(04/15/1926 – ?.?.1981) was born in Moscow. My father’s brothers are the famous polar pilot Yakov Moshkovsky, the founder of Russian pharmacology Mikhail Mashkovsky. As the poetess herself recalled, the family was very friendly and hardworking. The girl was surrounded by an atmosphere of love, cordiality, and mutual understanding. Emma Moshkovskaya with early age began to show extraordinary vocal abilities, so after graduating from school she chose the Gnessin State Musical and Pedagogical School. After graduating from college, she worked for three years as an assigned soloist of the Arkhangelsk Philharmonic. Returning home, Emma Moshkovskaya entered the opera and choral studio at the Moscow Conservatory. She didn’t even think about a literary career, although she was seriously interested in poetry and wrote poetry. Often these were friendly epigrams, comic texts for drinking songs of familiar bards. In 1960, Emma Moshkovskaya decided to send several of her poems to the editorial board. children's magazine"Murzilka". To her surprise, they were not only published, but even received high praise from Marshak and Chukovsky, who predicted a great future for the aspiring author. In addition to “Murzilka,” Emma Moshkovskaya collaborated with the magazines “Pioneer” and “Counselor,” and 1962 became a turning point for her - the poetess released her first collection of poems for children, “Uncle Shar.” She quickly became a very popular author - publishing houses published two or three of her books per year. In addition to poetry, Emma Moshkovskaya tried her hand as a prose writer, playwright, and translator. Having become a member of the Writers' Union, I decided to finish musical career, completely devoting himself to literature. In the 70s, Emma Moshkovskaya replenished her creative treasury with several scripts for animated films, as well as two gramophone records with recordings of poetry. Her new books continued to be a big hit with young readers. To be fair, it must be said that the poetess’s style of versification - deliberately childish, almost colloquial - often aroused criticism from her colleagues: once the Krokodil magazine even published a rather poisonous parody of Viktor Zavadsky’s poem “Cows Chew.” In addition, Emma Moshkovskaya began to increasingly feel a complete breakdown due to growing health problems. In the last years of her life, she practically did not compose anything new - she completed and edited poems she had once begun, which later became the basis for the posthumous collections “Good News” and “Grandfather Tree”. Over the past years, interest in the poetess’s work has not weakened at all: books are actively being republished, her poems, fairy tales, and stories continue to be translated into different languages world, and songs based on poems by Emma Moshkovskaya, written by Soviet composers, are still performed by the “stars” of Russian pop and rock music. The secret of this enduring success was formulated many years ago by Samuel Marshak: “She has the main thing that a children’s poet needs: genuine, not feigned, cheerfulness, the ability to play with children without adjusting to them.” It’s only a pity that “adult” lyrical works that Emma Moshkovskaya wrote throughout her short, but such a vibrant life.

Poems by Emma Moshkovskaya for children (texts)

“A sore throat”, “Height”, “Greedy”, “The hard way”, “Spring arithmetic”, “Golden web”, “What kind of gifts are there”, “It’s time for winter...”, “Everyone put on fur coats”, “I offended my mother”, “We said goodbye”, “Good evening”, “The famous acrobat”, “My wonderful nose”, “The train is rushing”, “The chicken went to Kud-Kudaki”, “I went into my offense”, “ Two steps”, “Sour poems”, “Night poems”, “Nose, wash your face!”, “I sing”, “Talking cat”, “Give me a crocodile!”

Emma Moshkovskaya. Poems for children

Moshkovskaya has occupied a special place in children's literature. Her poems for children were original and original. Moshkovskaya was indeed a Russian children's writer and poetess. Reading poems for Moshkovskaya’s children, it may seem that they were written not by an adult poetess, but small child. At the beginning creative path Moshkovskaya received Marshak's approval. This is what Samuil Yakovlevich wrote about the novice author: “ Emma Moshkovskaya- one of the most gifted young poets writing for children. She has the main thing that a children’s poet needs: genuine, not feigned, gaiety, the ability to play with children without adjusting to them.” In 1962 G . Moshkovskaya released the first collection of poems for children, “Uncle Shar,” which was followed by more than 20 collections of poems and fairy tales for children. For poetry Moshkovskaya Soviet composers wrote songs. Until now, Moshkovskaya’s work has not been properly appreciated, although her books have begun to appear again, and many understand that she is a great and original poet. ;

Moshkovskaya Emma Efraimovna was born in 1926 in Moscow. As she herself recalled, she spent her entire childhood in an atmosphere of mutual understanding, love and friendliness. Her uncles are known throughout the country:

• M. Moshkovsky - founder of pharmacology in Russia;
• J. Moshkovsky - polar pilot.

Biography

Even as a child, Emma Moshkovskaya began to sing. And she did it well. That is why immediately after school she entered the Gnessin School. After graduation, she worked as a soloist in the Philharmonic Society of Arkhangelsk for 3 years. However, after this time she still returned home. In Moscow, she decided to enter the opera and choral studio at the conservatory.

Emma didn’t even think about any literary career as a poet. Although even then she enjoyed writing poetry, short comic texts and epigrams, and drinking songs.

Children's poems

Only in the 60s did she send several of her poems to the magazine “Murzilka” for the editors’ judgment. Not only were they published, but her work also received excellent ratings from such masters as Chukovsky and Marshak. All this predicted an excellent career for the future children's poetess.

In addition to “Murzilka,” Emma Moshkovskaya also sent her poems to such magazines as “Counselor” and “Pioneer.” And by 1962, she released her own first collection, which collected the best children's poems. This book was called "Uncle Shar".

Emma Moshkovskaya gained popularity incredibly quickly. The biography confirms this. After all, after the first collection, she began to publish 2-3 books a year. And all of them were incredibly in demand from publishing houses.

Cartoons

Moshkovskaya’s literary career was not limited to poetry for children. In the 70s, she began writing scripts for cartoons. At the same time, she recorded several records with her children's poems, which enjoyed unprecedented popularity among Soviet children.

All the poetess’s poems were written as if by a child. This style often caused a storm of indignation and criticism from colleagues. Someone even wrote parodies of her works. But Emma Moshkovskaya did not pay close attention to this. After all, the main thing is children's love.

IN recent years throughout her life, the poetess felt very bad. That's why I didn't write anything. She only corrected and completed the poems she had already begun. They formed the basis of Emma’s posthumous collections:

• "Grandfather Tree";
• "Good news."

Creation

Emma Moshkovskaya still remains popular. Her poems are republished and translated into other languages. And the songs that she once wrote together with famous Soviet composers are still performed by pop stars.

The poet Emma Moshkovskaya remains successful to this day. And her secret is simple - she is sincere and genuine in her feelings for children. It’s only a pity that all her lyrical works intended for adult audience, remained unpublished.

• “The earth is spinning!”;
• "Uncle Shar";
• “Listen to the rain”;
• "Greedy";
• "One hundred guys - kindergarten"and many others.

All these books contain poems that very subtly convey the fullness of a child’s worldview. In them you can see the various shades of emotions that children experience throughout their lives. Thanks to the poetess's musical education, all her poems are amazingly musical, so they fit perfectly into music. They have long become songs.

And now many understand perfectly well that Moshkovskaya is a poet with a capital P. After all, in order to please a child, you need to speak the same language with him. And Emma’s poems seem to have been written by a child, and not by an adult aunt:

I went into my grievance
And he said that I would not go out.
I'll never go out
I will live in it all the years!

Childhood, which Emma Moshkovskaya talks about in her works, is an island of happiness. The main characters are, of course, children. They are all very different, but incredibly multifaceted personalities. And how I would like everything to be as in the poetess’s poems: everything broken cups became whole again, and my beloved mother was never angry!

Eh, for a long time I was going to talk a little about another children's writer, whose poems and fairy tales I (and it should be noted, not only me) really like. But, after another viewing of the cartoon “And Mother Will Forgive Me” by my son, I finally decided to do it. Maybe there will be other admirers of this poem and the cartoon of the same name!?

Emma Moshkovskaya occupies a special place in children's literature. And although during her lifetime she was not fully blessed with the rays of fame, now her work is finally beginning to be recognized and many consider her a unique, original children's poetess.

Her first poems were published in 1961 in the magazines “Murzilka”, “Counselor” and “Pioneer”. After her first publications, Samuel Marshak noticed her: “Emma Moshkovskaya is one of the most gifted young poets writing for children. She has the main thing that a children’s poet needs: genuine, not feigned, gaiety, the ability to play with children without adjusting to them.” K. Chukovsky also had an equally high opinion of her work. The first collection of her poems was published in 1962. Five years later she was accepted into the Writers' Union. In total, she published more than 20 poetry collections, which also included fairy tales written by her.

Her poems are written in such childish language that it seems as if they were invented by a small child, and not an adult poetess.

I'll start right away with our favorite:


I offended my mother
Now never, never
We won't leave the house together,
We won’t go anywhere with her.

She won't wave at the window,
And I won't wave to her,
She won't tell anything
And I won't tell her...

I'll take the bag by the shoulders,
I'll find a piece of bread
Find me a stronger stick,
I'll go, I'll go to the taiga!

I will follow the trail
I will look for ore
And through the stormy river
Let's go build bridges!

And I will be the main boss,
And I'll be with a beard,
And I will always be sad
And so silent...

And then it will be a winter evening,
And many years will pass,
And then onto the jet plane
Mom will take the ticket.

And on my birthday
That plane will fly in,
And mom will come out from there,
And mom will forgive me.
there is also a cartoon

There are also cartoons:
“Day of Riddles” (film, 1987), text author
“Cunning Old Ladies” (film, 1980), screenwriter
“Chicken Checkered” (film, 1978), screenwriter
“Clown” (film, 1977), screenwriter
“The Goat and His Grief” (film, 1976), screenwriter
“Why does the lion have a big mane?” (film, 1976), screenwriter
“Hippopotamus” (film, 1975), screenwriter
“And Mom will forgive me” (film, 1975), based on a poem by E. Moshkovskaya
“The Goat and the Donkey” (film, 1974), screenwriter

“Poems and Fairy Tales”, “Give a Crocodile”, “Dreams of Summer”, “Happy Island”, “One Hundred Children - Kindergarten”, “Grandfather Tree”, “Good News”, “I Sing”, “Greedy”, “ A book for a friend”, “We play school”, “A clean song”, “A walk with father”, “We play store”, “Who is the kindest”, “ Merry wind"", "The sun is washing itself", "Polite word", "Once upon a time there was a Little Gray Goat", "A house was built for everyone", "Looker", "Shadow and day", "I will draw the sun", "How frogs learned to croak ", "Funny store", "Gifts in the park", "Where the sun sets", "The finch has warmed up", "The earth is spinning!", "I love it when it's morning", "Listen, it's raining!", "Isn't it time for a lesson ?", "Uncle Shar."

Surely you know all these books:




The dog walked along the alley and chewed a large bun... - we bought this book one of the first. The folding book, by the way, is still alive. I really like it. Simple and fun. Every time we discuss the action of a puppy who did not want to share his bun.

"Grandfather Tree"

At Grandfather Tree's
Good hands -
Large
Greens
Kind hands...
Some kind of bird
He's fussing in his hands.
Some kind of bird
Sits on the shoulders.
Grandfather Tree is so nice -
Squirrel shakes with a huge hand...
The bug rushed
And sat down
And swayed
And I admired everything
and I admired everything.
The dragonflies came rushing
And they rocked too.
And the midges came rushing,
And the midges swayed.
And all the waxwings
In a feather bed
Laughed, swayed,
They swayed and whistled!
Grandfather Tree picked up the bees
And he sat it on the palm of his hand...
Grandfather Tree has kind hands -
Large
Greens
Kind hands...
There are probably a hundred of them...
Or one hundred twenty-five...
To rock everyone!
To rock everyone!

Polite word

Http://funforkids.ru/diafilm/179/01.jpg-here you can watch the filmstrip
A fairy tale in verse by Emma Moshkovskaya.
“Nothing comes so easily to us and is valued so dearly as human communication.” And HUMAN communication presupposes politeness. Help little man This fairy tale will help you consolidate the knowledge received from your parents in this difficult science.

“Oh, what words there were!
And aren't we
Have they been forgotten?
IF YOU…
LET...
They have long since been eaten by moths!
But PLEASE...
SORRY…
I could have saved them!”
Save, remember, consume.
Age: 3 - 6 years.

The theater is opening!
Everything is getting ready for the start!
Tickets available
For a polite word.

At three o'clock the cash register opened,
A lot of people gathered,
Even the Hedgehog is elderly
Came in a little alive...

Come on over,
Hedgehog, Hedgehog!
You've got a ticket
In which row?

Closer to me:
I can't see well
So THANK YOU!
Well, I'll go.

The sheep says:
- I have one place!
Here is my THANK YOU -
Good word.

Duck:
- Quack!
First row!
For me and for the guys! -
And the duck got it
GOOD MORNING.

And the deer:
- Good afternoon!
Unless you're too lazy,
Dear cashier,
I would really like to ask
Me, my wife and daughter
In the second row
Give me the best places
Here's mine
PLEASE! -

Yard Dog says:
- Look what he brought!
Here is my HEALTHY -
A polite word.

Polite word?
Don't you have another?

I see
In your mouth
HELLO.
And it’s GREAT! Give it up!

Quit! Quit!
- Please! Please!

We get tickets -
Eight! Eight!
We ask for eight
Goats, Elks,
GRATITUDE
We bring it to you.

And suddenly
Pushing
old women,
Starikov,
Petukhov,
Barsukov...
Suddenly Clubfoot burst in,
Squeezing off the tails and paws,
Knocked an elderly hare...

Cashier, give me a ticket!
- Your polite word?
- I don’t have that.
- Oh, you don’t have that?
Don't get a ticket.
- I have a ticket!
- No and no.
- I have a ticket!

No and no
don't knock is my answer.
Don't growl is my advice.
Don't knock, don't growl,
Goodbye, hello.

The cashier didn't give me anything!
The clubfoot began to cry,
And he left with tears,
And he came to his furry mother.

Mom spanked lightly
Clubfoot son
And took it out of the chest of drawers
Something very polite...
Unfolded
And shook it
And sneezed
And sighed:

Oh, what words there were!
And aren't we
Have they been forgotten?

If you please...
LET...
They've been eaten by moths a long time ago!
But PLEASE...
SORRY...
I could have saved them!
Poor PLEASE
What's left of him?
This is the word
Golden.
This is the word
I'll patch it up! -
Alive and alive
I put it down
Two patches...
Everything is fine!

One-two!
all words
Washed it well
Gave the bear cub:
GOODBYE,
Before JUMPING
AND BEFORE THE TUMBLING,
I RESPECT YOU VERY MUCH...
And a dozen in reserve.

Here, dear son,
And always carry it with you!

The theater is opening!
Everything is ready to start!
Tickets available
For your polite word!

This is the second call!
Teddy bear with all his might
Runs up to the cash register...

GOODBYE! HELLO!
GOOD NIGHT! AND DAWN!
WONDERFUL DAWN

And the cashier gives tickets -
Not one, but three!

HAPPY NEW YEAR!
HAPPY HOUSEHOLDING!
LET ME HUG YOU!
And the cashier gives tickets -
Not one, but five.

HAPPY BIRTHDAY!
I INVITE YOU TO ME!

And the cashier is delighted
Stand on your head!
And to the cashier / At full strength
I really want to sing:
"Very-very-very-very-
Very polite Bear!"

THANKFUL!
I'M SORRY!

Nice guy!
- I'm trying.
- What a clever girl!

Here comes the Bear!
And she's worried
And glows with happiness!

Hello,
Ursa!
You know,
Ursa,
Your son is a nice bear,
Even we can't believe it!

Why can't I believe it? -
The Bear speaks. -
My son is great!
Goodbye!

I went into my grievance
And he said that I won't go out.
I'll never go out
I will live in it all the years!
And offended
I didn't see
Not a flower, not a bush...
And offended
I offended
And a puppy and a cat...
I ate the pie in frustration
And offended I lay down,
And I slept in it for two hours,
I open my eyes...
And she's gone somewhere!
But I didn’t want to look!

Moshkovskaya herself studied vocals as a child and subsequently after graduating from college. Gnesins worked in the Arkhangelsk Philharmonic. This left an imprint on her further work. The characters in the poems do not hide their feelings, they express them loudly and openly.

I'm loud
I sing
about your leg
I sing
about the shoe,
I sing
just like that!

The children's world that Moshkovskaya depicts in her poems is full of genuine joy, endless happiness and, of course, miracles. Broken toys incredibly become whole again, broken vases and cups glue themselves together, and mom never gets angry. (Oh, if only it were like this for real) Her children's characters are active, resourceful and inventive. For example, in the poem “Once upon a time there lived a little man,” the hero finds 12 planks and wants to build a house out of them, but there is only enough material for a porch. But he does not despair, and the construction is completed in the most miraculous way. The roof becomes the sky, one of the walls becomes a “curly forest”. “It’s good that there weren’t enough boards, but anyone can come and visit, and the owner will be happy to see anyone.

Moszkowska's poems are full of life and energy. Each of them is a unique poetic discovery.

All around -
snow.
And on the hill -
No!
The rooks saw it.
Everyone screams
Like a sailor from a ship:
- Earth!

Gradually the heroes of her poems grow. New and new joys appear in their lives: first friends, first books, school... The baby is growing up, but in his soul he still, like Moshkovskaya herself, remains the same child. And with him remains a bunch of treasures that are more valuable than anything in the world of adults: more important than money, knowledge.

Current page: 2 (book has 8 pages total) [available reading passage: 2 pages]

Spring is coming to us young

A. S. Pushkin. “The cold winds are still blowing...”

Cold winds are still blowing
And the morning frosts hit.
Fresh from the spring thawed patches
Early flowers appeared
As if from a wonderful kingdom of wax,
From fragrant honey kelka
The first bee flew out
Flew over early flowers
Explore the red spring:
Will there be a dear guest soon,
Will the meadows soon turn green?
Soon will the curly birch tree
Sticky leaves will bloom,
The fragrant bird cherry will bloom.

1. What season did the poet depict? Support your answer with lines from the poem.

2. "Showed up" early flowers." What are the first flowers you know - primroses?

3. “The Kingdom of Wax” – what is it? And what did the poet call a “fragrant cell”? Why did he call it that?

Literary text

In the poem by A. S. Pushkin, the beehive is called the “wax kingdom”, and each cell for honey in the hive is called a “honey cell”. Poet compares a hive and its inhabitants, bees, with a monastery where monks live in cells. This figurative expressions.

This text is art. The literary text uses figurative expressions. They make the text interesting, expressive.

Folk signs

In March, the chicken will drink from a puddle.

In April the earth crumbles.

May is not cold, but hungry.

1. What does it say? folk signs? How do you understand them?

2. Find consonances in signs. Which one has a contrast?

B. L. Pasternak. March. Excerpt

The sun warms up to the point of sweat,
And the ravine is raging, stupefied.
Like the hefty ones 1
Hefty - healthy, strong, strong.

cowgirls work
Spring is in full swing...

1. How do you understand the expressions: “heats you up in a sweat”, “rages, stupefied, ravine”, “work boils in your hands”? Say it differently. What's more interesting?

2. Can you imagine working as a cowgirl? This is hard and dirty work: feeding, watering the cattle, cleaning up after them... Think about why the poet compared the work of spring with the work of a cowgirl.

Remember what other poets compare spring with and with whom.

3. Find in the passage from the poem words and expressions that are usually used in oral speech. Why does the poet use them in this passage?

A. N. Maikov. "The swallow has rushed..."

The swallow came rushing
Because of the white sea,
She sat down and sang:
“Whatever, February, don’t be angry,
How are you, March, don’t frown,
Be it snow or rain -
Everything smells like spring!”

1. How do you understand the expression “everything smells like spring”? Are we talking only about smells or something else? Say it differently. What does spring really smell like?

2. Read the poem first cheerfully and joyfully, and then sadly and sadly. Which reading option conveys the content of the poem? Explain your answer.

V.V. Bianchi. Sinichkin calendar. April

Zinka flew to the river.

He flies over the field, flies over the meadow, hears: streams are singing everywhere. Streams are singing, streams are flowing - everyone is going to the river.

I flew to the river, and the river was terrible: the ice on it had turned blue, water was coming out near the shore.

Zinka sees: every day, more streams run to the river. The stream will make its way through the ravine unnoticed under the snow and jump from the bank into the river. And soon many streams, rivulets and rivulets crowded into the river - they hid under the ice.

Then a thin black and white bird flew in, ran along the shore, swayed its long tail, and squealed:

- P-lick! Pee-lick!

-What are you squeaking? – asks Zinka. - Why are you waving your tail?

- P-lick! - answers the thin bird. - Don't you know my name? Icebreaker. Now I’ll swing my tail and when I crack it on the ice, the ice will burst and the river will flow.

- Well, yes! – Zinka didn’t believe it. - You're bragging.

- Oh so! - says the thin bird. - P-lick!

And let's swing our tail even more.

Then suddenly there’s a boom somewhere up the river, as if from a cannon! The icebreaker fluttered and, in fright, flapped its wings so much that in one minute it disappeared from sight.

And Zinka sees: the ice has cracked like glass. These are streams - all that ran into the river - as they strained, pressed from below - the ice burst. It burst and disintegrated into ice floes, large and small.

The river has flown. She went and went - and no one could stop her. The ice floes swayed on it, floated, ran, circled each other, and those on the side were pushed onto the shore.

Immediately, all kinds of water birds swooped in, as if somewhere here, nearby, around the corner, they were waiting: ducks, seagulls, long-legged sandpipers. And lo and behold, Icebreaker is back, scurrying along the shore with her little legs, wagging her tail. Everyone squeaks, screams, and has fun. Those who catch fish dive into the water after them, those who poke their noses into the mud, looking for something there, those who catch flies over the shore.

- Zin-zin-ho! Zin-zin-ho! Ice drift, ice drift! - Zinka sang.

And she flew to tell the Old Sparrow what she saw on the river.

And Old Sparrow said to her:

“You see, spring comes first to the field, and then to the river.” Remember: the month in which our rivers are free of ice is called April. Now fly back into the forest. You'll see what happens there.

And Zinka quickly flew into the forest.

1. Find in the text and read about spring streams. What words and expressions help the reader imagine streams as animate, alive?

2. “Many streams, rivulets and rivulets crowded into the river.” Find words with the same root here. Think about why the writer put them together in one sentence.

3. What is the difference between a stream, a rivulet, and a stream in nature? What is the difference between the words that call them?

4. The bird is called Icebreaker. Does she really break the ice on the river with her tail? Guess why it was called that.

5. What sign of April did Old Sparrow tell Zinka?

6. Divide the text into parts according to events, try to title the parts with words from the text. For example:

1) Zinka flew to the river.

2) A black and white bird flew in...

Continue.

Saying

The oatmeal sang to the stonefly: “Leave the sleigh, take the cart.”

1. Find consonance.

2. What is a stonefly? Who is this oatmeal? Why is the bunting song related to stoneflies?

3. What stoneflies do you know?

E. E. Moshkovskaya. The ice has broken

1. “The ice has broken.” How can I say it differently?

2. Did the poetess talk interestingly about the ice drift? What helped her convey the sound of the moving river?

Sound recording

You can select sounds and arrange them in artistic speech in such a way that they enhance its sound expressiveness. Sounds can convey the murmur of a stream, the singing of birds, the noise of trees, etc. This sound writing.

S. A. Yesenin. Bird cherry. Excerpt

Bird cherry fragrant
Bloomed with spring
And golden branches,
What curls, curled.

And satin tassels
Under the pearls of dew
They burn like clear earrings
The girl has beauty.

Fragrant bird cherry,
Having hung himself, he stands,
And the greenery is golden
It's burning in the sun...

1. How does the poet talk about bird cherry branches? What does he compare flower brushes to?

2. What mood does the poem make you feel? Why? What words and expressions create this mood? Pass it on when reading.

Comparison

Poets and writers often compare one subject to another. Comparison does artistic speech expressive, figurative.

A. N. Pleshcheev. My kindergarten

How fresh and green my garden is!
The lilac blossomed in it;
From fragrant bird cherry
And from the curly linden trees the shadow...

True, there are no pale lilies in it,
Proud dahlias,
And only motley heads
The poppy alone exalts.

Yes, there is a sunflower at the entrance,
Like a faithful sentinel,
Guarding his own path,
All overgrown with grass...

1. Have you seen dahlias? Why did the poet call them proud? Do you like this figurative definition? What would you say about dahlias?

2. Who is the sunflower compared to?

3. Does the poet observe his garden at one time of the year or at different times? By what signs can you recognize this?

4. Do you think the poet loves his kindergarten? Try to convey this when reading the poem.

5. In what lines last words consonant (rhyme)?

6. Compose an oral description of “My Garden.” Try to tell about your garden in an interesting way, use figurative comparisons and definitions.

S. A. Yesenin. “The bird cherry tree is pouring snow...”

The bird cherry tree is pouring snow,
Greenery in bloom and dew.
In the field, leaning towards escape,
Rooks walk in the strip.

Silk grass will fade,
Smells like resinous pine.
Oh, meadows and oak groves, -
I'm besotted with spring.

1. “The bird cherry tree is pouring snow.” Do you like this expression? Can we call it a figurative comparison? Why? Does it help you see what is depicted? Tell me what you imagined.

2. “Silk grass will disappear.” Can the grass be called silk at the height of summer?

3. Prepare for expressive reading poems: after reading the poem to yourself, determine the mood expressed by the poet; place the accents correctly; mentally pause; determine the desired reading pace. Read the poem expressively.

Folk sign

March with water, April with grass, and May with flowers.

A. A. Blok. Crow

Here is a crow on a sloping roof
So it remained shaggy since winter...

And there are spring bells in the air,
Even the crow’s spirit became busy...

Suddenly she jumped to the side with a stupid leap,
She looks down at the ground sideways:

What is white under the tender grass?
There they turn yellow under the gray bench

Last year's wet shavings...
It's all the crow's toys,

And the crow is so happy,
It’s spring, and it’s easy to breathe!..

1. What is a “sloping roof”? You can easily answer this question if you guess what word the word “rolling” is derived from.

2. “The spirit took over the crow.” Explain this expression. How can you say this differently? What's more interesting?

3. “There are spring bells in the air.” What spring sounds are mentioned in the poem?

4. What mood is expressed in the poem? Try to convey it while reading.

5. Watch the crows. What do they look like in spring? How do they move? How do they communicate with each other? How is this said in the verses? Compose your own text - a description of the crow.

Folk sign

Crows bathe early spring for warmth; when they are tufted, it means for rain.

Mystery

Fluffy blanket
It fell on the field
It's been winter
For the time being it was silent
And in the spring it screamed,
It started running along the ravines.

Guess the riddle. What are the characteristics of the item? What is it compared to? What actions characterize him?

V. A. Zhukovsky. Lark

In the sun dark forest burst into flames,
In the valley thin steam whitens,
And he sang an early song
In the azure the lark is ringing.

It’s so easy for me here, it’s so welcoming,
So boundless, so airy;
I see all of God's world here.
And my song glorifies God!

1. “The forest glowed.” Say it differently. What is "azure"?

2. "I sing the arrival of spring" - I sing song. Does the word have the same meaning here? sing? Sing- make musical sounds with your voice. Sing(outdated) – to praise, glorify, glorify. In which of these two meanings did you use the word? sing V. A. Zhukovsky?

3. What does the lark sing about? Answer with lines of a poem.

4. Can you imagine what a lark looks like? If not, then find a picture of it in an encyclopedia or on the Internet.

Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky

Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky was a close friend of A.S. Pushkin. He was older than Pushkin, and Pushkin considered him his teacher in literature. V. A. Zhukovsky was a very educated person and an excellent teacher. It is no coincidence that it was Zhukovsky who was entrusted with raising the royal children.

Zhukovsky, like Pushkin, valued the oral creativity of the people. Some of his works were written in the spirit of the people. Zhukovsky and Pushkin even competed to see who could write the best fairy tale in folk style. For this purpose, Zhukovsky wrote the fairy tale “The Sleeping Princess,” and Pushkin wrote “The Tale of Tsar Saltan.”

A. A. Fet. Spring rain

It’s still light in front of the window,
The sun shines through the gaps in the clouds,
And the sparrow with its wing,
Swimming in the sand, it trembles.

And from heaven to earth,
The curtain moves, swinging,
And as if in gold dust
Behind it stands the edge of the forest.

Two drops splashed onto the glass,
The linden trees smell of fragrant honey,
And something came to the garden,
Drumming on fresh leaves.

1. How did the poet talk about rain in the sun and through the sun? Find and read the required stanza.

2. People talk about rain through the sun - The princess is crying. Think about why they say this.

3. Where do you think the poet sees the rain coming from? What did he see, what did he hear, and what did he smell? Find and read the necessary lines.

I. S. Nikitin. Spring in the steppe. Excerpt

The steppe is wide,
The steppe is deserted,
Why are you like this
Are you looking cloudy?

Wake up! Came
It's the same time;
Get into the flowers
In the velvet of green;

Decorate yourself
Dewy pearls;
Call the guests
Celebrate spring.

Look around:
The sky is clear
Blue tent
Spread out

Golden crown
The sun is red
Everything is on fire
Above the oak grove.

New life
It's a warm day,
Breeze on chest
He is asking to see you.

1. " Get out into flowers." How do you understand the highlighted word? Replace it with other words that are similar in meaning. What other meaning does the word have? clean up?

2. “Awake.” Directly or in figurative meaning is this word used here? Can we call it figurative? What other figurative words and expressions did the poet use in this poem? What did you like most about it?

3. “Call the guests.” Who is the poet addressing? What words and expressions represent the steppe to us as living creature? Think about who the steppe might invite to “celebrate spring.”

4. What does the poet call for “the wide steppe”? Answer with lines of a poem.

Folk sign

Spring rain grows, autumn rain rots.

Explain why they say this. Find the contrasts.

Questions and tasks for review

1. What time of year do poets and writers talk about in the works collected in this section? What kind of mood do these works have? Support your answer by reading a poem. Are there any sad ones among them?

2. Pollen, play ravine, grass, whistler. Which of these ancient names the spring months correspond to March, April and May? Do you understand why these months were called that?

3. Learn by heart those poems about spring that you liked the most.

4. What spring holidays do you know?

5. Tell us about the beauty of the spring forest, park, garden. Words and expressions from the poems and stories you read will help you. Try to use figurative comparisons and definitions in the story.

6. Borrow a book from the library about your favorite season. Write down what you read in your Reader's Diary.

This is not possible, but this is possible and necessary

S. V. Obraztsov. This is not possible, but this is possible and necessary

I often remember my childhood years. And it happens that I am ashamed of what I did in my childhood, and, on the contrary, it happens that I remember some of my actions with joy and I am not ashamed of them.

So I would like to tell you about what I am ashamed to remember, and about what I am happy to remember. Maybe this will be useful for you to know.

S. V. Obraztsov. Sparrow

When I was about eight years old, my dad, mom and my younger brother and I lived in Moscow, in Sokolniki... Then there was not only asphalt, but even pavement in our lane, just dirt. There are very few cars. Very rarely does a car pass by and everyone is surprised by it.

Instead of cars there were cabs. And since there were cab drivers, that means there were horses, and since there were horses, that means oats were often spilled from the sack on the streets - that’s the name of the bag of oats that was hung from the horse’s muzzle. Sparrows often gathered around the spilled oats.

Someone gave me a thin stick ending in a sharp metal rod. If you throw this stick, it will certainly stick into the ground. I threw it right where the sparrows were sitting.

And then something very terrible happened. The tip of the stick pierced the sparrow, and it fluttered. I ran up and pulled out this stick, but, of course, the wounded sparrow could not take off.

I began to scream, cry and took this sparrow in my hands. The edges of his beak were yellow. This means that it was a very young sparrow.

I decided to let him go somewhere on the grass.

There was a gate in the neighboring fence. They did not reach the ground itself, and between the gate and the ground it was clear that there was a lot of good grass in the yard. I carefully let the little sparrow under this gate. He galloped off and lay down in the grass, and I kept looking and looking at him. Little Sparrow was breathing heavily, then he began to flutter and froze. Then I realized that he had died. I was already crying, but then I cried even harder and ran home.

The old nanny met me at home. I told her what happened. She furrowed her eyebrows and told me, “This is very bad. This is a great sin. God will punish you."

In the evening my mother came home from work, and I told her everything.

“...What you did,” said my mother, “is a sin, a real sin... before everything that lives on earth, and that means before the sparrow. You can’t do that.”

1. The boy threw the stick to where the sparrows were sitting. He did this: by negligence; in order to kill a bird; on purpose; accidentally; without thinking about the consequences. Choose what you need. Think about whether the boy is guilty and what exactly is his fault.

2. What place in the story is the most intense, difficult? Read it again.

3. How did the adults react to the boy’s action? Do you think the nanny and the boy’s mother did the right thing?

4. After this incident, the boy tried to be better and became better. Do you think the condemnation of adults helped him in this? Imagine what would have happened if his mother and nanny had not condemned him, but pitied him.

5. What is the main idea of ​​the story?

6. What is a sack? Find the author's explanation in the text.

7. In Rus', any bag or pouch was called a sack. The bag was worn over the shoulder or over the shoulders, just as a backpack is now worn.

Read the expressions.

“Pour salt into the little bag.”

“Runs around like a fool with a dirty bag.”

“Give him at least a bag of pies, even a devil with horns - it’s all the same.”

Tell us what these bags are in size and purpose.

S. V. Obraztsov. flying squirrel

I was already seventeen years old. My father was appointed head of the expedition... My father took me on as a worker.

First, we sailed about three hundred kilometers on a boat along the Vychegda River. This is very big river. We sailed for many days, and at night we simply slept on the shore in sleeping bags.

It was already late autumn.

And one day this incident happened. We fell asleep in sleeping bags on the sand by the river, and when we woke up in the morning, we saw that everything around us was white and white with frost. It’s like snow... And there are bear tracks on it. It turns out that the bear approached us at night and probably sniffed us, and then the tracks went to the river and ended at the water itself. This means the bear entered the water and swam away. Bears don't swim very well, but they can still swim across the river.

Then we sailed along the Vishera River, and then along the narrow Nivshera River. But here we no longer rowed, but pushed off with poles. And then we walked a hundred kilometers through the taiga...

It was complete taiga. Amazing, like in a fairy tale. You've probably read Pushkin, or your mother read it to you:

There on unknown paths
Traces of unprecedented animals.
There's a hut there on chicken legs
It stands without windows, without doors.

In Russians folk tales There are similar huts on chicken legs. Baba Yagis live in them and their noses touch the ceiling.

So, these huts actually exist... These are warehouses for hunters' spoils. They stand on poles or cut down tall stumps. A piece of board is placed on top of such a stump, and again the same log is placed on top of the board. This is to prevent mice from getting into the hut. They will reach the board and feet; they cannot crawl on the board upside down and upside down with their paws. They are not flies, but mice.

There are no windows or doors in the hut so that a bear cannot break down a door or window with its paw.

How to get into the hut? It turns out that you need to pull out the floorboard, and then you can get in there. I even slept in such a hut once. You can’t stand there, but you can lie down or sit there...

Our guide often killed hazel grouse and wood grouse, and then we boiled them in a pot over a fire. This guide wanted to teach me how to shoot. For some reason I didn’t really want this, but he kept saying: “Well, try, Sergei, try. Of course, you won’t hit a flying duck, but it’s not so difficult to hit a sitting flying squirrel.”

The flying squirrel is a wonderful squirrel, all gray. Between her front and hind legs she has, as it were, membranes of skin, only all of them are covered with fur. And if the flying squirrel spreads all four legs, then it turns out to be a small square, sort of like a small fur parachute, and the flying squirrel’s jump from tree to tree is a little like flying, which is why it is called a “flying squirrel.”

And then one day we saw a flying squirrel flying from a tall pine tree to a larch tree.

There are a lot of larches in the north. They are huge, like pine trees, and very beautiful in the fall. They really have golden needles...

A flying squirrel sits on a golden branch and looks at us funny. The sky is blue. Transparent like glass. This only happens in the fall. There are white clouds in the sky. Three ducks flew over the very top of the larches. They flapped their wings very quickly. As if they were in a hurry somewhere on important business. The flying squirrel looked at them, followed them with her gaze, and then began to look at us again. She probably saw people for the first time in her life.

The guide gave me a gun and explained how to aim.

Even though I was seventeen years old, for some reason I felt very ashamed to admit that I didn’t want to kill a flying squirrel. And so I did everything as the guide said. He took aim and pulled the trigger. The butt hit me painfully in the shoulder, and the flying squirrel fell through the branches to the ground.

I walked up to her and took her in my hands. She was still moving, and then she died. This was sixty years ago, even more. But since then I have never killed anyone - neither a bird nor an animal. I can't do this.

When real hunters kill game so that later people have something to eat, this is understandable. People cannot live without this. But this is a hunting profession, this is their job. But for entertainment, for pleasure, in my opinion, there is no need to kill anyone.

1. Why was the squirrel called a flying squirrel?

4. Pay attention to how honestly and frankly the author talks about his bad deeds. Are there any actions in your life that you are now ashamed of? Can you tell us about them?

5. Read the words in the text that express the main idea of ​​the story.

6. You learned from the story that huts on chicken legs exist not only in fairy tales. What is it like, this hut-warehouse? And why is this? Remember in which story you have already seen a description of a hut-warehouse. Compare how they are similar and how they differ.

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