There is a myth that only English experts can read books in the original. But today you will see that even a beginner can master literary work and understand its meaning (especially if these are adapted books in English for beginners). In addition, you can always click on an unfamiliar word and see its translation.

Why is it so important to read books at a beginner level?

• First, reading books guarantees a deeper immersion in the language than texts from textbooks.
• Secondly, this is a huge plus for self-esteem and motivation, which is very important for further language learning.
• And finally, this is one of the easiest and most interesting activities if the appropriate literature is selected.

That's why we found it for you the best adapted versions of foreign works(just follow the links). All books have been rewritten by professional linguists and significantly shortened: the average volume of a simplified version is approximately 10-20 pages, which is quite possible to read in one evening.

A story about the friendship of two smart mice from France and Great Britain, concerned about the fate of Shakespeare's cultural heritage. This book often uses direct speech, which means that in the future you will not have problems with spoken English.

by Mark Twain (beginner - 7 pages) It's hard to find someone who hasn't heard about the exciting adventures of Tom Sawyer. And reading about them in the original is even more fun. The vocabulary of the story is suitable even for those who “yesterday” started learning English.

by Sally M. Stockton (elementary - 6 pages) An ageless story about a brave archer who fights for justice. After reading the book, you can watch one of the many film adaptations.

by Andrew Mathews (elementary - 6 pages) A wonderful story about a teenage girl, Susie, living in the shadow of her more attractive friend Donna. Susie hates her freckles and thinks they make her look ugly. Find out how the story ends and whether Susie's attitude towards herself will change.

by John Escott (elementary - 8 pages) There was also room in our selection for a ghost story. The author has a very vivid narrative style, so it is difficult to tear yourself away from the story. This means you can easily master 8 pages in one go.

by Mark Twain (elementary - 9 pages) Another work by Mark Twain in our selection will delight you with the story of Huckleberry Finn. A great chance to remember your childhood. The adapted version of this children's book is a real find for a beginner!

More than ten pages - success! Simple books in English for beginners

by Peter Benchley (elementary - 12 pages) An adapted version of the famous “Jaws” - a novel about a great white shark attacking vacationers in a resort town (brrr, horror!). Long, common sentences may make the book difficult to read. elementary level, but we believe that 12 pages is not a problem for you.

Hercules Serpents Shadows by Timothy Boggs (elementary - 13 pages) If you like myths Ancient Greece and stories about exploits, then the story of Hercules is on our list especially for you. Get ready to expand your vocabulary with a couple dozen epic words.

by Lewis Carroll (elementary - 13 pages) A wonderful opportunity to once again find yourself in Wonderland and learn the names of the heroes in English. The book is read very quickly and easily - tested from my own experience in elementary school.

by Jack London (elementary - 15 pages) A heart-warming story about a dog's life during the Gold Rush. The book focuses on the relationship between humans and animals. In my opinion, this work is one of the best in our selection in terms of plot and writing style.

by Roger Lancelyn Green (elementary - 16 pages) A great opportunity to get acquainted with the exploits of King Arthur and the famous knights of the round table. Welcome to the English Middle Ages.

For those who are serious. Reading books in English for beginners

The second story by Arthur Conan Doyle, dedicated to the investigations of Sherlock Holmes. The simplified version of the work perfectly preserves the beauty of the narrative and the mystery of this detective story.

by Elizabeth Gaskell (pre-intermediate - 51 pages) The novel North and South describes the confrontation between factory owners and aristocrats during the Industrial Revolution in England. The book will appeal not only to fans of romantic classics performed by Jane Austen, but also to those who like historical works.

Books in English with translation for beginners

Having studied the Russian alphabet, we can easily read any texts. But to read correctly in English you will have to put in more effort, because there are many discrepancies between the spelling and pronunciation of words. If you decide to learn this language on your own and cannot understand how to read words in English correctly, then this material is exactly what you need. Today we will look at the nuances of pronunciation English letters and letter combinations, and find out how easy it is to learn to read English from scratch. A table that shows all the letters and their sounds will help you learn the rules of reading English for beginners.

First, let's get acquainted with the most important law of reading in English - the rule of open and closed syllables. There is no similar norm in the Russian language, so we will analyze in detail what it is. Please pay attention to the transcription.

An open syllable is a syllable that ends with a vowel sound. As a rule, it occurs in the following cases:

• The word ends in a vowel, so the last syllable is always open: t ake[take].*
• A vowel is followed by a consonant, followed by another vowel sound: ed uca tion [education].
• There are two vowels adjacent to the word: cr ue l [cruel].

*Final e in most cases it is considered “dumb”, that is, it is not pronounced, but appears at the heart of the word precisely to form an open syllable.

In open syllables, the vowel is always pronounced smoothly and drawn out. Accordingly, closed syllables are all those syllables in which the vowel sound is closed by a consonant and therefore sounds short and abrupt: c ut[cat].

Besides, special rules readings in English are characteristic of syllables in which the vowel sound ends with the letter r. The fact is that in the British version of the pronunciation of such syllables, the letter r is often completely omitted, i.e. not pronounced. Therefore, there are two options for reading such letter combinations:

1. In an open syllable, when r is surrounded by vowels, only both vowels are read: c are[keea]. In such cases, the last e will not be dumb.
2. In a closed syllable ( voice+r+acc.), r is also unreadable, but affects the sound of the vowel sound, making it longer: start [staat]

The rule of open and closed syllables is the basic law of reading in English, although there are many exceptions to it. But it’s too early to teach exceptions without knowing the main rules. Therefore, now we will look at the sound options of all letters and letter combinations.

Other English topics: Learning to read in English: learning on your own

Rules for reading English for beginners - letter and sound correspondence table

Even if you started learning English and reading it from scratch, you are probably already familiar with the spelling and sound of all the letters of the English alphabet. But, as we already learned from the previous section, when reading, the pronunciation of letters depends on the type of syllable or letter combination. Therefore, in the tables below you can find several sound options for the same letter. But don't be alarmed, there will be an accessible explanation for each case. So, let's continue to learn English for beginners and learn the rules of reading in English.

Consonants

Let's start with the easiest thing: with a table of consonants, the pronunciation of which is similar to the Russian sound.

Letter	Transcription	Russian pronunciation
B	[b]	b
D	[d]	d*
F	[f]	f
K	[k]	To
L	[l]	l
M	[m]	m
N	[n]	n
P	[p]	P
R	[r]	R
S	[s]	With
	[z]	z (only in special positions: after voiced consonants, between two vowels and in the suffix –ism.)
T	[t]	T*
V	[v]	V
W	[w]	V**
Z	[z]	h

*English d and t are pronounced with more aspiration than their Russian counterparts.

**w is pronounced with the lips extended into a tube, the result is something between the Russian sounds v and u.

Now let's look at more complex letters.

Letter	Transcription	Pronunciation and explanations
C	[s]	s (before vowels i, e, y)
	[k]	to (in other cases)
G		j (before vowels i, e, y)
	[g]	g (in other cases)
H	[h]	Very weakly pronounced Russian X (almost just a strong exhalation)
Q		kv
X		ks (before a consonant or at the end of a word)
		gz (between two vowels)
	[z]	z (at the beginning of a word before a vowel)

We will also study letter combinations of consonants in English.

Combination	Transcription	Pronunciation
ck	[k]	To
ch		h
tch
ng	[ŋ]	nasal n
ph	[f]	f
sh	[ʃ]	w
th	[θ]	1) sound intermediate between s and f (tongue between teeth) 2) the sound is average between z and v (tongue between teeth)
wr	[r]	R
wh	[w]	u/v x (only before o)
qu		kv

In addition, it is worth considering that the English language never allows consonants at the very end of a word to be deafened. Otherwise, you may say something completely different from what you wanted. For example: back [back] – behind, behind; bag [bag] – bag, sack.

Vowels

It is much more difficult to cope with reading English vowels, but the already familiar rules of open and closed syllables will help us understand it. We take them into service and learn to read the vowels of the English language correctly.

Closed syllable
Letter	Transcription	Pronunciation	Examples
A	[æ]	uh	bat, track, sad
E	[e]	uh	pet, red, check
I	[ɪ]	And	pit, fill, tin, system, myth, lynx
Y
O	[ɒ]	O	spot, not, cross
U	[ʌ]	A	spun, truck, butter

Do not forget that in a closed syllable all letters are pronounced briefly.

Open syllable
Letter	Transcription	Pronunciation	Examples
A		Hey	game, flame, lake
E		And	he, be, Pete
I		ah	mine, like, nine, cry, bye, type
Y
O	[əʊ]	OU	bone, tone, rose
U		Yu	pupil, music, cube

And the vowels of an open syllable are always smooth and drawn out.

Open syllable with r
Letter	Transcription	Pronunciation	Examples
A		ea	square
E	[ɪə]	ie	here
I		aye	tired
Y
O	[ɔː]	oo	more
U		Yue	cure

We remember that the letter r after a vowel, as a rule, is not pronounced.

Behindcovered syllable with r
Letter	Transcription	Pronunciation	Examples
A	[ɑː]	ahh	dark
O	[ɔː]	oo	sport
E	[ɜː]	e	pert, bird, myrtle, burn
I
Y
U

Now we know how to read vowels in English words. But for perfect reading in English, it is necessary to study one more point.

Diphthongs and triphthongs in English

An important aspect of English for beginners is diphthongs and triphthongs, i.e. combinations of two or three letters that have a special sound. Their pronunciation is called sliding, because. First, the main sound is pronounced intensively, and then it is smoothly transferred to the secondary sound. Diphthongs are a kind of exception and do not obey general grammatical laws, so they can only be learned by heart. The table below will help us learn the rules for reading English diphthongs for beginners.

English diphthongs
Combinations	Transcription	Pronunciation
air, ear, are		uh*
ye, igh, uy, ie		ah
ea, ey, ay, ai, ei		Hey
ere, eer, ier, ear	[ɪə]	IEE
oh, oh	[ɔɪ]	Ouch
ou, ow		awww
ou, ow, oa, ol	[əu]	oooh
ure, ue, our, oor		wow
English triphthongs
ower, our		aaue
eur, ure		Yuyue
iet, ire, ier, iar, yre		aaye

*doubling the letter indicates the length of the first sound in relation to the second.

So, we have looked at the main nuances of reading in English. Treat the stated rules responsibly: conduct reading lessons more often and be sure to learn to distinguish between types of syllables in English. Otherwise, you will make gross mistakes in pronunciation, which will lead to a complete misunderstanding of your words by the interlocutor. Good luck in learning English and see you again!

This cycle No. 3 "Texts in English for Beginners" created for practicing reading English words and is included in the section. It is recommended to start it after completing the following courses:

• Cycle No. 1 —
• Cycle No. 2 —

Texts in English for beginners with audio recording

Text. London Parks

St. James's Park is a charming park. It has got a lake. Alexander Park has got tall trees, rare flowers and animals. Hyde Park is a famous park in London. Marble Arch is the gateway to the park. Hyde Park is a popular place for walking. Visit the amazing Queen Mary's Gardens in Regent's Park. See rare and charming flowers. Visit the Rose Gardens and the lake. Go to London Zoo. It is also the Park.

Vocabulary for the text

1. park - park
2. place - place
3. lake – lake
4. trees – trees (plural)
5. flowers – flowers (plural)
6. animals – animals (plural)
7. famous - famous
8. popular - popular
9. see – to see
10. visit – to visit
11. go – go

Additionally:
12. charming - charming
13. rare – rare
14. Marble Arch – Marble arch
15. gateway – entrance to the park
16. walking - walking
17. amazing – amazing

Text. The Telephone

Without the telephone people had to meet to speak. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in eighteen seventy seven (1877). Now people have telephones and they don’t need to meet every time they want to speak. Alexander’s father was a speech teacher. Alexander was a teacher as well. He taught the deaf.

Listen to the text:

FOR REFERENCE: Alexander Graham Bell, a scientist and inventor of Scottish origin, invented the telephone.

Vocabulary for the text

First level words for beginners:

1. telephone – telephone
2. people - people
3. meet – meet
4. speak - speak
5. now – now, now
6. want - want
7. father - father
8. teacher - teacher

Additionally:

9. without - without
10. had to – had to
11. invent – ​​to invent
12. need – need
13. every time – every time
14. speech teacher – teacher of rhetoric
15. as well – also
16. taught – taught (past tense)
17. deaf – deaf

Text. Seasons

In spring it’s not hot and it’s not cold. We go boating and cycling. A lot of frogs live in ponds in spring.

In summer days are hot. Grown-ups grow roses in the gardens. We go on picnics. We roast hot dogs and potatoes.

In autumn days are not hot. It is often foggy. People collect apples and make jam.

In winter days are cold and frosty. We use hot water bottles in our bedrooms. We watch TV and drink cocoa ([‘kəukəu]) or coffee with roasted toasts.

Listen to the text:

Vocabulary for the text

First level words for beginners:
1. spring - spring
2. summer - summer
3. autumn – autumn
4. winter – winter
5. frogs – frogs (plural)
6. roses – roses (plural)
7. gardens – gardens (plural)
8. hot dogs – hot dogs (plural)
9. potatoes – potatoes
10. days – days (plural)
11. people - people
12. apples – apples (plural)
13. jam - jam
14. bedrooms – bedrooms (plural)
15. cocoa - cocoa
16. coffee - coffee
17. hot - hot
18. cold – cold
19. often – often
20. live - live
21. watch TV - watch TV
22. drink – drink

Additionally:

23. a lot - a lot
24. ponds – ponds (plural)
25. grown-ups – adults (plural)
26. hot water bottles - hot water bottles
27. roasted toasts – toasts (plural)
28. go boating – go boating
29. go cycling – ride a bike
30. collect – collect
31. grow - grow
32. roast – fry
33. make – do
34. use – use
35. frosty – frosty
36. It’s (not) hot. It's (not) cold. - (Not) hot. (Not cold.
37. It is foggy. - Foggy.

Dialogue. Ball games

Almost all ball games are for tall.
- Not at all. Not all of them. I am not tall at all, but I play basketball better than all of them.
Listen to the text:

Vocabulary for dialogue

First level words for beginners:
1. all – everything
2. ball – ball
3. games – games (plural)
4. tall - tall
5. play - play
6. basketball - basketball

Additionally:

7. almost – almost
8. at all - completely
9. for - for

Expressions to remember:

10. ball games – ball games
11. Not at all. - Not at all.
12. better than – better than

Phrases for reading the letters I and Y

1. The little inn is in this village. - This small hotel in this village. (short sound [i])
2. This is a silly film. - It's a stupid movie. (short sound [i])
3. It isn’t easy to please Lizzy. - It's not easy to please Lisa. (sounds [i] - )
4. Silly sheep weep and sleep. - Stupid sheep bleat and sleep. (sounds [i] - )
5. Mr Vernon is an interpreter. His version of German verses is perfect. - Mr. Vernon is a translator. His version of the translation of poetry from German is excellent. (sound [ə:])
6. Thirteen girls came to Shirley’s thirteenth birthday. Shirley was in white skirt. The girls came to Shirleys birthday at one thirty. Happy birthday to you dear Shirley, happy birthday to you. (sound [ə:])

Listen to the text:

Phrases for reading the letter U

1. Sue, you are a student, but you behave like a pupil. “Sue, you’re a student, but you act like one.”
2. If I were you I would surely dye the hair blue. – If I were you, I would, of course, dye my hair blue.
3. If you don’t burn excess fat now, it’ll turn into a huge problem. - If you don't reset excess weight now, this will become a huge problem for you.
4. Let us leave them alone to cure their wounds. “Let’s let them heal their wounds themselves.”

Listen to the text:

The rules of reading in English are extensive and complex, because... There is a huge discrepancy between letters and sounds: there are 26 letters and 44 sounds, so different letters in different positions produce different sounds, which in English are conveyed by conventions called transcription marks. In this post, to make it easier to learn the rules of reading, we denote them partially in Russian letters.

4 Basic Types of Vowel Reading

First, let's learn the 4 main types of reading vowels E, A, Y, U, O, I in stressed syllables in English

Google shortcode

I reading type - open syllable ( a syllable ending in a vowel is considered open, even if it is not pronounced)

Pay attention to the first row of the table. The words same, note, he, fine, my, cube, like all words of this category, end in a silent vowel, and the reading of the vowels in the root of the word coincides with the name of the letters according to the alphabet. Thus, words with silent vowels at the end, i.e. words of type 1 reading same, note, he, fine, my, cube, will sound like “seim, note, hee, fine, may, cube”

Let's consolidate the reading of vowels in a stressed syllable with the following exercise:

Note, lone, mice, rice, type, tune, shy, lay, say, he, hay, name, same, nine, nice, game, came, make, Kate, Pete, five, tie, life, eve, me, size, no, cope, smoke, rose, nose, spine, sly, cry, vine, maze, home, tube, made, fume, cube, pace, lace, sky, hale, spine.

II reading type – closed syllable (a syllable ending in a consonant is considered closed). This is the second row in the table. Pay attention to the words rat, hot, red, bit, myth, run, which do not have a silent vowel at the end. These words sound like "rat, hot, ed, beat, miss, ran."

Cap, pen, bed, ten, not, spot, lot, bad, rat, sit, send, test, pit, in, send, spell, tin, less, ban, mad, fat, Sam, land, did, fit, sat, pet, tin, slip, sad, glad, bag, jam, gap, lag, can, kin, Jim, Jack, yes, ink, cup, run, cod, spin, not, doll, hop, hot, bank, rank, spin, up, us, bus, bun, cut, fun, vet, well, but, nut.

III type of reading – vowel + letter “r” , which affects the sound of the vowel at the root of the word, giving it some prolongation. So the words car, sort, term, fir, Byrd, fur sound like “ka: so:t, te:m, fe: be:d, fe:”.

stern , Far, curt, hard, hart, car, card, cart, fork, cork, work, sort, term, first, Byrd, furs, curl, her, curb, turn, girl, sir, burn, turn, word, born, torn, bird, form, serf, herb.

IVreading type – vowel + letter “r” + vowel. The letter “r” is also unreadable in this case; all three vowels together sound like this: care, store, mere, tire, cure - “kea, hundred:, mie, taie, kue.”

Fare, here, pure, rare, cure, during, mare, fire, bare, mire, stare, tire, sere, mere, store, core, more, care.

In English classes, students groan: “Why are the rules of reading in English so confusing?”

One reason is that English . Sometimes they kept their spelling, sometimes they changed it to suit themselves. In good old England, words were often spelled the way they were read, so one word could be spelled in many different ways. Take Shakespeare's manuscripts, for example - all this chaos is there in full view.

Eventually, the spelling of words was standardized and recorded in dictionaries, but... As you learn English, you will notice that a word is often read completely differently from how it is spelled. And usually there are historical reasons for this.

There are also good news. Although many English words written, it would seem, “as God wishes,” there are a number of rules here. But be careful, because for every rule there is an exception.

English has more than 1,100 ways of writing 44 individual sounds, more than any other language. But let studying be a game for you, not a duty.

Learn with our tips!

1. Write down words that you have problems with in a notebook. Underline the part of the word that is most difficult for you.
2. Use a dictionary, not spell check! Unfortunately, you can't always trust her.
3. Learn words with all kinds of prefixes and suffixes, for example: biography - auto biography, child hood and so on.
4. Learn the rules, but don't rely on them. We have already said: every rule has its exception. We'll talk about this below.

“i” is written before “e” (exception is after “c”)

One of the first reading rules taught in English classes. The rule works for words that have a long “ee”, as in shield(shield).

Examples: piece (part), niece (niece), priest (priest), thief (thief).

But after “c”: conceive (comprehend, plan), receive (receive), receipt (receipt; not to be confused with recipe).

For words in which the sound “a” or “i” is pronounced, the opposite is true:

“a”: eight (eight), neighbor (neighbor), reign (reign), weight (weight)

“i”: either, height, feisty, sleight

Exceptions: seize (grab), weird (strange), conscience (conscience, consciousness), efficient (effective), etc.

silent letters

The English language is full of unpronounceable letters. The question arises: why do the English insert letters into words and then simply not pronounce them?..

The silent witness, or What is the unpronounceable letter

Unpronounceable letter ( silent letter) is a letter that should appear in a word, even if we don’t read it. More than half of the letters of the alphabet can act as unpronounceable letters. They can be at the beginning of a word, at the end or in the middle - you won’t even realize from the sound of the word that they are there.

Examples of unpronounceable letters:
a— thread(a thread), bread(bread), thread(step)
​b — lamb(lamb), bomb(bomb), womb(womb)
c— scissors(scissors), science(the science), scent(aroma)
d— edge(edge), bridge(bridge), badge(icon)
e - see below
h - honor(honor), honest(honest), school(school)
k — knot(node), knight(knight), knowledge(knowledge)
l — talk(speak), psalm(psalm), balm(balm)
n — hymn(hymn), autumn(autumn), column(column, column)
p— pneumatic(pneumatic), psalm(psalm), psychology(psychology)
s— isle, island(island), aisle(passage, e.g. in an airplane cabin)
t— listen(listen), rustle(rustle) whistle(whistle)
u — biscuit(cookies; not biscuits!), guess(a guess), guitar(guitar)
w— write(write), wrong(wrong), wrist(wrist)

Unpronounceable “e”

The unpronounceable “e” is the most common unpronounceable letter. There are several strict rules for writing words that end in an unpronounceable “e”.

When you add a suffix to such a word and that suffix begins with a consonant, the stem of the word does not need to be changed.

force (strength) + ful = forceful (strong)

manage (manage) + ment = management (management)

sincere (sincere) + ly = sincerely (sincerely)

If the suffix begins with a vowel or with “y”, then the “e” before the suffix must be omitted.

fame + ous = famous

nerve + ous = nervous

believable (plausible) + y = believable (plausible)

criticise (criticize) + ism = criticism (criticism)

Exceptions: mileage (distance in miles), agreeable.

Prefixes and suffixes

When you add a prefix to a word, you usually don't need to change the base of the word.

anti + septic = antiseptic (antiseptic)

auto + biography = autobiography (autobiography)

de + mobilize = demobilize (demobilize)

dis + approve = disapprove (disapprove)

im + possible = impossible (impossible)

inter + national = international (international)

mega + byte = megabyte (megabyte)

mis + fortune = misfortune (failure)

micro + chip = microchip (microchip)

re + used = reused (recycled)

un + available = unavailable

When you add a suffix to a word, it often changes the base of the word. Below are a few rules. As always, there are exceptions, so if you're not sure how to spell a word, consult a dictionary.

Words ending in a consonant

If the suffix starts with a consonant, just add it to the stem, don't change anything.

Example: treat (treat; treat) + ment = treatment (treatment; attitude).

Doubling a consonant

For most words with a short vowel sound that end in a single consonant, that consonant doubles when you add a suffix that starts with a vowel (ing, er, ed, est).

mop (to wash) + ing = mopping (to wash)

big (large) + est = biggest (largest)

hot (hot) + er = hotter (hotter)

For words that end with an “l” after a vowel, this “l” is doubled.

model + ing = modeling

travel (to travel) + er = traveler (traveler)

Exceptions

For some words ending in “r”, “x”, “w”, “y”, the doubling rule does not apply.

fear (to be afraid) + ing = fearing (fear, afraid, fearful)

box (to box, not box!) + er = boxer (boxer)

know (know) + ing = knowing (knowledge, knowing, knowing)

play (play) + ing = playing (game, playing, playing)

And if a word has two consonants at the end or more than one vowel, the consonant is also not doubled.

maintain (maintain) + ing (two vowels a + i) = maintaining (maintenance)

keep (keep) + er (two vowels e + e) ​​= keeper (keeper; owner)

hang (hang) + er (two consonants n + g) = hanger (hook)

Word endings

Words ending in “ce” and “ge”

When you add a suffix starting with “a” or “o,” the “e” remains.

manage (perform) + able = manageable (doable)

notice (notice) + able = noticeable (noticeable)

courage (courage) + ous = courageous (courageous)

Exception: prestige (prestige) + ous = prestigious (prestigious)

Words ending with “ie”

When you add “ing” to verbs that end in “ie,” the “e” is dropped and the “i” changes to “y.”

die (die) - dying (dying, dying, dying)

lie (lie) – lying (lying, lying, lying)

tie (to tie) - tying (tying, tying, tying)

Words ending in “y” after a consonant

When you add suffixes such as “as”, “ed”, “es”, “er”, “eth”, “ly”, “ness”, “ful” and “ous” to a word ending in “y” ” after the consonant, “y” changes to “i” before the suffix.

eighty (eighty) + eth = eightieth (eightieth)

duty (duty) + es = duties (responsibilities)

lazy (lazy) + ness = laziness (laziness)

mystery (mystery) + ous = mysterious (mysterious)

beauty (beauty) + ful = beautiful (beautiful)

multiply (multiply) + ed = multiplied (multiplied)

cozy (cozy) + ly = cozy (cozy)

Words ending in “y” after a vowel

“y” is preserved before suffixes such as “er,” “ing,” or “ed.”

destroy (destroy) - destroying - destroyed

buy (buy) - buying - buyer

play (play) - playing - player

You may be confused by some of the discrepancies in spelling and reading rules that are caused by . It's not that this option is better and that option is worse, you just need to stop at one, learn it and stick with it. Try not to mix one with the other.

The rules of reading and writing are like a weather forecast: we can rely on them, but we cannot count on them to help us out every time. Therefore, it is very important to read more in English so that the sound of words and their style merge into a single image.

21768

In contact with