, on the assignment of monetary benefits to them, on the procedure for spending loans for these purposes.
Cases for 1881 - 1882 on the return of Russian subjects from abroad, on the expulsion of highlanders from the Caucasus, on easing their fate, on returning to their homeland, on the expulsion of foreigners recognized as “harmful” to Russia, on the transfer of foreigners and deserters at the request of their governments, on easing the fate of expelled participants Polish uprising of 1863. Reports of governors on the expenditure of loans for the detective part. The cases on increasing staffing and on police personnel contain brief information about the worker and peasant movement. Separate cases with reports from governors and heads of gendarmerie departments about strikes of workers at the paper spinning factory of the merchant Khludov in the village. Yartsevo, Smolensk province (1880 - 1881), at the Krenholm manufactory (1882), about unrest among peasants in the Vitebsk province during the delimitation of land, in the Vyatka province during the collection of taxes.
Circulars of the DP (since 1907) on the structure of the secret police, a journal of meetings of the economic commission under the DP, formed in 1910. Cases (1908-
1909) on the organization of the detective unit, in which, along with circulars, memos from the DP and correspondence with governors about the issuance of loans for the equipment of detective units, there are certificates on the situation of the criminal investigation in Russia, on the fight against horse theft, on the trade in weapons and explosives, on issues of international agreements on the prosecution of trafficking in women, on the results of an audit of detective departments in various provinces, on the fight against vagrancy, on the establishment of mobile brigades of criminal investigation inspectors based on the French model at the DP. Correspondence about the release of money for the maintenance of security guards, expenses for the execution of sentences of military district and military courts. Correspondence regarding the assignment of benefits and pensions.
Op. 38 - 76, 302, 262, 26602 units. chronicle, 1880 - 1917
2nd office work (legislative)
Carried out the organization and control over the activities of police institutions, the development of instructions, circulars, rules for the leadership of police officials in the subjects of their official activities, monitoring the exact implementation of laws and statutes, the highest commands, decrees to the Governing Senate, and all issues related to maintaining order in police departments. It was engaged in the protection and renewal of state borders and boundary markers, the prevention and suppression of crimes against personal and property security, the approval of the charters of public meetings and clubs, the permission of balls, masquerades, dance evenings, the supervision of drinking and tavern establishments, the implementation of laws and regulations on passports, the settlement relations between workers and factory owners, factory owners, employers (since 1881), acceptance of Russian subjects from abroad (after January 1, 1889): minors, runaways, criminals, registration of passports, provision of passports for Russian subjects to enter Russia
Materials 1881 - 1917 about the structure of the police, about the staff of the city police, city police teams, about strengthening the police in different provinces of Russia, about the organization of factory police, river police agencies, detective departments, about the establishment of special port police in military ports (1894), about the establishment of police supervision in Nizhny Novgorod during fairs, on the creation of a special city police department in Feodosia (1894), on the establishment of positions of police officers, on the opening of preparatory schools for them, on the duties of sotskys and tens, on the establishment of positions with private funds, on additional content, on arming and re-equipping the police, on changing the Instruction for police officers of the Caspian fisheries. Estimates of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
business Documents on the expulsion of foreign nationals abroad, on the preparation of rules for the application of provisions on residence permits, on changes to the law on foreign passports, and a list of issued foreign passports. Documents on the issuance of Russian residence permits to foreigners (1894), on the reform of the passport regulations, on the formation of a special commission for this purpose. Correspondence about providing assistance to emigrants from Bulgaria (1887), about the convention with Portugal on the mutual extradition of criminals (1887), about the intention of the Russian Tatars to move to Turkey (1894), about the coastal rights of owners of houses located along the Crimean coast Black Sea (1892).
Correspondence on the petition of the government of the North American United States to allow American whaling ships to enter Russian ports in the Bering and Okhotsk Seas, on the rights of Norwegian fisheries to catch fish in the waters of the Murmansk coast, on the conclusion of a new trade treaty between Russia and Greece.
Reports for the 1890s. governors and heads of provincial gendarmerie departments about the strike movement of workers and employees in railway transport, gold mines, factories and factories, about peasant unrest, Jewish pogroms in the cities of southern Russia (1881).
Cases of revolutionary uprisings of workers and peasants in different provinces of Russia during the government’s anti-cholera and anti-plague measures.
Cases (1889 - 1917) with extracts from governors' reports on the state of the provinces, with correspondence on the implementation of instructions on the reports, correspondence on the transformation of the administration of the Inner Kyrgyz Horde, on the first general census of the population of the Russian Empire. Correspondence (since 1897) on the approval of the charters of various societies and committees: the Committee for Gold Mining Affairs, the All-Russian League for the Fight against Tuberculosis, the Russian-French society "French Institute in St. Petersburg", the Committee of Consumer Societies, the Russian Society for the Preservation of Public Health, societies for the fight against the death penalty, medical societies, the charter of the aeronautical union, the Aktsien-Club society (Revel), the Estonian yacht club, the Kutaisi circle of music and dramatic art lovers, the society of Gomel doctors.
Cases on permission to organize congresses of representatives of various societies and institutions, exhibitions, lectures: the II All-Russian Aeronautical Congress, the X Pirogov Congress in Moscow (1907), congresses of monarchist organizations.
Cases of interdepartmental commissions and special meetings to review those established for protection public order exceptional legal provisions, including the draft "Regulations on measures to protect state order and public peace", rules and instructions on martial law applied at the request of civil authorities, on the procedure for serving police supervision, on the procedure for conducting inquiries, on the procedure for detention in prisons, on the use of corporal punishment to pacify peasant unrest, on the prevention and suppression of strikes, on the establishment of conciliation courts to resolve disputes between employers and workers, on the development of articles of the Criminal Code for the prosecution of participants in political strikes, on granting governors the right to establish military courts in localities declared under martial law or in a state of emergency protection, on the development and revision of existing rules, charters and regulations on providing workers in case of illness, on insuring them against accidents
about the imperial hunt in Belovezhskaya Pushcha (1889), about the coronation, about providing assistance to families who suffered on the Khodynskoye field, about preventing the image of Their Majesties on household items.
Correspondence on a letter from the Minister of Foreign Affairs with a request from the traveler N. N. Miklouho-Maclay to allow him to export young people who want to settle on the islands Pacific Ocean(1892). Materials on the administrative division of provinces, on the abolition of the office of the Provisional Odessa Governor-General (1889), on the establishment of the post of Assistant to the Warsaw Governor-General for Police (1896), on the reorganization of port departments, on the physical education of youth, their military training case, about the order and conditions of traffic. Correspondence about prostitution among minors, the closure of brothels, about suppliers of women abroad, about the establishment in Russia of a society for the protection of women, about the prohibition of the sale of immoral postcards. Correspondence about the secret transportation of weapons, about the procedure for storing prohibited publications in libraries, about the closure of libraries, about the regulation of theatrical affairs, about the exclusion from the repertoire of the plays "Duel", "Weavers", "Evening Dawn", correspondence on monitoring cinema, about the prohibition
Correspondence about allowing Jews - foreign subjects - to live in Russia, about their purchase of real estate, engaging in trade, about the eviction of Jews, about their inclusion in petty-bourgeois societies, about the percentage standards for admission to secondary educational institutions (1908), about the issuance of mandatory regulations, on the extension of the law on the protection and strengthening of supervision at border points, on the protection of trains of extreme importance.
Materials (since 1907) on bills prepared for consideration in the State Duma: on the establishment of "workhouses", on the establishment of the Workers' Insurance Council, on personal integrity, on police reform, on the incorrect application of the "Regulations on measures to protect the state order and public peace", about the persecution of strikers, about illegal actions of administration officials, about the closure of professional societies, about the persecution of the workers' press, about the Lena events of 1912, about the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of T. G. Shevchenko (1914 .).
Cases during the period of the First World War with correspondence about the investigation of the activities and liquidation of institutions and trading enterprises owned by German subjects, the liquidation of the Singer company, about the riots in Moscow in the fall of 1915, about the pogroms of German shops, shops, enterprises, correspondence related to the evacuation from Western provinces of enterprises, schools, gymnasiums, police institutions and their archives, on the remuneration of police officers in connection with the war and increased prices for basic necessities.
Op. 77 - 115, 250, 303, 50611 units. chronicle, 1880 - 1917
3rd office work
From the moment of its organization until 1898 it was called “secret”. He was in charge of domestic and foreign agents, surveillance and investigative measures in relation to political parties, revolutionary and social movements, the protection of the emperor and senior dignitaries, and the expenditure of funds allocated for political investigations. Since 1889, it has carried out secret police supervision.
In 1898, the Special Department was separated from the 3rd Office of Management into an independent structure, into which all the most important functions of the 3rd Office of Political Investigation were transferred. From this moment on, this office work loses the status of a secret unit. Since 1900, the 3rd office has been dealing with issues of permitting public lectures and readings. Until 1906, she dealt with the deployment of troops on Russian territory and collected materials on the agrarian movement; was in charge of the enrollment, appointment and transfers of all ranks of the DP, provincial and regional gendarmerie departments, security departments; from 1906 - approval of the charters of public organizations and unions. During the reorganization of the Police Department in 1907, correspondence on pensions and loans was concentrated in the 3rd office, correspondence on monitoring monasteries and the press went to the 4th office, and correspondence on the transportation and storage of weapons went to the Special Department.
Reports for 1880 - 1898. heads of local provincial gendarmerie departments, security departments, heads of foreign agents with information on monitoring the activities of revolutionary organizations, the socio-political mood in the country, and secret surveillance of individuals. Certificates of political integrity of individuals drawn up in connection with requests from government agencies. Correspondence about the participants in the events of March 1, 1881 (there is a copy of the indictment in the “case of a villainous attempt on the life” of ... Emperor Alexander II with the attachment of lists of eyewitnesses and testimony of witnesses), correspondence about persons close to the participants in the attempt and their sympathizers. Reports from the heads of provincial gendarmerie departments, correspondence about the distribution of proclamations by the executive committee of the People's Will to officers of the Russian army, about members of People's Will circles, about persons involved in the case of A. D. Mikhailov and others (1882), T. I. Lebedeva (1881), V. F. Figner (1882), about
Information, reviews, observation materials on the conduct of revolutionary propaganda in all layers of Russian society: among peasants, workers, in the army, in the navy, among students, and the intelligentsia. Distribution of prohibited books among workers of a cartridge factory in St. Petersburg (1881), about the mailing of proclamations and brochures of revolutionary content (1887), about the distribution of May Day leaflets and revolutionary appeals among workers and peasants in the 2nd half. 1890s Political reviews of the provinces for 1882 - 1884, reports of the provincial gendarmerie departments and security departments, information about the strike at the Stieglitz paper spinning mill, at the new Nevskaya paper spinning mill, among workers at the Nikolskaya manufactory in the Vladimir province, at the Tolya factory in the Moscow district, about monitoring workers of the Krenholm manufactory, about the Morozov strike of 1885, etc. Materials about workers’ speeches in different cities of Russia, in Poltava, Kharkov, Ryazan and Chernigov provinces, on monitoring the mood of the rural population
expelled from various educational institutions (1887, 1901, 1902), statistics of student unrest (1899 - 1901), lists and personal files of Kiev University students enlisted as soldiers for participating in riots (1900), about the supposed St. Petersburg student congress (December 1890), about the student demonstration in Kharkov (1901), February demonstrations in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan (1902). About national organizations: the Warsaw society "Spuina" (1903), about the union "Polish League" (1891), about the partnership of Polish youth in Zurich (1891), about the Polish gymnastic society "Sokol" (1893). ), about the congress of Polish revolutionaries in Krakow; about the movement of Armenians in the Caucasus (1883), about the Armenian student circle "Progress" in Moscow (1895), about organizations of Armenians involved in teaching the art of war; correspondence about the situation of the Jewish population, restrictions on the civil rights of Jews who do not have the right to reside in the capital (1881), anti-Jewish propaganda, Jewish pogroms
Cases and correspondence on issues of public education, on the restoration of the university charter of 1863, and the abolition of the Instructions of 1897, on the historical society at St. Petersburg University, the legal society at Tomsk University, on lecturing on Polish literature at the University of Warsaw, on the celebration 50th anniversary of the Higher Women's Courses in St. Petersburg. Materials about professors I. I. Mechnikov, M. M. Kovalevsky, V. O. Klyuchevsky, I. M. Sechenov and others; on the permission of readings and public lectures, on lectures in Odessa city public audiences, on the St. Petersburg and Moscow Literacy Committees under the Imperial Free Economic Society, the commission for the organization of public readings, on private public libraries in Smolensk and Perm, on printed works withdrawn from public libraries and public reading rooms. Resolution banning the publication in newspapers of information about the celebration of the 25th anniversary of the liberation of peasants; circulars of the Main Directorate for Press Affairs on permission to publish in newspapers
Syutaevsky persuasion, Pashkovites, followers of the teachings of L.N. Tolstoy, Doukhobors, Stundists. Correspondence with foreign agents (1881 - 1897): reports compiled on the basis of information from agents about the composition of the Russian emigration in Western Europe and America, about groups of political emigrants, their activities (literary publishing, terrorist), about living conditions in emigration, about Russian citizens living abroad. Correspondence about the purchase, theft, transportation of weapons to Russia (until 1907); materials on the organization of the emperor's security, lists of persons who were under secret police surveillance, certificates of political reliability of persons entering the public service, at the request of local government bodies. Materials about various incidents in the provinces, about the release of funds to the provincial gendarmerie departments, security departments for business trips to supervisory agents, telegrams, office expenses, secret expenses, about the release of funds for the maintenance of foreign agents of the DP, about business trips etc.
From 1907 to 1917 materials of a police nature: about appointments to police positions, movements and activities of police officers, violations of service, criminal records of police officers, awards to police officers, as well as janitors, doormen, etc., who assisted the police, materials about joining the service in the police department.
Op. 116 - 126, 257, 9296 units. chronicle, 1907 - 1917
4th office work
On March 14, 1883, the 4th office work was created, which existed until September 6, 1902, when the next 7th office work was organized, where all its functions and documents were transferred.
The new 4th office was created on January 3, 1907 during the next reorganization of the Police Department on the basis of the second branch of the Special Section of the Department.
He was entrusted with the responsibility of monitoring the workers' and peasants' movement, the political direction of legal societies, zemstvo unions, city and class institutions, and registering cases of the press and monasteries.
Correspondence of the DP, certificates, orientations, reports from the heads of the State Housing Administration and security departments, reports from governors on the mood in various sectors of society: among workers, peasants, intelligentsia, students, in the army, in the navy. Information about unrest, rallies, strikes, demonstrations in connection with the anniversary of the events of January 9, 1905, the Lena events, the trial of members of the Social Democratic faction of the Second State Duma, the celebration of May 1, the attitude to the Beilis case, etc.; about the mood among students, about the organization of rallies, meetings, demonstrations, about the activities of student societies and unions. Comparative statistical data from the Ministry of Trade and Industry on the strike movement in the country (1914) at enterprises subordinate to the factory inspection, notes from the official of special assignments Dyachenko on the labor issue, a report on the trade union movement in Russia (1908), letters from L. Tikhomirov to the name of P. A. Stolypin on this issue; correspondence on the workers' insurance law (1912), on the activities of the special commission
etc. Cases to monitor the activities of the women's cooperative movement of the Central Military-Industrial Committee, the All-Russian Union of Cities, the activities of legal political parties and organizations: the Labor Group, the Union of the Russian People, the Union of Michael the Archangel. Correspondence on monitoring the activities of the II, III State Dumas, on elections to the IV State Duma, on monitoring the activities of factions: socialists-revolutionaries, social democrats, the Labor Group, the faction of the right, autonomists, cadets, people's socialists. Cases with requests from the State Duma regarding bills on strikes and university reform. More than 100 cases were opened against members of the State Duma: A. I. Guchkov, P. N. Milyukov, N. S. Chkheidze, V. M. Purishkevich, F. I. Rodichev and others. The case of the death of S. A. Muromtsev . Materials on monitoring the work of congresses, conferences, public organizations: paramedic congress, congress of veterinarians, factory doctors, Russian psychiatrists, X Pirogov Congress, advo congresses
Op. 127 - 153, 304, 35852 units. chronicle, 1880 - 1917
5th office work ("executive")
It was created in 1883 on the basis of the 2nd office of the judicial department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. His functions included drafting reports for a Special Meeting chaired by the Comrade Minister of Internal Affairs on the administrative expulsion of a number of persons in connection with their political unreliability under the public supervision of the police. In charge of correspondence on the implementation of the decisions of the Special Meeting, supervision of the application by institutions subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, "Regulations on secret supervision" of 1882 (until January 1, 1889), "Regulations on state protection", "Regulations on public police supervision", rules on expulsion, detention in prisons, on changing the regulations on supervised persons.
In June 1912, the 5th office was merged with the 6th and all its functions were transferred to it.
After another reorganization in the DP in January 1914, the functions of the 5th office were again clarified. By this time, in addition to preparing materials for the report at the Special Meeting, executing the decisions taken, drawing up reports to the minister on the revision of decisions,
in the 5th office work, correspondence began to be carried out on petitions from persons serving exile, on persons expelled by order of local authorities in accordance with the rules on enhanced and emergency protection, on expulsion from the Caucasus, Steppe, Turkestan Territories on the basis of special legal provisions, on expulsion from the capital various persons for begging and lack of a passport in accordance with special legal provisions, correspondence about the expulsion of horse thieves, reports and correspondence about the issuance of loans for the maintenance, clothing, treatment and movement of persons serving exile and supervision, about persons who fled from places of eviction, correspondence about persons by which deportation to remote areas of the province was replaced by travel abroad for the same period.
The materials have not been fully preserved; some of the documents were damaged in the February days of 1917.
The main part of the documents are files with correspondence intended for consideration at the Special Meeting. Reports from the heads of the State Housing Administration, security departments, with the attachment in some cases of investigative files, protocols of inquiries, extracts from the conclusions of prosecutors of the judicial chambers, copies of sentences of military district courts, petitions from governors for the administrative expulsion of persons under public police supervision. Materials of the Main Prison Directorate, the Ministry of Justice, the Minister of Internal Affairs for the DP, reports to the emperor on issues of expulsion. Cases of expulsion under public police supervision of persons for belonging to the Narodnaya Volya party, the terrorist faction Narodnaya Volya (1880), the People's Will revolutionary union, Moscow, Odessa, Kherson, Smolensk, Tula, Kazan and other People's Will circles, Polish party "Proletariat", Kharkov Ukrainophile circle, for participation in workers' strikes at the Krenholm manufactory (1881), at the Vysokovskaya manufactory (1887), at the Burley factory in Moscow
Documents on deportation for participation in strikes of workers of the Zlatoust state-owned plant (1896), at the factories of the Nikopol-Mariupol society "Russian Providence" (1896), participants in the unrest of the Yekaterinoslav railway workshops (1900), participants in peasant protests in the village. Bargushet of the Baku province (1892), in the Shchigrovsky district of the Kursk province (1896), Pinsk district of the Minsk province (1898) and other localities, for the publication and distribution of illegal literature of various parties and organizations among workers, peasants, students, in military units. Correspondence for 1894 about permission for exiles to take part in I.M. Sibiryakov’s expedition to the Yakut region to study the life of the Yakuts and in an expedition to study the route from Yakutsk to the Ayan port on the shores of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk.
Materials (1900s) about deportation under police supervision for belonging to Iskra committees, the first Socialist Revolutionary and Social Democratic committees, and local circles. Documents about revolutionary circles of Jewish artisans
in Riga, about the strike of workers of the open-hearth shop of the Chusovsky ironworks, the Baltic plant in Riga, the carriage workshops of the Ryazan-Ural railway in Tambov (1901), at the Botkin state-owned mining plant (1902), on the Transcaucasian railways (1904 .), in May Day demonstrations in a number of Russian cities, in demonstrations on Kazan Square in St. Petersburg on February 19, 1901, in Moscow on February 25, 1901, in Kiev on March 11, 1901, in Vitebsk on November 24, 1901, in the Vilna City Theater on 18 April 1902, in the village. Balakhany of the Baku province March 2, 1903, etc.
A large complex of documents is associated with the deportation of workers and peasants, participants in the revolutionary events of 1905 - 1907, participants in student protests, as well as persons belonging to strike committees, combat squads, circles of various party directions, to the St. Petersburg and Baku Soviets of Workers' Deputies, for participation in armed protests in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kharkov and other cities, a railway strike of workers and employees of the Moscow-Kazan, Transcaucasian and other railways, agrarian protests of peasants in the Oryol, Tambov, Nizhny Novgorod, Vilna, Moscow, Mogilev, Kaluga provinces.
Documents on the structure of the state prison in the Shlisselburg fortress (1881 - 1884), a report from the prison doctor on the sanitary condition of the Shlisselburg prison, circulars of the DP, correspondence of the DP with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, requests from governors, heads of the State Housing Department on the procedure for applying the provision on secret police supervision of 1882 ., manifestos of 1883, 1894, 1896. on the procedure for keeping persons in custody in pre-trial detention centers, political prisoners in provincial and district prisons, exiled convicts in the Kari mines, the procedure for establishing agricultural colonies and craft shelters for administrative exiles on political matters, allowing political prisoners to engage in trade and fishing , about the arrangement of life of administrative exiles in Siberia, permission for visits with convicts.
Op. 154 - 177, 310, 3758 units. chronicle, 1894 - 1917
6th office work
In 1894, responsibilities for monitoring the development of factory legislation, the production, storage, and transportation of explosives, and compliance with regulations defining the situation of the Jewish population were separated from the 2nd office. All these issues were included in the functions of the new 6th office.
In June 1900, the responsibilities of this office work included correspondence with the Ministry of Finance on the issues of awarding police officers for their services in cases of government sales of "drinks", taking measures against the theft of weapons and on allowing the transportation of weapons and explosives across the border, against vagrancy, counterfeiting money signs.
In January 1901, functions were added in connection with the application of statutes on private gold mining and private oil production.
Since 1907, the 6th office began to draw up certificates at the request of various institutions about the political reliability of persons entering the state and zemstvo service.
In June 1912, this office work merged with the 5th, to which all its functions were transferred.
On October 30, 1912, the 6th office was restored, but in the form of the central reference apparatus of the DP. In the office work there was a reference part of all office work and departments of the DP, a Central reference alphabet, a reference desk. In the 6th office work, information about the political reliability of persons entering the state and zemstvo service was concentrated. On March 27, 1915, the 6th office was annexed to the Special Department, which became known as
6th office work (September 5, 1916, the Special Department was restored with its previous responsibilities).
Circulars of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, journals of meetings of Interdepartmental and special commissions and meetings of the Chief of Factory Affairs, instructions, rules, bills, reports, certificates, correspondence on the establishment of the Chief of Factory and Mining Affairs of the presence, on the transfer of factory inspection from the jurisdiction of the Ministry Finance and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, on the delimitation of the jurisdiction of local bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Finance in relation to the supervision of factories and factories, on the revision of industrial and mining regulations, on the development of regulations on gold and platinum mining, rules on the design and maintenance of factories for the preparation of explosives substances and their use in mining operations. On the application of the laws of June 3, 1886 on mutual relations between manufacturers and workers, of June 2, 1897 on the duration and distribution of working time in factories and factories, of June 2, 1903 on the remuneration of persons injured as a result of accidents. Copies of the father
Cases (1900 - 1905) with reports from governors and heads of the State Housing Administration and security departments about strikes of workers at the station. Cheremkhovo, Grishevka, Golovinskaya on the Siberian railway, on the coal mines of the Ivano-Matveevsky partnership at the station. Kasyanovka, at the fields of the Lensky gold mining partnership, at the Pahl paper spinning factory in St. Petersburg, at the Narva flax spinning manufactory, at the Strongin match factory in the Kaidanovka borough of the Minsk province, at the Ivanovo-Voznesenskaya, Gorkinskaya, Shuiskaya, Lezhnevskaya manufactories, on the South-Eastern railway ., in railway workshops st. Borisoglebsk, port workers and workers of the Rothschild plant ("Bnito") in Batum, at the Bibi-Heybat oil fields, at the Bryansk plant, at the factory of the Morozov partnership in the village. Orekhovo, Vladimir province, at the Beloretsk ironworks in the Orenburg province, etc. Correspondence with proposals from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Finance on the revision of punitive resolutions for strikes of workers, for early termination of contracts
Materials (1907 - 1917) on the development of requests from institutions about the political reliability of persons entering the state and zemstvo service, and requests from individuals for the issuance of certificates of reliability.
Op. 178 - 214, 309, 97324 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1917
7th office work (observational)
Established on September 6, 1902 on the basis of the former 4th office (March 14, 1883 - September 6, 1902) with the transfer of all its functions and archives. Monitored formal inquiries carried out at the gendarmerie departments, compiled certificates for the investigative authorities about the revolutionary activities of persons involved in investigations in cases of state crimes, considered all kinds of petitions from the accused or persons conducting the investigation, requests for an extension of the period of arrest or a change in the measure suppression; from May 1905, the 7th office was entrusted with drawing up search circulars, maintaining correspondence within the prison department (about the number of prisoners, riots in prisons, escapes, etc.); from January 3, 1914, office work was assigned responsibilities for the legal and consular part: development of all bills relating to the organization, activities
and police states, correspondence on these bills, development of legislative proposals on issues related to the conduct of the DP, conclusions on these proposals, instructions and rules developed by other institutions, but submitted for conclusion or recall to the DP.
Circulars, instructions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, circulars and correspondence of the DP on changing certain articles of the law of May 9, 1878 on crimes against the order of government and officials, on the revision and development of the law on emigration and legislation defining the procedure for approving and executing death sentences, on the procedure for detaining political prisoners under investigation, on the application of the law of June 7, 1904 on the procedure for forwarding completed inquiries; statements and lists of the number of those arrested and held in places of detention (by province), reports and telegrams from governors and heads of the State Housing Administration about unrest in prisons, about escapes of prisoners from the Sevastopol prison (July 1907), from the Oryol prison correctional department (April 1907 .), from the detention center in Kutarbitka (September 1907) and hunger strikes of political prisoners.
Materials of the former 4th office work (1881 - 1902). Inquiry materials, correspondence about “Narodnaya Volya”, the working group of this party, about G. A. Lopatin, about the attempt on the life of Emperor Alexander III on March 1, 1887, about the attempt on the life of Nizhny Novgorod governor N. M. Baranov, about the student union in Moscow, about the revolutionary circles of Zurich and Riga student youth, students of the New Alexandria Institute Agriculture and forestry, about Odessa, Kherson, Oryol, Kiev, Nizhyn, Smolensk, Kazan, Minsk, Kharkov, Novocherkassk and other revolutionary circles, about military revolutionary circles in Odessa, Nikolaev, Kronstadt, about the Proletariat party, about the unrest of peasants in With. Turkenovka, Chernigov province, in the village. Pogrebova, Prichiska, Orzhitsy of the Poltava province, in the Tsivilsky district of the Kazan province, about a secret printing house in Dorpat, about the drafting of appeals by political exiles in Balagansk, about the distribution of leaflets in Nizhny Novgorod, Tobolsk, Turinsk.
Several volumes (1900s) on the case of the St. Petersburg Union of Struggle for the Liberation of the Working Class, the People's Will printing house in Lakhta, the Moscow Workers' Union, the South Russian Workers' Union, the Kiev Workers' Union, the Yekaterinoslav, Kharkov committees of the RSDLP, the Saratov group of the RSDLP, social democratic group in the Urals, Lithuanian social democratic organization in Vilna, about the “Workers’ Banner” group, the Kharkov Social Democratic Union of Craftsmen, about the “General Jewish Workers’ Union in Lithuania, Poland and Russia” (Bund), about the party of Polish socialists , about the National Democratic Party in Warsaw, about the Armenian Hunchak Party and other Armenian national organizations, about the Kiev and Moscow Student Union Councils, about the All-Russian Student Congress in Moscow, about the Tolstoyan circle in Moscow, about the dissemination of the works and teachings of L. N. Tolstoy in Ostrogozhsky district, about revolutionary propaganda among workers in factories and factories in St. Petersburg, Lodz and other cities, about the distribution of illegal
in Kharkov (1901), Nizhny Novgorod (November 7, 1901 during the departure of M. Gorky), Vilna (April 1902), Saratov, Ekaterinoslav (May 1, 1902), Baku (March, April 1903 .), Sormovo (May 1, 1903), Moscow (December 1904), Riga (December 1904) and other cities. About gatherings of workers and peasants, the distribution of illegal literature, about illegal printing houses of various committees and unions in Irkutsk, Baku, Kiev, Minsk, Kharkov, Odessa, Tambov, Ufa, about the murder of the Minister of Internal Affairs D. S. Sipyagin (1902), about the assassination attempt on the Vilna governor V.V. von Wahl, the Kharkov governor I.M. Obolensky (1902), and the chief prosecutor of the Synod K.P. Pobedonostsev (1901).
On the eve and during the revolution of 1905 - 1907. a large number of cases were opened to monitor individual committees of the RSDLP, the Socialist Revolutionary Party, anarchists, individual representatives of these committees, national parties and organizations (groups of the Iskra organization) in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Odessa, Kiev, Yekaterinoslav, Kharkov, Baku, Perm , Tver, Kherson, Nikolaev, Kazan, Libau, Tiflis, Ponevezh, Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Feodosia and other cities. About groups and organizations of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, about the military and military organizations of the Socialist Revolutionaries, about groups of anarchist revolutionaries, about the Polish revolutionary organization "People's League", about the "Kharkov Vilna Community", the revolutionary Ukrainian party, the Kiev organization "Spilka" and the main committee Ukrainian Social Democratic Union "Spilka", about the committees of Poalei-Zion, the Zionist-Socialist Workers' Party, about the Armenian Revolutionary Union, about the Armenian movement in the Erivan province and Kars region, the Tiflis organization of the "Droshak" party, about the East
Cases about the committees of the Cadet Party, about the western department of the All-Russian Union of Railway Workers and Employees, the Yekaterinburg Railway Union, about the Union of Railway Workers and Employees of the Central Asian and Orenburg-Tashkent Railways, the Tiflis Bureau of the Postal and Telegraph Union, about the Union of Moscow Printing Workers for the Fight for improving working conditions, about the Union of Engineers and the Union of Lawyers in St. Petersburg, about the “meeting of Russian factory workers” in St. Petersburg (1905), about the meeting of the “Union of Unions” (1905), about St. Petersburg, Kiev, Saratov, Baku, Taganrog and other Soviets of Workers' Deputies.
Cases (1905 - 1907) about strike committees at the stations of Baku, Baladzhary, Belev, Debaltsevo, in Nikolaev, Feodosia, Belgorod, etc. About the uprising on the battleship "Prince Potemkin Tauride", about the uprising of sailors and soldiers in Sveaborg, Kronstadt, Revel, Novorossiysk, about an armed uprising of workers in Moscow, Krasnoyarsk and other cities, about armed demonstrations in Lodz, Riga, Tomsk, Chita, Gori, Evpatoria, Vilna, etc.
Observation files (1907 - 1917) for all organizations that were arrested and for individuals working in the organizations of the RSDLP, Socialist Revolutionaries, anarchist-communists, "Hnchak", "Dashnaktsutyun" and others. Cases with correspondence about the publication and distribution of illegal literature these parties.
Observation cases on the professional movement: about the Union of Black Sea Sailors, the Union of Employees of Commercial and Industrial Enterprises in Krasnoyarsk and Yeniseisk; correspondence about the strike movement at various enterprises in Russia: at the Revel factories (1912), employees in Irkutsk (1913), workers of a tobacco factory in Vladikavkaz (1913), workers of the Bryansk plant (1913), workers of the Nikolaev factories and shipyards (1914), workers of the Russian-Baltic Joint Stock Company (January 9, 1916), etc.
Correspondence during the First World War on the discovery of illegal literature (calling for the end of the war, strengthening the fight against the autocracy, May Day leaflets), about unrest during conscription in the army in Barnaul, Novo-Nikolaevsk, Mariinsk and other cities.
Op. 215 - 225, 305, 180 units. chronicle, 1908 - 1917
8th office work
Monitored the activities of detective departments, drew up instructions and rules relating to criminal investigative activities, issued search circulars, communicated with foreign police agencies, organized the work of the school of instructors, and managed the photography of the police department. From January 3, 1915, he was involved in organizing detective departments. After December 1915, all reports from local authorities about incidents of a criminal nature (robberies, robberies) were transferred from the 4th office to the 8th.
The bulk of the office documents were destroyed during the February Revolution of 1917.
Reports from governors, heads of the State Housing Administration, security and detective departments about criminal offenses (thefts, robberies, murders): materials about Savitsky’s “gang”, about the “puppeteers”, theft in the Assumption Cathedral. Reports from detective departments on the registration cards of criminals, copies of protocols of inquiries of persons accused of fabricating false banknotes and forged documents on exemption from military service, information about the activities of the Moscow detective police (1909), correspondence about the personnel of detective departments in the Turkestan region in 1911, correspondence with foreign police agencies about the arrest of persons suspected of criminal offenses and the establishment of their identities.
Op. 225, 307, 368 units. chronicle, 1914 - 1917
9th office work
In April 1914, the Special Department was abolished, and on its basis the 9th office was created with all the duties previously performed by the Special Department. In the II half. In 1914, due to wartime circumstances, the 9th office began to deal with issues related to the fight against “German dominance,” issues about prisoners of war, and correspondence about subjects of enemy powers.
During the next reorganization on March 27, 1915, when the Special Department became known as the 6th Office, the 9th Office remained as a structure with functions related to wartime.
Lists of Austrian, Hungarian, German subjects evicted during the First World War to live in remote provinces of Russia; requests and reports of governors, heads of the State Housing Administration in the DP, correspondence of the DP with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Main Directorate General Staff on the location of these persons, on permission to travel abroad, on the exchange of prisoners of war between Germany and Russia, on the conclusion between Russia and France of an agreement on the mutual extradition of deserters.
Op. 226 - 247, 316, 40856 units. chronicle, 1898 - 1917
Special department
Until January 9, 1898, all activities of the DP on political investigation were the responsibility of the 3rd office. In connection with the intensified revolutionary movement, work in this direction increased significantly, the 3rd office work ceased to cope with its responsibilities, so the question arose of separating its most secret and important work, carried out within the office work by the Special Department, into an independent structure with the same name. To the functions of the Special Department
included political investigation in Russia and abroad, management of domestic and foreign agents, external surveillance of persons engaged in anti-government activities, secret surveillance of the correspondence of private individuals, the political mood of students, the mood of workers, search in political matters, registration of works of illegal press, consideration of material evidence received by the DP for inquiries, correspondence with the Main Directorate for Press Affairs and the Main Directorate of Posts and Telegraphs on the confiscation of illegal literature, compilation of collections, lists of illegal literature, compilation of a general catalog of revolutionary publications stored in the library of the DP, issuing certificates on them. A personalized alphabetical card index (55,000 cards), a library of revolutionary publications (5,000 copies), and 20,000 photographs were transferred to the Special Department. With the growth of the revolutionary and social movement, the creation of parties, public organizations, women's, cooperative and trade union movements,
January 17, 1905 The special department is divided into 4 sections, between which its functions are distributed. In July 1906, after another reorganization, the Special Department was divided into two completely independent divisions with different vice-directors supervising them: Special Department “A” and Special Department “B”.
A special department "L" dealt with issues of political investigation, the first place was given to the issues of monitoring the activities of political parties, managing the activities of local investigative agencies, developing intelligence information and surveillance data, issuing investigative circulars, forming a library of revolutionary publications, correspondence on it, issues of organization foreign agents, monitoring revolutionary propaganda in the troops, managing the photography department, deciphering cryptograms, and compiling “most loyal” notes.
Special Department "B" dealt with monitoring the social movement, trade unions, which had and did not have a political overtones, revolutionary actions among workers, peasants, speeches of railway employees, telegraph operators, preparation of reports on strikes, strikes, illegal congresses, and the deployment of troops.
After the reorganization on January 3, 1907, Special Department "A" with its functions became a Special Department. Special department "B" was renamed 4th office work. April 15, 1914 The special department is liquidated, and all its functions and materials are transferred to the newly created structure - the 9th office. The next transformation of the former Special Department took place on March 27, 1915, when, with the reorganization of the 9th and 6th office work, the former Special Department became the 6th office. It now includes a central reference alphabet and all DP reference work. In September 1916, the name “Special Department” was restored with its previous functions and the 6th office with responsibilities for reference work.
Documents on the activities of political parties. Every year, several files were opened for each province containing correspondence on monitoring the activities of the Social Democratic Party, the Socialist Revolutionary Party, anarchists, and national organizations. The activities of the RSDLP have been covered since its inception: materials on the preparation and holding of congresses, conferences, on the discussion of the program and charter of the party, on the activities of central and local organizations, party bodies; documents on the work of military, military, technical organizations of the party, the political Red Cross, underground printing houses, weapons depots, laboratories; correspondence about illegal and legal literature, about work in exile, about the activities of individual representatives
social democratic movement. Materials about G. E. Zinoviev, L. B. Kamenev, L. D. Trotsky, N. K. Krupskaya, Y. M. Sverdlov, V. V. Kuibyshev, G. K. Ordzhonikidze, I. V. Dzhugashvili ( Stalin), E.D. Stasova, I.F. Armand, etc. Almost the same set of materials (charter, program, illustrations, materials of congresses, etc.) is available in correspondence about national social democratic organizations, provincial social organizations -democratic parties: Latvian Social Democratic Party, Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania, Finnish Social Democratic Labor Party, Estonian Social Democratic Labor Party, General Jewish Labor Union in Lithuania, Poland and Russia (Bund). Cases with correspondence about the parties People's Law, socialist-revolutionaries, Socialist-Revolutionaries-"maximalists", about anarchist groups, people's socialists, about Trudoviks, the "Peaceful Renewal" party, about the "Union of October 17", "Union of the Russian People", "Russian People's Union named after Michael the Archangel" (1908); materials about "About
The labor movement is mainly represented before 1907. Economic, political strikes and speeches, revolutionary propaganda by representatives of various parties and movements, celebration of May 1, street demonstrations and armed clashes with the police and troops ( Obukhov defense 1901), Zubatov’s workers’ organizations in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Odessa, their activities; strike movement in the South of Russia in 1903, Gaponov’s organizations. The events of January 9, 1905 in St. Petersburg, responses to these events throughout the country: the organization of strike committees, the formation and activities of the Council of Workers' Deputies in Ivanovo-Voznesensk, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Krasnoyarsk and other cities of Russia, the general political October strike, the Moscow December armed uprising, armed uprisings in other cities of Russia (Donbass, Rostov-on-Don, etc.), the activities of the St. Petersburg Council of the Unemployed, the attitude of workers towards the State Duma. Organization of the professional movement, various trade unions, the "Union of Unions", Teachers
Materials on the peasant movement reflect the position of the peasantry in Russia in late XIX- beginning XX centuries: bread shortages, hunger strikes, organization
food assistance to the population of barren provinces in the late 1890s. Peasant land shortage, agrarian movement. Reports from the heads of the State Duma, reviews of the provinces on the peasant movement in 1905 - 1906, measures of the government's struggle, the origin and activities of the Peasant Union, the attitude of peasants to the State Duma, participation in the election campaign of 1906, peasant orders, the activities of peasant deputies in the State Duma , Stolypin reform, the attitude of the peasantry towards it.
Revolutionary movement in the army and navy: propaganda among recruits, unrest in the army and navy in 1905 - 1907, performances of revolutionary-minded soldiers and sailors (uprising on the battleship Potemkin, uprising on Ochakov, unrest among sailors of the Baltic Fleet and naval crews in Vladivostok), a review of the revolutionary movement in the army and navy, about party and non-party military organizations: the All-Russian Military Union, the All-Russian Officers' Union, the Union of Naval Officers, organizations affiliated with the Social Democrats, Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists.
Documents (1898 - 1905) reflecting the student movement are grouped by educational institutions. Information about student meetings, strikes, protests, clashes with the administration and professors, the activities of student organizations - fraternities, the union council, the executive committee, united Moscow student organizations, information bureau of students of higher educational institutions, the All-Russian Congress of Student Organizations, the All-Russian Seminary Union, admission to higher education institutions. Cases about professorial councils of higher educational institutions, about university celebrations and anniversaries, personal files on major representatives of Russian science I. I. Mechnikov, K. A. Timiryazev, N. I. Kareev, P. F. Lesgaft and others. Lists of all higher educational institutions of Russia.
Materials about the activities of political groups among students, information about student publications, about the connection of Russian students with educational institutions Western Europe and America, about student excursions abroad, about the situation of Russian students in emigration, about the Free Russian University in Paris, the Berlin Committee for Assistance to Needy Men and Women Students in Russia, the Munich Polytechnic. Unrest among secondary school students of the civil, military, and ecclesiastical departments, revolutionary propaganda, strike movement, student unions, their congresses. Documents of educational societies and organizations: Free Economic Society, Society for the Dissemination of Technical Knowledge; materials about the Moscow, Samara, Tiflis People's Universities, literacy societies, public lectures, folk readings, libraries, evening schools, courses for adults, Sunday schools, a circle of writers from the people.
Materials about the zemstvo movement, all-Russian congresses of zemstvo and city leaders (Moscow, May 24 - 25, 1905), the All-Zemstvo Congress (Moscow, July 6 - 8, 1905), about the legal opposition, about legal societies and congresses (congress of the Russian society doctors in memory of N.I. Pirogov, congresses of teachers, writers, factory inspectors, the Union of Psychiatrists), about the All-Russian Union of Non-Party Intelligentsia, about the cooperative movement, the congress of cooperators, about the All-Russian Zemstvo and All-Russian City Union, the central Military-Industrial Committee. Documentary materials related to religious organizations: about the followers of the teachings of L.N. Tolstoy, the Doukhobors, the Old Believers, the Baptists, the Stundists, the Johannite sect, the Khlysty, the All-Russian Evangelical Union, the Pashkovites, the Jehovah's Witness sect, the Salvation Army, the propaganda of the Roman Catholic clergy , about the propaganda and agitation of Lutheran pastors among the Orthodox.
The files of the Special Department reflect the work of monitoring the elections to the State Duma of all four convocations, the mood before the elections of various parties and movements; orders and letters to State Duma deputies, requests from the State Duma to the government, illustrated letters from individual Duma deputies; materials on the activities of all Duma factions, on extra-Duma propaganda and agitation of members of the Social Democratic faction, on the dissolution of the First and Second State Dumas, on the Vyborg Appeal, on attracting
to the court of members of the Social Democratic faction of the Second State Duma and the Bolshevik faction of the Fourth State Duma.
Special cases on the supervision of legal and illegal publications and their publishers, on bringing to justice the editors of newspapers and magazines V. G. Korolenko, V. Posse, on the press of various directions, lists of prohibited publications.
Cases of works of illegal press in Russian, in the languages ​​of the peoples of Russia and foreign languages. Materials on events in connection with the anniversaries of outstanding writers and scientists (N. G. Chernyshevsky, N. A. Dobrolyubov, A. Mitskevich, C. Darwin), the 200th anniversary of printing, the 50th anniversary of the Polish Uprising; cases opened against representatives of literature and art: L. N. Tolstoy, M. Gorky, F. I. Shalyapin, A. V. Amphiteatrov; protest of members of the mutual aid union of Russian writers, cases of P. A. Shchegolev, P. N. Milyukov, P. F. Lesgaft; correspondence with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, with representatives of the judicial and police authorities foreign countries on issues of monitoring and extradition of Russian citizens accused of state crimes; cases about international meetings on the fight against anarchism, the strike movement on merchant ships of the Black Sea Fleet, cases about the Japanese-Chinese conflict, about unrest in Bukhara and Afghanistan, about the deportation of unreliable foreigners to their homeland. Monitoring delivery within Russia
Materials on political exile in Siberia and the European part of Russia, on protests of political exiles (Yakut protest of 1904), on supervision over them, on mutual aid organizations, escapes from the place of exile (escape of E. K. Breshko-Breshkovskaya, etc.) .
The policy of punitive institutions is reflected in the correspondence of the DP with the Main Prison Directorate, the heads of the State Housing Department and security departments on the issue of the procedure for keeping political prisoners in various prisons (Nizhny Novgorod, Zhitomir, Irkutsk prison castle, Minsk prison, Lugansk, Oryol, Gomel, Yekaterinoslav, Krasnoyarsk, St. Petersburg , Nerchinskaya), about the wrong actions of the prison administration, about prison agents, about events in prisons, protests of political prisoners against harsh treatment, against corporal punishment of political convicts, about escapes, undermining, hunger strikes, suicides of political prisoners, about prison terror, instructions about searches and about monitoring the correspondence of private individuals, materials about the organization of mutual assistance among prisoners, about the work of the political Red Cross.
Materials indicating the system of political investigation itself: staff, methods of work, reorganizations; documents on the personnel of the police department, security departments, the external surveillance service (filer detachment), on the activities of the Registration Bureaus in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sevastopol, the establishment of search centers, correspondence about agents, about secret employees, about the abolition of security departments, the protection of high-ranking officials, State Council, on the awarding of general police officers, on attempts on the lives of police officers, gendarmerie officials, on the murder of P. A. Stolypin, Colonel Karpov, a note on the decline of political investigation in Russia, on improper actions of the police, reports on the audit of political investigation institutions.
Op. 248, 113 units. chronicle, 1874, 1900 - 1917
Police Department Cipher Section
Ciphers, decryptors, instructions for encryption keys of institutions and individuals: cipher and DP key, ciphers for correspondence with governors, heads of gendarmerie departments, with heads of city and district police, secret telegraph key of the Moscow chief police chief, various gendarmerie-police departments of railways , military cipher for telegraph communications of chiefs of military districts, corps commanders, prosecutors of judicial chambers, heads of departments for the transportation of mail, key of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, secret telegraph key of the chief of gendarmes, minister of war, cipher of State Council member S. S. Manukhin, personal cipher of a comrade Minister of Internal Affairs V.F. Dzhunkovsky, code for correspondence with Comrade Minister of Internal Affairs P.G. Kurlov. Tables for ciphers, alphabet for the blind.
Documents of the largest decryption specialist, an official of the Special Department of the DP I. Zybin.
Op. 249, 34 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1917
“The most loyal” reports of the DP to Emperors Alexander III and Nicholas II on various issues: about the events of March 1, 1887, the earthquake in Tiflis (1899), the student movement (1899), anti-Jewish riots in the Kherson province (1899) , about work performances, about the issuance of foreign passports, awards, about promotions, pensions.
Op. 252, 24 units. chronicle, 1879 - 1902
Reviews of the most important inquiries into cases of state crimes carried out in the State Housing Department.
Beginning in May 1880, the DP compiled annual reviews of the most important inquiries. The reviews were printed and distributed throughout the State Housing Administration for information and mutual information. The reviews were accompanied by alphabets of the persons mentioned in the reviews, statements of inquiries into state crimes for each Civil Housing Administration, and information on the results of the inquiries. From 1886 to 1896 Lists of revolutionary publications published in Russia and abroad were also attached.
The reviews provide brief information about the facts that served as the basis for initiating an inquiry, quote testimonies, letters, documents and report on measures to liquidate revolutionary organizations, and also highlight the activities of the Russian emigration.
Reviews of inquiries (1880s) on the case of the Kyiv "Ukrainophile organization", on the Chigirinsky case (Ya. V. Stefanovich, L. G. Deich), on the circle of D. A. Lizohub, on the activities of the "People's Will" party, "Black redistribution" and their local organizations, in the case of March 1, 1881, the trial of the "13", the military organization "Narodnaya Volya", in the case of March 1, 1887, about the Proletariat party, about the Marxist circle in Kazan (N. E. Fedoseev, A. A. Sanin, etc.).
Inquiries (1890 - 1902) into the case of Social Democratic propaganda among St. Petersburg workers (M. I. Brusnev, L. B. Krasin, etc.), the Social Democratic circle in Moscow (S. I. Mitskevich, M. L. Mandelstam and others), about the activities of the St. Petersburg Union of Struggle for the Liberation of the Working Class, the arrest of V. I. Lenin, P. N. Lepeshinsky, G. M. Krzhizhanovsky and others, about social democratic circles in Yekaterinoslav, Odessa, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Riga, Kazan, Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Kovno, about the Moscow and Kiev unions of struggle for the liberation of the working class, about the 1st Congress of the RSDLP, the Moscow, Kiev, Odessa, Kharkov, Don committees of the RSDLP, the Kazan, Saratov, Ural social democratic groups, Riga Working Committee, Lithuanian Social Democratic Party, etc.
Op. 253, 339 units. chronicle, 1861 - 1917
Reviews of the activities of various parties in Russia: Ukrainian Social Democratic Party, Spilka, SDKPiL, Lithuanian Social Democratic Party, Zionist Party, RSDLP, Socialist Revolutionary Party.
Reviews of illegal periodicals (1905 - 1914), a historical essay on the activities of the Democratic Party, notes from representatives of the political investigation Rachkovsky, Beletsky, Novitsky on official issues, notes from gendarmerie officials on the study of Marxist literature, leaflets.
Resolution of the IX Zionist Congress in Hamburg (December 1909) on the acquisition of concessions in Palestine, resolution of the X Zionist Congress in Basel (August 1911) on the need to revive the Hebrew language as a common national language, on the unification of women's Zionist unions, on encouraging efforts for acquisition of land and establishment of agriculture in Palestine.
Note from the DP on the Zionist movement after the IV and V Zionist congresses (April 1912), a message from the “Center” of the Zionist movement with information about the work of the XI Zionist Congress held in Vienna, references to L. A. Goldman, S. B. Assorodibran, N Y. Krupitsky and others, who were observing the Zionist Socialist Party (1913).
Op. 254, 70 units. chronicle, 1880 - 1915
Reviews, essays, reports, notes on the history of the Vistula region, "all-submissive" reports of governors, a historical overview of Poland, notes, reviews of the political mood in the Kingdom of Poland, the activities of revolutionary and national organizations, reviews of political parties in the Vistula region (1905 - 1913). ).
"Review of government measures taken in the Kingdom of Poland after 1863." (1880), draft law on the structure of the Kingdom of Poland, information about unrest in educational institutions (1903/1904 academic year), report on the activities of the Warsaw Security Department (1905 - 1906), brochure "Program of the Lithuanian Social Democratic parties" etc.
Op. 255, 97 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1914
Weekly notes from the Police Department brief information about the mood of the population in all provinces of Russia and the Warsaw General Government, mentions of individual clashes among peasants in connection with land management work, labor unrest, the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the House of Romanov, etc. Notes (November 1901 - April 1902) about the unrest of students institutions of higher education.
Op. 259, 56 units. chronicle, 1896 - 1907
Monthly reports of external surveillance in different provinces of Russia with information on the results of monitoring of representatives of various parties and organizations, diaries of external surveillance, lists of persons under police supervision, lists of persons subject to search in political cases.
Op. 260, 446 units. chronicle, 1862 - 1917
Circulars of all DP office work. Circulars of the 1st office work - mainly of an instructive nature on organizing the work of police and gendarmerie authorities (1880 - 1917).
The circulars of the 2nd office contain instructions for mounted police guards, about police activities, about foreign passports; collections of circulars related to the Palestinian society, the activities of clubs, and trafficking in women.
Circulars of the 3rd office work on financial issues, issuance of benefits, pensions, appropriations to police institutions.
Circulars of the 4th office work - guidance and information on monitoring the activities of revolutionary organizations, legal educational societies, the State Duma (all convocations).
Registers of circulars and circulars of the 5th and 6th proceedings.
Circulars of the 7th office work on the procedure for conducting inquiries in political cases.
Search circulars of the 8th office work.
Thematic collections of circulars: on the procedure for permission to organize public lectures, concerts, meetings, on the organization of charitable societies, on the coordination of the actions of police and gendarmerie authorities, on the acquisition and storage of weapons, on the procedure for conducting inquiries, on the prevention of revolutionary propaganda in military units, on security departments, on the recruitment of secret employees, on the rearmament of the police, on checking the political reliability of persons when conscripted into the army, on measures to combat strikes and demonstrations, on the All-Russian Union of Teachers, on the All-Russian Officers' Union and revolutionary propaganda in the army, etc.
Op. 261, 232 units. chronicle, 1870 - 1916
Instructions, rules, regulations for the ranks of the police guard, police, draft administrative and police regulations, regulations on the temporary registration bureau, regulations on security departments and search centers, instructions for the ranks of the traffic police, materials on police reform, etc.
Op. 262, 339 units. chronicle, 1880 - 1917
Projects for the reorganization of police institutions (1881), materials for the reorganization of the police (1886), draft regulations on the protection of public order, minutes of meetings of the commission of A. A. Makarov and the subcommittee of M. I. Trusevich on police reform, draft documents on reform police (1907 - 1915), reviews and conclusions of provincial and district meetings on these projects, reviews and extracts from the legislation of foreign countries on the system of police institutions.
Op. 263, 20 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1917
"Outfits for incoming and outgoing telegrams"
Correspondence of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the DP with governors and local police authorities on issues of arrest, extension of arrest for various persons, their subjection to public police supervision, and release from custody.
Op. 264, 318 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1916
Lists of students and listeners of various educational institutions, technical schools, schools in the form of books, brochures, handwritten lists published for each year by the educational institutions themselves.
Lists of students of the University of Warsaw (1899 - 1902, 1904 - 1905, 1908 - 1913), Warsaw Polytechnic Institute (1899 - 1902, 1904 - 1905), Veterinary Institute, Midwifery Institute, lists of students of the Vladivostok Oriental Institute, students of the Don Polytechnic Institute (1908 - 1909), Kazan University and Veterinary Institute, Kazan Theological Seminary and Theological Academy, Kazan Zemstvo Paramedic School (1899 - 1905), students of the Kiev University and Polytechnic Institute, Kiev Theological Seminary, Moscow University, Technical School , Lazarevsky Institute of Oriental Languages ​​in Moscow, Moscow engineering school, Commercial School, Moscow Practical Academy of Commercial Sciences, Agricultural Institute, Land Surveying Institute, Moscow Midwife, students of paramedic courses, dental school, Stroganov School, Teachers Institute, accounting courses, etc., lists of a number of educational institutions in
Op. 265, 267, 1306 units. chronicle, 1883 - 1917
The fifth department of the Special Department of the DP is “perlustration”. The bulk of the documents in the inventory cover the years 1906 - 1917.
The collection contains both fully copied letters and partially copied letters, encrypted letters (their deciphered text is available), and original letters written in sympathetic ink. Tables for deciphering letters, original envelopes in which legal and illegal literature were sent. Journals of incoming and outgoing correspondence (cases 1179 - 1200), from which in some cases it is possible to reconstruct letters that have not survived. Letters from representatives of various classes, views, different party orientations, and social status were subject to inspection. Letters from representatives of various parties (Social Democrats, Socialist Revolutionaries, Anarchists, Cadets), Black Hundred organizations, liberal-minded figures, high-ranking dignitaries, statesmen, administration representatives, ministers, officials, priests.
Letters characterizing the era, time, the attitude of various layers of society to certain events in political life (revolutionary uprisings of 1905 - 1907, Stolypin’s reforms, Lena events, dispersal of the State Duma, Azef’s betrayal, the First World War, etc. ).
The bulk of the letters reflect the workers', professional, peasant, and student movements, the situation of the urban and rural population, the mood in the army, navy, and the activities of various parties and organizations. The letters trace the preparations for party congresses and conferences. Correspondence to printed legal and illegal bodies, to the State Duma.
The illustration covers the activities of monarchical organizations, zemstvo and city unions, the progressive bloc, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the State Duma and its members.
Op. 269, 42 units. chronicle, 1879, 1883 - 1917
Journals of meetings of the Commission under the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the issue of revising the regulations on the administrative management of merchant shipping and on the commercial police, on the reorganization of the central institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, on the transformation of the Transcaucasian Zemstvo Guard. Materials of interdepartmental commissions to discuss the project “Regulations on identity cards, population registration and passports”, on the revision of pension legislation, on the organization of a counterintelligence service, etc. Journals of the Committee of Ministers (1898, 1917), Special journals of the Council of Ministers (originals and copies for 1906 - 1915) on the dismissal of civil service officials on leave, on the organization of public readings on agricultural issues, on the opening of new higher educational institutions, on the acquisition of L.N. Tolstoy's estate "Yasnaya Polyana" into the treasury, on the prohibition of Jews from coming to the Siberian Fair, on the restriction of the admission of Jews to educational institutions. There is a resolution of Emperor Nicholas II “I agree”.
Op. 270, 561 units chronicle, 1881 - 1917
Desktop registers of the 1st office work of the police department with information on the content of cases opened in the office work (1882 - 1884).
Journals with lists of DP officials who suffered during the performance of their official duties from “criminal acts” committed for political purposes, and lists of persons who were awarded benefits and pensions from the DP.
Desktop registers of the DP with information about the time of receipt, maintenance and termination of cases of state crimes for 1897 - 1917.
Books of inquiries carried out in the State Housing Department, with information about the time of receipt of cases of state crimes (1897 - 1917).
Books of inquiries carried out in the State Housing Department with information about the time the cases were opened, about the number of persons involved in the inquiry and about their content, about the time the inquiry ended (1898 - 1913).
Desktop registers of cases of the DP on state crimes by province with information about the time the cases were initiated, the content and time of their completion (1907 - 1916).
Op. 271, 213 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1917
Alphabetical books, subject-thematic indexes to the cases of the 1st office work, alphabetical lists of the highest and lowest ranks of the police (1881 - 1915), employees receiving benefits and pensions, lists of foreign nationals who were involved in the cases of the 2nd office work, indexes to charters of societies and public organizations under the 2nd case management, lists of persons who filed petitions in the 3rd case management (1909 - 1910), names of persons involved in the 6th case management, lists of persons subject to search on the basis of DP circulars.
Op. 272, 1168 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1917
Journals of incoming documents of all DP structures. Journals are an important source for clarifying and finding the location of a document sent to the DP. Document titles are arranged by date of receipt. The columns of the journal indicate where the document came from, the date, the outgoing number of the institution from which it was sent, the incoming DP number (each office work had its own number). The addressee is given and summary document, code of the archival file in which the document is filed. The inventory indicates only the number of incoming documentation.
Op. 273, 565 units. chronicle, 1881 - 1917
Logs of outgoing documents. They are located by office work and departments: secretarial, treasury and economic. The journals contain information about which institution the document was sent to, its originating number, date, summary, case number, where the leave was left. The inventory indicates only the number of the outgoing document.
Op. 274 - 288, 1172 units. chr., 1881 - 1893, 1900 - 1917
Secretarial part
Established in March 1883, it was abolished in 1895, the personnel of the secretarial unit were distributed among the office work of the DP; Only the secretary and his assistant, a general journalist, remained with the director.
In July 1903, an office was re-established under the secretary, which concentrated: special secret and personal correspondence of the director; encryption and decryption of telegrams; compiling telegraphic encrypted keys and distributing them to places, compiling articles for weekly notes to the Tsar about outstanding incidents based on data received by the office, with the exception of the Special Department. In 1912, the preparation of weekly notes was transferred from the secretarial department to the 4th office.
In March 1910, a special department was formed within the DP, the “Secretary Department”, which concentrated: 1) matters relating to the personnel of the DP (in 1911, these cases were transferred to the department of the 1st office); 2) correspondence on the introduction of new, destruction of old ciphers, as well as the analysis of all incoming encrypted telegrams and the encryption of outgoing dispatches throughout the DP, with the exception of the Special Department; 3) personal correspondence of the director; 4) management of the general journal part of the DP; 5) the production of cases falling within the competence of other departments of the DP, but temporarily (based on their special nature and at the insistence of the director) transferred to the secretarial department, as well as correspondence and 6) the central reference alphabet.
Cases (1881 - 1894): circulars of the DP, correspondence (reports and messages from governors, heads of the State Housing Department, vacations of relations of the DP, etc.) about the activities and arrest of persons for maintaining the secret printing house "Black Redistribution", for belonging to a terrorist faction socialist revolutionaries, for participation in the student movement; about summoning as witnesses to the Kiev Military District
court of political prisoners V. N. Figner, A. P. Tikhanovich and others, on the transfer of exiles from Siberia for imprisonment in the St. Petersburg fortress, on the receipt and expenditure of sums allocated for the maintenance of prisoners in the Alekseevsky ravelin, on the execution of the sentence of the Special Presence the government Senate in the case of 20 persons accused of a state crime; lists of political prisoners held in the St. Petersburg fortress; the transmittal relations of the Yakut governor to the letters of N.G. Chernyshevsky sent by him to his wife (one letter dated April 2, 1882 is on file); petitions and correspondence on them for permission to publish newspapers and magazines, for confirmation in the rank of editors-publishers, the charter of the self-help society for reporters, stenographers and correspondents of St. Petersburg newspapers, for the prohibition of retail sales of certain issues of newspapers; petitions from various persons and correspondence regarding them for permission to enter the university, for assistance in entering the civil service; about a call to see the king, about transfer
Cases (1900 - 1917): copies of orders, instructions and circulars of the Police Department, statements on the state of affairs in the DP according to the tsar’s notes in the governors’ reports; encryption keys and explanatory notes for them, documents about the Zionist congress in Basel, about the trip of Emperor Nicholas II to Crimea and Italy, about the personnel of the secretarial unit.
Op. 289 - 294, 200 units. chronicle, 1908 - 1912
Inspection Department
Formed in January 1908, it acted under the leadership of the director of the DP, and the office of the department was headed by the clerk of the 1st office.
The department was entrusted with conducting audits of police institutions by order of the minister and drawing up reports to the director on the personnel of police institutions.
In 1912, the inspection department was abolished, and its functions were transferred to the 1st office.
Approximate audit programs of detective departments, police departments and other provincial institutions, circulars of the DP on political and criminal investigation, correspondence for 1908 - 1912. on the sending of department officials to Kharkov, Kostroma, Ekaterinoslav, Chita, Poltava, Kherson, Ufa and other cities to carry out inquiries, review inquiries and correspondence of gendarmerie departments to check and audit the activities of police departments, security and detective departments and officials (Moscow mayor A A. Reinbot and his assistant Korotky in the period 1906 - 1907, St. Petersburg mayor D. V. Drachevsky and police chief P. F. Galle in 1905 - 1911, officials of the Kiev police), for a review of measures taken to eliminate escapes of political exiles, to familiarize themselves with the living conditions of their lives in Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Yenisei and Tomsk provinces; reports, reports and reports on the results of audits with the attachment of certificates, copies of interrogation protocols, journals of general presences of provincial governments
Op. 295, 136 units. chronicle, 1863 - 1917
Lists of personnel of DP, GZHU and security departments.
Op. 296, 10 units. chronicle, 1884 - 1916
Employees' Savings and Loans
Charters of the cash office (1884, 1888, 1893), reports of the supervisory committee and the board of the savings and loan bank, minutes of the general meeting of the cashier's participants, reports of the board and the supervisory committee, minutes of the extraordinary general meeting of the cashier's participants and memos of the liquidation commission to the director of the DP, savings statements .
Op. 297, 42 units. chronicle, 1883 - 1917
Economic part
Statements on the daily expenses of St. Petersburg police officials, reports and orders on the release of money for the construction of a building for the police station, estimates of business expenses for the repair and maintenance of police stations, minutes of meetings of the economic committee for managing the house of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the buildings of the police station, correspondence about the uniform of couriers and guards of the police station. Reports on expenses for office needs, demanding statements for the issuance of one-time cash benefits to lower servants at the Ministry building, in the acquisition of alphabet cabinets for the central alphabet, journals of meetings of the economic commission, correspondence on the sale of old files intended for destruction (1910 - 1916), DP orders on the transfer of personnel to other structures and institutions, on the cancellation of vacations in connection with wartime.
Op. 299, 394 units. chronicle, 1883 - 1917
Treasury section
Correspondence about the storage of pledges submitted for persons involved in political processes, cash receipts about the receipt of one-time benefits to the families of police officials, statements about the amounts allocated for secret expenses, pay slips for the issuance of salaries to officials of the DP, an audit trail for expenditure orders, information about the provision to the director of the DP of statements on the check of the movement of the DP cash desk, on the movement of patronage assistance, lists of persons to whom benefits were assigned, on the amounts belonging to the magazine "Police Bulletin", on interest-bearing securities belonging to the Special Fund, which is at the disposal of Minister S. E. Kryzhanovsky, on the withholding of state apartment tax from DP officials, etc. Supporting documents for secret agents.
Op. 300, 323 units. chronicle, 1846 - 1916
Records management of archives of the III Division and DP
From the moment of the creation of the III Department in 1826, each of its five expeditions had its own archive, where it kept files completed with office work. In 1846, an order was issued by the head of the III Department to create a general archive. The basis of the collective archive was the files of the Special Chancellery of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (1800 - 1826) and the files of all expeditions of the III Division. In addition, the archive received files and documents from abolished investigative commissions, committees (1848, 1849, 1862) and materials remaining after the death of Emperor Alexander I, Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, prominent government and public figures: Count A. H. Benckendorff , Count I. O. Witt, A. A. Arakcheev and others.
The archive developed rules for the delivery and storage of files, and an examination of the value of documents was carried out. Documents were divided into three categories: permanent, temporary storage and files subject to destruction. The destruction of files was carried out systematically.
In 1880, after the abolition of the III Department, its archive was transferred to the newly formed DP and laid the foundation for the acquisition of its archive. At this time, archive materials began to be used for scientific purposes. First
researcher N.F. Dubrovin received access to the archive in 1882. In the period 1882 - 1916. More than 50 people visited the archive.
After 1917, the archives of the III Division and the Police Department entered the Petrograd Historical and Revolutionary Archive, and in 1926 they were transferred to Moscow to the Archive of Revolution and Foreign Policy.
Orders of the head and manager of the III Department and correspondence (1846 - 1847) on the organization of the archive, equipment of the premises, putting things in order, fire safety, distribution of responsibilities between archive officials. Instructions, lists, statements (1859 - 1906) on the acceptance of cases from the structural divisions of the III Division and the DP, on the conduct of examinations, the destruction of files with a temporary storage period. Petitions from V.I. Semevsky, P.E. Shchegolev, M.K. Lemke, A.A. Kotlyarevsky, N.F. Dubrovin and others for admission to the archive; certificates on the “political reliability” of researchers, materials on the preparation of the anniversary essay of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in 1902, materials related to the transfer of A. S. Pushkin’s autographs to the Lyceum Society and the Pushkin House, orders, orders and other guidance materials on the archives of the DP. Most of them are made up of old delivery lists of the III Division and DP.
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT (ON INVESTIGATIONS ABOUT STATE CRIMES) OF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS. 1880 - 1883.

Leaders and officials of the Police Department.
From left to right: sitting P.K. Lerche, S.E. Vissarionov, S.P. Beletsky, V.F. Dzhunkovsky, K.D. Kafafov, S.A. Pyatnitsky; Clerks are standing. 1913

The Police Department is the main governing body of police and political investigation of the Russian Empire; was created in August 1880 after the abolition III department His Imperial Majesty's own chancellery was part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The police department consisted of nine records departments, a secret part, an office, a special department (it included an intelligence department) and an inspector department. The Police Department worked closely with the Separate Corps of Gendarmes; The comrade of the Minister of Internal Affairs, who was in charge of the police, was also the chief of the gendarmes. It ceased to exist in late February 1917.

Directors of the Police Department:

I. O. Velio (1880-1881), V. K. Pleve (1881-1884), P. N. Durnovo (1884-1893), N. I. Petrov (1893-1895), N. I. Saburov ( 1895-1896) A. F. Dobrzhinsky (1896-1897), S. E. Zvolyansky (1897-1902), A. A. Lopukhin (1902-March 1905), S. G. Kovalensky (March-June 1905), N.P.Garin (June - November 1905), E.I.Vuich (November 1905-1906), M.I. Trusevich (1906-1909); N.P. Zuev (1909-1912), S. P. Beletsky (1912-1914), V. A. Brun de Saint Hippolyte (1914 - September 1915), R. G. Mollov (September - November 1915), K .D.Kafafov (November 1915 - February 1916), E.K.Klimovich (February - September 1916), A.T.Vasiliev (September 1916 - February 1917).

About the “Initiative Group of Anarchists of the South.”

In June of this year in the South of Russia, among local anarchists the idea arose of founding the “Initiative Group of Anarchists of the South”, with the goal of creating a strong Anarchist Federation to fight capital and the State. Realizing from the experience of past years that with the scattered work that had been carried out until now, the anarchists ultimately suffered only large and completely pointless sacrifices, the initiators of the unification decided to create such a harmonious organization in which every anarchist who wanted to fight, regardless of color, could find use of one's strengths and abilities.