Each organization, educational or medical institution can declare and tell anything about itself, characterize it in a way that is directly beneficial to them. But few people believe in words anymore. IN modern world everything must be confirmed. Here too, the compliance of advertising is confirmed through licensing and accreditation. What kind of procedure is this? And this is a kind of official recognition that allows you to carry out this or that type of activity.

Definition of concepts

Licensing is a procedure for obtaining the right to carry out activities in specific professions. Applicable to medical, education, testing and other industries. The most complete definition of the term is contained in the licensing law.

Accreditation is an operation according to an official facility with clearly regulated requirements and standards. It is most widespread in the field of providing professional services, the consumer is used to evaluate the quality characteristics of them. And he, as a rule, does not have a sufficient level of competence. If we're talking about about a university, you can understand only after it has passed accreditation what kind of educational institution it is - an institute, an academy or a university.

Certificate of accreditation is a document confirming the successful completion of state control of the level of services provided in the educational field.

Objects of accreditation

The following may be subject to the control procedure:

• organizations;
• services that the consumer is not authorized to evaluate.

In the first case, accreditation of driving schools, media, higher educational institutions, medical institutions, etc. takes place.

The latter include educational, testing, diagnostic, calibration, certification services, etc.

Technology of organizing and conducting accreditation at a university

An educational institution can obtain a level of accreditation and thereby confirm its status only after drawing up an application in the appropriate form, which is sent to the service or authorities state power(if there is an order from the main authorized body). Certain documents must be attached to the application.

Package of papers

Documents for accreditation:

• photocopy of the document on state registration of the institution carrying out educational activities in accordance with the rules and requirements of the law foreign country(applies only to foreign educational institutions);
• a photocopy of a document identifying a private entrepreneur (applies to entrepreneurs);
• a power of attorney or other document that is a direct confirmation of the right of an authorized person of an organization that operates in the educational field and submits an application with the attached documents, to represent the interests of the educational institution and act on its behalf;
• information data regarding the implementation and implementation of training programs that have been applied for at the level of accreditation;
• notarized photocopy of the agreement on the network form of execution educational programs, which must be drawn up in accordance with the Federal Law “On Education in Russian Federation»;
• a photocopy of the agreement on the establishment in an educational institution that is directly involved in the implementation of educational programs, scientific institutions and other organizations engaged in scientific research research activities, as well as laboratories and other research centers;
• photocopy of the establishment agreement educational organization, which implements educational programs of other departments (scientific, research, etc.) conducting research activities;
• data on the existing accreditation of public organizations of Russian, foreign or international origin, as well as information on the presence of professional public accreditation, if any;
• description of the provided package of documents.

After this comes the examination. In the process of such testing, the compliance of educational programs with state standards for the number of training hours, terms and forms of training is checked. The audit consists of conducting an analysis of the quality of training in a particular specialty. In addition, there may be special test tasks for students. Moreover, not all students are tested, but a select number of them. Such actions are carried out for verification purposes and are characterized by standardization. Their official name is certification pedagogical measuring materials.

Based on the results of the inspection, the commission service makes a decision regarding the satisfaction of the applicant’s request. If the decision is positive, an accreditation certificate is issued. This document provides the right to provide applicants upon admission with certain benefits that are provided for by Russian legislation, and to grant students of stationary education a deferment from conscription into the army. Only an accredited university can issue a graduate with a state diploma, on the basis of which one can subsequently become a master’s student, and which is recognized by employers throughout the Russian Federation, regardless of the form of ownership of the enterprise, organization, plant, etc.

Confirms the right of the educational institution to provide the above-mentioned preferential privileges to students and at the final stage to issue a state diploma of accreditation of educational programs.

You are already familiar with this term. But what its content and conditions of action are - questions that remained open. Accreditation certificate issued educational institution, is only valid if supported by an application. It contains a list of all educational programs that have undergone this procedure. This list is different for each university. It all depends on the specialization of the higher institution.

Accreditation of a separate direction

The educational program accreditation system reveals not only the quality of education, but also scientific activity, conditions educational activities, staff selection.

Official websites of universities have recently received increased attention. It was revealed that these Internet resources previously contained inaccurate information. For example, they indicated as valid a license that had already lost its validity in real time. Or the list of university specialties included those that were not included in the license. The requirement to declare reliable information on Internet resources in the licensing document is considered an accreditation requirement. These include transparency and accessibility of information data.

The official portal of the educational institution should provide a list of all specialties and areas in which students are trained, determine the possibility of carrying out the educational process in all forms that are available, and identify the presence of a department of military affairs. As for the forms of study, there can be three of them: full-time, evening and correspondence.

What happens if the requirements are ignored?

Failure to comply with the requirements will cause the accreditation of universities or other educational organizations to be suspended. They will not be able to carry out educational activities in principle.

What if the accreditation is “flunked”?

There are cases when an institution does not pass the “exam” and does not pass the state inspection, therefore, does not receive confirmation of the degree. This situation is fraught with the fact that the higher education institution will lower its accreditation level. Thus, a university can become an academy or an institute.

What does the degree of accreditation mean?

For most applicants, the key criterion when choosing a future university is the degree of its accreditation. What does it mean? An accreditation degree embodies the quality characteristics of an educational institution. This was already mentioned earlier in the article, but as they say, repetition is the mother of learning. But not everyone knows that this degree is also a direct confirmation of the professionalism of the teaching staff, the availability of printed publications of their own authorship, and the support of additional forms of classes.

There are five accreditation levels that apply to higher education institutions. Let's take a closer look at them.

1-2 degree

The first and second levels of accreditation are assigned to secondary specialized educational institutions, which include technical schools, colleges, lyceums, and gymnasiums. Sometimes identical organizations can provide a diploma of complete secondary education.

3-4 degree

This is university accreditation highest category: academies. All of them already have individual training systems and a scientific composition of teachers at middle and senior levels, their own printing offices and a newspaper publication. As a rule, the learning process in such institutions is based on the use of which involves two- or three-semester training.

5th degree

We present to your attention the most honorable degree of accreditation. What kind of indicator of prestige is this? These educational institutions include universities and academies of national importance.

Accreditation of driving schools

More recently, accreditation of driving schools has become mandatory. This is a direct pass for the company to carry out its activities.

Each school must be under the authority and influence of state standards, have a material and technical base, which is established by the relevant regulations. For example, it has become mandatory to create and operate an official website for a driving school, which will serve as an arena for ongoing educational programs. In addition, one of the innovation requirements is the creation of a medical class equipped with simulators and the presence of a trailer for a passenger car.

Accreditation of driving schools also puts forward requirements regarding the list of educational programs, which is now approved only by agreement, as well as the number of training sessions, both theoretical and practical. And the educational process itself consists of three cycles or levels: basic, special and professional. Such systems approach is as comfortable as possible for obtaining rights of any other category subsequently. So, if you have already graduated from a driving school once and, for example, then received a license to drive a motorcycle, and now you want to become the owner of a car license, then basic training is already excluded from your educational process.

Mandatory accreditation of the organization became the reason for the above innovations. As a result, the cost of training has increased, in fact, as well as its duration.

To date, not all schools have passed the “strength test”, so when choosing an educational institution, carefully study the relevant package of documents. Many “smart schools” are recruiting classrooms and purposefully increasing the duration of training, hoping during this time to become an accredited organization.

But there are also bona fide establishments that have successfully passed accreditation and meet all legal requirements. Some even manage to reduce the cost of educational services. Of course, only advanced schools can afford this, which are preferred not only for their attractive prices, but also for their highly professional teaching staff, as well as the renewal of their car parks and grounds.

Accreditation and licensing. What unites them

Licensing and accreditation are different things. But a number common features still exists:

• The goal is to confirm/refute the compliance of the educational institution with the standards in force in Russia.
• The timing is once every five years.
• The result is the provision of documents on the basis of which educational activities will be carried out.

Let's sum it up

Licensing implies confirmation of the right to carry out a particular type of activity or provide certain services, and accreditation of an organization confirms the quality and compliance with certain standards that are available in the legislative framework.

Both procedures begin at the initiative of the potential licensing/accreditation entity, who must write a corresponding application and submit it along with a package of documents to the authorized bodies. The Accreditation Law regulates the composition of such a package of papers, which depends on the type of object.

Based on the results of inspections, two main documents are issued: a license and a certificate of accreditation, respectively. These documents have an expiration date. As a rule, it is 5 years. When the documents become invalid, the procedure is repeated.

Still have questions?

If you do not find the points that interest you in this article, you can always refer to legal documents. Among them there is a law on licensing, regulations for accreditation of educational organizations, the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” and the Regulations “On State and Scientific Organizations”.

What is certification of an educational institution, why is it needed?

Certification of an educational institution is carried out in order to find out how well the level of knowledge of its graduates corresponds to established state standards.

During the certification of an educational institution, the availability of a license and the results of final exams for the last three years are checked. In addition, students of a certified educational institution write special tests and examinations.

Certification is carried out once every five years, so before the expiration of the old certification report, it is worth asking when the certification will be carried out and whether it will be carried out at all. If an educational institution does not pass certification, it is deprived of accreditation. If it passes the certification successfully, it is admitted to state accreditation.

The essence of state accreditation is that an educational institution confirms that it is either a higher educational institution (university, academy, institute), or a secondary vocational institution (technical school, college, college), or a general educational institution (school, gymnasium, lyceum) .

Why should an educational institution have state accreditation?

The purpose of accreditation of a university is to establish (confirm for the next term) its state accreditation status by type (higher educational institution) and type (institute, academy, university) with the establishment of a list of educational programs of higher professional education for which the university has the right to issue education documents to graduates state standard.

State accreditation of an educational institution gives it the right to issue state-issued diplomas (certificates) in accredited educational programs.

Before enrolling in an educational institution, you should find out whether it is accredited.

Public accreditation is recognition that graduates of a higher educational institution have a more or less satisfactory level of education. Public accreditation is carried out by public educational, professional, scientific and industrial organizations; it does not entail the issuance of state diplomas.

Branches of a higher educational institution undergo licensing and certification independently, and accreditation - as part of the university. If branches train without own license the right to conduct educational activities in general or in individual specialties, referring to the presence of a license from the base university, this is a violation of the law.

Accreditation is given for a period of up to five years. Accreditation is confirmed by a certificate that confirms the right of the university to issue state-issued documents to its graduates. Programs for which training is accredited are indicated not in the certificate itself, but in an appendix to it. The levels of education (bachelor, specialist, master), professions taught by the university, branches and a list of accredited programs in which training is provided in each branch are also indicated there.

In the event of liquidation or reorganization of an educational institution (merger, accession, division, spin-off), its accreditation becomes invalid and the certificate is invalidated.

What criteria are used to accredit higher education institutions?

Accreditation is carried out according to the following eight criteria:

Quality of training - the level of requirements for applicants is checked, the quality of training of students and graduates meets the requirements of state educational standards, the effectiveness of the intra-university system for ensuring the quality of education, the level of organization of students' research work, and the demand for graduates.

Educational activities of an educational institution - the conditions created in the educational institution for extracurricular work are checked, as well as the organization educational work with students.

Range of implemented basic educational programs.

Possibility of continuing education in educational programs of postgraduate and additional professional education.

Scientific, scientific and technical activities and their effectiveness.

Methodical work.

Qualification of teaching staff.

Which body accredits a higher education institution?

The accreditation of the university is carried out by the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science on the basis of the certification conclusion, the results of the examination of the university’s indicators and accreditation criteria for universities various types, approved by the accreditation body.

Accreditation issues are considered by the collegial body of the accreditation body, which includes representatives of federal executive bodies that have jurisdiction over universities, public organizations and state-public associations in the system of higher professional education, and heads of universities.

What confirms that a higher education institution has passed accreditation?

The decision to accredit a university is approved by an administrative document of the accreditation body, on the basis of which the university is issued a certificate of state accreditation.

The certificate is a document confirming the status of the university, the compliance of the content and quality of training of graduates in accredited programs with the requirements of state educational standards, the right of the university to issue state-issued documents to its graduates on the appropriate level of education. The certificate is signed by the head of the accreditation body and certified by the seal of this body.

The certificate indicates the registration number, date of issue and validity period of the certificate, location (legal address) of the university and its full name, including the name (including a special one - conservatory, higher school etc.), type of university (institute, academy, university), organizational and legal form.

If during accreditation it is established that the status of a university differs from that indicated in its name, the university is issued a temporary certificate for a period of no more than six months indicating its name. Such a certificate gives the university for a given period all the rights of a higher educational institution that has state accreditation. A permanent certificate is issued to the university based on an application and constituent documents with the name of the university brought in accordance with the status established during accreditation.

The appendix to the certificate indicates accredited programs of all levels of education implemented by the university, as well as levels of education, qualifications (degrees) that will be awarded to graduates, the name and location of branches, a list of accredited programs implemented in each branch.

A certificate without an attachment is invalid.

The certificate is valid for the duration of the accreditation period, after which it becomes invalid.

The validity of the certificate is renewed in the same manner as its receipt. Additions to the certificate concerning accredited programs of the university and its branches are documented as an appendix to the certificate.

Can a university be denied accreditation if it has not passed certification?

Accreditation of a higher education institution is carried out on the basis of conclusions on the certification of the university. A higher educational institution of any organizational and legal form, in addition to obtaining a license to conduct educational activities under educational programs of higher and postgraduate professional education, issued by the federal (central) governing body of higher education vocational education based on the conclusions of the expert commission, must undergo state accreditation and certification in order to obtain the right to issue state-issued documents. The purpose of the latter is to establish compliance of the content, level and quality of training of graduates of a higher educational institution with the requirements of state educational standards of higher professional education in areas of training (specialties).

A negative conclusion based on the results of certification serves as the basis for refusing accreditation to a university.

Among the tools with which it is possible to perform certain actions, or to verify the compliance of an object with certain standards, a license or accreditation is often called.

What is a license

License means the right to engage in any activity. It is confirmed by a document, also called a license. You can only engage in such a business if you have a license issued by the competent government agency. The state usually legally defines the list of types of such activities. The law also defines its fundamental provisions and authorizes certain government bodies to issue licenses valid indefinitely according to their competence. Procedures related to applications to such authorities and the issuance of licenses are established by government documents.

Licenses are also referred to as permits issued by government agencies for:

• Fishing.
• Construction.
• Sale of tobacco products.
• Driving a vehicle.
• Hunting for wild birds and animals.
• Work in a specific radio frequency range.
• Production of weapons, etc.

There are certain features in licensing of higher educational institutions. This is a complex procedure that determines how much educational process they comply with the government-approved regulations on licensing activities in the field of education. Local authorities and the authorized state body ensure compliance with licensing procedures. They relate to checking material, technical, social and personnel security, and organizing studies. If positive results are obtained, a corresponding document is issued giving the right to conduct educational activities.

Licensing is widespread in the field patent and copyright law. It is carried out on the basis of licensing agreements. In the first case, the patent holder or licensor, through such an agreement, provides another person (licensee) with permission to use the state-protected patented object belonging to him. For this, the licensee undertakes to pay the amount stipulated by such agreement for the use of the patent. According to an exclusive license, the right to use is also transferred within the limits agreed upon by the contract. However, the licensor retains all rights to the patent, including the right to enter into other similar agreements.

In the field of copyright, the owner gives the licensee copy right. distribution of a circulation of a work, its processing, transmission via communication channels, etc., which can be carried out within the limits and in the ways provided for by the license agreement. License agreements in the field have certain features software. Works created legally in accordance with the contract are called licensed, and those created in violation of the exclusive rights of the author are called counterfeit.

The state establishes criminal liability for conducting licensed activities without a license, if at the same time he, legal entities and significant damage was caused to citizens or income was gained on a large scale.

Why is accreditation needed?

Accreditation means confirmation by authorized government bodies compliance with the standards of a specific accreditation object. Typically, such a mechanism is used to assess the level of professional services by various organizations. Most often, services are accredited in the following areas:

• Higher education.
• Conducting tests of goods, devices, etc. in laboratories.
• Clinical diagnostics.
• Calibration of various devices and instruments.
• Certification of goods and services.

Usually this work is carried out by special government agencies that carry out their work in accordance with the rules approved by the government.

When accrediting educational organizations, their status is assigned or confirmed. Their type (secondary, higher, professional, etc.) and the type of its functioning (institute, academy, university, etc.) are recorded. The accreditation procedure primarily involves assessing the level of educational programs being implemented. During this process, it is determined to what extent the training of specialists meets state standards in this area. If the result is positive, a corresponding certificate is issued. This document on state accreditation with its appendix gives the university the right to provide benefits provided by law and issue graduates with a diploma established by the state.

In addition to state accreditation, there is practice of accreditation by public organizations, trade unions. Such events raise the university's rating. In the USA and Canada, the state does not accredit services in the field of medicine and education. These functions are assumed by authoritative non-state associations at various levels.

Laboratory services are usually accredited to meet international standards. In this case, the procedure assumes:

• The laboratory's intention to obtain accreditation.
• Absence of any connection with the accreditation body.
• Periodic testing of the accreditation body for competence.
• Public availability of the rules by which accreditation is carried out.

The received accreditation certificate means that the laboratory complies with international standards. Accreditation can be carried out by a special government agency or authorized non-governmental organizations.

There are special procedures for media accreditation when government agencies, public organizations, professional associations, etc. They require the provision of documents confirming the competence of specific media and their employees. Such accreditation can be permanent or for a certain period and is confirmed by an accreditation card.

What is the difference

Fundamentally, a license differs from accreditation in that the first gives permission to carry out specific types of activities regulated by the state. Rights to use the object of patenting or copyright can also be transferred by copyright holders - individuals.

Accreditation means a special procedure for confirming the level of professional qualifications of organizations providing certain services. Such services may not be on the list of licensed ones.

In the vast majority of countries in the world, higher educational establishments receive the right to provide educational services by recognizing the compliance of the level of education received in them with accepted standards. The compliance of the university with the necessary requirements is determined by the authorized education control body.

The process of confirming the quality of education to the state standard, carried out by authorized bodies, is called state accreditation of a university. During state accreditation, both the type of educational organization is recognized (the status of a higher educational institution is assigned) and its type (academy, institute or university) in the course of assessing the level of education received and the effectiveness of the educational programs used to train students.

An assessment of the level of knowledge of graduates of the educational institution is also given in accordance with the requirements of the state educational standard. University accreditation is issued for 5 years; subsequently, the educational institution is subject to re-accreditation.

Due to the fact that, in addition to the accreditation verification of the educational programs themselves, mandatory The level of education received with their help is also assessed; state accreditation of newly organized educational institutions is carried out after the first graduation of students.

In case of successful accreditation, the university is issued a certificate of state accreditation with an annex indicating all the specialties accredited in this educational institution. In addition to the list of specialties, the type and type of accredited institution is directly stated in the certificate. If an educational institution at the time of state accreditation has branches in other cities, each of them must have a copy of the accreditation certificate with its attachments.

State accreditation of individual branches of educational institutions is not carried out.

HOW IS THE ACCREDITATION PROCEDURE?

Accreditation of educational institutions is carried out by the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science - Rosobrnadzor. To assist in the accreditation of universities, a National Accreditation Agency has also been organized, which deals directly with organizational issues and the preparation of materials for accreditation.

Verification of a university’s compliance with the requirements of the state educational standard takes place in several stages:

1. Preparatory:

Conducting a self-examination – independent testing of the knowledge of graduates and faculty;

Preparation of a package of documents required for submission to Rosobrnadzor for the official procedure;

Contacting Rosobrnadzor, submitting the required package of documents;

Formation of an accreditation commission;

2. Expert-analytical:

Carrying out an accreditation examination of an educational institution formed by a commission;

Issuance of an accreditation certificate.

3. Final

Making a decision on accreditation

Issuance of accreditation certificate.

Subject to successful completion of the accreditation examination and issuance of a certificate of state accreditation, the university receives a certain status - institute, academy, university.

The university has the right to implement training programs for both higher and postgraduate professional education, provides the opportunity to undergo both training, retraining and advanced training in many specialties, conduct Scientific research in the field of fundamental science, has the right to scientific and methodological activities in your area.

An academy differs from a university in its narrower focus and the lack of the right to conduct scientific research in the field of fundamental science. The Institute is engaged in narrow-profile professional education in the field of a specific science, where it can conduct methodological developments and basic research.

WHAT DOES ACCREDITATION GIVE TO THE UNIVERSITY?

State accreditation does not simply determine the type and status of an educational institution. A university that has state accreditation is a guarantee of receiving real, high-quality higher education, this is a state-issued diploma, indicating that its holder actually possesses the knowledge and skills necessary for the employer, this is a guarantee successful employment, these are all the benefits, scholarships and grants provided by the state, this is study and creative research that gives knowledge and prospects.

Unaccredited educational institutions cannot always provide all the necessary knowledge, and a diploma of an “established sample” obtained in such an institution is a very dubious document for which potential employer will always look askance.

WHY IS IT BETTER TO STUDY AT AN ACCREDITED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

Among other things, a university with state accreditation guarantees not only an official diploma, which is sometimes quoted abroad, but also the possibility of subsequent training - master's and postgraduate studies are always available to graduates of an accredited university.

Unaccredited commercial institutions, unfortunately, often offer higher education at the undergraduate level, which does not always correspond even to this level.

The next advantage concerns the male half of all applicants, namely, the right to a deferment from the army is given by studying only at a university that has state accreditation. Moreover, you can count on a deferment only if you obtain specialties that are strictly specified in the Appendix to the certificate of state accreditation of the university.

The opportunity to receive higher education at the expense of the state, that is, on a budgetary basis, is available only in universities with state accreditation. The same applies to a variety of student benefits and payments.

All state guarantees regarding them are fulfilled only in state accredited universities. In private educational institutions you cannot count on such an opportunity. All training is at the expense of the student.

In any commercial activity there is a risk of going broke and not making a profit. Unfortunately, in the sphere of providing educational services, the same fierce competition and the same market laws operate, which do not forgive mistakes and unprofitability.

And therefore, alas, not a single private university can guarantee its students that it will not suddenly close due to the unprofitability of the enterprise. The fate of the students in this outcome is very deplorable. No one will return to them either the money they paid in vain or the time they wasted.

By entering a higher educational institution with state accreditation, an applicant insures himself against many troubles, but not a single university can guarantee receiving a full-fledged higher education unless the student himself makes enough efforts to receive a truly significant and valuable diploma at the end of his studies. real, higher education.

Institute or university), the level of programs being implemented, their focus, as well as the quality of training of graduates. Newly organized individual branches or universities, as well as newly introduced specialties, can receive accreditation only after the first graduation. Any university must provide Required documents at the first request of incoming students. Additional information about the educational institution can be found in Rosobrnadzor. The accreditation of a university itself is different from the accreditation of its program. The curriculum of an institute or university is approved by the Minister of Education of the Russian Federation; any university can have accredited and non-accredited programs, main reason– unsatisfactory quality. If you are taking an unaccredited program at an educational institution, then you should not expect a state diploma. Accreditation may be unexpected; as a rule, specialists who analyze the quality of an educational institution take part in it. Students who are tested according to special program, this will confirm the reputation of the university. The scientific program and the quality of education are checked, the selection of personnel and the conditions of education are assessed. Considerable attention Lately paid to university websites, transparency and reliability of posted information. After successful completion of accreditation, the university is issued a certificate and a certain annex to it, which indicates the accredited specialties. The certificate may indicate the type of educational institution (higher education institution), type. No one can be independently certified without a head office. Each branch must have a copy of the certificate and application. If for some reason a university was unable to pass accreditation, Rosobrnadzor can give the educational institution time to improve the situation as a whole. An accredited higher education institution is considered more reliable and prestigious, such a university will receive state support, and students are entitled to all the benefits provided by law.

Sources:

• if the university has not been accredited

In order for your company to cooperate directly with foreign companies, it must be accredited in embassy(or Consulate General) of the exact country where your business partners work.

Instructions

Most often they fall under:
- higher education institutions,
- mass media,
- medical institutions,
- diagnostic centers,
- laboratories and research institutes,
- certification centers.

Types of accreditation

There are two types of accreditation: state and non-state.

Non-governmental is carried out by certified (i.e. previously “verified” by the state) private non-profit organizations, which may have their own divisions, for example national or regional.

State accreditation is carried out and regularly confirmed by various federal services. As a result of passing any of the accreditations and upon completion of all procedures, if the result is positive, a state certificate is issued, giving the right to carry out activities within the framework of the state standard. Thus, experts prove high level the quality of services provided to the “inspected” organization and make a final assessment of its activities as a whole.

Accreditation in journalism

Unlike many areas where an organization receives accreditation, a journalist is often accredited special person. As a rule, this is required to organize the participation of a media representative in briefings or press conferences. In most cases, it is enough to submit a personal application