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Maya karmen. Vasily Aksenov

Vasily Aksenov

“... Each of us longs to retreat from vanity and show devotion to our mysterious passion, poetry. And this passion seeks to unite us.<…>All our poets, as well as prose writers with a poetic bent who have joined them,<…>they are all stained by misfortune and they were all destined for slavish betrayal. However, everyone almost straightened up. There is only a quarter of a century left to fully recover.
<…>
What a bliss it is to see you all outside of prison and courts.”
"Mysterious passion. A novel about the sixties"

Vasily Aksenov was born in 1932 in Kazan into the family of the chairman of the city council, Pavel Aksenov, and Evgenia Ginzburg, who worked as a teacher at the Kazan Pedagogical Institute and then as the head of the cultural department of the Krasnaya Tataria newspaper.

In 1937, the parents were repressed. The older brother and sister were taken in by paternal and maternal relatives, and the parents’ only common child, Vasya, was assigned to Orphanage for children of prisoners. However, a year later his father’s brother found him and until the age of 16, Vasily lived with relatives.

Having left the settlement, Evgenia Ginzburg obtained permission for her son to come to her in Magadan.

Evgenia Ginzburg is the author of one of the country’s first literary works about victims Stalin's repressions. Her book of memoirs, “Steep Route,” written in 1967, was distributed in the USSR through samizdat. At the same time, it was published in Italy without the author’s knowledge. First published in 1988 at home. In 1989 at the Sovremennik Theater it was staged by Galina Volchek and runs until today play "Steep Route".

Vasily Aksenov would later write about his life in Magadan in his autobiographical novel “Burn.”

In 1956, Aksenov graduated from the Leningrad Medical Institute and was assigned to a shipping company; however, despite the fact that his parents had already been rehabilitated by that time, he never received permission to go on a long voyage.

Aksenov's first stories were published in 1958. After the publication of the story “Colleagues” and its subsequent film adaptation, Vasily Aksenov gained fame and left medicine, completely engaging in literary work.

In 1937, the parents were repressed. The older brother and sister were taken in by paternal and maternal relatives, and the parents’ only common child, Vasya, was sent to an orphanage for children of prisoners. However, a year later his father’s brother found him and until the age of 16, Vasily lived with relatives.

Having left the settlement, Evgenia Ginzburg obtained permission for her son to come to her in Magadan.

Evgenia Ginzburg is the author of one of the first in the country literary works about the victims of Stalin's repressions. Her book of memoirs, “Steep Route,” written in 1967, was distributed in the USSR through samizdat. At the same time, it was published in Italy without the author’s knowledge. First published in 1988 at home. In 1989, the play “Steep Route” was staged by Galina Volchek at the Sovremennik Theater and continues to this day.

Vasily Aksenov would later write about his life in Magadan in his autobiographical novel “Burn.”

He worked as a doctor in the North, in Karelia, Leningrad and Moscow.

His works “One and a half medical units” (1958), “Colleagues” (1959, filmed in 1962), “Star Ticket” (1961, filmed in 1962), “Oranges from Morocco” (1962), “It’s Time” were published in the Soviet Union , my friend, it’s time” (1963), “Catapult” (1964), “Victory” (1965), “It’s a pity that you weren’t with us” (1965), “The Steel Bird” (1965), “Halfway to Moon" (1966), "Overstocked Barrel" (1968, a play of the same name was staged at the Moscow Theater-Studio "Tabakerka"), "Love of Electricity" (1969), "My Grandfather is a Monument" (1969), "Search for a Genre" ( 1972), “Gene Green - untouchable” (1972, together with O. Gorchakov and G. Pozhenyan under the pseudonym Grivadiy Gopozhaks - a combination of the authors’ first and last names), “A chest in which something is knocking” (1976).

The USSR novels “The Burn” (1975) and “The Island of Crimea” (1979) could not be published due to censorship.

In 1978, Aksenov became one of the initiators and compilers of the uncensored almanac “Metropol”, in which the works of 24 authors were published, including Vladimir Vysotsky, for whom publication in the almanac was the first and only one during his lifetime. The almanac was published in samizdat in 12 copies. The manuscript was sent to the USA and published there, first in reprint and then in typesetting.

One of the 12 original copies is kept in the museum. Andrei Sakharov in Moscow.

The publication's participants were declared anti-Soviet and were not published in the USSR for a long time. Evgeny Popov and Viktor Erofeev were expelled from the Writers' Union. As a sign of protest, Aksenov voluntarily leaves the Union. Aksenov will describe the history of Metropol in the novel Say Raisins.

In 1980, Aksenov received an invitation to travel to the United States; while in America, he and his wife Maya Aksenov were deprived of Soviet citizenship.

In the USA, Aksenov teaches Russian literature at several universities. His novels “Burn”, “Island of Crimea”, “Our Golden Iron” were published in the USA. Here he writes “Paper Landscape” (1982), “Say Raisin” (1985), “In Search of Sad Baby” (1986), “Moscow Saga” (1989, 1991, 1993), “The Negative of a Positive Hero” (1995), "New Sweet Style" (1996). “Egg Yolk” (1989, written in English, translated into Russian by the author).

Aksenov came to Russia in 1989 at the invitation of the American Ambassador Jack Matlock. In 1990, the writer and his wife were returned to Russian citizenship.

In the late 80s, Aksenov began to be published again in Russia. In 1993 and 1994, “The Moscow Saga” was published; based on the trilogy, a television feature film was made, shown on Channel One in 2004.

Aksenov came to Russia in 1989 at the invitation of the American Ambassador Jack Matlock. In 1990, the writer and his wife were returned to Russian citizenship.

In 2004, Aksenov won the Booker Prize for his novel “The Voltaireans and the Voltaireans.” In 2005 he was awarded the Order of Literature and Art - one of the highest awards in France. Aksenov is a member of the Pen Club and the American League of Authors, and holds the honorary title of Doctor of Humane Letters.

In 2006, his novel “Moscow Kva-Kva” was published, in 2007 - the novel “Rare Earths”.

In honor of the writer’s 75th birthday, the first literary and music festival “Aksenov Fest” was held in Kazan in 2007.

In January 2008, Aksenov suffered a stroke. After several operations and a year and a half spent in Moscow hospitals, Vasily Aksenov died on July 6, 2009.

In October 2009, Vasily Aksenov’s last completed novel, “Mysterious Passion,” was published.

After Aksenov’s death in Kazan, in the house where he lived with his parents until 1937, a Museum of Vasily Aksenov. Aksenov was married twice.
The first wife is Kira Mendeleva, in 1960 their son Alexey was born.
Second marriage - with Maya Carmen.

See also:

Born in 1930 in the family of a civil war hero, historian and rector of the All-Union Academy of Foreign Trade, and then head of the All-Union Foreign Trade Association "International Book" Afanasy Andreevich Zmeul.

Maya worked at the Chamber of Commerce and lived with her father and adoptive mother until her first marriage: in 1951, she accepted the offer of foreign trader Maurice Ovchinnikov. Then she was married again. In the early 1970s, Maya meets Vasily Aksenov.

From Dmitry Petrov’s book “Aksenov”: “...We experienced very strong romantic love... - so many years later - in 2001 - Aksenov will tell Zoya Boguslavskaya about this meeting, one of the most important and significant in his life. - Then it grew into spiritual intimacy. She knows me like crazy, I know her less, but both of us, especially now, in old age, understand who we can rely on...

Aksenov was inspired by this meeting. Having experienced a severe personal crisis in the late 1960s, he “felt as if he had missed something that could illuminate his life and writing.” He took a big risk. After all, Maya Afanasyevna was married.”

All creative Moscow spoke about their meetings. And on May 30, 1980, they got married in Peredelkino.

Two months after the wedding, the Aksenov family leaves by invitation to the United States, and at this time Vasily Pavlovich is deprived of Soviet citizenship. They spent 24 years in exile. He taught Russian literature at universities, she taught Russian language. In 2004 they returned to Russia.

Maya Aksenova is the wife of Vasily Aksenov.
Born in 1930 in the family of a civil war hero, historian and rector of the All-Union Academy of Foreign Trade, and then head of the All-Union Foreign Trade Association "International Book" Afanasy Andreevich Zmeul.

All creative Moscow spoke about their meetings. And on May 30, 1980, they got married in Peredelkino.

Two months after the wedding, the Aksenov family leaves for the USA by invitation. After being deprived of citizenship, the couple spent 24 years in exile. He taught Russian literature at universities, she taught Russian language. In 2004 they returned to Russia.

Maya Aksenova had a daughter, Elena.

Bella Akhmadulina is a poet. Born on April 10, 1937 in Moscow, in the family of customs officer Akhat Valeevich and KGB translator Nadezhda Makarovna. Tatar, Italian and Russian blood were mixed in her.

Bella Akhmadulina began writing poems back in school years, and the first publication took place in 1955, in the magazine “October”.

The parents saw their daughter as a journalist and sent her to enter Moscow State University. But Bella failed the exam: when asked about the editorial on the pages of Pravda, she replied that she did not read such newspapers. In 1956, she entered the Literary Institute, and three years later she was expelled for refusing to sign a letter condemning Boris Pasternak. In August 1959, Bella became a correspondent for " Literary newspaper" On the advice of its editor-in-chief Sergei Smirnov, she went to Siberia and wrote about the cities of Abakan, Kemerovo, Stalinsk, Irkutsk and Novosibirsk. It was Smirnov who, in October of the same year, would assist Akhmadulina in getting reinstated to study at the Literary Institute. During this period, Bella wrote one of her most famous poems, “On My Street Which Year...”. In 1975, Mikael Tariverdiev set these poems to music, and the composition was performed in Eldar Ryazanov’s film “The Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath!”

In 1964, Bella Akhmadulina appeared as a journalist in the cinema - in Vasily Shukshin’s film “There Lives Such a Guy.” The film received the Golden Lion of St. Mark for best film for children at the Venice Film Festival.

Together with his friends in 1979, he took part in the creation of the uncensored literary almanac Metropol. Throughout her life, Bella Akhmadulina took an active civic position and openly supported Soviet dissidents.

Among her awards are the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III and II degrees, the State Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of literature and art, the Prize of the President of the Russian Federation and many others.

Bella Akhmadulina was married four times. She was the wife of the poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko (1955-1958), writer Yuri Nagibin (1959-1968), screenwriter Eldar Kuliev (early 70s), theater artist Boris Messerer (1974-2010). She has two daughters: Anna and Elizaveta.

On November 29, 2010, Bella Akhmadulina died in Peredelkino after a long illness.

Bella Akhmadulina began writing poems during her school years, and the first publication took place in 1955, in the magazine “October”.

The parents saw their daughter as a journalist and sent her to enter Moscow State University. But Bella failed the exam: when asked about the editorial on the pages of Pravda, she replied that she did not read such newspapers. In 1956, she entered the Literary Institute, and three years later she was expelled for refusing to sign a letter condemning Boris Pasternak. In August 1959, Bella became a correspondent for Literary Gazette. On the advice of its editor-in-chief Sergei Smirnov, she went to Siberia and wrote about the cities of Abakan, Kemerovo, Stalinsk, Irkutsk and Novosibirsk. It was Smirnov who, in October of the same year, would assist Akhmadulina in getting reinstated to study at the Literary Institute. During this period, Bella wrote one of her most famous poems, “On My Street Which Year...”. In 1975, Mikael Tariverdiev set these poems to music, and the composition was performed in Eldar Ryazanov’s film “The Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath!”

Robert Rozhdestvensky was born on June 20, 1932 in the village of Kosikha, West Siberian (now Altai) region. The name was given in honor of Robert Eiche, who led mass repressions in Siberia. Father - Stanislav Nikodimovich Petkevich worked in the OGPU-NKVD. Mother, Vera Pavlovna Fedorova, being a school director, studied at a medical institute. In 1934, the family settled in Omsk. In 1937, the parents divorced. During the Great Patriotic War, my father died at the front. My mother, who graduated from medical school, was called to the front. Robert lived with relatives. At the front, the mother met officer Ivan Ivanovich Rozhdestvensky, married him and gave her son his last name and patronymic. The Rozhdestvenskys live in Vienna, Koenigsberg, Petrozavodsk, and Leningrad. They move a lot around the place of duty. In 1950, Robert published poetry for the first time in a Petrozavodsk magazine and tried to enter the Literary Institute. Gorky, he succeeds in 1951 on his second attempt. Since that time, Rozhdestvensky has lived in Moscow. In 1953 he meets his future wife, Alla Kireeva. In 1955, his first collection “Flags of Spring” was published. Subsequently, he published a lot - more than 70 collections of poems. He was awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize and the USSR State Prize.

In his marriage to Alla Kireeva, a translator and literary critic, two daughters were born - Ekaterina and Ksenia.

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Alla Kireeva is a literary critic and artist. Born in Moscow in 1933. She met Robert Rozhdestvensky at the Gorky Literary Institute, where they studied together. They lived together for 41 years, until the death of her husband. She worked in the literary consultation department of the magazine “Youth”.

Alla Kireeva, married to Robert Rozhdestvensky, had two daughters - Ekaterina and Ksenia.

Alla Kireeva died in Moscow in 2015.

Alla Kireeva, married to Robert Rozhdestvensky, had two daughters - Ekaterina and Ksenia.

Alla Kireeva died in Moscow in 2015.

Andrei Voznesensky was born in Moscow on May 12, 1933. Father Andrei Nikolaevich Voznesensky participated in the construction of the Bratsk and Inguri hydroelectric power stations, hydraulic engineer, Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor, director of the Hydroproject, Institute of Water Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Mother - Antonina Sergeevna.

At the age of 14, Andrei Voznesensky sent his poems to Boris Pasternak and received the poet’s approval and friendship.

In 1957, Andrei Voznesensky graduated from the Moscow Architectural Institute, and in 1958 his poems were published for the first time. In 1959, the first collection of Voznesensky’s poems was published in Vladimir. “Your entry into literature is swift, stormy, I am glad that I lived to see it,” Boris Pasternak wrote to Voznesensky.

Together with other poets of the sixties, Voznesensky spoke a lot to the public. He traveled abroad, where he also became widely known.

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The future actress studied at the choreographic school at the Grand Opera in Paris. In 1949, at the age of 11, she played in a movie for the first time, it was a cameo role in the melodrama “Summer Storm.” In 1952, after the death of her father, Marina took the pseudonym “Vladi” in memory of him. She starred a lot with French, Italian, and then Soviet directors.
After the release of the film “The Witch” (1959), based on the story by A.I. Kuprin "Olesya" Marina became popular and recognizable in the Soviet Union.
She always had many fans. Among them are Marcello Mastroianni, Marlon Brando, Orson Welles and Jean-Luc Godard. In 1955, she married director Robert Hossein. The actress's second husband was pilot Jean-Claude Brouillet. After the second divorce, in 1967, Marina Vladi went to Russia, where she met Vladimir Vysotsky.
In 1970, Marina Vladi and Vladimir Vysotsky got married, the celebration took place in the Moscow rented apartment. After honeymoon Marina left for filming in France, and Vladimir remained in Moscow. He was not given an exit visa and the spouses were left to communicate at a distance. In 1980, their marriage ended with the death of Vysotsky.
In 1989, Marina Vladi released the autobiographical novel “Vladimir, or Interrupted Flight,” which was published in many countries.

Marina Vladi was married four times and has three sons.
First marriage (1955-1959) with director Robert Hossein, sons Igor and Peter.
The second (1963-1966) with the pilot Jean-Claude Brouillet, son Vladimir.
Third marriage (1970-1980) with poet, actor and singer Vladimir Vysotsky.
Fourth marriage (1981-2003) with oncologist Leon Schwarzenberg.

Marina Vladi (Marina Vladimirovna Polyakova-Baydarova) is a French actress and singer of Russian origin. She was born on May 10, 1938 in the commune of Clichy-La-Garenne in France. Her father is Vladimir Polyakov-Baydarov, artist opera houses in Paris and Monte Carlo, born in Moscow. Mom - Militsa Envald, ballerina and daughter of a Russian general. Marina has three sisters: Olga, Tatyana and Militsa.
The future actress studied at the choreographic school at the Grand Opera in Paris. In 1949, at the age of 11, she played in a movie for the first time, it was a cameo role in the melodrama “Summer Storm.” In 1952, after the death of her father, Marina took the pseudonym “Vladi” in memory of him. She starred a lot with French, Italian, and then Soviet directors.
After the release of the film “The Witch” (1959), based on the story by A.I. Kuprin "Olesya" Marina became popular and recognizable in the Soviet Union.
She always had many fans. Among them are Marcello Mastroianni, Marlon Brando, Orson Welles and Jean-Luc Godard. In 1955, she married director Robert Hossein. The actress's second husband was pilot Jean-Claude Brouillet. After the second divorce, in 1967, Marina Vladi went to Russia, where she met Vladimir Vysotsky.
In 1970, Marina Vladi and Vladimir Vysotsky got married, the celebration took place in a Moscow rented apartment. After the honeymoon, Marina left for filming in France, and Vladimir remained in Moscow. He was not given an exit visa and the spouses were left to communicate at a distance. In 1980, their marriage ended with the death of Vysotsky.
In 1989, Marina Vladi released the autobiographical novel “Vladimir, or Interrupted Flight,” which was published in many countries.

See also:

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (1890-1960), Russian, Soviet poet, prose writer, translator. .
Born in Moscow. Father - Leonid Osipovich Pasternak, artist, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Mother Rosalia Isidorovna Pasternak (née Kaufman) is a pianist.
Boris Pasternak's first poems were published in 1913 (the collection “Twin in the Clouds”).
In 1955, Boris Pasternak completed work on the novel Doctor Zhivago. After unsuccessful attempts to publish the novel in the USSR, he transfers the manuscript abroad. In 1957, the novel was published in Italy and then in many other countries.
In 1958, Boris Pasternak was awarded Nobel Prize for outstanding services in modern lyric poetry and in the field of great Russian epic prose.
Boris Pasternak happily accepted the award, but then, under pressure from the Soviet leadership, he was forced to refuse the award.
In 1958, Pasternak was expelled from the USSR Writers' Union and, until his death in 1960, was subjected to pressure from Soviet propaganda and persecution, including from General Prosecutor's Office THE USSR.
Until the beginning of Perestroika, there was no mention of Boris Pasternak in school textbooks on literature in the USSR.
In 1986, in the village of Peredelkino near Moscow, a museum was opened in the house where Pasternak had lived since 1939.

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (1890-1960), Russian, Soviet poet, prose writer, translator. Winner of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Born in Moscow. Father - Leonid Osipovich Pasternak, artist, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Mother Rosalia Isidorovna Pasternak (née Kaufman) is a pianist.
Boris Pasternak's first poems were published in 1913 (the collection “Twin in the Clouds”).
In 1955, Boris Pasternak completed work on the novel Doctor Zhivago. After unsuccessful attempts to publish the novel in the USSR, he transfers the manuscript abroad. In 1957, the novel was published in Italy and then in many other countries.
In 1958, Boris Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for outstanding achievements in modern lyric poetry and in the field of great Russian epic prose.
Boris Pasternak happily accepted the award, but then, under pressure from the Soviet leadership, he was forced to refuse the award.
In 1958, Pasternak was expelled from the USSR Writers' Union and, until his death in 1960, was subject to pressure from Soviet propaganda and persecution, including from the USSR Prosecutor General's Office.
Until the beginning of Perestroika, there was no mention of Boris Pasternak in school textbooks on literature in the USSR.
In 1986, in the village of Peredelkino near Moscow, in the house where Pasternak had lived since 1939, a

The famous Russian writer Vasily Aksyonov was a descendant of parents repressed by the Stalinist regime. He grew up in the family of his paternal aunt, a party worker, and only at the age of 15 was reunited with his mother, who had been evicted to Kolyma. Later, Aksyonov spoke about his youth in his autobiographical novel “Burn.” He graduated from the First Leningrad Medical Institute and began working as a doctor, but since 1960 he has taken up professional literary activity. The writer’s first story, “Colleagues,” was filmed in 1961, and since then Vasily Pavlovich has enjoyed the fame of a famous author. True, by the 70s his activities were banned due to his too active civic position in defense of dissidence. In 1988, Aksyonov traveled to the United States by invitation, for which the writer himself and Vasily Aksyonov’s wife were deprived of Soviet citizenship. He was able to return to Russia only in 2004.

Aksyonov was married twice and his love story became one of the legends Russian society on for a long time. Vasily Pavlovich's first marriage was to Kira Ludvigovna Mendeleva, the daughter of brigade commander Lajos Gavro, a girl from a good, wealthy family. The future spouses met in 1956, near Leningrad, and Kira captivated the writer with her liveliness, ability to sing foreign songs, and attractive appearance. She then studied at the Moscow Institute foreign languages, and Aksenov worked in the clinic. A year and a half later, they got married and lived in a cramped room in a house where there was one toilet for 50 apartments, “soul to soul.” In 1960, the newlyweds had a son, Alexey, and a year later - another, Aksyonov became popular writer. Having become plump and having lost most of her charm, Kira began to arrange scenes of jealousy for her husband and their marital harmony fell apart.

In the mid-60s, Aksyonov became close friends with Maya Carmen in one of the “writing” companies. She was a friend of Bella Akhmadulina, the wife of the famous director Roman Carmen, 24 years older than her. Bright and showy, always cheerful and sociable, Maya loved to flirt, men like her and immediately gravitated towards Aksyonov. He always felt a special inner strength that attracted women. When an affair began between Maya and Vasily, both were not free and caused a lot of worries for their spouses. Carmen begged Maya not to leave him, no matter what, Kira continued to make trouble. In such conditions, lovers could find moments of happiness on business trips, at parties with friends of writers and in secret meetings, although everyone close to them knew about their romance. Aksyonov and his lover went on vacation together and stayed in different hotel rooms because the rules were strict then.

Maya worked at the Chamber of Commerce after graduating from the Institute of Foreign Trade and often traveled abroad. From there she brought a lot of beautiful imported things for herself and her friends and relatives. Vasily dressed in fashionable, scarce things, tried to pamper her beloved and her daughter Alena from her first marriage, even before her union with Carmen, with imported wonders. In 1978, the venerable director died, and two years later Aksyonov married his widow. In July 1980, the newlyweds went to France, from where they decided to visit the United States for two months. This cost them the loss of the right to return to their homeland. The couple got jobs as teachers at various American universities. Aksenov - as a professor of Russian literature, Maya - a teacher of philology. They received permission to return to Russia only after perestroika and other government changes, in 2004.

The writer came to the apartment in Moscow that had been returned to him, but did not live in it permanently, often going to his home in Biarritz. He again tasted the glory of a fashionable writer and managed to enjoy it. Aksyonov died in 2009, having been painfully ill for almost a year after a stroke and undergoing a difficult, complex operation. Maya Afanasyevna spent the whole day near his bed, went home briefly and received the news of her husband’s death. Their loud love ended the way Aksyonov promised long before, even in his youth: he devotedly and faithfully loved his Maya until the very end. Vasily Aksenov’s wife survived her husband by only five years.

Vasily Pavlovich Aksenov. Born on August 20, 1932 in Kazan - died on July 6, 2009 in Moscow. Soviet and Russian writer, film scriptwriter.

Father - Pavel Vasilyevich Aksenov (1899-1991), was the chairman of the Kazan City Council and a member of the bureau of the Tatar regional committee of the CPSU.

Mother - Evgenia Solomonovna Ginzburg (1904-1977), worked as a teacher at the Kazan Pedagogical Institute, then as head of the cultural department of the newspaper "Red Tataria".

He was the third youngest child in the family, and the only one common child parents.

In 1937, when Vasily Aksenov was not yet five years old, his parents - first his mother, and then soon his father - were arrested and sentenced to 10 years in prison and camps.

The older children - sister Maya (daughter of P.V. Aksenov) and Alyosha (son of E.S. Ginzburg from her first marriage) - were taken in by relatives. Vasily was forcibly sent to an orphanage for the children of prisoners - his grandmothers were not allowed to keep the child with them.

In 1938, P. Aksenov’s brother, Andreyan Vasilyevich Aksenov, managed to find little Vasya in an orphanage in Kostroma and take him in with him. Vasya lived in the house of Motya Aksenova (his paternal relative) until 1948, until his mother Evgenia Ginzburg, having left the camp in 1947 and living in exile in Magadan, obtained permission for Vasya to come to her in Kolyma.

Evgenia Ginzburg described her meeting with Vasya in a book of memoirs "Steep route"- one of the first book-memoirs about the era of Stalinist repressions and camps, which told about the eighteen years the author spent in prison, Kolyma camps and link.

Vasily Aksenov, Evgenia Ginzburg and Anton Walter (Magadan, 1950)

Many years later, in 1975, Vasily Aksenov described his Magadan youth in the autobiographical novel “Burn.”

In 1956, Aksenov graduated from the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute and was assigned to the Baltic Shipping Company, where he was supposed to work as a doctor on long-distance vessels.

Despite the fact that his parents had already been rehabilitated, he was never given access. It was later mentioned that Aksyonov worked as a quarantine doctor in the Far North, in Karelia, in the Leningrad sea trading port and in a tuberculosis hospital in Moscow (according to other sources, he was a consultant at the Moscow Research Institute of Tuberculosis).

Since 1960, Vasily Aksenov has been a professional writer. From his pen came the story “Colleagues” (written in 1959; the play of the same name together with Yu. Stabov, 1961; the film of the same name, 1962), the novels “Star Ticket” (written in 1961; the film “My Junior” was based on it) brother", 1962), the story "Oranges from Morocco" (1962), "It's time, my friend, it's time" (1963), the collections "Catapult" (1964), "Halfway to the Moon" (1966), the play "Always in sale" (production of the Sovremennik Theater, 1965); in 1968, the satirical-fantasy story “Overstocked Barrel” was published.

In the 1960s, V. Aksenov’s works were often published in the magazine “Yunost”. For several years he has been a member of the journal's editorial board. He writes adventure duology for children: “My Grandfather is a Monument” (1970) and “The Chest in which Something Knocks” (1972).

The story about L. Krasin “Love for Electricity” (1971) belongs to the historical and biographical genre. The experimental work “Search for a Genre” was written in 1972 (first publication in the magazine “ New world"; in the subtitle indicating the genre of the work, it is also indicated “Search for a genre”).

Also in 1972, together with O. Gorchakov and G. Pozhenyan, he wrote a parody novel on the spy action movie “Gene Green - the Untouchable” under the pseudonym Grivadiy Gorpozhaks (a combination of the names and surnames of the real authors).

In 1976, he translated E. L. Doctorow’s novel “Ragtime” from English.

Back in March 1963, at a meeting with the intelligentsia in the Kremlin, he subjected Aksenov, along with Andrei Voznesensky, to devastating criticism.

On March 5, 1966, Vasily Aksyonov participated in an attempted demonstration on Red Square in Moscow against the supposed rehabilitation of Stalin and was detained by vigilantes.

In 1967-1968, he signed a number of letters in defense of dissidents, for which he received a reprimand and entered into his personal file from the Moscow branch of the Union of Writers of the USSR.

In the 1970s, after the end of the “thaw,” Aksyonov’s works ceased to be published in his homeland. Novels "Burn"(1975) and “Island of Crimea” (1979) were created from the very beginning by the author without any expectation of publication. At this time, criticism of Aksenov and his works became increasingly harsh: epithets such as “non-Soviet” and “non-national” were used.

In 1977-1978, Aksyonov’s works began to appear abroad, primarily in the USA. Your famous novel "Island of Crimea" Vasily Aksenov wrote in 1977-1979, partly during his stay in Koktebel.

In 1978, V. Aksenov, together with Andrei Bitov, Viktor Yerofeyev, Fazil Iskander, Evgeny Popov and Bella Akhmadulina, became the organizer and author of the uncensored almanac “Metropol”, which was never published in the Soviet censored press. The almanac was published in the USA. All participants in the almanac underwent “workouts”.

In protest against the subsequent expulsion of Popov and Erofeev from the Union of Writers of the USSR in December 1979, Aksyonov, as well as Inna Lisnyanskaya and Semyon Lipkin, announced their withdrawal from the joint venture. The history of the almanac is told in a novel with a key "Say 'raisin'".

Vasily Aksenov, Vladimir Vysotsky and Victor Erofeev

On July 22, 1980, he left at the invitation for the United States, after which he was deprived of Soviet citizenship. Until 2004 he lived in the USA.

Since 1981, Vasily Aksyonov has been a professor of Russian literature at various US universities: the Kennan Institute (1981-1982), George Washington University (1982-1983), Goucher College (1983-1988), George Mason University (1988-2009).

In 1980-1991, as a journalist, he actively collaborated with the Voice of America and Radio Liberty. Collaborated with the magazine "Continent" and the almanac "Verb". Aksyonov’s radio essays were published in the author’s collection “A Decade of Slander” (2004).

The novels “Our Golden Iron” (1973, 1980), “Burn” (1976, 1980), “Island of Crimea” (1979, 1981), a collection of short stories were published in the USA, written by Aksyonov in Russia, but first published only after the writer’s arrival in America. "Right to the Island" (1981).

Also in the USA, V. Aksyonov wrote and published new novels: “Paper Landscape” (1982), “Say “Raisin”” (1985), “In Search of the Sad Baby” (1986), the “Moscow Saga” trilogy (1989, 1991 , 1993), collection of stories “The Negative of a Positive Hero” (1995), “New Sweet Style” (1996) (dedicated to the life of Soviet emigration in the United States), “Caesarean Glow” (2000).

The novel “Egg Yolk” (1989) was written by V. Aksenov in English, then translated by the author into Russian.

For the first time after nine years of emigration, Aksenov visited the USSR in 1989 at the invitation of the American Ambassador J. Matlock. In 1990, Aksenov was returned to Soviet citizenship.

IN Lately lived with his family in Biarritz, France, and in Moscow.

The Moscow Saga trilogy (1992) was filmed in Russia in 2004 by A. Barshchevsky in a multi-part television series.

In 1992, he actively supported Gaidar's reforms. In his words: “Gaidar gave a kick to Mother Russia.”

In 1993, during the dispersal of the Supreme Council, he stood in solidarity with those who signed the letter of support.

In the USA, V. Aksyonov was awarded honorary title Doctor of Humane Letters. He was a member of the PEN Club and the American Authors League. In 2004, V. Aksenov was awarded the Russian Booker Prize for the novel “The Voltaireans and the Voltaireans.” In 2005, Vasily Aksenov was awarded the Order of Arts and Letters.

In 2007, the novel “Rare Earths” was published.

Vasily Aksenov - interview

In Kazan, since 2007, the International Literary and Music Festival Aksyonov Fest has been held annually in the fall (October) (the first was held with his personal participation); in 2009, the building was recreated and the Aksyonov Literary House-Museum was opened, in which the city literary club operates.

On January 15, 2008, in Moscow, V. Aksyonov suddenly felt very ill and was hospitalized at Hospital No. 23, where a stroke was diagnosed. A day after hospitalization, Aksyonov was transferred to the Sklifosovsky Research Institute, where he underwent surgery to remove a carotid artery blood clot.

On January 29, 2008, doctors assessed the writer’s condition as extremely serious. As of August 28, 2008, his condition remained “stable and serious.” On March 5, 2009, new complications arose, Aksenov was transferred to the Burdenko Research Institute and underwent surgery. Later Aksyonov was transferred back to the Sklifosovsky Research Institute.

On July 6, 2009, after a long illness, Vasily Pavlovich Aksenov died in Moscow, at the Sklifosovsky Research Institute. Vasily Aksyonov was buried on July 9, 2009 at the Vagankovskoye cemetery in Moscow.

In Kazan, the house where the writer lived in his youth was restored, and in November 2009, the Museum of his work was created there.

In October 2009, the last completed novel by Vasily Aksenov was published - "Mysterious Passion". A novel about the sixties,” individual chapters of which were published in 2008 in the magazine “Collection of Caravan of Stories.” The novel is autobiographical, and its main characters are the idols of Soviet literature and art of the 1960s: Robert Rozhdestvensky, Evgeny Yevtushenko, Bella Akhmadulina, Andrei Voznesensky, Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Tarkovsky, Vladimir Vysotsky, Ernst Neizvestny, Marlen Khutsiev and others. In order to distance himself from the memoir genre, the author gave fictitious names to the characters in the novel.

still from the series "Mysterious Passion"

In 2010, Aksyonov’s unfinished autobiographical novel “Lend-Lease” was published.

In 2011, Alexander Kabakov and Evgeny Popov published a joint book of memoirs, “Aksyonov.” The authors are extremely concerned about the issue of “writer’s fate”, which relates to the intricacies of biography and the birth of a great Personality. The main task of the book is to resist the distortion of facts for the sake of one or another situation.

In 2012, Viktor Esipov published the book “Vasily Aksenov - a lonely runner on the long distances”, which included memories of contemporaries about the writer, part of his correspondence and interviews.

Personal life of Vasily Aksenov:

The first wife is Kira Ludvigovna Mendeleva (1934-2013), daughter of brigade commander Lajos (Ludwig Matveevich) Gavro and granddaughter of the famous pediatrician and healthcare organizer Yulia Aronovna Mendeleva (1883-1959), founder and first rector of the Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute (1925-1949).

The marriage gave birth to a son, Alexey Vasilyevich Aksyonov, a production designer, in 1960.

The second wife is Maya Afanasyevna Aksenova (nee Zmeul, in her first marriage Ovchinnikova, in her second marriage married to R.L. Carmen; born 1930), graduated from the Institute of Foreign Trade, worked at the Chamber of Commerce, and taught Russian in America. Stepdaughter - Elena (Alena) (1954 - August 18, 2008).

Scripts for films by Vasily Aksenov:

1962 - When bridges are raised
1962 - Colleagues
1962 - My little brother
1966 - Journey (film almanac)
1970 - Host
1972 - Marble House
1975 - Center from the sky
1978 - While the dream runs wild
2007 - Tatiana
2009 - Jester

Plays by Vasily Aksenov:

1965 - “Always on sale”
1966 - “Your Killer”
1968 - “The Four Temperaments”
1968 - “Aristophaniana with Frogs”
1980 - “Heron”
1998 - “Woe, grief, burn”
1999 - “Aurora Gorelik”
2000 - “Ah, Arthur Schopenhauer”

Bibliography of Vasily Aksenov:

1961 - “Colleagues”
1964 - “Catapult”
1965 - “It’s time, my friend, it’s time”
1966 - “Halfway to the Moon”
1969 - “It’s a pity that you weren’t with us”
1971 - “Love of Electricity”
1972 - “My grandfather is a monument”
1976 - “A chest in which something is knocking”
1990 - “Island of Crimea”
1990 - “Burn”
1991 - “Looking for Sad Baby”
1991 - “My grandfather is a monument”
1991 - “Rendezvous”
1991 - “Right to the Island”
1992 - “In Search of Sad Baby” “Two Books about America”
1993-1994 - “Moscow Saga” (Moscow Saga. Book 1 “Generation of Winter”; Moscow Saga. Book 2 “War and Prison”; Moscow Saga. Book 3 “Prison and Peace”
1996 - “The Negative of a Positive Hero”
1998 - “The Negative of a Positive Hero”
1998 - “Voltairians and Voltairians”
1999 - “The Death of Pompeii”
2001 - “Caesarean glow”
2001 - “Overstocked barrels”
2003 - “Oranges from Morocco”
2004 - “American Cyrillic”
2004 - “A Decade of Slander”
2005 - “Rare Earths”
2005 - “Looking for Sad Baby”
2005 - “Egg Yolk”
2005 - “Overstocked barrels”
2006 - “Moscow Kva-Kva”
2006 - “Say Raisin”
2006 - “Island of Crimea”
2009 - “Mysterious Passion” (novel about the sixties)
2009 - “Lend-Lease”
2012 - “Oh, this young man is flying!”
2014 - “One continuous Caruso” (Compiled by V. Esipov)
2015 - “Catch the pigeon mail. Letters" (Compiled by V. Esipov)
2015 - “The Lion’s Den” (Compiled by V. Esipov)

Premiere on Channel One: the multi-part film “Mysterious Passion” last novel Vasily Aksenov, in which the author “encrypted” the names and surnames of his contemporaries. The prototypes of the heroes are the idols of the sixties: Robert Er - Robert Rozhdestvensky, Anton Andreotis - Andrei Voznesensky, Nella Akhho - Bella Akhmadulina, Yan Tushinsky - Evgeny Yevtushenko, Vasily Aksyonov himself under the nickname Vaxon and many others. AiF.ru invites you to recall the real biographies of the prototypes of the main characters of the novel.

Robert Rozhdestvensky

Creation: The first serious publications of Rozhdestvensky’s poems appeared in the Petrozavodsk magazine “At the Turnover” when the poet was only 18 years old. At that time he was just trying to enter the Literary Institute. M. Gorky, where he was accepted, but only on the second attempt. Rozhdestvensky’s first works contained a lot of civic pathos; he wrote about space exploration and the difficulties Everyday life. But the older the writer became, the more lyrical his poetry seemed, and love lyrics came to the fore.

Robert Rozhdestvensky. Photo: RIA Novosti / Boris Kaufman

Popularity of Rozhdestvensky Soviet years was huge: in the 60s he was one of those who conquered the Polytechnic and sports palaces, his creative evenings were held in front of full houses, and his books were published in huge editions.

Popular works: Rozhdestvensky’s famous poems about love are known in almost all countries, and many are familiar with his work thanks to the songs “My Years”, “Echo of Love”, “Ticket to Childhood”, “Gravity of the Earth”. He is the author of the words of the legendary song “Moments” from the movie Tatiana Lioznova"Seventeen Moments of Spring".

Personal life: Robert's entire personal life was connected with Alla Kireeva, artist and literary critic. He dedicated all his love poems to her, and she became the mother of his two daughters.

Death: Rozhdestvensky died in Moscow at the age of 62. In 1990, doctors gave the poet a terrible diagnosis: malignant tumor brain. But after a successful operation, he managed to live another 4 years.

Interesting Facts: The poet stuttered badly, especially when he was worried, much less speaking in public, and this made him even more charming. But there was a reason for this speech disorder: they say that in childhood, in front of the poet’s eyes, his friend was hit by a car, after which Rozhdestvensky began to stutter.

Andrey Voznesensky

Creation: Voznesensky’s first collection, “Mosaic,” was published in 1958, when the poet was 26 years old. He immediately incurred the wrath of the authorities, because he did not reflect the principles that were instilled at that time. Then Voznesensky aroused sharp rejection among the Soviet literary community: his lyrics contained many daring metaphors and comparisons, an unusual rhythm of verse and a non-standard reflection of the tragedy of the Great Patriotic War. In 1963, Nikita Khrushchev himself sharply criticized the poet: “Look, what a Pasternak you found!.. Go to the damn grandmother. Get out, Mr. Voznesensky, to your masters!” Only in the 1970s did the persecution of the poet end and he finally began to be published in large numbers.

Popular works: Voznesensky was the author of eight poems and more than forty poetry collections. He is one of the creators of the rock opera “Juno and Avos” and the author of the words of the famous romance “I will never forget you.” Many popular pop songs were written based on his poems, including “Million Red roses", "Encore song", "Start over", "Give me back the music."

Personal life: Voznesensky lived for forty-six years in happy marriage With theater and film critic, writer Zoya Boguslavskaya, who in 1964 left her husband for the famous author after he dedicated the poem “Uzza” to her.

Death: In 1995, Voznesensky was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, the poet began to lose his voice, and the muscles of his throat and limbs began to weaken. He died at home in the arms of his beloved wife at the age of 77 after a second stroke.

Interesting Facts: Popular in the 90s performed Evgenia Osina The song “The Girl is Crying in the Machine” was written based on Voznesensky’s poem “First Ice”. In the late 60s, the song “First Ice” was popular in urban courtyard culture, and in different years it was performed Nina Dorda and VIA "Jolly Fellows".

Bella Akhmadulina

Creation: Bella Akhmadulina began writing poetry during her school years, and her first publication was published in the magazine “October” when the author was only 18 years old. Many Soviet critics considered Akhmadulina’s poetry “irrelevant,” “vulgar,” and “banal,” but the young poetess, on the contrary, gained enormous popularity among readers. Despite her obvious talent, Akhmadulina was expelled from the Literary Institute for refusing to support bullying Boris Pasternak. Later she was restored and even given a honors diploma, but along with Yevtushenko and Voznesensky, the Soviet government never supported her.

Popular works: One of Akhmadulina’s most famous poems is “On my street which year...”, which became famous thanks to the film Eldara Ryazanova"Irony of Fate or Enjoy Your Bath!". The works of the poetess are also widely known: “And finally, I will say...”, “Oh, my shy hero...”, “From the depths of my adversity...”.

Personal life: Akhmadulina was married four times: to Evgeniy Yevtushenko, behind writer Yuri Nagibin, behind screenwriter Eldar Kuliev and for theater artist Boris Messerer.

Death: IN last years During her life, Akhmadulina was seriously ill. In 2010, at the age of 73, she died at her dacha in the village of Peredelkino near Moscow.

Interesting Facts: In 1964, Akhmadulina played a young journalist in the film Vasily Shukshina“There lives such a guy.” And six years later she starred in another film: “Sport, Sports, Sports.”

Evgeniy Yevtushenko

Creation: The poet's first poem was published when he was 17 years old, and the author's talent was so obvious that he was accepted into the Literary Institute without a school certificate. Then, in 1952, he became the youngest member of the USSR Writers' Union, bypassing the stage of candidate member of the joint venture.

The beginning of creativity coincided with the Khrushchev thaw, and Yevtushenko’s fresh poems turned out to be in tune positive sentiments youth. In the early 1960s, he was one of the first among poets to appear on stage, and his artistry and special manner of reading poetry contributed to his success.

In 1957, Yevtushenko was expelled from the institute for supporting the novel. Vladimir Dudintsev“Not by bread alone,” but he continued to participate in various protests and was in opposition to the authorities. In 1991, Yevtushenko signed a contract with an American university and left the country forever.

Personal life: Yevgeny Yevtushenko was officially married four times: to Bella Akhmadulina, Galina Sokol-Lukonina, my own fan Jen Butler and on Maria Novikova, with whom he still lives.

Popular works: In Yevtushenko’s bibliography there is a place not only for poetry, but also for prose works. The most famous of them are the autobiographies “Premature Autobiography” and “Wolf Passport”. He is also the author of the lyrics to well-known songs: “Do the Russians want war,” “And it’s snowing,” “Waltz about a waltz,” “This is what’s happening to me.”

Interesting Facts: After the publication of the poem “Babi Yar,” Yevgeny Yevtushenko was “excommunicated” from Ukraine for twenty years: he was not allowed to hold creative evenings and meetings with poetry lovers.

Vasily Aksyonov

Creation: In 1956, Aksyonov graduated from the Leningrad Medical Institute. He worked as a doctor in the North, in Karelia, in Leningrad, in Moscow. His first stories were published in the magazine “Yunost” already in 1958, but it took time for Aksyonov to give up medicine and take up writing seriously. His novels and stories turned out to be very popular, but aroused disapproval from the authorities: the writer was constantly accused of hidden anti-Sovietism. After the end of the “thaw” and the scandal with the publication of the uncensored almanac “Metropol” in the USSR, it was no longer published: as a sign of protest, Aksyonov voluntarily resigned from the Writers’ Union.

Vasily Aksenov. Photo: RIA Novosti

Popular works: The author’s most popular works are considered to be “The Moscow Saga”, “Trilogy”, “Burn” and “Island of Crimea”, which were unpublished due to censorship in the USSR. As well as his last completed novel, Mysterious Passion.

Personal life: Vasily Aksenov was married twice, his first wife was Kira Mendeleeva, and second Maya Carmen, which the poet himself called the main passion of his life.

Death: Aksenov died in 2009 at the age of 77 after a long illness.

Interesting Facts: After Aksenov was deprived of Soviet citizenship, he taught Russian literature at several US universities. In 1990, Aksenov and his wife were returned to Russian citizenship, but he never returned to his homeland, only appearing in Moscow from time to time.

Roman Carmen was born in 1906 in Odessa. His father, Lazar Osipovich Karmen, grew up in a poor Jewish family. He became a self-taught writer. He gained fame for his stories about the people of the “bottom” - quarry workers and loaders of the Odessa port. While publishing in pre-revolutionary “thick” magazines, he met and became friends with Alexander Kuprin, Maxim Gorky, Leonid Andreev and other well-known writers of those times.

The books of Lazar Carmen “At the bottom of Odessa”, “Savages” and others were very popular. During the civil war, in 1920, when Odessa was in the hands of Denikin's troops, Lazar Carmen was arrested. The Red Army, which liberated Odessa, released the barely alive writer tortured by Denikin’s soldiers from prison, and he soon died.

As Roman Karmen writes in his memoirs, when his father died, he, still just a boy, had to sell newspapers on the streets of Odessa. Then he began working as an auxiliary worker in a port garage. And when he had a free minute, he ran to the sea, to the Austrian beach, which is remembered today only by old Odessa residents. Arriving in hometown already an adult, he spent most of his time on Langeron or in Arcadia.

In 1923, like many young Odessa talents who later became famous - Valentin Kataev, Isaac Babel, Eduard Bagritsky, Yuri Olesha, Vera Inber, Ilf and Petrov, Roman Karmen moved to Moscow and became interested in photography, which had attracted him since childhood. He was only 17 years old when his mother, who worked at Ogonyok magazine, brought him to the editor-in-chief Mikhail Koltsov. Roman showed his photographs from the streets of Moscow at that time - he himself considered them not very successful and was afraid of a negative reaction, but Koltsov kindly said: “Well, you already know how to take pictures.” And the photographs of the young man were published. From that time on, his work began in photography, and then in film journalism.

His photographs were highly appreciated by Vladimir Mayakovsky and Mikhail Koltsov. Carmen films Lenin's funeral, the visit of writer Maxim Gorky to Moscow, photographs Mikhail Prishvin and Alexei Tolstoy. Four posthumous photographs of Sergei Yesenin were taken with Roman Karmen's camera, taken in the House of Press the day after the poet's death.

Photo: © Roman Carmen

During the same period, Roman Carmen began to write essays and notes, accompanying them with photo illustrations. Among Carmen’s archival papers is a diploma awarded to him at an exhibition in honor of the decade of Soviet power in 1927: “For the dynamic construction of a photograph, excellent composition and high technique of work.”

Soon Carmen left this career and entered VGIK. The following legend lives in the cinematic community about the reason that forced him to make this decision: once, when Roman Karmen was photographing Stalin, the leader of the peoples drew attention to the young photographer and asked:

Young man, how old are you?
“Twenty-four years,” Carmen stammered, frightened by the sudden interest of the formidable Secretary General.
“You’re such an adult, but you’re doing such nonsense,” Joseph Vissarionovich said affectionately.

Since 1932, the name of Roman Carmen has become associated with documentary cinema. After graduating from the cinematography department of VGIK, Roman Karmen was invited to work at the Central Documentary Film Studio, where he worked all his life, sending there film reports from all over the world from his long business trips.

Roman Karmen is filming on the icebreaker Joseph Stalin. 1939
Photo by Dmitry Debabov from the collection of S.N. Burasovsky.

Whoever he had to film! During the Spanish Civil War - Ernest Hemingway, who worked in Madrid as a correspondent for American newspapers, Secretary General Communist Party Spain Dolores Ibarruri, who, together with ordinary Spaniards, dug trenches near Madrid. After spending a year in China after Spain, he worked on a film about the struggle of the Chinese people against the Japanese invaders, filming the leaders of this country. During the Great Patriotic War, he photographed Marshals Zhukov, Rokossovsky, Vasilevsky, Konev more than once in the Kremlin at various receptions of Stalin. In Vietnam - the first president of this country, Ho Chi Minh. In Cuba - Che Guevara and Fidel Castro. In Paris - French President General de Gaulle and many other outstanding people of the 20th century.

In February 1943, Carmen filmed the surrender of Field Marshal Paulus at Stalingrad. On May 9, in Berlin, he filmed the signing of the act of unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany.

Here is what Konstantin Simonov wrote about Carmen in May 1945: “I saw Carmen in Berlin, on the steps of the Reichstag, completely sick, with his throat wrapped in bandages, hoarse, without a voice, maddened by the amount of work, active, tense and infinitely happy with our Victory! "

Roman Carmen during filming in Berlin, near the Brandenburg Gate, May 1945

Cinematographer Roman Karmen during filming in Berlin at the Brandenburg Gate. Germany. 1945
Read further: http://svpressa.ru/war/article/55116/

The roads of war led Carmen to Berlin to the burning Reichstag, and then to Nuremberg, where the International Tribunal tried Hitler's war criminals. This tribunal sat for ten months, revealing step by step the crimes of German fascism. Roman Karmen led a group of Soviet cameramen who filmed this process. In the dock sat the leaders of Hitler's Reich, who until recently had wielded sinister power over millions of people. European countries enslaved by Nazi Germany. The judges were from the USA, England, France and the USSR.
After the Great Patriotic War, Roman Carmen wandered, in the full sense of the word, all over the world, filming documentaries in the jungles of Vietnam, where the people of this country fought against the French colonialists, and then against the American imperialists, in the Arctic, which was developed for the first time in the world by the Soviet nuclear icebreakers, in Cuba, while filming a film about Caspian oil workers, for which Carmen was awarded the Lenin Prize, he rarely visited Odessa. Last time came to his hometown to rebury his father, the writer Lazar Karmen, but this was in 1974, when, by decision of the city authorities, the old Jewish cemetery located on the Black Sea road was demolished. All that remained of the entire cemetery was the gate, near which in 1918, during the French intervention, members of the “Foreign Collegium” led by Jeanne Labourbe were shot. Members of the board and Jeanne herself carried out subversive work among French soldiers and sailors, persuading them to rebel against their officers and return to their homeland.

And the ashes of Father Roman Lazarevich now rest in the 2nd Christian cemetery, opposite the demolished Jewish one...

Carmen died in Moscow in 1976 while working at the editing table, preparing another film for release. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Roman Karmen - Soviet documentary filmmaker, front-line cameraman.
Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1957).
Honored Artist Azerbaijan SSR (1959).
People's Artist of the RSFSR (1965).
People's Artist of the USSR (11/29/1966).
Hero of Socialist Labor (03/18/1976).
Awarded two Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (05/23/1940, 05/09/1957), medals.
Lenin Prize, for the films “The Tale of the Caspian Oil Workers” and “Conquerors of the Sea” (1960).
Stalin Prize of the first degree for the day “New World Day”
(1942).
Stalin Prize, second degree, for the film “The Court of Nations” (1947).
Stalin Prize of the third degree for the film “Soviet Turkmenistan” (1952).
USSR State Prize (1975, for the films “The Burning Continent” (1973), “Chile - a time of struggle, a time of anxiety”, “Camarados. Comrade” (1974).

Among Carmen's famous works: "Spain", 1939; “The defeat of German troops near Moscow”, 1942; “Leningrad in Struggle”, 1942; "Berlin", 1945; "The Court of Nations", 1946 Nuremberg trials; “The Tale of the Caspian Oil Workers”, 1953; "Conquerors of the Sea", 1959; "Vietnam", 1955; "Morning of India", 1956; “My Country is Wide...”, 1958 - the first Soviet panoramic film; "Burning Island", 1961; “The Great Patriotic War”, 1965; “Grenada, Grenada, my Grenada...”, 1968, authors Roman Carmen and Konstantin Simonov; “Comrade Berlin”, 1969; "The Burning Continent", 1972.

IN family life Carmen was married (for his second marriage) to the famous Moscow beauty Nina Orlova. In November 1942, after have a fun party in Zubalovo1 (where, by the way, Svetlana Alliluyeva-Stalina met A. Kapler), she unexpectedly went to Vasily Stalin. Carmen, jealous, wrote a letter of complaint to Joseph Vissarionovich. A scandal was brewing. The Secretary General quickly conducted a short debriefing of his son, called General Vlasik and ordered: “Return this fool to Carmen. Colonel Stalin is to be arrested for 15 days.” The family was restored.

Carmen's first wife was Maria Gubelman, daughter of E. Yaroslavsky.

This was our fellow countryman, whose name is given to a cozy Odessa street, located very close to his beloved sea.

___________________________________________________________________

Arkady Khasin

Carmen Roman Lazarevich (11/16/1906, Odessa - 4/28/1978) - director and cameraman, People's Artist of the USSR (1966), Hero of Socialist Labor (1976), three-time winner of the Stalin Prize (1942, 1947, 1952).

Educated in State Institute cinematography (1932). As a cameraman he was in the revolutionary troops during Civil War in Spain (1936-39). Based on his filming, 22 newsreels “On Events in Spain” (1936-37) and the film “Spain” (1939) were prepared, presenting Spanish events in a way favorable to the party, one of the creators of the legend of the heroic struggle of the communists. In 1939 he joined the CPSU(b). During the Great Patriotic War - at the front. The materials he shot were included in the films “The Defeat of German Troops near Moscow” (1942), “Leningrad in the Struggle” (1942), “Berlin” (1945).

Roman Carmen was the scriptwriter, director and director of filming of the propaganda film “The Court of Nations” (1947) about the Nuremberg trials. In addition, he directed “25th October” (1943), “Battle of Oryol” (1943), “Maidanek” (1944), “The Tale of the Caspian Oil Workers” (1953). Being a brilliant cameraman, K. created a documentary substantiation of the myth of the Great Patriotic War created by Soviet propaganda. Patriotic War. He always acted in line with the general line of Soviet party propaganda.

After the death of I.V. Stalin remained the leading documentary filmmaker of the USSR, making propaganda films. Among his works are “Conquerors of the Sea” (1954), “The Great Patriotic War” (1965), “The Heart of Corvalan” (1975). He was the director and author of 2 films in the epic “The Great Patriotic War” (1979). Since 1960 he headed the camera department of VGIK. In 1960 he received the Lenin Prize and in 1975 the State Prize.

Materials used:
from the book: Zalessky K.A. Stalin's Empire.
Biographical encyclopedic dictionary.

Diagnostics and diseases. Medicines from A to Z

Maya karmen. Vasily Aksenov

Robert Rozhdestvensky

Andrey Voznesensky

Bella Akhmadulina

Evgeniy Yevtushenko

Vasily Aksyonov