home Diagnosis and diseases The matrix of the universe is the sacred basis of the internal layout of Catholic cathedrals. Easter service in the Catholic Church Photos of the Catholic Church

The matrix of the universe is the sacred basis of the internal layout of Catholic cathedrals. Easter service in the Catholic Church Photos of the Catholic Church

Many tourists arriving from Europe and America are interested in the question of which Catholic churches in Moscow can be visited and where they are located. One of the oldest and most frequently visited Catholic churches in the capital of Russia is the Church of St. Louis of France. But, of course, there are other churches in Moscow that belong to the Western direction of Christianity. We'll talk about which ones further.

Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary

The Church of St. Louis is located on Malaya Lubyanka Street, building 12.

Activities of the Temple of Louis

This Catholic church in Moscow has become a haven for several parishes and communities. In addition, make church rituals tourists who come to the capital with their priest are also allowed. Services in this temple are held on different languages- English, French, Italian, Russian, Lithuanian, Polish, etc.

The parish is active in charitable activities. For example, it helps African students who come to study in Moscow. A help center for those in need has been opened at the temple. People in difficult situations life situations, can come here for warm clothes or food.

Catholic Church of Equal-to-the-Apostles Princess Olga

This is a new temple, consecrated recently. The decision to open it, since there were no longer enough existing Catholic churches, was made in 2000. In 2003, the parish was allocated the old building of the House of Culture. At the moment this is active temple. Within its walls, among other things, there is an Alcoholics Anonymous club and charity events are held. The current rector of the temple is Peljak Dariusz Stanislaw. The Church of the Equal to the Apostles is located at Kirov proezd, building 6.

St. Andrew's Church

This Catholic church in Moscow has been operating since 1814. The building in which services are held today was rebuilt in 1882-1884. The project was compiled by the English architect R. K. Freeman. After the revolution, in 1920, this church was closed. At the moment it has been returned to the believers. St. Andrew can be visited at the address: Voznesensky Lane, building 8.

Peter and Paul Lutheran Church

This Evangelical Lutheran church in Moscow was built in 1664. It was originally built from wood. The land for it was acquired by the artist Peter Inglis and General Bauman. In 1667, a larger temple, but also wooden, was erected in its place. At the same time, a pastor's house and a school were attached to it. However, the land came into the official possession of the Catholic community only in 1670. In 1685, the Church of Saints Peter and Paul was illuminated.

This wooden Catholic church in Moscow burned three times and was finally destroyed in 1812. At that time, the community had to move to a temporarily built prayer house.

In 1817, the Catholic community of Moscow bought the Lopukhins’ estate, located near the German Settlement. The house was rebuilt into a church at the expense of the King of Prussia. In addition, the Russian emperor also lent money for the construction of the church. The new church was illuminated in 1819. In the mid-19th century it was slightly expanded.

The building in which the parish operates today was built in 1903-1913. The author of the project was the English architect W. F. Walcott. The church was built by the Russian architect V. A. Kossov.

In 1924, this temple became the main Lutheran cathedral in the country. However, persecution of the church soon begins, and the activities of this parish are prohibited, and the building itself is transferred to secular institutions. At the same time, as in the case of the Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, the spire was demolished. The church was handed over to believers again in 1988. Divine services in the temple are conducted in Russian and German. The address of this church is Starosadsky Lane, building 7. A photo of the Church of Peter and Paul is located below.

Concerts in the Church of Peter and Paul

The first organ was purchased by this church back in 1892 in Germany. For a long time it was the best concert instrument in the capital. However, during the Second World War, in 1941, this organ was taken to Novosibirsk and disappeared. There is information that it was partially sold for scrap metal, and partially used as decoration.

In 1996, another organ was donated to the community. Not long before this, the old Lutheran church in Moscow in the German settlement was destroyed, and they decided to transfer the instrument specifically to the Church of Peter and Paul. Thanks to this organ, the church is currently not only a religious building, but also one of the cultural centers of the capital. The acoustics in the hall of this church are simply wonderful, so quite secular concerts are often held here.

Chapel of the Spanish-Portuguese Catholic Community

Catholic tourists can visit not only churches and in the capital there is also a chapel belonging to the community of this Christian denomination. It is located near the Cathedral. The members of the community are mainly students from Africa and Latin America. The chapel was opened in the 90s. Services are held there regularly. The community also organizes holiday meetings, fundraising, clothing and food for the needy, out-of-town meetings for Muscovites, etc. Its members take an active part in the lives of foreign students, support single mothers, etc. Services here are held in Portuguese and Spanish. The chapel is located at Volkov Lane, 7/9, building 2, apt. eleven.

German Community Chapel

This church is run by the German Embassy in Moscow. It is located on Vernadsky Avenue, in an ordinary apartment. Sometimes services are held here, sometimes in the large hall of the embassy itself. Liturgies are held once a week. Like all other Catholic communities, the German one is involved in charity work. The chapel also has a library of religious literature.

Chapel on Kutuzovsky

In 1982, the Catholic chapel, previously located on Sadovaya Samotechnaya in the territory of the diplomatic building, was moved to Kutuzov Avenue, in an ordinary apartment. There is no permanent priest there. Services are conducted by chaplains of specific communities.

The Catholic churches of Moscow (you can see photos of some above on the page) experienced both prosperity and difficult times. Today, as before, they welcome believers and are major centers of charitable activities. People who find themselves in difficult life situations can come here and get help.

The location of the main Catholic churches in Moscow on a map of Moscow can be seen below.

It is around them that the life of the Catholic communities of the capital is mainly concentrated.

Cologne Cathedral

This cathedral is not only one of the most famous Catholic shrines in Germany, but also business card cities for many centuries. From 1880, when the spiers were completed, until 1884, the church was the tallest building in the world. Although she lost the title of the most tall building Washington Monument, but still remains the most high church, built in the Gothic style.

They began building the shrine on the site of a former Roman temple in the 13th century and completed it 600 years later. The cathedral was built in honor of the Virgin Mary and the Apostle Peter. The largest shrine is kept here Western Europe- sarcophagus with the relics of the Magi. A gilded sarcophagus was transported from Milan.

Aachen Cathedral

Oldest in Northern Europe The cathedral is also called the Cathedral of the Empire. Its construction began back in 786 by an architect named Charlemagne. When the architect died in 814, his remains were buried on the territory of the cathedral in his own chapel. You can still look at the sarcophagus of the great architect. By the way, he owns the most important part of the cathedral’s composition - the Palace Chapel. Now it seems tiny compared to the later completed elements of the church. In general, the architecture of the cathedral reveals classical Byzantine and German-Franciscan styles. 30 emperors of the Roman Empire were crowned within its walls, and the cathedral itself took about 600 years to build.

Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary

The shrine, built in the United States immediately after the adoption of the Constitution, was at that time the most majestic temple in all North America. The building was built by Benjamin Henry Latrobe from 1804 to 1821. This architect is famous for his work on the Capitol.

Basilica of the Shrine of the Immaculate Conception

The basilica is dedicated to the Holy Virgin Mary, patroness of the United States; The cathedral is the largest temple in all of West Hampshire, as the United States of America has no official religion, but the basilica has become an unofficial national temple.

Construction of the church began in 1921, and the basilica was opened in 1959. It was built in romanesque style, there are many chapels decorated with mosaics. It is also home to one of the largest mosaics in the world - its size is 3600 m². It shows Christ as Pankrator - a traditional image for the Eastern Christian world.

St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York

The cathedral was built in the Gothic style in the heart of the metropolis. About 3 million people visit it annually. The church is lavishly decorated with beautiful stained glass windows that were created in France, England and the USA. The real pearl of the cathedral is the work of Charles Connick - a stained glass window called “Window of Roses”. About 2,200 people can listen to organ music at the same time - that’s how much the cathedral is designed for. By the way, there are as many as three facets here.

Westminster Cathedral(Cathedral Church of Westminster)

Westminster Cathedral is located in London. Dedicated to the Most Holy Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ. The cathedral was built in the early Eastern Christian Byzantine style by the architect John Francis Bentley. The first stone for construction was laid in 1895, and 8 years later the church was opened.

Cathedral Mother of God, Paris (Notre Dame, Paris)

The famous cathedral began to be built in the heart of Paris in 1163, but it was completed only in 1345. At the same time, the interior, made in the Gothic style, was changed.

The cathedral consists of several chapels that were built in different years 12-13th century It was in Notre-Dame de Paris that outstanding liturgical masses reigned: the mass in honor of the liberation of France (1944), the mass in honor of Charles de Gaulle (1970), the mass of Pope John Paul II (1980).

Saint Francis Seraph Church

The church was erected in honor of the founder of the Franciscan Order, Francis Seraphim. Located in Philadelphia and is the main church of the Catholic diocese in the area.

Saint Bavo Cathedral

Saint Bavo is from Belgium. According to legend, he was once a duke and had a wife and daughter. However, after the death of his wife, he decided not to marry again and devote himself to serving God. Nowadays the church built in his honor is the largest Catholic parish in the area. In addition to divine services, here you can listen to organ music and attend concerts of famous musicians.

Basilica of the Holy Virgin Mary, Covington, Kentucky (St. Mary's Basilica, Covington, Kentucky)

And this Basilica is famous for the largest stained glass window in the world - 61 meters long and 22 meters wide. The stained glass window depicts Ecumenical Council 5 tbsp. in Ephesus, during which the Virgin Mary was proclaimed the Mother of God. The location of the shrine is Covington, USA.

St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican (St. Peter's Basilica)

It is impossible not to remember this perhaps the greatest shrine of the Catholic world. It is believed that it began to be built by order of Emperor Constantine in 342 AD, and in the 15th century it was decided to make some changes to the design and interior of the basilica. Reconstruction began under Pope Julius II in 1504 and ended under Pope Paul V in 1615. Many outstanding craftsmen worked on the decoration. Let us recall at least the vaults of the basilica, painted by Michelangelo himself. After his death, the work was completed by the master's student Giacomo della Porta.

Spiritual and personal. One should not interrupt the prayer or silent contemplation of believers; one should wait until they finish. Actually, this limits the basic rules of conduct in Catholic temple. Head Catholic church is the Pope. Appeals to persons of clergy: * to the Pope - Your Holiness; * to the cardinal and archbishop - Your Eminence; * to the bishop - Your Eminence...

https://www.site/religion/11494

In Bethlehem, they are carried throughout Europe in special lamps. The action is carried out by European scouts and is a kind of relay race - when the Bethlehem flame is passed from hand to hand, from Catholic temple- to the Orthodox, from the scout headquarters to the home lamps of believers. Several years ago, fire began to be delivered to the USA and South Africa. For the first time, the "Bethlehem Fire" campaign...

https://www.site/journal/14078

Many secular mass organizations are affiliated - political parties, trade unions, youth, women's and other associations. Catholic The Church has its own press, cinema, television and radio broadcasting, has a network educational institutions. By... reached 174; - the number of Catholics in the world increased by 16 million - from 1.022 to almost 1.038 billion people. At the same time, the specific gravity Catholic The world's population - 17.4% - remained the same. Half of all Catholics lived in America, 27% in Europe, 12% in Africa, ...

https://www.site/religion/11765

Varda achieved the expulsion of Ignatius on charges of treason, and elevated him to the patriarchal throne. Photia(December 25, 858). So the recent official and scientist found himself unwittingly involved in the fierce struggle of the church... and to numerous supporters of Ignatius in Byzantium he immediately returned the disgraced Patriarch to Constantinople and restored him to the throne; Photius, according to some chronicles, who denounced the usurper, was deposed (September 25), exiled...

The other day I wanted to refresh my memory of my Christmas trip to Europe, with the help of my old notes and photographs, to once again walk along the streets of Vilnius, Warsaw, Krakow, Lvov. We had the pleasure of seeing these cities at the most magical time of the year, under New Year's snowfall and Christmas festivities. Now, on a fine autumn day, it seems so far away, but only a little more than six months have passed, it’s a shame that a lot is forgotten, but I’ve visited such beautiful and historically rich cities, it’s a terribly sorry when the emotions, impressions and acquired knowledge about these places are erased from memory.

The purpose, a winter trip, was both leisure and educational in nature. The plans included visiting the Old Towns, which, as is known, are the concentration of architectural monuments and cultural heritage. Having thus connected the long-standing desire to clarify for ourselves questions about characteristic features and signs of various architectural styles, as well as formulate the basic principles of medieval urban planning, with the opportunity to see all this with my own eyes, found information on the objects, and went to figure it out, as they say, on the spot.

My guide to Christmas Europe was ren_ar , it is his wonderful photographs that now help me remember the route and revive the emotions of what I saw. And it all started in Vilnius...

Having passed through the gate into the old town, the first thing they noticed was the Church of St. Teresa, and they headed towards it.

A parish Roman Catholic church, the first mention of which dates back to 1627. The temple is made in the early Baroque style, some of the details of the facade indicate this, for example, sculptures in the recesses of the walls, currencies (swirls, spirals) in the corners of the sinuous forms, pilasters (vertical projection of the wall imitating a column), etc. Determining the style of the building turned out to be not an easy task, especially if in front of you is a building that has been formed over the centuries. As a rule, it is multi-style, due to multiple restorations and reconstructions. When identifying a style, joy is added by the same techniques used in different architectural styles. For example, here, I would also note the presence of notes of classicism.

Analyzing the figurative perception of the church, and indeed any religious building, I came to the conclusion that in order to get a more or less complete picture, it is necessary to be aware of the canonical structure of the church or cathedral, have an idea of the artistic frame, and also remember its main function, worship .

As for the Church of St. Teresa, then I’ll probably pay attention to the first point, the second can be assessed by looking at the photographs, and we’ll watch the ceremony in another church.

Discussions about proportionality, proportions, metro-rhythmic patterns, etc... let's blame it on the Masons. I want to dwell on the structure of the church itself. Catholic churches are most often built in the form of a basilica, or as domed churches in the form of a Latin cross at the base.

The Church of St. Teresa has the appearance of a basilica and is a rectangular structure consisting of three naves; these rooms can be separated from each other by columns or pillars. The cross, in the plan of the temple, symbolizes the atoning sacrifice of Christ. Side naves often serve as places for chapels with independent altars. When constructing an altar, the relics of some saint are always placed at the base of the foundation. In a Catholic church, the altar faces west, which is where, according to teaching, catholic church the capital is located Universal Christianity, Rome

And since I have so regulated the points on which I conduct the analysis, separately, as an exception, it is worth mentioning the subject that combines the rite of worship, the very structure of the temple and its artistic design. This is of course an organ. Everyone knows that, firstly, it is used during mass, secondly, a special place is allocated for it on the balcony opposite the altar, acoustically the building must also be properly designed so as not to muffle its majestic sounds, and thirdly, how accomplished! The organ can definitely be called the pearl of the church.

The next thing that struck my imagination was the ensemble of Vilnius University. Now, when I turn off today and try to get into yesterday, the image of this grandiose structure evokes in me associations with Castalia, the province about which Hermann Hesse wrote in his brilliant novel, where the highest human virtues were reason and scientific knowledge.

An amazing feeling of spiritual inspiration and thirst for knowledge is evoked by a walk through the quiet and cozy courtyards of the university, empty due to the holidays. But that’s okay, the imagination happily complements the picture with the presence here of flocks of puzzled students, sedate teachers in red robes, from the sixteenth century, by the way, this is the time that is considered the moment of the formation of the university.

Now this Castalia consists of 13 courtyards, the Church of St. John and the bell tower. The formation of the complex took place over the centuries, the academy bought more and more buildings from the bishopric, which were given as apartments to professors and students of the university, and it all began with the Great Courtyard, where the church, bell tower and southern building are located.

Adjacent to the Great Courtyard is the courtyard of the Observatory; in ancient times, medicinal plants were grown there; in one of the buildings there was a pharmacy and an archive of the Educational Commission ( governing body educational system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), and of course, the building of the astronomical observatory, on the frieze of which is engraved the inscription in Latin: “Courage gives the old sky new light,” with the signs of the zodiac.

Particular attention should be paid to the Church of St. John, it is this church that arouses my greater interest compared to other religious buildings, because the history of its formation is connected not only with religion, but also with the scientific and educational life of the city, and the state as a whole. In addition to the traditional fires, destruction, and misuse, the church passed from one owner to another. Initially it belonged to the government, which, apparently out of little desire to carry out restoration after the fire of 1530, transferred the church into the possession of the Jesuits, and since these guys were businessmen, they carried out a major reconstruction and expansion of the temple, erected a bell tower, built chapels, crypts, utility rooms. Meetings of kings and holidays took place here monastic order, disputes and defenses scientific works Over the years, in addition to the frescoes, a huge layer of intellect of many generations has been layered on the walls of the temple, and this is undoubtedly felt. After the abolition of the Jesuit order in 1773, the church came into the possession of the Vilnius University. In 1826-1829 the last large-scale reconstruction and alteration of the church was carried out. Subsequently, it also moved from one academy to another, and during the Soviet period it was used as a paper warehouse for a communist newspaper. Now it has been returned to the Catholic Church and is used as a non-parish church of the Vilnius deanery, run by the Jesuit fathers. I am glad that the tradition of holding a solemn initiation into students and presenting diplomas has been preserved here.

The main façade of the church faces the Great University Courtyard. The exterior acquired its modern Baroque features during the restoration by the architect Johann Glaubitz, after a fire in 1737. The interior decoration also underwent many reconstructions, but despite this, the solemn Gothic style with hints of Baroque in the altar section was preserved.

The altar complex is an ensemble of ten altars on different levels, in different planes. The main altar is built between two massive columns, next to which are sculptures of John Chrysostom, Pope Gregory the Great, St. Anselm and St. Augustine.

Usually interior decoration The churches are decorated with paintings and sculptures. On the walls, in the form of reliefs, paintings or frescoes, the way of the cross of Jesus to Golgotha is depicted. These are the 14 stages of the Way of the Cross. Here the frescoes were painted over during reconstruction in 1820.

One of distinctive features Gothic cathedrals have stained glass windows. In the Church of St. John they were created in 1898 and practically destroyed in 1948. They were restored already in the 60s. As a rule, religious and everyday scenes are depicted on stained glass windows. Due to them, the intensity of light in the room is constantly changing, playing with the imagination. It is stained glass that creates a special emotional atmosphere in the temple, a fantastic feeling of belonging to the unearthly.

Also, every Catholic church has special booths for confession. Their windows are usually covered with bars and curtains to ensure the anonymity of repentance. The artistic embodiment of the confessional can put them on a par with works of art.

And the picture, albeit a somewhat amateurish analysis of the artistic frame of the church, would not be complete if I did not mention the organ, the choral preludes of which can bring anyone closer to God.

It was just time to attend Catholic Mass. Moreover, we, already running through the evening streets of old Vilnius, quite by chance entered the Church of the Holy Spirit, where at the entrance there is such a wonderful fresco, its cheerful inhabitant, as if inviting us to attend the evening service:
- ABOUT! They were just waiting for you, they couldn’t start, go ahead, go through...

Catholic mass corresponds Divine Liturgy Orthodox Church. The whole action begins with the exit of the priest, to the sounds of the introit (entrance chant). The forms of Catholic worship have been formed over many centuries, under the influence of various factors. The formation of theological Catholic dogma survived the struggle against heresies, for every self-respecting heretic was confident in the truth of the formulations of his worship. As a result of attempts to unify worship, Catholics came to a more stable composition of the Mass than the Orthodox liturgy. The Mass takes place before the altar, its first part is called the liturgy of the word, it is analogous to the ancient liturgy of the catechumens, that is, members of the community who have not yet been baptized. During the liturgy the words are read Holy Bible and the sermon is preached. Before the Liturgy of the Word, a rite of repentance is performed. On Sundays and holidays“Gloria” is sung or two doxologies are pronounced, the large “Glory to God in heaven, and on earth peace to all people of good will” and the small “Glory to the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit”, the Creed is read and sung. The second part of the Mass is the Liturgy of the Faithful, which consists of the Eucharistic Canon, Communion and the Closing Rites. Communion is the main part of the Mass; it is at this moment, according to the teachings of the Church, that the transubstantiation of bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Christ occurs. If we continue to talk about the external manifestations of worship among Catholics, it is worth noting that they conduct services in Latin or in the national language in compliance with all canonical requirements. The Catholic Mass is characterized by kneeling and raising the hands and eyes to heaven, and Catholics also cross themselves with five fingers, first on the left and then on the right shoulder, since in Catholicism the five fingers are performed in the name of the five plagues of Christ.

During the entire period of travel, we were able to attend many morning and evening masses. And what’s surprising is that we never saw the church empty at that time. The Catholic Mass can rightfully be considered not only a ritual action, but also a mystical one. You experience such an amazing feeling of spirituality and unity with absolutely strangers, which never happens to me at MUP Orthodox churches, yes, in fact, there is no desire to have anything in common with our church.

This year both Catholics and Orthodox Christians celebrated Easter.
one day.

America, being a multinational and therefore multi-religious country,
does not observe any one specific tradition of celebrating Easter, but
Attending Easter church services is mandatory in the United States.

I already said once that Orthodox churches not in our area, but since
husband is Lutheran and grew up in a religiously observant family traditions, holidays
we usually attend a Lutheran church. This time he agreed to go with me
for a festive service in the Catholic Church.

I have long wanted to see how the festive service on Easter is held.
from local Catholics.

Catholics in the United States make up a significant part of the population and Catholic churches
there are in every city, but I wanted to visit this church.

Wausau's oldest church was built in 1893 and is one of the
of the finest examples of American Gothic Revival architecture in Wisconsin.
Its full name is the Roman Catholic Church of St. Mary.

We arrived a little early so that we could take a leisurely look around before the service started, and also
I needed to ask permission to film. Permission was obtained without any problems,
however, I didn’t expect anything else, so I could take photos and videos not “from the bag”,
and then when I needed it.

Of course, in order not to embarrass the parishioners, I tried not to abuse this opportunity,
I didn’t take pictures with a flash, I didn’t click the shutter during prayer, etc.

As it turned out, there were several photographers this time,

I didn’t see if anyone else was filming during the service besides me, because right away
walked forward and sat down on a bench in the second row. My husband stayed behind, unlike
From me, where to sit was not important to him.

In the Roman Catholic Church, Easter is the main event of the church year.
and on this day a particularly solemn service is performed. It was formed
in the first centuries of Christianity as baptismal. Most of those announced after
preparatory fast were baptized on this special day.

Each Catholic Church sets its own program
celebrations, but there are also obligatory rituals: the solemn singing of Easter
psalms, church prayer and sermon. The service was held in two languages:
English and Latin.

Here is what is written on the church website about the Easter service:
"Holy Mass is both a commemoration of the Lord's death on the Cross and
His resurrection, thanksgiving to God for the atoning Sacrifice of Christ, fulfillment
The covenant given by Jesus, as well as the accomplishment incomprehensible to the human mind
The victims are here and now. This greatest gift God to approach
with love and humility. Participation in festive services established
Church, is obligatory for every baptized Catholic, absence from
Holy Mass on prescribed days without good reason is grave sin,
preventing Communion."

Families with children always come to Easter Mass. In the photo, parishioners,
kneeling and receiving the Eucharist.

The festive service lasted an hour and a half and was accompanied by organ music.
and choral singing (see video).

After the end of the service I did one more short video, to show
festive decoration of the church.

All Catholic churches are traditionally decorated with white lilies for Easter.

Here you can buy and put candles by putting money in a special box,
on which their cost is indicated.

In front of me, a smart girl in beautiful dress
and I asked if it was possible to photograph her.
“I think it’s possible,” the girl answered, “but just in case, I’ll ask my mother.”
Mom didn’t object to the photo, apparently, they were both pleased with it
attention.