Despite the fact that polymer-sand tiles appeared in Russia relatively recently, they have already begun to gradually push aside traditional cement products.

Thanks to increased demand, those entrepreneurs who are not afraid to start a business in a new area receive quite a lot of money from sales. Polymer sand tile technology has helped solve the age-old problem of finding durable and frost-resistant products.

Advantages of polymer sand tiles

1. Durability. According to the manufacturers, these products can demonstrate the best results even within 30 years of operation.
2. Sustainability. Even negative impacts environment do not harm this tile. She's not afraid of anything straight sun rays, no frost, no moisture, no action of oils or other liquids with acids. She's not afraid of the strong physical activity and is not subject to splitting.
3. Decorative. Modern equipment for the production of polymer sand tiles allows you to create them of any shape, size, color. It can also be stylized or have a different surface.
4. Non-toxic. Even when exposed to the sun, its surface does not emit toxic substances.
5. Easy to use. It can be washed without problems.
6. Durable. Such tiles simply withstand even many years of use.

Where are polymer sand tiles used?

Manufacturers who think that the production of polymer sand tiles will not bring a large enough income are very mistaken. This product has a fairly wide scope of application, so it is considered quite popular among buyers. It can be used in garden plots, in the local area, in places of mass recreation, at gas stations and technical stations, in covered parking lots and in the garage, in the workshop.

Production of polymer sand products

The technology in this area is quite complex and therefore requires special equipment. Units for the production of polymer sand tiles are quite expensive, but their purchase will very soon be covered by profits from the sale of goods. How does the tile creation process work?

All the necessary materials are poured into the extruder and mixed until smooth. It should have the consistency of a fairly thick dough. Then the mass is poured into special molds, which are placed on a molding press. It gives shape to the tiles and makes them denser. The cooled product is sent to "aging".

Equipment for the production of polymer sand tiles

Of course, today you can find a wide variety of units that are suitable for this purpose. But if you are selecting equipment for the production of polymer sand tiles, then you should remember about its modernity and high quality.

If you want to open your own business, then purchase an extruder or a melting and heating unit, a molding press with special molds. Also, to get the best possible results, it is best to buy a radial crusher.

The latter is used to shred plastic. It will prepare polymer components, which will then be used to create durable tiles. This can be attributed to the fact that the crusher helps in processing even hard materials. Using equipment for the production of polymer-sand tiles, such as radial crushers, you can save a little on the polymer, which will certainly bring more profit.

Production of polymer sand products. An effective balance of advanced technologies and clearly organized work processes.

Today, lightweight, strong and durable polymer-sand products are gradually replacing outdated analogues made from concrete and metal from the market. And this is not surprising - at a relatively low cost, polymer sand tiles or hatches are not afraid of water, climatic precipitation and weight loads. Moreover, the expected service life of each such component is at least 50 years when used in the most difficult conditions.

The process of producing polymer sand products in our production today is refined to the smallest detail. Modern equipment, many years of experience of personnel, skillful organization of work processes - all these conditions contribute to the formation of attractive consumer and price characteristics of the final product.

1. The production of polymer sand products begins with the purchase of recyclable materials, which is waste of various polymer products purchased in retail outlets, in warehouses and in companies involved in the collection of waste of this category (sorting centers, hypermarkets, large retail chains).

2. At the second stage, crushing is carried out using special crushing machines, which in one work shift pass through themselves from 800 to 1000 kg of polymer waste. As a result, a film is formed in a fine fraction, which from a distance resembles White sand, which is cleared of foreign inclusions during the crushing process. This main component of the future polymer sand product is delivered to the warehouse.

3. The second component of the production process is ordinary fine sand with a moisture content from 0.1% to 10.3%, which is pre-screened, which allows you to get rid of foreign inclusions.

4. The third ingredient of the future mixture is multi-colored pigments created on the basis of iron oxide, giving the final products a certain color. It is worth noting that such dyes are part of the mixture at the production stage, that is, they become an integral component of the molecular structure of each manufactured product. Therefore, polymer-sand hatches and paving slabs do not fade in the sun and do not require regular touch-ups.

5. When all components are available, the mixture is prepared with precise weighing of each ingredient, according to the specifications. In this case we are talking about a proportion of 69% sand, 30% polymer and 1% pigment.

6. After weighing, the bulk materials are poured into a mixer, where they are thoroughly mixed until a composite dry composition is obtained.

7. The next stage is placing the resulting dry “cocktail” in the APN (melting and heating unit)

8. Preparation of a homogeneous polymer-sand mixture; according to its operating principle, APN is an extruder. APNs differ in length: 4 m and 5 m and the volume of the resulting mixture. The productivity of the unit is sufficient for molding products on two molding units at once.

9. To obtain a homogeneous mass, the APN is divided into 3 zones with different temperature conditions. The APN is equipped with thermostats that automatically control the process of turning on and off each heating zone. Temperature adjustment range from 50 to 450C

10. At the output we have a homogeneous mass ready for molding. Subject to the specified temperature conditions, as a result, each filler particle is enveloped in polymer. During subsequent molding and hardening, the polymer sand mass forms a homogeneous monolithic structure with high strength.

11. The resulting mass is weighed. Each type of product has its own standards, for example, for a 330x330x35 tile, 4 kg of polymer-sand raw materials are used.

12. D24 series presses are used as a pressing unit for molding finished polymer sand products in our production lines.

The nominal developed force for the manufacture of polymer sand products is 150 tons.

13. Working with the press is possible both in manual and semi-automatic mode. Automatic control of holding time under pressure on average 2 minutes.

Molds are the main type of equipment for polymer sand production and are designed to shape the finished product. For example, paving and garden slabs, curb stones, water drainage channels, etc.

Manufactured from alloyed structural steels (40Х, 45Х).

To cool the polymer sand mass during the molding process, the mold is provided with a system of channels and fittings through which the mold is connected to the cooling system, which ensures the circulation of coolant inside the mold for effective cooling of the product throughout the mass.

14. The molding of the finished product occurs due to the force that is developed by the press with simultaneous cooling of the mold. As a result, we receive a finished pressed high-quality product with consistent dimensions in accordance with the specifications.

Before it cools completely, lay the tiles on a flat table to cool completely.

15. After the products are completely ready and have passed quality control, the products are packed on a pallet.

16. Packed pallets are sent to the warehouse and prepared for shipment.

17. The shipment process is possible both manually, piece by piece in small volumes, and on pallets using 5 tons. crane or loader.

18. Paving slabs 330x330x35 loaded into a Eurotruck of 600 sq.m. and goes to its lucky owner.

Finally, it is worth noting that the production of polymer sand products helps to preserve the environment, since the decomposition time is natural conditions one plastic bag is 50 years old, and plastic bottle- 1000 years. Our enterprise processes about 20 tons of polymer waste in one month, thereby clearing an area of ​​5 square kilometers from long-lasting waste.

Polymer sand tiles are called eternal. She earned this epithet due to her highest performance characteristics. The material is based on a filler – quartz sand, and a binder – polymer. These tiles are replacing cement tiles and are conquering the market at a tremendous pace. Its advantages are lightness, abrasion resistance, durability and variety of shapes.

Brief business analysis:
Costs of setting up a business:1.6 - 1.9 million rubles
Relevant for cities with the population: from 50 thousand
Industry situation:the production sector is not developed
Difficulty of organizing a business: 3/5
Payback: 9-15 months

What are polymer-based tiles?

Polymer sand tiles are named so for their composition. The bulk and 3/4 of the volume is occupied by ordinary purified quartz sand - environmentally friendly and very cheap material. The other 25% of the tile composition is a binder - PVD (polyethylene) granules high pressure). In addition to it, impurities of other petroleum products get into the tiles, but their quantity is insignificant.

Polymer-based tiles can be used in the most severe conditions. It is durable and works well against compression, and therefore against abrasion. This gives it a head start over cement tiles, which after five years begin to crumble, its corners and cuts are gradually destroyed.

The polymer in the tile makes it plastic, which protects the product from phenomena such as cracking in the cold. main reason, along which road surfaces, building plinths and cement-based tiles are destroyed - this is repeated freezing and thawing. Water enters microcracks in the material, freezes, expands and breaks the stone.

After thawing, moisture penetrates deeper through new cracks and the situation worsens. Polymer sand tiles are made on the basis of a plastic material that does not tear, but stretches and returns to its original position, ensuring that same durability.

Product advantages

Polymer sand tiles have a rich set of positive characteristics that determine the scope of their application. This material is characterized by the following features:

• compressive and bending strength;
• abrasion occurs extremely slowly; it has been experimentally established that the lifespan of such tiles when laid in a pedestrian area is 30 years;
• the material is chemically neutral, so it can be used in aggressive environments;
• the tiles have a rough surface, which is convenient in winter in areas in front of shops and public buildings;
• polymer-sand paving slabs are easy to install, as they have larger size Compared to traditional cement tiles;
• rich color range and choice of textures.

Production technology

The polymer that makes up the tile is chemically neutral; it can only be dissolved with nitric acid, and then only under certain conditions. In order for it to form a homogeneous mixture with sand and pigment, it must be melted. This happens at a temperature of 180 degrees and atmospheric pressure This process is called extrusion.

Preparation of raw materials

Polymer sand tiles are made from quartz sand, polymer and pigments. Sand must meet technological requirements: have a moisture content of no more than 10% and be free of foreign inclusions. Sand preparation involves sifting and drying.

Polymer is PVD granules or polyethylene in any other form. When using recycled materials, the plastic must be literally crushed into dust in order to be able to mix the components evenly. Pigment is an integral element of the composition that gives the tile its decorative properties. The pigments most often used in tile production are:

• iron oxides to produce orange, red and brown colors;
• chromium oxide – green pigment;
• Titanium dioxide is a white dye.

Mixing and Melting

After the components are prepared, they are sent to a concrete mixer, where a homogeneous mixture is obtained from disparate substances. This mixture is fed manually or semi-automatically into a melting apparatus - an extruder. At this stage, the polymer is melted and mixed with the main component - sand.

Molding

The mixture leaves the melting furnace in the form of a plastic mass and enters the molding section. To give the amorphous mass the appearance of a finished tile, molds and a hydraulic press are used. The higher the pressure, the faster the molding will take place.

Polymer sand paving slabs gain strength during the cooling process, which should be quite fast. To comply with the requirements of the specifications, it is necessary to provide a cooling system. After extrusion, liquid LDPE must polymerize again, turning the individual components into a monolithic stone, and the temperature regime is of decisive importance in this process.

Equipment and premises

Production does not require complex technological lines, but you will need to invest a certain amount of money in equipment. Each of the three stages listed above requires specific machines. Below is a list of required instruments and machines in the order of their use:

1. device for crushing polymer conglomerates;
2. scales - for loading required quantity raw materials;
3. concrete mixer - for preparing a homogeneous mixture;
4. melting furnace - to undergo the extrusion process;
5. press 100 tons or 150 tons and a set of molds;
6. cooling system finished products.

In addition to the equipment on which polymer-sand paving slabs are produced, premises for production and storage will be required. Since polymer sand tiles are products that have heavy weight, to move it you will need specialized warehouse equipment - a manual or truck loader.

Attachments

Any industrial production, even on a small scale, requires start-up investments. The equipment listed above is required; without it, it is simply impossible to make tiles. If you make a choice in favor of used cars, then for a complete set you will have to spend at least one and a half million rubles. The exact amount depends on the condition of the equipment, its origin, age and performance.

When buying used equipment, there is a risk of running into hidden faults that will lead to a stop in production. There are options for purchasing new production lines - these are financial lease or leasing. Its meaning is that the lessor company buys at its own expense necessary equipment, puts it on his balance sheet, and rents it out to an entrepreneur. A businessman carries out production using the equipment leased to him, pays lease payments on time and after some time completely buys out the production line.

Who uses tiles

Due to their high performance properties, the scope of application of tiles is extremely wide. It is gradually replacing cement tiles, artificial and a natural stone, asphalt and concrete. Potential tile buyers may be:

• companies involved in laying paving slabs;
• owners of private houses who are interested in finishing the local area and exits from garages;
• owners of industrial premises, service stations, gas stations, open warehouses with overpasses;
• owners of cafes and restaurants who are interested in decorating courtyards and summer areas;
• owners of shops and public buildings who are faced with the task of finishing the adjacent territory;
• landscape designers who find tiles suitable for designing park paths.

When planning the production of polymer sand tiles, you need to understand what target client the business will be aimed at. If the visual component is important for decoration and landscape design, then for the owner of a warehouse or service station the most important criteria are price and quality. Having studied your target audience in detail, you can, at the production planning stage, find a way to stand out from others and thus have a clear competitive advantage.

Marketing strategy

No matter how good and advanced the production, customers play a decisive role in achieving the success of the entire enterprise. Production of polymer sand tiles is profitable business, but over time, competition in this area is only growing. Classic business textbooks and experienced business practitioners say that success is achieved by those who are different from others. What can make a new manufacturer stand out from dozens of similar craftsmen?

Quality– this is the desire to fully satisfy the needs of your client, this is the ability to think for him and solve his problems. In practice, this is expressed in the ability to listen to the wishes of your customer and implement the notorious individual approach. Of course, the quality of the product must be impeccable.

Liabilities– this is the ability to respect your client’s time and know the value of your word. In practice, this means that missed deadlines are unacceptable, as well as cost increases without prior warning. The client should be treated with respect.

Polymer sand tiles appeared on the domestic construction market relatively recently. Such an innovation caused some mistrust among buyers, but gradually polymer slabs proved their superiority over traditional pressed and cast concrete tiles.

Let's consider the main characteristics of polymer-sand tiles, the technology of their production, the scope of application and the procedure for paving slabs on different types grounds.

Polymer sand tile production technology

When developing polymer sand tiles, technologists set themselves the task of creating a durable and frost-resistant material with a long service life. It must be said that they succeeded and the performance characteristics of polymer sand tiles surpassed cement paving stones in many respects.

Park area paved with polymer sand tiles: photo

The working mixture for making tiles consists of three main components:

• medium sand (no more than 3 mm);
• crushed primary polymers (secondary polymers can also be used - from an economic point of view this is more profitable);
• dyes are inorganic pigments.

The main filler of the tiles is sand, it makes up 75% of the total volume. Before use, it is thoroughly washed and sifted. After this, the sand is placed in a special oven and pierced at high temperature.

The entire production cycle of polymer sand tiles can be divided into the following stages:

1. Crushing or agglomeration of raw materials. If polymer chips are used, this step can be eliminated.
2. Mixing sand, polyethylene chips, dyes and additives.
3. Melting of raw materials in an extruder at a temperature of 250°C.
4. Pressing polymer sand mass and forming finished slabs.
5. Product packaging.

Modern automated equipment is used for the production of slabs. The output product is dense and homogeneous; there are no internal or external cracks or voids throughout the entire mass of material.

Technical characteristics of polymer-sand paving slabs

The technical characteristics of the tiles depend on the quality of the raw materials used, the structure of the working mixture and production equipment. However, it is possible to highlight General characteristics polymer sand paving slabs:

Advantages and disadvantages of polymer sand tiles

The combination of a polymer component with a sand filler provides a number of advantages for laying and operating paving slabs:

Disadvantages include the feature polymer products- under influence high temperatures the material tends to expand. If the paving technology is not followed (the gap between the slabs is less than 5 mm), then the coating may become deformed in the hot season - some elements will begin to warp and protrude.

Scope of application of polymer sand tiles

Polymer sand tiles are in demand among professional builders, summer residents, owners suburban areas and private houses.

Paving slabs based on polymers and sand are used in the arrangement of:

Polymer sand tiles can be produced in the form of tiles for roofing. In addition, there are facing tiles made of polymers for finishing building facades.

Review of manufacturers of polymer sand products

The range of polymer sand products on the market is represented by a large number of domestic and foreign companies. Among Russian manufacturers of polymer-sand tiles, Namus LLC, Prompolymer LLC, SibTopProm-14 CJSC, Budprom-Technology Private Enterprise and Polimerika LLC have won a good reputation.

Namus LLC- a large manufacturer of polymer-sand products. All company products are tested in accordance with GOST 3634-99 before being placed on the market. The main production is located in Tatarstan, and there are branches and sales offices in different cities of Russia.

Polymer sand tiles from Namus LLC are produced in sizes 330*330 mm, thickness 35 and 20 mm, basic colors: green, light gray, chocolate and red. The texture of the tile can be of three types: “parquet”, “smooth” and “8 bricks”. The cost of polymer-sand paving slabs is about 500 rubles/m2.

In addition to tiles, Namus LLC produces from a polymer-sand mixture: curbs, gutters, well rings, speed bumps, pedestrian crossings, drainage trays, cable protection slabs, monuments and storm water inlets.

Company group "Prompolymer", founded in 2006, manufactures products for different market segments: polymer-sand products, building metal structures and soft packaging.

The tiles are produced in sizes 330*330 mm, thickness 20 and 40 mm. Shapes of paving slabs: smooth, broken stone and diamond. The price of tiles is from 350 rubles/m2. The quality of Prompolymer polymer sand products is confirmed by a sanitary and epidemiological certificate.

Company CJSC "SibTopProm-14"(Tyumen) appeared on the market of polymer-sand products recently - in 2012, but is already worthy competition for experienced manufacturers.

Paving slabs are available in four basic colors: red, brown, gray and green. The dimensions of the slabs are 330*330 mm, thickness - 20, 30 and 35 mm. Paving slabs are produced in three grades, depending on the quality of the raw materials. The cost of first grade tiles is 490-620 rubles/m2, second grade tiles are 430-510 rubles/m2.

LLC "Polymerica" (Yaroslavl region) specializes in the production of polymer sand tiles and paving slabs. The company's products have been tested for UV irradiation, tested for compliance with sanitary and epidemiological standards and radiation safety indicators. Each study is confirmed by the relevant document.

Paving slabs are manufactured in sizes 330*330 mm, thickness - 25, 30, 35 and 40 mm. Types of textures: smooth, parquet, figured and paving stones. The price of the tiles is 495-630 rubles/m2 (the cost depends on the thickness of the slabs).

Tips for choosing high-quality polymer paving slabs

When choosing polymer-sand tiles, you need to pay attention to the following parameters:

Foreign inclusions on the slabs indicate the use of poorly processed or low-quality raw materials, white stains are the result of non-compliance with the temperature regime. The quality of such polymer-sand tiles deteriorates significantly, the strength and durability of the material decreases

Laying polymer sand tiles with your own hands

Paving polymer-sand tiles can be done on a sand cushion, crushed stone or on a concrete screed. The choice of base for installation depends on the type of soil and the purpose of the paved area.

Laying on sand is used when arranging garden and pedestrian paths and sidewalks. If the site has heaving soil or the area will be used for parking cars, then the slabs must be laid on crushed stone. Installation on a concrete screed is carried out when the tile will be used to accommodate heavy vehicles.

Preparatory activities

To work you will need the following tools:

• crowbar, shovel and jackhammer - for removing old coating and excavating soil;
• trowel, bucket;
• rubber hammer;
• cord and wooden stakes for marking the area and controlling evenness;
• building level;
• rake;
• concrete mixer - if the tiles are laid on a concrete screed;
• mop and broom - for pouring sand into the gaps between the slabs.

Initial soil preparation does not depend on the further method of laying tiles:

Further actions will depend on the type of flooring - sand, gravel or concrete.

Sand paving technology

Sequence of work:

The procedure for laying tiles on crushed stone

After the “bed” for the site has been prepared and the curbs have been placed, the following work is performed:

1. Pour a 10-20 cm layer of crushed stone onto the leveled surface and level it, adhering to the selected slope.
2. Compact the crushed stone with a tamper.
3. Pour a dry cement-sand mixture on top of the crushed stone (layer thickness - 5-10 cm).
4. Level and compact the surface.
5. If significant loads are planned on the paved area, then it is advisable to lay a reinforced mesh before installing the tiles.
6. Lay the tiles, maintaining gaps of about 5 mm.
7. Use a rubber hammer to level the surface of the area. Check the slopes with a building level.
8. Fill the joints with dry cement-sand mixture (ratio 1:5) and moisten.

Gravel paving technology produces a durable surface that can support weight passenger car

Installation of slabs on a concrete base

First stage this method similar to those described above: the soil layer is removed, the surface is leveled and curbs are installed. Next, perform the following steps:

1. Pour a layer of gravel or crushed stone (20 cm thick) over the entire area and compact it.
2. Make a concrete screed taking into account the slope of the surface. The thickness of the screed is 5-10 cm.
3. Paving slabs are laid on cement mortar grade M-150 (proportion of cement and sand 1:3). Instead of this solution, you can use tile adhesive - this method is more reliable. In this case, it is recommended to combine tile adhesive with cement mortar in a ratio of 5:1.
4. The platform must not be loaded or used until the solution has completely dried.
5. After the mortar “sets,” sprinkle the surface of the site with sand and fill the seams between the slabs.
6. Moisten the area and rub the seams with a cement-sand mixture.

Every year new technologies appear that make it possible to improve the properties of familiar materials. Polymer-sand tiles are a product of such innovations. The product is universal in use, practical, durable and financially competitive.

Polymer sand tiles appeared on Russian market building materials quite recently, but has already managed to establish itself as a material worthy of becoming a full-fledged replacement for traditional cement tiles. The demand for such tiles is growing, and those businessmen who are not afraid to work in the innovative field have an excellent opportunity to show their entrepreneurial talent, of course, having first assessed all possible risks.

 

The appearance of this building material was initially due to the desire of technologists to find a coating that could solve the two main problems of cement tiles: low frost resistance and durability. And, we must admit, they succeeded: polymer sand tiles have many advantages. She:

• Durable: according to manufacturers, its service life is about 30 years
• Stable To negative impacts external environment. Polymer sand tiles are not afraid of frost, moisture, direct sunlight, exposure to acidic liquids and oils. It is resistant to high mechanical loads and is not at all prone to pinpoint splitting.
• Decorative: can have any shape, any surface: matte, glossy, structured. It is manufactured in a wide range color scheme, and more importantly, does not lose its decorative effect over time
• Does not emit toxic fumes under the scorching sun
• Easy to clean
• Easy to repair and easily withstands repeated use

Polymer sand tiles can be used:

• when improving garden plots;
• for arrangement of local areas;
• in places of mass attendance: courtyards summer cafes, parks, trade and exhibition pavilions);
• in garages and covered parking lots;
• in workshops;
• for covering exploited flat roofs;
• for cladding the base.

All of the above speaks about demand of this product among buyers and, as a result, the large market capacity, and taking into account the simple manufacturing technology and relatively low costs for starting a business, all this makes the activity of producing polymer sand tiles quite relevant to start.

Sales of finished tiles can be carried out:

• directly to consumers of products: individuals, construction teams and organizations, organizations whose activities are aimed at improving the city;
• through the wholesale network: wholesale warehouses, bases.
• through the retail network: construction supermarkets, specialty stores, markets.

Raw materials For the production of polymer sand tiles the following are used:

• sand without clay inclusions, the fraction of which does not exceed 3 mm;
• polymers: primary and secondary - the latter option is more attractive from an economic point of view,
• pigments, both mineral and organic.

Main stages of production

1. Crushing or agglomeration of raw materials. This stage may be absent if the manufacturer purchases polymer chips.
2. Mixing raw materials in a concrete mixer.
3. Melting the mixture in an extruder (APN).
4. Forming a product using a press.
5. Shipment of finished products to the warehouse.

When calculating the economic efficiency of the production of polymer sand tiles, the following parameters were taken as a basis: work is carried out in 2 shifts, the duration of each of which is 12 hours. The productivity of the mold is 5.83 m 2 of finished products per hour, respectively, the entire line produces 140 m 2 of finished products per day.

Characteristics of finished products

• Tile size - 330 x 330 x 35 mm;
• The number of pieces of the product in 1 m2 is 9 tiles;
• Tile weight - 4 kg;
• Weight 1 m 2 - 36 kg.

Initial costs to start a business

	Naming of expenditures		Price without VAT, rub.	Depreciation for the year, rub.
	Commissioning works
	General purpose scales MK-15.2-AV20

Visit the list of equipment for polymer sand tiles in a special section.

Requirements for production premises and rental costs

The rental cost per 1 m 2 of finished polymer sand tiles will be 2.38 rubles.

Labor costs

		Number of employees	Wage, rub.	Total, rub.
	APN operator
	Helper at the kneading plant
TOTAL per month

Costs of materials for the manufacture of 1 m 2 of finished products

Thus, the cost for producing 1 m 2 of polymer sand tiles will be 136.58 rubles.

Electricity consumption for 1 work shift

Equipment		Power, kW/hour	Quantity, pcs.	Total consumption	Consumption per shift, h	Total, kWh/shift
	Press D2430 modernized
	Concrete mixer SBR-500
	General purpose scales MK-15.2-AV20
	Lighting

The average cost of electricity in Russia is 4.03 rubles. for 1 kW/h, from which it follows that the production of 1 m 2 of paving slabs will entail electricity costs in the amount of 7.8 rubles.

Current costs of the workshop for 1 month of work

Naming of expenditures		per month, rub.		per 1 m2, rub.
	Electricity
	Salary
	Depreciation

Final calculation of the profitability of the business for the production of polymer sand tiles

Cost of 1 m2, rub.
Overhead costs, rub.
Taking into account overhead costs
Market price of 1 m 2, rub.
Profit before tax per 1m2, rub.
Income tax (20%), rub.
Profit from 1 m2, rub.
Total profit per day, rub.
Profitability, %
Payback period, days

* The calculations presented in this section are of a conditional nature and provide only a general understanding of the profitability of this type of activity based on the expert opinion of the author of the material. To determine the exact amount of profitability, you need to do a feasibility study yourself, based on specific figures for your region and your planned business size.